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The author presents a primary research project on Mexican soap operas, begun in 1985, in three major areas: production, textural composition and differential social appropriations in six central mexican cities. The paper also presents a discussion and critical view of different approaches to television drama (effects, content, uses and gratifications, semeiotics and prodevelopment television). Current field research information is presented in figures that show the specific role Mexican soap operas play in television programming in general, among socially distinct viewers. The need for a multi-dimensional level analysis is presented here as a way to better understand this melodramatic phenomenon, so deeply rooted in the dynamics of the social construction of reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the skeleton of a first-stage sample survey of six Mexican cities (Colima, Guadalajara, Leon, Mexico, Puebla and Veracruz) focusing on the different ways in which a probabalistic and quoted sample, representing approximately 85% of the Mexican urban population, perceives soap operas. An open and closed questionnaire, utilizing Likert's classic scales, provides much classified quantitative and qualitative information about who watches soap operas in Mexico (sex, social class, age), and the different ways in which viewers are related and have made a social appropriation of soap operas. This is one of the few current academic studies on the problematic relationship between social structures and television drama in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of studies on the fungi of the State of Michoacan, Mexico, in this paper Trichoglossum velutipes (Peck) Durand is reported for the first time for the Mexican mycoflora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was made of the flora and vegetation of the summit of Cerro Potosí, located in the southern part of the state of Nuevo León. The principal objective was to analyze the changes that have occurred in the vegetation after 27 years, using as reference the paper of Beaman & Andresen (1966) on the vegetation and floristics of the area. Sampling by means of transects through four communities: alpine meadow, subalpine meadow, Pinus culminicola scrub and P. hartwegii forest was carried out. Intensive and selective collecting was accomplished above the altitudinal level of 3500 m. The results show that alpine meadow and P. culminicola scrub decreased their areas, and that P. culminicola is not resistant to fire. Some of the dominant elements of subalpine meadow increased their distribution. A vascular flora of 95 species in 77 genera and 36 families is reported. Protection of this fragile and unique ecosystem is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution is essentially a complement to the data and concepts exposed in a previous paper, devoted to the topic of diversity and origins of the Mexican phanerogamic flora. A part of the mentioned paper deals with the subject of endemism which, according to evidence and estimations, involves the family level and accounts for ±10% of the genera and ±52% of known species. If an ecologically more natural area (wich expands the territory of Mexico by about 1/3)is taken as reference, these figures rise respectively to ±17% and ±72%. If these figures are compared with existing information for other countries and regions of the world, it can be concluded that the extent of endemism in the flora of Mexico is not as large as that of Australia, Madagascar or South Africa, but surpasses that of Cuba and of the California floristic province and is much larger than those of many other parts of the world. The origin of this significant wealth of endemic organisms must be sought on the one hand in the existence of a fair number of regions that behave as true ecological islands and peninsulas within the territory of Mexico, some of them extending over large portions of the country, and on the other hand, in the events and environmental conditions of the geological past. Particularly, it must be emphasized that during much of the Cenozoic era no terrestrial connection existed with South America and accordingly Mexico bore the form of a peninsula which, much like South Africa, penetrated in form of a wedge toward climatic conditions in sharp contrast with those prevailing on the wider part of the continent. Different types and aspects of endemism in Mexican flora are discussed and it is pointed out that an important proportion of very local and/or rare species can be recognized. The majority of endemics, however, do not belong to this group and in fact many of the most common and characteristic plants of the Mexican landscape belong to taxa of restricted distribution, including a large number of weeds and some cultivars. Gypsophytes stand out among edaphic endemics and this group seems to bear a long evolutionary history. A large additional assemblage of paleoendemics can be distinguished, in part concentrated in areas which acted as refugia during the epochs of changing climates of the Tertiary and the Quaternary. A rough estimation indicates that endemism in the Mexican flora is most accentuated among shrubs' and perennial terrestrial herbs, whereas lianas and aquatic plants show the lowest incidence. Among the larger families, Cactaceae, Rubiaceae and Compositae stand out with about 70% of endemic species, while Orchidaceae and Gramineae only reveal 35% and 25% respectively. A remarkable correlation can be observed between the proportion of endemic genera arid the degree of climatic aridity. At the species level, however, temperate and semi-humid areas are equally privileged in endemics. On the other hand in warm and humid regions endemism is poorly represented. Numbers of localities and regions are indicated, in which a significant concentration of floristic endemism has been detected and in general terms it can be observed that endemic genera are much better represented in the northern half of the country, whereas endemic species are more numerous on the Pacific slopes than on the Atlantic. It is pointed out, however, that in most parts of the country, practically at any point, the flora of terrestrial and not excessively disturbed communities includes a high percentage of endemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five species of Hygrophoraceae are reported for the first time from Mexico: Humidicutis marginata (Pk.) Sing., Hygrocybe chloochlora Pegler & Fiard, H. chlorophana (Fr.) Karsten, H. constrictospora Arnolds and H. minutula (Pk.) Murr. Descriptions and illustrations are provided in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a contribution toward the knowlege of wood anatomy of eight species of trees used for handicraft goods produced in the state of Michoacan (Mexico): Gyrocarpus jatrophifolius, Bocconia arborea, Lysiloma acapulcensis, Lysiloma microphylla, Platymiscium lasiocarpum, Cedrela dugesii, Cordia elaeagnoides, Ehretia latifolia. Descriptions of esthetic aspects and of wood structure are made. Statistical univariate analysis of measured elements is applied. Wood characters of the trees are correlated with their real and potential use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores new possibilities for the study of political culture in Mexico. It moves away from electoral surveys and opinion polls into the analysis of everyday attitudes, rituals and symbols, principally highlighting the general historical conditions on which an "individualistic" rather than a "corporatist" culture may emerge. The paper suggests that the popular character of "the rogue" may provide important clues for the understanding of political values in Mexico. Additionally, it is argued that information concerning civic rituals and secondary socialization is also conducive to insights into political culture. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, the causes of the growth in spending for the public sector in Mexico, during the period 1925 to 1976, will be investigated. The evidence is explained in terms of three approaches in the positive economics of Public Choice Theory: 1) median voter theory, 2) an institutional approach, and 3) the theory of interest groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the absolute version of the purchasing power parity hypothesis is bested as a long-run equilibrium condition in the Mexican case, in particular the existence of convergence between the prices of Mexico and the prices of United States, valuated in the same currency is evaluated. The existence of unit roots in different measures of the real exchange rate and the cointegration of various kinds of internal and external prices valued in the same currency, are tested by using several methodologies. The results show weak evidence in favor of the purchasing power parity which would be a consequence of the action of structural and transitory economic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a preliminary list of 650 genera of vascular plants that contain at least one species linked in exclusive or preferential way with the montane mesophilous forest (cloud forest) of Mexico. The analysis of this inventory reveals that: a) Epiphytes show to be the best represented life form in this forest and the family Orchidaceae prevails in the number of genera, being more than twice as important as Compositae and almost four times as important as Leguminosae. b) 13 families of the vascular flora of Mexico (Brunelliaceae, Chloranthaceae, Cunoniaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Illiciaceae, Nyssaceae, Podocarpaceae, Proteaceae, Sabiaceae, Schisandraceae, Tovariaceae, Tropaeolaceae and Winteraceae) are exclusive or almost exclusive of this vegetation type and the majority of components of additional 33 families are preferential o exclusive members of the montane mesophilous forest. c) On the generic level southern affinity amply prevails over the northern one; only 2% of the genera are restricted in their distribution to the limits of the country, but this percentage rises to 12 if the joint area of Mexico and Central America is taken as reference. d) The fossil record indicates that the montane mesophilous forest exists in Mexico since the Tertiary and in this connection it can be postulted that this vegetation type evolved by means of an integration of elements of appropriate ecological affinity from the old flora of southern Laurasia, from the flora immigrated from South America as well as from the flora originated in Mexico and Central America; some plants from other vegetation types were most probably also incorporated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a summary of the theory of fiscal decentralization for a federal government. Possible applications of the theory to the case of Mexico are discussed. Finally, a reform consisting of a partial decentralization of the personal income tax is simulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the prospects for Mexican industry after opening to freer trade. The first part deals with the impact during transition on industrial capacity, particularly the loss of technological capabilities and the scarce development of industrial linkages. The second part shows the recent pattern of industrial specialization in Mexico lacking sectorial linkages, increasing imports content and heavily concentrated in scale intensive and resource based industries. The specialization has favored activities of little technological dynamism where most technological innovations are controlled or dominated through suppliers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper detects market power at the two digit level in the Mexican manufacturing sector for the period 1970- 1991. Similarly to Hall (1988), the identification assumption is that total factor productivity growth is not procyclical. The test holds even for the case in which the market power coefficient is variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the recent Mexico experience in the opening to competition in networks infrastructure mainly in the telecommunications sector. In spite of deregulation and privatization policies in the recent past, there are threats coming from regulatory failures which create obstacles in the process of maximizing the competition scope. The path from State-operation to “managed competition” leads to a deficient competition environment due to the excessive authority oversight, which make costly future, more ambitious, deregulation efforts. The paper focus on interconnection policy between the public telephone network operator and the new long distance carriers, and explore related provisions in natural gas and railroads. Also, it focus on spectrum policy allocation and the role of the new antitrust authority and the specialized regulatory agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between the directional spectrum of sea surface waves and the optical or digital diffraction pattern is well established. Barber (1954) proved that the wave direction can be estimated from the diffraction pattern of a photographic image. This work presents the analysis of aerial sea surface images. The diffraction pattern or power spectrum of each image was obtained to determine the directional spectrum. The technique applied to the sea surface images obtained 12 May, 1993 showed that the waves presented a predominant direction to 65 deg.N and an origin in the 250 deg.SW range. The 200 to 12 m wavelengths were the most frequently found. The implementation and design of the photographic system is described in this paper. We discuss its applicability and limitations, as well as the potential this method has in oceanography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is divided into three sections, the first sketches a panorama of the conditions of construction of knowledge, not "about" but from the perspective of culture. The second is a self-critical presentation of the author's work on what he terms '"Cultural Fronts. " Lastly, some of the characteristics and effects of the cultural fronts project are presented, which is currently being developed in Mexico and, through recently initiated collaborations, in other parts of Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper measures the effect of the labor factor mobility on the convergence rate to the steady state of the economy. It is estimated that this rate in relatively low for the Mexican Federate States, compared with other countries like the United States and Japan. However, the ratios between the Mexican Federate States and the US are very similar during the 80’s. According to our estimations, the mobility of the labor factor, “pure” or adjusted by human capital, between the Mexican Federate States does not seem to have a significative effect on the convergence rate to the long run per capita real product; which means that the mobility of the labor force does not seem to smooth considerably the differences in per capita real product between the States. Our results have several implications for Regional Policy making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commelina nivea López-Ferrari, Espejo et Ceja, and Commelina rzedowskii López-Ferrari, Espejo et Ceja, two white flowered species are described and illustrated in this paper. The former is known only from Las Adjuntas, municipio of Pueblo Nuevo in the state of Durango and the other was collected in the neighborhood of Tenería, municipio of Tejupilco in the state of México. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, four species of Cucurbitaceae are reported for the first time for several states of Mexico: Cayaponia longiloba Monro (Tabasco and Veracruz), Chalema synanthera Dieterle (Sinaloa), Peponopsis adhaerens Naudin (Querétaro) and Schizocarpum palmeri Cogn. & Rose (Veracruz). The last one, also represents the first record of the genus Schizocarpum for the eastern portion of Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to discuss productivity changes among the different sized firms and intensities in the use of inputs in Mexican manufacturing. In order to analyze the underlying factors causing productivity differences we estimated an econometric model. Our results demonstrate that the productivity determinants are the result of an interrelated set of micro and macroeconomic variables. We show that there is a duality in the behavior among firms and therefore, the expected impact from the micro-macroeconomic variables having to do with the productivity dynamic are dissimilar. Finally we expose some of the implications of these differing impacts, both from the theoretical point of view, as well as from an economic policy standpoint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quercus gambelii Nutt. is a widespread white oak (Quercus, subgenus and section Quercus, subsection Gambelieae) in the southern Rocky Mountain region of the United States, extending to west-central Chihuahua in the Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico. Quercus arizonica Sarg., rather distantly related (subsection Glaucoideae), has a more southern distribution in the United States, and extends through the Sierra Madre into Durango. In the southwestern United States hybrids between Q. gambelii and several white oaks, including Q. arizonica, are very common, often forming a major portion of the lower elevation oak vegetation, particularly in New Mexico. These hybrids are known in general as Q. x undulata Torr., pro sp. A plant very similar to Q. x undulata, Q. lesueuri C. H. Muller, was collected by Harde LeSueur at "El Salto de Babicora", in west-central Chihuahua, in 1937. It has not been collected since. An oak similar to Q. lesueuri was collected by the author in the nearby Sierra Catarina where it is sympatric with Q. gambelii and Q. arizonica. El Salto de Babicora was determined to be located north of the town of Madera. In this canyon Q. gambelii and Q. arizonica are common. Quercus lesueuri and the newly collected hybrid from the Sierra Catarina are shown to be strongly similar to Q. x undulata and intermediate between Q. arizonica and Q. gambelii through the use of the same six leaf characters (leaf width, relative depth of indentations of leaf margin, conspicuousness of intercostal reticulum, number of major secondary veins, number of rays per stellate hair, curliness of hairs) that Tucker used to assess intermediacy of certain collections to the putative parents Q. gambelii and Q. arizonica. In this paper Q. lesueuri is demonstrated to be part of this hybrid complex. Taxonomically it should be recognized as Q. x lesueuri C. H. Muller, pro sp., and to be considered as a synonym of Q. x undulata, sensu lato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a general overview of the taxonomic and floristic knowledge of the family Cucurbitaceae in Mexico is presented. The family is represented in this country by 137 taxa (species and infraspecific categories), belonging to 38 genera of its two subfamilies (Zanonioideae and Cucurbitoideae). Thirteen of the taxa are mainly crops for human consumption, the rest growing wild, of which more than 50% are endemic to relatively small areas of the country. Some of the wild taxa are closely related to crops of worldwide importance, and several are used mainly in folk medicine in various regions of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The longline is the most common fishing gear used to catch pelagic fish species. It consists of a principal line or mother line from which secondary lines with hooks hang. This fishing gear has demonstratedits efficiency to catch tuna, shark and billfish. The relative specific selectivity, according to some authors, seems to be influenced byfactors like fishing strategy, horizontal and vertical species distribution, and the kind and size of bait. In this paper, a practical method to estimate hook operating depth is proposed, taking into consideration the catenary line formed by the mother line in each section. This estimate was validated with data obtained by means of a CTD meter placed at the same depth as the hooks during the longline operation. Moreover, an analysis of the species composition of the catch at each hook depth was performed. The results indicate that there is a difference of more than 30 m between operating depths in each section. Likewise, significant differences (at level a = 0.05) among catches ateach operating level were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a complete list of hermatypic coral species, analyzes the biodiversity levels and describes the biogeographic patterns of the group in the Mexican Pacific. The coral fauna of the MexicanPacific consists of 23 species, which makes this region one of the highest in terms of specific richness within the tropical eastern Pacific. In general, the species are grouped in faunistic units that correspond to the traditional zoogeographic provinces recognized in the region. There is no evidence of effective biogeographic barriers throughout the Mexican Pacific region. Local extinction events, likely caused by the narrow distribution of some species, and perhaps due to the type and frequency of transpacific colonizations, modify the normalprocesses of community succession, causing the Mexican Pacific to bea highly dynamic zone in terms of its coral fauna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The state of Nayarit occupies a strategic position in Mexico; it encompasses the vertex of three important mountain ranges (Eje Volcánico Transversal, Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre del Sur); this largely determines its high floristic diversity. In the state, Asteraceae is the most diverse family of flowering plants, with 122 genera and 447 species. This paper includes an updated list of species of Asteraceae found in Nayarit and this diversity is compared to that found in the neighbouring states. A list of the endemic species to Nayarit is also included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of this paper is to analyze the Mexican coastal flora of the Gulf and Caribbean. Floristic and vegetation analysis of 44 beach sites comprising the Atlantic littoral of Mexico, revision of herbarium specimens (MEXU and XAL) and bibliography was used to obtain information. It was used to build a data base resulting in 655 species and 91 families. Species number per family and per site was obtained. Growth forms, species distribution in microhabitats, presence of species with different distribution or habitat preference (i.e. coastal, belonging to other vegetation types or secondary) are analyzed. Species frequency distribution along the Gulf sites is also discussed. Endemics and new records for Mexico are given. A synthesis of the coastal flora, its composition and problematics are analyzed, within the framework of an ecological point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explain the new location factors which are associated with the recent establishment of export-oriented motor plants in the North of Mexico. The findings support the hypothesis that some types of plants, such as the automotive export companies studied here, are more interested in applying flexible production systems than in taking advantage of the Weberian industrial location determinants. The study concludes that industrial organization theory is relevant in the design of industrial policy, while at the same time recognizing the need to broaden and to reformulate location models inherited from Regional Economics. Of particular importance is the need to recognize the high risks for failure in continuing to follow traditional industrial policies based on production subsidies and or for the provision by government agencies of dedicated infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a taxonomic classification for the chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz, that includes two subspecies: S. edule ssp. edule and S. edule ssp. sylvestre, is proposed. Additionally, wild populations of the species are documented for the first time for the states of Querétaro and Puebla, México, and distributional data for similar populations so far recorded in the country are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The municipio of Culiacán has an area of 4 758.9 km² and is located in the central portion of the state of Sinaloa. Its topography is relatively flat, with a large percentage of its surface occurring below 300 m of altitude and only few places surpass 500 m above sea level. The main vegetation type is the thorn forest; however, the mangrove forest, the tropical deciduous forest, the tropical subdeciduous forest, the Quercus forest, and the Pinus and Quercus forest are also present although in less proportion. An inventory of the vascular flora recorded 1 445 native species and subspecific taxa, in 623 genera and 145 families. 162 endemic taxa to western (W) and northwestern (NW) regions of Mexico are present in the municipio of Culiacán, two of them being restricted to its political borders. In this paper, a checklist of the endemic taxa to W and NW Mexico occurring in the municipio is presented; their distribution patterns at state level in the region are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the uneven flow of transnational media messages has been widely studied and documented by a number of scholars in different parts or the world, there has been a scarcity of more detailed studies about the kind of foreign supply and its reception and appropriation by different audiences in different countries. This paper reviews most of the recent studies done in Mexico about these two analytical axes and discusses the theoretical implications of their findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the analysis of certain religious practices which occur in the context of the city of Guadalajara, Mexico, this paper explores some manifestations of globalization and postmodernity which are existing today in the relocation and organization of contemporary religiosity. According to the author, in the New Age cult of Guadalupe, religiosity is still in the construction of collective identities. [TRANSLATION]

We think in order to comprehend school performance, it is necessary to study it as a reality that is part of the pupil's personal formation in a concrete socio-cultural context as a dynamic rapport process between the individual and the rest of the school subjects through social meanings, assessments, attitudes, expectations and practices in school performance in a school where the student is configured as a concrete pupil, as a school performance subject who expresses and builds on his or her own practical action as well as his or her flexibility about it. The objective of this paper is to research how school individuals are formed as high or low performance elementary school pupils, of an elementary school in the suburbs of Mexico City. In particular to analyze which elements from at least two sources of the interaction, the teachers and the classmates, are incorporated by our study subjects in their self assessment and action, in a position for their personal configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, Canada and Mexico. The acute myocardial infarction (Ml) in most patients is the result of coronary disease. It has been reported that traditional risk (actors for CVD such as smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, family history, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other comorbidities are responsible from 50 to 65%. Other risk factors have been associated with CVD. such as homocysteine, a natural amino acid that depends on vitamin B6, B12 and folates to be metabolized. Recent publications have associated high blood levels of homocysteine with myocardial infarction, stroke, venous thromboembolism and CVD mortality and insufficient levels of folate and vitamin B6. Some studies show that the intake of higher amounts of folates decreases homocysteine blood values and lowers the CVD risk. The present paper is a review of the literature with the objective of highlighting the importance of evaluating homocysteine levels in our population and the importance of these nutrients in lowering the risk for CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper draws a comparative study about social participation related to Rural Development in Mexico and the Philippines. It is made a historical analysis in order to understand this participation, and find out how these civil organizations started to "speak up", if they have had an umbrella organization, and if they build networks. One of the major issues on the long run is to find out how the explosion of grassroots participation in civil society, people organizations and non-governmental organizations are engaged on rural development. Therefore, the long-term goal is to analyze how peasants have been represented on this "new organizations", and how they will benefit by the participation of this Civil Society Organizations on the Public Arena. Short-term goal is to analyze how important is to address comparative studies on this topic. Additionally to identify how organizations from the civil society are responding to this new area under discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a consistent framework to identify strategic or key sectors and to evaluate the regional significance of individual sectors according to different index criteria, using the regional input-output tables. The methodology is applied to the case of Baja California Sur, Mexico, and deals with the current discussion about a possible new strategy of economic development for the region. In doing so, the policy perspective as well as the technological structure, was taken into account. The results confirmed the existence of traditional or leading sectors being considered strategic or key for the region's economic development. Such a sector has the characteristic of having very weak sectoral linkages with the rest of the economic activities and by not exert a significant influence upon output levels of other sectors and with it on regional employment, and other goal variables. The conclusions confirmed a necessary and urgent revision of the plans for the economic development in the region, in order to include long and short run considerations, as well as the quantitative perspective to support and reinforce them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the contemporary global scenery, regions acquire new relevancy when being the geographic establishments where productive processes that promote the international economy take shape. However, the kind of insertion a region accomplishes in this concert is determined by the particular conditions of its historic development in the economic, social and political spheres and by virtue of the participation modalities its social actors assume. With this perspective, the present paper offers a first approach to the conformation process of an economic region and a management elite, the sonorenses. This as a preamble to explain the role management groups are performing today as opposed to commercial opening and the new challenges of the world economic competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives accounts for some ancient insects, that were obtained in relation to funerarius deposits inside the "La Chagüera" cave, localized near Ticuman, Morelos state, Mexico, during the archaeological and archaeobotanical studies under Ticuman 94 Proyect. Fragments of three orders of insects were found: Coleoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera, and also some fragments of Diplopoda, Polydesmida Rhachodesmidae. The following taxa were determined: the Coleoptera family Scarabaeidae, with the genera Dichotomius, Ontophagus, which are attracted by carrion and Copris, which prefers excreta; the family Trogidae, represented by the genus Omorgus, which has affinity for carrion. The family Melolonthidae with the phytophagous genus Cotinis and Hologymnetis; the family Dermestidae, represented by Dermestes, with preferences for dry organic matter. Fragments of Tenebrionidae, belonging to the genus Eleodes and Asidinae, as well as one prothorax of Elateridae and some elytra of Lampyridae or Meloidae were found. The order Diptera was represented by the family Calliphoridae with the genus Phormia that visits carrion; the family Stratiomyidae, represented by the genus Hermetia that frequent corpses; the subfamily Cuterebrinae with the genera Cuterebra and Hypoderma which are hypodermical parasites in vertebrate animals. The order Lepidoptera was determined only to the family Tinaeidae. It is difficult to explain the presence of Cotinis and Hologymnetis elytra, because they are phytofagous insects and cannot visit the dark areas inside the cave, but possibly they correspond to cultural activities of the ancient population, being very difficult to prove. The presence of Cuterebrinae can be explained because they parasitized some vertebrates that visited the cave. This is the first time the relationship between insects and funeral deposites with an age of 200 B.C.-200 A.D. inside a cave, are registered for Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A dichotomous key of 21 species of Pluteus Fr. recorded from Nueva Galicia, Mexico, is presented. This paper is part of the results obtained from the study of this genus in the region. Short comments of the 21 species and examined materials are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]