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Popular, meaning "a space of deep conflict", has gone a long way in order to be recognized by those in charge of studying social communication and culture in Latin America. Due to political changes and the reemergence of "democracies" in most part of the Continent, the preeminent paradigm, in the last two decades, has left its place to another one that recognizes and appraises the existence of new historical theoretical issues like trans-nationalization of culture, the meaning of the national, the emergence of ethnical considerations, masses, urban concerns; etc. All these topics are reviewed by the author in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture & Food is the property of Research Committee on Sociology of Agriculture & Food and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over recent decades, the flow of television programs and services between nations has prompted concerns about "cultural imperialism". However, some of the peripheral countries now have developed strong television industries of their own. This paper brings together overviews of the most dynamic of these regions: Latin America, India, the Middle East, and in the English-speaking world, Canada and Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Latin America's rich intellectual production on questions of media and identity has been largely overlooked outside the region. The aim of this paper is to air the views on the interrelated themes of identity, culture, and communication of some of Latin America's most prominent cultural theorists, and to offer a commentary on these writings from the perspectives of scholars working in Europe and North America. Of particular interest is the extent to which the state is seen as able to or needing to regulate culture and communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is divided into three sections, the first sketches a panorama of the conditions of construction of knowledge, not "about" but from the perspective of culture. The second is a self-critical presentation of the author's work on what he terms '"Cultural Fronts. " Lastly, some of the characteristics and effects of the cultural fronts project are presented, which is currently being developed in Mexico and, through recently initiated collaborations, in other parts of Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The paper outlines the fact that social psychology, at the present time, is obligated to consider social events through underlying subjective aspects in the social structure. An analysis of the individual-society relationship is done as well as a construction of the individual and collective subjectiveness as a theoretical problem in social psychology. Some considerations are presented about the perspectives of social psychology as a discipline in the Latin American context as well as the actual state of social psychology as a profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the time series properties of the return of American Depository Receipts (ADRs) issued by Latin American companies. Specifically, we examine the presence of nonlinear trends and chaos. The motivation of the paper is twofold: First, we use a micro data set, wich can avoid the problems encountered by previous research of nonlinearity an chaos in micro financial data. Second, we choose returns of Latin American ADRs because of its unique characteristics, wich might make them to behave differently from the U.S. capital market as a whole. Even though the powerful BDS statistic strongly suggests the presence of nonlinearity in the Latin American ADRs returns. The BDS statistics, applied to the standardized residuals of the EGARCH model, rejects heteroskedasticity as the cause of nonlinearity. On the other hands, the locally weighted regression indicates the presence of chaos in the Latin American ADRs returns. Our results are relevant because previous research has failed to report evidencr of chaos in stock returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a current shortage of qualitative investigations on Islamic communities in Latin America. The aim of this study is to narrow the gap by presenting the results of field research and historical investigation of Islam in Cuba. The Muslim faith, both Shiite and Sunni, is an emerging belief system in Cuba. There are particular socio-psychological factors that help understand why, until recently, Islam had not been practiced as an organized religion. Nevertheless, it has been present both culturally and historically as it has been practiced privately. This paper provides updated statistics and ethnographic data; it also describes the relationships between Islam and other faiths, as well as the role of Cuba's women in liturgy and religious life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the global production system development, it have been generated a continuous process of elimination of jobs. Prosperity zones of economic cycles have become more and more insufficient, in order to recover lost jobs during the lasts recessions. The nature (characteristics) of the technological park, (media) in capital and knowledge, is the main reason why the investments, that generate not too much knowledge or jobs, are even bigger each time. Due to this situation, have been accumulated in many places, an space of hard cessation and other wider of precarious jobs. Jobs outside of the limits of labor legislation, with a poor remuneration, for short periods of time, informal. This situation affects all professions, occupations and arts, although in a different way. The phenomenon of work erosion is too much known in Latin America. The "surprise" is that this phenomenon is becoming to be naked, discovered in the very same territories that are the home of the architects of the global system for the production, consumption and distribution. Therefore, nowadays it is used the term a "thirdworlded" planet. This paper pretends to demonstrate the phenomenon of the precarious job, in general, and how the information workers, that form part of that fragile environment, or that unemployed, or looking for job for their first time, could implement strategies, in order to have a non-precarious job. Also alert those lucky persons, that have an stable job and a decent salary, about a possible deterioration of their labor status, and how they should prepare themselves in order to know about this threats before its appearance and the ways to face it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global integration has advanced in a vertiginous way, but in an unequal and unbalanced manner, affecting regions, countries, enterprise and individuals within the scenario of winners and losers, concentrating power and marginalizing the poor. This paper utilizes certain Latin American and Mexican socio-economic indicators in order to demonstrate the contradictions generated by the present development model, the consequences of which are reflected in the serious proportions that poverty and inequality have acquired in these countries. More than just a description, we propose a reflection on the challenges to be faced in order to reach this long awaited development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this article is to study food policies and their importance for social capital formation within the context of State reform in Mexico and Latin America. In order to achieve this goal we divide our paper in three parts. In the first part, we study state reform from a new theoretical perspective, analyzing new complex proposals and their relationships with decentralization and emerging actors. Secondly, we describe the phases that social food policy has undergone, as well as its effect on social organization. Finally, we study new food policies in Mexico and their probable perspectives for success from the point of view of establishing social capital which is an important part of the emerging theories on society and state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the views that mostly prevail in History textbooks concerning Latin America in the period between 1980 and 2000, with the purpose of recognizing continuities and breaches in the formulation of historical curricula contents. Such perspective seeks to study pre-eminent discourses about these issues related with the conformation of Latin American nationalities and the ideas that these stories imply concerning the citizens' education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is aimed to analyze the existing relationships between the civil society and the emergence of new forms of governability in Latin America in an environment of economic globalization. Under the theoretical background of the collective action theory it is analyzed the action of the new social movements and their relations to networking structure of civil society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is aimed at analyzing the existing relationships between civil society and the emergence of new forms of governability in Latin America in an environment of economic globalization. Under the theoretical framework of collective action theory, the actions of new social movements and their relations to networking structures in civil society are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to illuminate how the enduring political values inherited from the colonial epoch have had a long duree in Latin American countries, and the consequences for the installation of democratic regimes, throughout the 19th up to the end of the 20th century. The central argument is that democracy is not only about economic welfare or competitive political system, but is about how democratic values are developed in societies where, due to their heavy non-democratic historical inheritance, those ones hardly begin to root. In order to achieve this goal we combine a historical qualitative approach and a quantitative method using public opinion information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Desarrollo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The starting point of this article is the recognition that crisis is a constant when analyzing Latin America. This article asks how do political democracy and economic liberty interact in this region, considering that both are fundamental to development. After an analysis of Latin American diversity, the paper poses the question "Has the "end" of history reached Latin America with the liberal reforms in the region in the 1990s?", and concludes that the actual crisis is not due to a failure of the liberal model but rather to its limited application and lack of transparency. The paper ends with the suggestion that the region needs the "Chilean consensus", less orthodox than the Washington Consensus, but whose foundation is the transformation of the country's mentality, forming the base of its success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is part of the analysis of the history of ideas in Latin America, which is a field of thought that contributes to recovering contributions from diverse fields of knowledge, and which has been focused on by intellectuals who consider our identity to be a theme of reflection. Luis Beltran Prieto Figueroa was one of the more influential intellectuals in 20th Century Venezuela. This paper touches on some of his works, such as Joven Empínate, El Estado y la Educación en América Latina, El humanismo democrático y la educación, La política y los hombres among others, and through philosophical discourse analyzes his ideas in relation to the fundamental doctrines of democracy, their interpretation of reality, and their positions in reference to education, politics, poetry, and nationalism as a dignifying attitude in Latin American countries in the face of the power of the United States. Among the conclusions we find the characterization of his ideas in favor of truly democratic education, the intellectual commitment with the noble aspirations of the people, his ability in studying the Venezuelan reality, and his gift at overcoming factors which were an obstacle to the technical and cultural development desired in Venezuela and Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzing the evolution of UFR interpretations in Latin America, the paper shows how TH debilitated the interpretation that had been dominant until the end of the 1980s, and how the debate in course between these two present positions tends to progress. By offering a standard for critical analysis of the changes in the explanatory and normative-institutional models of Science and Technology Policy in advanced and peripheric countries, Triple Helix Statement can inform new interpretations more adherent to the democratization scenario that is being constructed in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to locate the origin of the history of ideas from XIX century in Colombia, in the interpretative intention of the authors of the second half of the century, who have the intention to give meaning to historical facts using a conceptual structure taken from different ideologies or philosophic currents in vogue at that moment in Europe, without stopping in the purely descriptive or historical interest. In the twentieth century we will be studying relevant authors or publishing their original studies to complete a certain canon of representatives from the intellectuality of the epoch. The question is for the criterion which defines the selection and the mode to link the ideas in general and the philosophical in particular to the development of the cultural and social processes. The paper shows some alternative hypotheses that take the contributions from text science and other contemporary disciplines that consider the study of the ideas of the XIX century without falling into the totalizations that have been censured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper propose how the public policy analysis contributes to build the common good, political aim that requires public policies as means to foster production of goods, as a utility maximization task. In politics, this exercise enfaces at least three major problems: how to go beyond the deliberation process and to construct the public agenda, how to do optimal choices whit incomplete information and how to distribute burdens and benefits in an equitable basis. Finally, we show this questions analysing the trends of production and distribution of wealth in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes in what measure, the oil production process in Eastern Ecuador shows a specific profile in a hundred social indicators. The data used come from INFOPLAN, SIISE, census series, and oil production information. The correlations between different figures analyzed are studied, factor analysis and clusters are used to establish different groupings. The results show that oil activity produces a specific profile, but is not the main factor that explains or is associated to the differences in social indicators in the Ecuadorian Amazon basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

State formation and Nation building in 19th Century Latin America had to deal with several inner problems in each country. A common element which can be identified throughout the entire continent is the practice of political clientelism, i.e., through the phenomenon of caudillismo. Both factors meant serious trouble for power centralization at a national level. In this paper it is proposed seeing these phenomena taking into serious account the cultural values that constitute them. The clash between the State and the caudillos should be seen through a historical and comprehensive perspective of the nature of political clientelism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academia: Revista Latinoamericana de Administración is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to analize the potencialities and weakness of the Latin American Insitutions in general, and in particular the problems of the argentinians ones. The 2001 Argentinian crisis set up a new discourse in wich the actaull government legitimice itself. However, the process of the crisis show a very interesting relashionship betwen Crisis, Representation and democracy wich we want to work on looking for the potentilities of the of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Sociológicos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of EURE is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explores a minimalist approach to the recently created Community of South American Nations. Based on the experience of the currently weakened process of integration it argues that the principles of concentration, gradualism and concreteness are essential to future actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales is the property of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales is the property of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study takes stock of the institutional reform of monetary policy in Latin America since the early 1990s. It argues that strengthening the legal independence of central banks, together with macroeeonomic policies, was instrumental in reducing inflation from three-digit annual rates in the 1990s to single-digit territory in 2004. The paper also discusses the main challenges of monetary policy today, namely, achieving price stability, restoring market confidence in domestic currencies, and sticking to policy consistency despite adverse effects of the volatility of capital flows. Finally, recurrent banking crises and lack of fiscal discipline are identified as the main risks for the success of monetary policy in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academia: Revista Latinoamericana de Administración is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economía Institucional is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of the rice hull is minimal in most of the Latin American countries and only a small portion is used as fertilizer or fuel. However, products of rice hull obtained by pyrolysis can be useful for abrasive and refractory products based on silicon carbide (SIC). Recently some applications have been developed to use SiC as reinforcement for metallic alloys for metal matrix composites. This paper reports the synthesis of short fibers and small particles of SiC obtained by controlled combustion of rice hull. The SiC synthesis was performed in a gas furnace, designed during the research. This process was optimized by an experimental design which included as variables the temperature, pyrolysis time, the type of catalyst, and process atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is a study outline about the behaviour and consequences of the global effect in the maritime transport and ports in Latin America and the Caribbean. In this article are analysed the features of the process and the specific particularities of the fleet and ports activity, according to the geographic area, with a special interest in the Central American and the Caribbean regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Gerencia y Políticas de Salud is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The introduction to technologies of information and communications in the processes of academic peer-reviewed information exchange will necessarily produce a change from the paper pattern to the electronic one. CENIC Journals, Biological Sciences and Chemical Sciences, were the first Cuban journals to be published in CD-ROM. However, the need for indexation of the serial publications from the Ministry of Higher Education in full text database in Internet, with the aim of obtaining a wider visibility of Cuban science, has been manifested. This paper had the aim of knowing the opinion of authors and readers of CENIC journals, about the kind of full text database available in the World Wide Web where they should appear, as well as evaluating the skills of the researchers for search, recovery, organization and elaboration of electronic documents, and basis of these analysis to create the procedures for the publication of CENIC Journals in Internet and its incorporation to Fuente Académica database, belonging to EBSCO Host, one of the most prestigious database at international level. The researchers with the degree of PhD in sciences propose the publication of CENIC journals "in electronic pattern in prestigious database". On the other hand, researchers from all scientific degrees coincide in "not recommending" the publication of only the electronic version this is , they coincide in the need for keeping the printed version, and only the researchers with a lower rank propose "to increase the run" The culture of work with remote database handlers of bibliographic references and personal digitalized libraries from the researchers and members from the CNIC Board Committee was assessed as BAD or FAIR. An the basis of the personal opinions collected the procedure for the publication of CNIC Scientific Journals was performed in WWW, used in the EBSCO project' Digital Journals for the popularization of Science and Technology for Latin America and the Caribbean" [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is assumed with a intercultural focus of Law, from the political sociology and the juridical sociology. A question is pointed out in front of the democracy in Latin-America and another to the juridical pluralism and its cultural sense, trying to be located in a creative local place where these two questions seem to have partial answer. It is sought in last to put in question the modern myth of the law to assume another next myth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Relaciones Laborales is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Contemporary democracies are complex configurations which include, among other Institutional variants, systems of government. In the decade of the nineties, and with special reference to latinamerican democracies, the nature of the relationship between the type of governmental system and the consolidation as to stability and governability of democracies has been discussed. This paper analyzes the arguments used In these debates In reference to latinamerican presidentialism. The positions of Linz, Valenzuela and other researchers as to the negative impact of presidentialism in political practices and processes in latinamerican democracies are considered. The positions of Mainwaring and Shugart with reference to other Institutional variations that affect the efficacy of presidential democracies, are also examined. Finally, the contextual and historic focus of the researchers associated with Nohlen and the University of Heidelberg are considered. The conclusion establishes the principal areas of convergence and divergence between these three positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]