In Argentina, some works imply, as an unavoidable process, the disappearance of the rural towns, mainly in the "Pampa" region. Although this statement is true, it does not mean that the tendency is unambiguous; on the contrary, differentiated demographic dynamics of rural towns can be identified, which are strongly linked to the characteristics of production systems and the possibilities of non - agrarian jobs, with a combination of incomes and a seasonal / temporary working mobility. Within the framework of this discussion about the rural world, the need to understand the processes of change that are taking place emerges, which rescues the social, cultural and production realities of the rural communities. Therefore, this paper aims at understanding the changes that are affecting the towns and rural population in an extensive "rionegrino" territory: "La Linea Sur" (The South Line). Through the assessment of case studies, the differentiating tendencies are analysed in order to prove the growth or decline of towns, the development of pluri - activity forms of development and their connection with de - agriculturization processes of the rural world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]