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Background: The test for evaluating phonological simplification processes (TEPROSIF, according to its initials in Spanish) is a tool which is used to identify dyslalias. Our objective was to establish, by using TEPROSIF, the association between dyslalias and malocclusion in children from 4 to 6 years of age. Methods: After we standardized the tool with a kappa of 0.9, we applied it to 116 children from 4 to 6 years of age. Patients were conducted to a central occlusion through deglutition. We observed type of bite, overbite, oclussion and terminal plane in order to relate them to the dyslalia presented. For statistical analysis, we used Χ² test (p < 0.05). Results: They were 55 (47.4 %) boys and 61 (52.6 %) girls, with a median age of 5 years ± 0.71. Phoneme substitution was the most common alteration. We found significant correlation between omission of the phonemes and terminal plane (p = 0.01), Baume type I arch (p = 0.00) and absence of teeth (p = 0.00), as well as between phoneme substitution and terminal plane (p = 0.03), bite type (p = 0.01) and absence of teeth (p = 0.00). Conclusions: Phoneme substitution is the most common alteration, followed by omission and distortion of phonemes in children between 4 and 6 years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The neurolinguistic diagnosis of dysarthria is typical in cases of ataxia and cerebellar syndromes, as consequence of motor disorders that disrupt the motor program preventing the correct completion and coordination of joint movements, velar, of the vocal chords, of the thoracic cage. Within this context, dysprosody plays an important social role, which is the focus of an integral strategy for language development, that starts from a detailed evaluation of language itself. The main objective of this paper was to characterize language and to determine dysprosody variations, starting from an intervention strategy designed for this purpose in 32 ataxic patients. Method: The strategy was developed during a minimum cycle of 28 days. To analyze the language characterization, the percentage, mean and mode were applied and for therapy the ICARS items related to language. All data were processed with the non parametric Wilcoxon test. Results: The results showed that coordination difficulties have a repercussion on language; significant statistical changes were obtained after the application of a strategy aimed to dysprosody applied in a systematic way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the association between the number of teeth prematurely lost in the anterosuperior sector and disorders in the articulation of fricative phonemes. Material and method: A descriptive cross-sectional study in a sample of 30 pre-school age children was done. We performed a dental examination to record the conditions of the anterosuperior sector including the premature loss of the tooth or of the clinical crown by caries or trauma. We had also the diagnosis of language therapist, which included several alterations of speech through the test of Melgar. We employed the Chi-square statistical test to determine the association of variables. Results: We found the association between the phonological changes in the fricative phonemes F, S, Z and the premature loss of anterosuperior teeth, but not of the fricative phonemes J , Y . Conclusions: Relationship exists between the alteration of fricative phonemes F, S, Z and the premature loss of anterosuperior teeth, but not of fricative phonemes J, Y. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]