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Copyright of Lilloa is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geominas is the property of FUNDA-GEOMINAS. (Fundacion de Egresados d Amigos de la Escuela de Ingenieria Geologica y de Minas) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saber, Ciencia y Libertas is the property of Saber, Ciencia y Libertad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The foundation of the Universidad Nacional de los Estados Unidos de Colombia in 1868 occurred almost a decade after the publication of Darwin's Origin of Species (1859); in the Escuela de Ciencias Naturales, courses were given that included themes of plant geography, geology and paleontology. ¿Would these courses follow the paradigm of natural history inherited from the botanical expedition of the Nuevo Reino de Granada, or would they be contextualized in the modern biological tradition, interpreting nature within the background of evolutionary theories that emerged during the 19th century? This investigation consulted primary and secondary historical sources to determine if between 1868 and 1875, the mentioned courses had an essentialist-catastrophist, or a Lamarckian or Darwinian evolutionist background. The analysis allowed us to conclude that these courses had as primary sources French and Spanish texts, particularly De Candolle and Orbigny, and circumscribed to the mainly catastrophic and essentialist French school. Although the courses could discuss some issues related to the origin of species, surely, they did not do so in a Darwinian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Procesos: Revista Ecuatoriana de Historia is the property of Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar, Sede Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of renewable energy sources has increased exponentially worldwide. Cuba has implemented a program until 2030 where renewable sources play a fundamental role within the national energy matrix. The policy regarding the installation of solar plants has been to connect small plants of up to 5 MW, mainly in distribution networks. In this work an optimization algorithm is developed to identify the best connection points of small solar plants in distribution networks. The algorithm solves the problem through a power flow combined with a full N-P allocation model. The goal of the algorithm is obtaining the best points to connect solar plants in buses of a radial distribution network at to minimize total active power losses or the deviation of voltage profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The flora and vegetation studies that have been carried out in the El Retiro Natural Reserve have been limited to some of its sectors, so there is still no information regarding the structure of it's plant formations and the relationship between them. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was characterize the vegetation of this protected area. The following aspects were analyzed: dominant species, stratification and distribution in all types of vegetation. It obtained a map with a greater level of detail of the distribution of the plant formation in the area. Seven types of vegetation were identified, of which the secondary scrub in semideciduous microphyll forest ecotopes and the secondary scrub in coastal and precoastal scrub ecotopes resulted in new vegetation records for the reserve. The coastal and precoastal scrub and the semideciduous microphyll forest were the richest plant formations in number of species and endemic. In the biological similarity analysis, these turned out to be the ones with the highest affinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to characterize the vegetation of the montane yunga forests in the south of the Río Abiseo National Park (La Sata sector), we installed 14 0.1 ha plots in four vegetation types: grassland, forests with trampled understory, forest on slope and remnant forest. The first three forests had a variable anthropogenic use before the establishment of the national park in 1983. We calculated Woody plant abundance basal área and the distribution of Woody plants by diameter and height classes, we also determined the importance value index for each species. We registered 96 especies (in 48 genera and 33 families) in the four vegetation types. The most species rich families were Asteraceae, Chloranthaceae, Cyatheaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae Rubiaceae, Piperaceae and Rosaceae. The most abundant species were Weinmannia latifolia C. Presl, followed by Miconia aff. firma J. F. Macbr. and Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult. The most species rich genera were Cyathea, Miconia, Persea, Axinaea, Solanum and Piper. The distribution by diameter classes showed reversed-J distribution for all forests studied, suggesting an adequate regeneration process. Ecologically important species included Escallonia myrtilloides, Weinmannia latifolia, Miconia cf. neriifolia, Miconia aff. jahnii, Myrsine coriacea and Gynoxis cf. congestiflora. Our results showed that the floristic patterns for the La Sata forests are similar in composition and structure to other forest present in this ecosystem in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The case of an arid Northwest city of Mexico is studied with the general objective of assessing the influence of the percentage of vegetation cover (VC) in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and mapping its spatial distribution, through a geographic information system using remote sensing data. Results showed: 1) on average, 12% (min. 0 to max. 59%) of a city block is covered with vegetation, 38% of the blocks had % VC ≤ 10; 2) the LST regression model estimated temperatures range from 37 to 45°C, the main explanatory variable was % VC, increasing % VC in 10 is associated with cooling effect of 1.1 °C. The spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of LST can be interpreted as the human effect modifying the climate on a small scale; this creates internal diurnal oasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala is the property of Universidad del Valle de Guatemala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ingeniería (0121-750X) is the property of Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A simulation model is presented as a platform for experimentation in the logistics of the operation of a smallscale manufacturing / distribution chain, aimed especially at students and professionals involved in its planning, design and operation. In the construction of the model, several methods were involved: simulation based on agents and discrete events, in addition to the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS). The iterative use of the model allows evaluating the performance of different scenarios that are presented in the real world. It also allows analyzing different situations to develop skills and competencies for decision making under uncertainty related to size of the transport fleet, system capacity of production, geographical coverage of service to the demand and appropriate location of the manufacturing/distribution plant using a typical example of the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distribution of the plant (layout), is a powerful strategy that brings with it the minimization of the total costs associated with the flow of raw materials and inputs in the organizations. Consequently, this research work aims to analyze the scientific production on Plant Distribution, using metrics to quantitatively show this production. To obtain data, the Redalyc search engine was used, which showed a sample of 79 articles, over a period of 10 years, from 2007 to 2017. Once the information was tabulated, statistical analyzes were carried out using indicators bibliometric supported on 8 metrics. Finally, the results indicate that the university that has produced the most production on this subject is the Technological University of Pereira in its journal Scientia Et Technica. In the same way, these contributions were made in articles with a number of three authors. Likewise, Colombia is the largest producer of articles and were developed in 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: The geographical distribution of Tillandsia recurvata ranges from the southern United States to the center of the Argentine. The aim of this work is to report the presence of this species 200 km south of its known distribution and to discuss the causes that may have led to this range expansion. M & M: Specimens were collected in different locations in the province of Buenos Aires. Herbaria collections, on-line databases and bibliography were analyzed to corroborate the taxonomic identification and the distribution limit of the species. Results: We present novel records of Tillandsia recurvata that extend its geographic distribution 200 km towards the South, being the locality of Tandil the southernmost site of occurrence. Conclusions: Because the dates of collection and observations are recent, we consider that this advance occurred in the last decades. Possible causes are discussed, such as climate change and lignification of the Pampas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plant hormones are signaling molecules that are localized in different plant tissues and in specific amounts according to the process that they regulate. Changes in the concentration and distribution of plant hormones modulate the development and responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Autophagy, which means self-digestion, is a mechanism that degrades damaged or toxic components that arise from the metabolism, in order to recycle them and maintain the health of the cell. The most studied type of autophagy is macroautophagy which will be referred in this review as autophagy. In this process, double membrane vesicles called autophagosomes are formed to enclose damaged or unwanted cell cargo, which is later deposited for its degradation into the vacuole, from where the cell recovers amino acids, lipids and proteins. Indeed, communication between plant hormones and autophagy has been observed during development and growth, senescence and programmed cell death. In this review we discuss the advances in the understanding of the role of plant hormones involved in the modulation of autophagy in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presenta información acerca del Balanophoraceae, un tipo de planta floreciendo, incluyendo Helosis cayennensis; sus características físicas y su distribución geográfica.

Se presenta información acerca de Gochnatieae, un subfamilia de la familia del aster, incluyendo su distribución geográfica en México y sus diferentes especies, incluyendo Nahuatlea hypoleuca y Nahuatlea magna.

Copyright of Lilloa is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There are numerous maps of the spontaneous vegetation of Argentina. However, a country-level map with enough detail to discriminate vegetation units within the phytogeographic provinces described by Cabrera (1976) is lacking. We analyzed vegetation descriptions published in recent decades, with special attention to those that produced physiognomic-floristic maps. As a result of this analysis, here we present a physiognomic-floristic map of spontaneous vegetation of Argentina that shows the heterogeneity within phytogeographic provinces. The map has 50 vegetation units as subdivisions of the phytogeographic ecotone and provinces early described, and a brief physiognomic-floristic description of each ecotone, province and vegetation unit. We propose a nomenclature of each vegetation unit based on dominant type of spontaneous vegetation and characteristic species and present digital cartographic material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presenta información acerca de la familia Aristolochiaceae, un grupo de plantas florecidas, incluyendo su distribución geográfica y sus varias especies, como A. brevipes, A. elegans y A. foetida.

Se presenta información acerca de varias especies de plantas de Montiaceae, un tipo de planta floreciendo, así como su distribución geográfica.

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se presenta información acerca de varias especies de plantas de Sterculiaceae, un tipo de planta floreciendo, así como su distribución geográfica.

Se presenta información acerca de varias especies de plantas, incluyendo Gramineae y Muhlenbergia, así como su distribución geográfica.

The mega phytodiversity of Peru includes native species of all types; among them are fruit trees, which despite having been consumed forthousands of years, still have not been subject to research to validate their use. Further research on these native species could determine whether the fruits being consumed surpass the quantity and quality of vitamins, mineral salts, and anthocyanin pigments. Thus, the aim of this study was the realization of a taxonomic, phytogeographic, and ethnobotanical inventory of the fruit trees in northern Peru. This research was realized through specimen collections made during botanical explorations of northern Peru. Later a critical revision of the specialized bibliography was conducted, and the findings reinforced with information obtained through personal experience and that of local and regional inhabitants. Forty-five species are reported, distributed among 18 families, chiefly in Ericaceae (7 species), Myrtaceae (6 species), Cactaceae (4 species), Solanaceae (4 species), Caricaceae (3 species), Passifloraceae (3 species), and Rosaceae (3 species). Of the species inventoried, 29 species (64%) are eaten in a raw or natural form, while 16 species (36%) are consumed raw or processed in jelly, marmalade, frozen, wine, juice, custards, and puddings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presenta información acerca de Equisetaceae, un tipo de planta terrestre, incluyendo su distribución geográfica y su uso en medicinas.

The definition of limits of any geographic unit, based in the physiography of the landscape, is useful at the moment of developing environmental management politics and guidelines. Several authors have divided the Argentine Republic into regions according to the characteristics of native vegetation. The resulting units are known as phytogeographic provinces. The Monte Phytogeography Province is one of the largest ecoregions of the country and is defined as a unit where the environmental aspects are complex and difficult to categorize. In the present paper, a review of the limits of this phytogeographic province is made, according to bibliographic records of different authors. Survey trips were made and the collected data was georeferenced. A geographic information system was created with geodata and through records analysis, field work and adopting several criteria for its evaluation; the adjusted limits for the ecoregion were adjusted. A new map of the Monte Phytogeography Province is proposed for its use as input in the application of politics in the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salvia is the biggest genus from Lamiceae, with almost 900 species. In Argentina it is represented by 23 taxa (20 species, one subspecies, and two varieties), four of these are adventive taxa, the rest are native, and one of these is endemic. Species are distributed predominantly in the north region of the territory, reaching the provinces of La Pampa and Mendoza as the southern limit of its distribution. Each of the 23 Salvia taxa present in Argentina is described and illustrated, and a key for their identification is presented. Three new synonyms are proposed, Salvia borjensis new synonym of Salvia nervosa, Salvia durifolia new synonym of Salvia ovalifolia var. ovalifolia and Salvia alba new synonym of Salvia personata, and ten lectotypes are designated for: Salvia approximata, S. arenaria, S. ovalifolia var. villosa, S. pallida, S. procurrens, S. reflexa, S. serrata, S. stachydifolia, S. uliginosa, and Salvia sect. Pycnosphace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Azorella is a genus with 26 species of Azorelloideae (Apiaceae) that grow from Costa Rica to the subantartic islands, being distintive and dominant in different environments of the Andean Cordilleras from Venezuela to Patagonia. The species of Azorella that grow in Argentina have been revised taxonomically in a previous study. However, knowledge of the remaining species is fragmentary and uneven. The aim of this paper is to update and standardize the information of the 11 species of Azorella absent in Argentina and present in Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and/or Venezuela. We provide descriptions for those species and update distributional maps, and we solve nomenclatural and typification problems for 41 names, designating 2 type species, 16 lectotypes and 1 neotype. In addition, we provide 10 new illustrations, and an identification key for all the species of the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cortaderia hieronymi and C. peruviana have been considered as two different species. However, different authors differ in their morphological limits and their geographical distribution. A Principal Components Analysis based on characters traditionally used to delimit these species did not show discrete groupings for each taxon. In addition, the study of type species and their original descriptions, complemented with field studies, allows to establish that C. peruviana is part of the morphological variability of C. hieronymi; therefore, their synonymy is proposed herein. A detailed characterization and geographic distribution of the species is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of recent floristic studies in the highlands of Peru, we report twelve species for the Peruvian flora, such as Senecio aquilaris Cabrera, Jalcophila boliviensis Anderb. & S.E. Freire, Jalcophila ecuadorensis M.O. Dillon & Sagást., Senecio aquilaris Cabrera, Werneria spathulata Wedd., Xenophyllum pseudodigitatum (Rockh.) V.A. Funk (Asteraceae), Draba alyssoides Humb. & Bonpl., Draba loayzana Al–Shehbaz, Petroravenia friesii (O.E. Schulz) Al–Shehbaz Petroravenia werdermannii (O.E. Schulz) Al–Shehbaz, Rorippa beckii Al–Shehbaz, Weberbauera cymosa Al– Shehbaz (Brassicaceae) and Stellaria weddellii Pedersen (Caryophyllaceae). Type information, geographical distribution and habitat characteristics are presented for each taxon. Some phytogeographical aspects are discussed based upon these floristic novelties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a study on the flora and vegetation from different localities in the phytogeographic province of the Yungas, we record and illustrate seven species that have not been previously reported for the Province of Jujuy (Argentina): Vallea stipularis (Elaeocarpaceae), Escallonia schreiteri (Escalloniaceae), Cyclopogon congestus, Rhinocidium fuchsii, Sacoila secundiflora (Orchidaceae), Campyloneurum angustipaleatum (Polypodiaceae) and Adiantum camptorachis (Pteridaceae). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on morphological, anatomical, and phylogenetic studies within subfamily Allioideae, a new circumscription of tribe Leucocoryneae is presented including six American genera: Beauverdia, Ipheion, Leucocoryne, Nothoscordum, Tristagma and Zoellnerallium. A synopsis of tribe Leucocoryneae, comprising its description (as amended), a key to tribes, a key to genera within Leucocoryneae, genera descriptions and their geographical distribution are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo discurre sobre la familia de plantas florecidas Ochnaceae. Los autores describen algunas de las características de esta familia, incluyendo los estambres, las semillas y los sépalos. También se analizan varios tipos de Ochnaceae, incluyendo Ouratea curvata, Ouratea gigantophylla, y Ouratea lucens, incluyendo su distribución geográfica y su periodo de floración.

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El artículo discurre sobre la familia de plantas florecidas Asteraceae tribu mutisieae. Los autores describen algunas de las características de esta familia, incluyendo la inflorescencia, las hojas y los sépalos. También se analizan varios tipos de Asteraceae , incluyendo Acourtia carpholepis, Acourtia dugesii y Acourtia hidalgoana, incluyendo su distribución geográfica y su periodo de floración.

El artículo discurre sobre la distribución, el origen y los usos ornamentales de la planta mexicana el maguey. El autor comenta sobre los magueyes en Oaxaca y Puebla y describe otros usos como usos textiles, medicinales y para hacer la bebida alcohólica pulque. El artículo provee varias imágenes de la planta.

El artículo discurre sobre la familia de plantas florecidas Commelinaceae. Los autores describen algunas de las características de esta familia, incluyendo las raíces fibrosas, las hojas y los sépalos. También se analizan varios tipos de Commelinaceae, incluyendo Callisia fragrans, Callisia monandra y Callisia multiflora, incluyendo su distribución geográfica y su periodo de floración.

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Population assessment results from Chalybea macrocarpa are shown, the specie is considerate ENDANGERED (EN) by its restricted area, threatened is generated by crops and extensive cattle farming. The study was conducted in the Boyacá department (Colombia), municipality of Arcabuco, in three established localities using herbarium and literature information; field work made possible identified distribution, density and phenology like sub criteria, allowing identify the presence extension and occupancy area. We took structural data (height, coverage and DBH) to determinate the population age's classes. Whit the gathered information and the associated vegetation, the specie is recategorized with the B IUCN criteria. It is distributed to the northwest and southern in Arcabuco, in an area of 59.9 km², 4 km² of occupancy and a population density of 50 individual/km². Flowering and fruiting is continuous through the year, however, most of the flowering is from March to August and fruitingfrom Septemberto February. Age structure allows identified ten species between seedlings, juveniles and adults. Population is represented by few seedling individuals (10.6 %) and juveniles (20.9 %) versus adults (68.5 %). Finally, C. macrocarpa is upgraded to Critical Risk (CR B1ab (iii)). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]