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Introduction: Introduction: this study presents the results regarding diet and an analysis of natural estrogens (phytoestrogens) intake and how they affect other important aspects, which can modulate biological health functions among university students. Objectives: assessing nutritional habits and estimating the intake of phytoestrogens in the population under study. Materials and methods: Costa Rican female (n: 211, 18.83 ± 2.06 years) and male (n: 199, 19.64 ± 3.05 years) university population of the University of Costa Rica applied anthropometric tests using DEXA, the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and the 24-hour Reminder (R-24). Results: the most serious nutritional bad habits were high ingestion of sodium, lipids and animal origin proteins in men and women and a deficit of fiber and folic acid in women. The total intake of phytoestrogens referred to: daidzein 0.23 ± 0.40 mg/day and 7.01 ± 11.94 mg/month in women and 0.17 ± 0.13 mg/day and 5.14 ± 3.96 mg/month in men; mainly consumed in the form of lignans 0.24 ± 0.12 mg/day (women) and 0.23 ± 0.14 mg/day (men). The intake of isoflavones was 0.09 ± 0.38 mg/day (women) and 0.04 ± 0.08 mg/day (men). Conclusions: The study population presented high fat percentage although the consumption of vegetables, cereals, whole grains and fruits tends slightly to be a Mediterranean diet; their food pattern was much closer to the Western diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article studies the substantive principles of university autonomy and the changes in the concept from the Manifiesto Liminar to the contemporary understanding of autonomy, which is based on two types: procedural autonomy and substantive autonomy. It also discusses the role of authorities, professors and students, and the pressures of the State and society and their demand for accountability and transparency in the management of resources allocated to higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study consisted of a first diagnosis for the recreation area of the Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), by means of the application of interviews to the personnel in charge of the cultural and sports program of the institution. From the results of this diagnosis, an organizational proposal was designed and presented, that included basic administrative aspects like: the mission, the vision, objectives, structure within the institution (organizational chart), as well as the respective regulation oriented to give functionality to the recreation area. It is important to emphasize that the student population will be the one that directly benefits from the projects that the recreation area puts into place. Thus this population is considered important in the development of this project. For these effects, a questionnaire is applied to the UNED students of the San José University Center, with the objective to obtain different criteria and opinions about the recreational activities. The answers that arise from this study show the interests and agreement of the students. It will serve two purposes. It will be used as a basis for future recreational projects, specifically in the San José University Center, and it will generate greater evidence about the necessity of a recreation area in the University, which fortifies the justification of the proposal and the recommendations of the present project. This document establishes a precedent of importance for all those institutions that wish to fortify or create a recreation area, since it orients the process of how to do it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of quantitative study, descriptive and transverse. The sample was of 214 students that studied their fourth year on the nursing degree. They answered a questionnaire which was previously validated. The study evidenced that students possess certain factors that protect them against drug usage or the advance of drug habits; but at the same time they have risk factors which must be taken into consideration in prevention programs, such as: non-healthy life styles and drug abuse in people close to them, be it family, friends or classmates. Also we found that the used drug's profile, was similar to the one found nationally and internationally; in the first place of drug usage was alcohol, followed by tobacco, then by marijuana and cocaine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following text comes from the research of teachers that work in the institutions of the education system and are concerned about the renewal of their pedagogical practices. The purpose of this renewal is to give their students -children and teenagers- a way to apply their knowledge with new forms of artistic expression. The methodology applied in this research is mentioned in the article. The methodology is divided into "phases" that facilitate spaces for thought; these spaces allow the appraisal of the teacher's work through the qualitative focus that encourages action research in the classroom. This article also mentions the foundations of a pedagogical practice for the construction of new meanings for the work of students and teachers in and out of the school's context. Finally, it offers some methodological proposals specially targeted towards fine arts teachers in secondary school. These proposals may also be adapted to other student populations. The latter can be achieved by planning projects about improving the artistic experiences of the participants of the learning processes. This text is expected to make the organization of research work for innovation inside the classroom easier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]