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This paper analyses psychological adjustment and checks a suggested theoretical model that relates the presence of psychopathological symptoms to a worse health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adult adoptees. The sample consisted of 177 young adopted adults (mean age 27.67). Measures of psychopathological symptoms (SCL-90), quality of life (SF-12), self-esteem (RSES), and resilience (BRS) were taken. The multiple mediation model shows that, in addition to the direct association between psychopathological symptomatology and a poorer HRQOL, resilience, and self-esteem have a buffering effect on this relationship. As a conclusion, empirical evidence of the impact of mental health difficulties on the HRQOL of adopted people is shown. The presence of positive psychological resources, such as resilience and self-esteem, causes psychopathological dimensions, such as anxiety, depression, phobias, or psychoticism to decrease. This paper supports the inclusion of resilience-building programs as a health promotion strategy, especially in the case of psychopathology, and among post-adoption services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to describe the personality in prison population and compare them with a sample from the general population in Ecuador. With this aim, the following instruments were administered in an individual session: the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). The results showed that there are significant differences between jail inmates and the general population in all measures. Antisocial and paranoid personality characteristics were the most prevalent in jail inmates; in addition, they presented higher levels of aggression and impulsivity. Regarding the presence of psychopathology, the higher prevalence of anxiety, delusions, and dependence on substances and alcohol should be underlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnitude and impact of mental disorders does not correspond to the resources devoted to research and attention. Although we have made significant progress in their understanding and the efficacy of the psychological treatments, we are still far from an optimal situation. This paper focuses on one of the major issues which we consider fundamental challenges and needs in this area, the increase in research focusing on psychopathology, especially on the mechanisms and processes that explain and maintain mental disorders, as a key point for the design and development of new psychological interventions for the prevention, treatment, and promotion of mental health. The aim is to promote discussion among all stakeholders and debate on those lines we think as a priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores neosexism during adolescence and its relationships with psychopathological symptoms and personality traits. The purpose of this study is three-fold: 1) to assess possible gender differences in neosexism, 2) to study the concomitant relationships between neosexism and psychopathological symptoms, behavioural problems, personality traits, cooperativeness, social skills, self-esteem/self-concept, and feelings of happiness, and 3) to identify the predictive variables of high neosexism. The sample consists of 322 adolescents aged 14 to 17. The study uses a correlational methodology. Nine instruments were used for the assessment of variables. ANOVA results showed gender differences in neosexism, with significantly higher scores in males. Pearson coefficients suggested that adolescents of both genders with high neosexism have many psychopathological symptoms (including phobic anxiety, psychoticism and total positive symptoms), many behavioural problems (academic and social adjustment difficulties), low self-concept, low level of cooperativeness, low level of social skills, high overconfidence, jealous loneliness, low emotional stability, low sociability, and low responsibility. Multiple regression analyses allowed the identification of the following variables as predictive of neosexism: high overconfidence, low level of cooperativeness, and low social adjustment. The role played by intervention programs promoting socialization and gender equality in the prevention of sexism is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]