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This paper adopts the Council of Europe political view of care need. This is defined in psychosocial terms and takes place within a socio-medical framework. Obviously, people may be in need of care for a number of reasons such as becoming old or with disability or a combination of both situations. Thus, regardless of these reasons, what appears is a population having difficulties to get by with basic daily activities. Therefore, the bigger the change in the social structures of the living-together, the higher the need of care. Likewise, the less developed the social services, particularly the so-called socio-medical space, the more vulnerable the people in need of care. With respect to the prospects of the 1999 Survey on Deficiencies, Disabilities and Health Conditions, we think that if an efficient National Care Need System is not developed the biological success attained in the past century will be followed by a resounding social failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]