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BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease in which there is low bone mass and a high risk of fracture that deteriorate the quality of life of postmenopausal patients, antiresorptive therapy, calcium and vitamin D are the main therapy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of the complementary administration of vitamin D at doses of 4000 IU/day (Histofil®) added to antiresorptive therapy (bisphosphonates vs denosumab) and calcium carbonate 1.2 g per day in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis of Regional Hospital 1° de Octubre, ISSSTE, Mexico City. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Longitudinal and analytical experimental study carried out from January 2018 to July 2019 in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and antiresorptive therapy (bisphosphonates, denosumab or both), calcium carbonate plus vitamin D (Caltrate +D) for at least 12 months, 97.2% had hypovitaminosis D (concentrations lesser than 30 ng/dL), vitamin D 4000 IU (Histofil®) was added for 12 months. RESULTS: One hundred and five patients were included. The results of bone mineral density were in the hip before supplementation and after, respectively: T score -1.90 ± 0.86 vs -1.50 ± 0.92; p = 0.003, while in the column T-score -2.70 ± 0.67 vs T-score -2.20 ± 1.55; p ≤ 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: The administration and serum measurement of vitamin D (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) are highly relevant to assess the adequate response to the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamin D has acquired importance due to its transcendental role in the metabolic functions of the human body, particularly in the maintenance of calcium homeostasis and bone health. Its deficiency causes secondary hyperparathyroidism, accelerated bone turnover, bone loss or alterations in mineralization leading to osteoporosis or, in the case of a long-lasting and severe deficiency, osteomalacia. Vitamin D also has effects on the immune system, the microendocrine system of the vasculature and in the prevention of various types of cancer. Its deficiency is associated with cardiovascular, autoimmune, oncological and infectious diseases and with complications in pregnancy, congenital alterations and poor results in assisted reproduction. The evaluation of vitamin D concentrations in high-risk populations and the treatment of hypovitaminosis are measures that should be carried out by physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Day by day, vitamin D becomes more important, not only in the field of nutrition, but in several fields, being immunology one of the most important, because it is related to some regulatory mechanisms. Because the synthesis of vitamin D starts from exposure to UV rays, it is extremely important to maintain adequate serum levels of vitamin D and avoid predisposition to several diseases; however, when this is not possible, due to chronic renal disease or prolonged stays in shaded areas, will be required vitamin D supplementation. This vitamin D supplementation has been associated with a decreased risk of certain diseases, as well as an improvement in their prognosis, such as diabetes mellitus type 1, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, vascular diseases such as hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, cerebral vascular event, as well as dementias, headaches, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and even infections; so, their role is no longer limited to calcium and phosphorus metabolism, but nowadays it is related to multiple systems described and missing to be described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe burn injury represents a special trauma leading to major systemic dysfunctions such a bone loss, mineral disruptions, myopathy and immunosuppression. Burn patients are at high risk of hypovitaminosis D. Burn injury gives rise to calcium wasting, failure of bone to take up calcium, and vitamin D insufficiency. In this context vitamin D supplementation could help counteract post-burn sequelae. The aim of this paper is to review the current concepts on vitamin D metabolism with special focus in burn patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with pleiotropic effects in inmmunity, endotelial and mucosal functions and in glucose and calcium metabolism. Tissue demand for vitamin D increase during infection, metabolic disturbances and inflammation. Vitamin D deficiency is rarely considered or treated in critically ill patients, but recent studies in the intensive-care unit reveals a high prevalence of hipovitaminosis D associated with increase of mortality and adverse outcomes. The cause of hipovitaminosis D in the critically ill is probably secondary to limited exposure to sunlight and altered vitamin D and parathyroid metabolism. Vitamin D supplementation is necessary in the critically ill but failure of conventional vitamin D supplementation in correcting deficiency has called for studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a highdose regime in critically ill patients. The aim of this paper is to review de current concepts relating to the role of vitamin D in the critically ill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In obese patients with metabolic syndrome are decreased serum concentrations of vitamin D, the intra-abdominal fat deposition favors this and hypovitaminosis. objective: To document the insulin resistance through measurement of fasting insulin and glucose that allow for and value equation HOMA insulin sensitivity for subsequent statistical testing of correlation between vitamin D status and resistance to insulin in obese population of Juarez Hospital of Mexico. Patients and methods: Prospective, cross sectional, descriptive, open, experimental performed in patients who agreed to participate in the study protocol, after receiving detailed information about the purpose of the study patients were recruited from the outpatient internal medicine among March and June 2009 with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: We diagnosed 19 (63.3%) patients with metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria, 7 (23.3%) women and 12 (40%) men and 11 (36.7%) only with obesity, 10 (33.3% ) women and 1 (3.3%) men, who were compared with a control group of five healthy subjects with adequate height and weight and BMI less than 25. Conclusions: This work was conducted in order to know the status of vitamin D in the Hispanic population with an initial diagnosis of obesity. Important was the finding that a high percentage of patients who were obese only considered the defining criteria for metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is now generally accepted that the primary goal of osteoporosis management is to prevent fractures, which is accomplished by stopping bone loss and improving bone strength. Elderly postmenopausal women show a high prevalence of osteoporosis which in turn increases the risk of fracture. Men suffer of osteoporosis when either cortisone therapy is used or long periods of immobility. Antiresorptive drugs and bone anabolic are the two types for pharmacologic treatment; calcium and vitamin D should be considered adjuvant therapy for all individuals. Choice of treatment depends of age, the presence of fractures, and the degree of bone mineral density measured at the spine and hip. The main inconvenient for the adherence of treatment is the high cost of the medicaments as well as the poor information given to the patients. Probably one of the single most important factor for administering therapy for a condition that is largely asymptomatic is the patients compliance with the regimen that has been selected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]