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In this paper, transformations of internal links within the indigenous political field are explored, focusing on the last decades of the frontier. This period, in which the state progresses towards its political unification and institutional consolidation, state policies regarding Indian people show a more unified profile and aim to create the conditions necessary for the frontiers advance. The peace treaties policy, extended to almost the whole indigenous map, will be one of the devices through the state will attempt to canalize and to order its relations with different chiefs and groups. Our interest attempts to identify the probable conditionings and influences of this policy on the indigenous population at the conformation, strengthening and weakening of their political alliances. We intend specifically to reconstruct-within this context-the process of the Calfucurá's leadership, to identify the impact of state interventions over the extent of his political summoning capacity during this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the role of political organizations, the church, the state and labor unions in the leisure time of the workers in Northern Patagonia from the beginning of the 19"" century, up to the rise of peronismo. We discuss the strategies put into practice by such institutions, as related with the planning and consumption of their spare time. We also analyze each institution's interests, which went far beyond making themselves sure that the workers' could take better advantage of their leisure time. Far from that, these actors' actions were part of a wider strategy that could be combined with the one developed within the workers' world. In the case of political and labor unions' organizations, such actions were related with the spreading of ideas that could be useful to reinforce consciousness for class struggle, to build a new society and additionally, to strengthen trade union structures. The actions of the church, on the other hand, were oriented towards disciplining the working world, christianizing it, and indoctrinating catholic workers in a world of armonic relations between capital and labor and teaching them to reject alterations of the status quo and the workers' ways of participation typical of resistance societies. Finally, actions performed by the State attempted to control, regulate and discipline such workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]