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Copyright of Revista de Arquitectura (1657-0308) is the property of Universidad Catolica de Columbia, Facultad de Arquitectura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Caminho da Caiçara II archaeological site is located in the village of Cadoz Velho, a rural area in the municipality of Piripiri, Piauí, Brazil. It consists of a large vertical wall and a small sandstone block containing 101 rock paintings in red and yellow colors. There are abstract figures and human handprints, as well as a bird's footprint and a spear-thrower. There are rock engravings in the shape of cupules. This paper reports the results of in situ monitoring of environmental parameters such as ambient air temperature and relative humidity, rock temperature in areas with and without rock paintings, as well as the speed of the winds that reach the archaeological site under investigation. The experimental data obtained indicate that the thermal action on the pictorial films of the rock paintings from the Caminho da Caiçara II site is clearly more intense than in other nearby archaeological sites. Direct sunlight on the rock paintings for most of the day and year is the main agent responsible for the high heating of the pictorial films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to assess the deposition rates (Td) of mineral aeolian sediments in a forest patch in the semiarid Pampas agroecosystem and to analyze the seasonal variability of such deposition. The average Td was 520.15 kg ha-1 year-1 with high interannual variability. In spring-summer, Td was higher than in autumn-winter. Air temperature and average maximum wind speed influenced Td more significantly. However, the soil cover and management of the agricultural fields surrounding the forest would determine the production of sediment from wind erosion and consequent deposition within the forest. These results show the importance of maintaining forest patches within the agricultural matrix in the semi-arid environment, since they retain eolian sediments that would eventually be deposited on the forest soil, minimizing the negative impacts of wind erosion processes on these ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this work was to determine the influence of different components and dry temperature on quality and volatile loss during the development of an orange microencapsulated flavoring. A design expert experimental plan was applied, having as independent variable arabic gum, gelatine and water contents and as dependent variable particle size, efficiency and yield. The preparation method was as follow: dissolution of components in hot water and resting for 24 hours, adding the flavoring agent, homogenization and spray drying process with an air inlet temperature of 200 ºC cent and air outlet temperature of 85 ºC. Best quality results of the product were with the use of arabic gum 9.02%, gelatin 0.55%, maltodextrin 30% and liquid flavoring 10%. Particle size was 45.2 µm, efficiency of microencapsulation was 98.5%, process yielding was 84.2% and volatile compounds retention of 98.8%. Results of the sensory analysis were assessment as intense to very intense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal ecology of anurans in the Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil. Anurans regulate their body temperature through external heat sources. In this sense, the microhabitat used can influence this physiological process. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the body temperature of anuran species in the Caatinga domain and to correlate the possible variations to the different microhabitats used. For this, active searches were carried out during the day and night shifts, between August 2019 and May 2021. The frogs were captured manually to measure the cloacal temperature and then released. Substrate and air temperatures were also checked for associations with body temperature. In total, 420 frogs were captured, and the body temperature was obtained from 147 individuals of five species in the rainy season (Leptodactylus macrosternum, Scinax x-signatus, Rhinella granulosa, Rhinella diptycha and Pithecopus gonzagai), and from 273 individuals of four species in the dry season (L. macrosternum, S. x-signatus, R. granulosa and R. diptycha). In general, the highest body temperature averages (28.4-29.3°C) were observed in the rainy season for L. macrosternum, R. granulosa and R. diptycha. The most preferred microhabitats of anurans were soil and water. Finally, even though an association between body temperature and air temperature was found, substrate temperature proved to be the most important source of thermal regulation for most anuran species investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research study conducts a numerical analysis of torque in modified turbines with vortex generators (VGs) by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in 3D. Simulated torques are obtained for angular inclination variations of vortex generators located in the blades' extra-backs. This is performed at two different air temperatures. The results show that the maximum torque is at 10°C at a 30° vortex generator inclination angle, with a value of 8.5 Nm. The minimum torque is observed at 25°C with a 45° inclination angle, having a value of 4.2 Nm. In conclusion, the CFD simulation shows that at higher air temperature the lower the torque in the turbine, reducing the rotational mechanical power, and that vortex generators reduce turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) in the generated wind wake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study includes the temporal analysis of the levels of NO2, CO, and ground-level O3 measured in Lima Metropolitana between the years 2015 to 2018 and the relationship between them and with air temperature and solar radiation. For this, descriptive, correlational, and regression temporal analyzes were carried out using hourly records taken in different areas of the city. The levels of the gases evaluated were mainly below the Peruvian regulations and the World Health Organization's air quality guidelines, so their influence on the health of the population was not relevant. The hourly levels of these gases were bimodal and were influenced by vehicular traffic for NO2 and CO, and by solar radiation for ground-level O3; although, the latter may also have been influenced by its nocturnal movement. Daily behavior showed the so-called "weekend effect". The correlation analysis indicated a homogeneous behavior of the parameters between the evaluated areas; plus, there was a negative correlation between CO and ground-level O3. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between NO2 and CO; and between the meteorological factors with NO2 and ground-level O3. Finally, multiple linear regression models were generated that adequately estimated the historical values of ground-level O3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between the concentration of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter = 10 µm (PM10), meteorological variables (air temperature, relative humidity, UV index, and wind speed), and the concentration of total fungal spores in the outdoor air of Plaza San Martin in Lima was studied. The sampling of fungal spores was performed using a single-stage Andersen-type volumetric impact equipment; PM10 values were provided by the Mobile Station of La Colmena (PROTRANSPORTE - Municipality of Lima). The results show that the concentrations of PM10 were highest in the months of March and April, which coincide with the highest concentrations of total spores, and continuously decreased to a minimum in the months of June and July. PM10 concentration showed a strong positive correlation with total spore concentration. Regarding the influence of meteorological variables on the concentration of PM10, a non-significant positive correlation was found with wind speed (r = 0.727). Air temperature and UV index presented a positive correlation with a significance level p < 0.001. Concerning relative humidity (RH), PM10 presented a negative correlation with a significance level p < 0.05. Further studies are required to evaluate the concentrations of PM10 in relation to the concentrations of fungal spores in the atmosphere of San Martin Square. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between October 2014 and January 2021 was analyzed for climatological variables such as: air temperature (maximum and minimum), soil temperatures and relative humidity. In general, it was observed that the air temperature within the secondary forest had lows of 11°C and highs of 29.4°C; while in forest patches under restoration, differences were observed, below 12°C and close to 42°C. At maximum and minimum temperatures it was observed that the greatest oscillations were outside the secondary forest relict in patches under restoration (varying by 11°C, mean of 16.9°C vs. by 10°C, average of 16°C within the forest). The soil temperature is higher in patches under restoration and outside the forest (mean 18.2°C) than inside (mean 16.8°C), except in 2018; however, its variation overlaps in both sampling stations (outside 10.0-29.0°C and inside 11.0-25.0°C). Relative humidity was found to be higher (average 75.6%) within the secondary forested relict than outside in patches under restoration (average 71.4%); also within the secondary forested relict, values were observed between 28.0% and 100%, outside the forest in patches under restoration variations between 18.0% and 99.0% were noted, relative humidity data close to 20% were recorded in 2018, and close to 90-100% in 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the geographical descriptions of the Spanish cosmographers and chronicles of the 16th and 17th centuries, one can detect the first attempts at scientific theorizing about the empirical causes that explain the climate of the torrid and temperate zone of the New World, specifically for the southern hemisphere. In this way, in the works of Pedro Cieza de León and the Jesuits José de Acosta, Bernabé Cobo and Alonso de Ovalle, are presented the first indications of climatic principles deduced through experimentation and proposition of theories to explain the diverse climatic phenomenon observed in the New World. In this sense, these authors developed the first theories about precipitation, the moderating effect of the ocean, the vertical gradient of temperature and atmospheric pressure, and that they have not been sufficiently studied by current historiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala is the property of Universidad del Valle de Guatemala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Copernicus Climate Change Service, managed by the ECMWF, has provided new tools to explore climate change. These tools include the Copernicus Interactive Climate Atlas and the Climate Pulse. The Atlas allows visualization of climate data from various sources and time periods, while the Climate Pulse provides images of air and sea temperatures. These tools come at a time when unprecedented global temperatures have been recorded. The C3S aims to provide useful information about climate change to policymakers, businesses, and the general public. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Roca: Revista Científico-Educacional de la Provincia de Granma is the property of Universidad de Granma, Departamento Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The EUMETSAT Council has approved opening the vote to approve a new microsatellite system called EUMETSAT Polar System - Sterna (EPS-Sterna). This system would consist of a constellation of six microsatellites designed to observe atmospheric temperature and humidity. It is expected that the constellation will be deployed in 2029 and the mission will last until 2042. The temperature and humidity profiles provided by EPS-Sterna would improve the accuracy of global weather prediction models by increasing the number of available observations, especially in high latitudes. Additionally, EPS-Sterna is expected to be officially approved by the 30 member states of EUMETSAT in the spring of 2025. The climate crisis is causing longer days due to polar ice melting, which could affect internet traffic, financial transactions, and GPS. [Extracted from the article]

The air inlet temperature and feed flow rate of the spray drying were optimized to obtain a microencapsulated banana flavoring by means of a response surface factorial design, where an optimum was obtained with an air inlet temperature of 190 °C and a feed flow rate of 360 mL/h, with the use of gum arabic and maltodextrin (1:2 m/m) as encapsulating agents. According to the models 91.9% of yield was achieved; 3.8% humidity and 96.4% flavor retention. It was determined that the microencapsulated flavoring, produced with the optimized parameters, is of a high sensory quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Urban trees are essential since they generate multiple benefits to society, one of them is the mitigation of the urban heat island. The present work aims to obtain the thermal comfort produced by the arboreal vegetation in the downtown area of Bahía Blanca city. For this, Local Climate Zone of the study area was determined according to its characteristics and the percentage of vegetation cover was obtained using the online software I-tree Canopy. A survey of the street trees was also conducted to determine the most representative species. During the summer of 2020, measurements of air temperature and relative humidity were made under the canopy of fifteen trees, at 3:00 p.m., in 15 days typical of this thermal season. Then, by applying the vegetation comfort index, it was found that all the selected trees contribute to improve the thermal comfort of the population. However, there were differences among them, with Platanus acerifolia and Parasenegalia visco standing out for their higher magnitude and their impact on the decrease in air temperature under their canopies. In addition, problems related to street trees were identified and described, and finally proposals were established. These results allow to consider that, given the importance of trees in the urban microclimate, their coverage should be increased in the downtown area in order to contribute to thermal regulation during the summer. The need for regular maintenance work to avoid the problems detected in the roadside trees and to enhance the ecosystem services they provide was confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to compare and validate modeled meteorological databases with in situ data to characterize the Argentine northern Patagonian climate. The climatic classification has been made based on the ecoregions proposed by Morello et al. (2012). The in situ databases of the National Meteorological System (SMN) and the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) were statistically analyzed for the period 1982-2017. The modeled information was obtained from the POWER NASA, NCEP/NCAR and 3CN databases. The reanalysis data was validated for the year 2017. The Levene test (homogeneity) evaluated the representativeness of the statistical average values. The POWER NASA database presented the highest correlation with the in situ data and the meteorological repository was successfully validated. POWER NASA showed a good statistical fit for air temperature (Pearson ~ 0.99) in non-mountainous continental areas. The restriction extends to costal sectors for relative humidity. Levene's test must be implemented in precipitation time series analysis. The use of the variable is limited to non-mountainous continental sectors. Wind speed was the parameter that showed a low correlation. Its use is not recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative analysis of the thermal efficiency of flat plate solar collectors for air heating due to incident solar radiation was carried out. Two flat plate solar collectors and conventional cover of dark and clear glass were used, which allowed determining the incidence of incident solar radiation on the air outlet temperature. Experiments were carried out under equal conditions with real-time data collection every minute for six hours a day and four conditions: without forced air, with forced air at 0,033 kg/s, 0,5 kg/s and 0,061 kg/s. The experimentation allowed defining that the application of dark glass decreases the thermal efficiency; the best values are obtained when using clear glass, the outlet temperature obtained reaches average values of 8,26 °C without forced air. The comparative thermal performance between solar collectors with clear and dark glass covers shows values that reach 12 % in clear glass covers, the experimental incident solar radiation values varied between 200 W/m2 and 1 500 W/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The interrelationships between snow, snowfields and certain geomorphological processes have been examined in the Ubiñas Massif. Through fieldwork, together with the use of dataloggers and the analysis of meteorological data, we examined the morphologies resulting from these interactions, as well as the changes that affected the snowfields between 2012 and 2018. Moreover, we monitored specifically the changes in snow cover between 2015 and 2018 at 2380 meters a.s.l. Nivokarstic and solifluction morphologies are abundant, or those related to snow patches and snow avalanches. Soil isotherm is maintained for 6 to 8 months from 1800 meters a.s.l., with a clear relationship between its duration and the altitude (and, secondary, north orientation). The year 2018 accumulated the highest number of days in which the snow cover was maintained (143 days), also being the only one in which snow depth reached 120 cm. Together with summer temperatures, snow depth seems to be the main determining factor for the development and conservation of the snow patches, with 2017 being the year with the fewest number and total area (0.2 hectares), while 2013 was the one in which they remained the highest (2.8 hectares). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the agroclimatic statistics of the Faculty of Agronomy in Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina, during the period from 1977 to 2021. Information is provided on variables such as air temperature, air humidity, precipitation, wind, evaporation, and frost. Tables and graphs showing monthly and annual climatic values are also included. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of the work was to recommend drying temperatures for the microencapsulation of spray-dried fruit flavors for their commercial application. A three-level with two-factor factorial design model was used. The supports used were (Arabic gum:maltodextrin 1:2 m/m). This mixture was made up of 80% of the supports and 20% of flavoring (all expressed on a dry basis) which represents, on a dry basis, 35% in solids. The evaluated ranges were 150 to 220 °C for the inlet temperature and 70 to 100 °C for the air outlet temperature. In order to obtain high quality microencapsulated fruit flavorings, the following air inlet and outlet temperatures are recommended: mandarin (200; 80), lemon (220; 85), orange (180; 80), strawberry (190; 85), pineapple (190; 85), melon (200; 80), guava (200; 80), coconut (190; 90), soursop (200; 80), mango (180; 80), papaya (200; 80) and mamey (200; 80). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: determine in almond cv. Guara and cv. Marinada the date of transition between endodormancy and ecodormancy, and chill and heat requirements to breaking autumn-winter. Materials and methods: to determine the transition date between endodormancy and ecodormancy, a correlation method was used between the date of full bloom and periods of average air temperature. The cold requirement was determined using three different models: chill hours (CH), chill units (CU) and chill portions (CP). Heat accumulation was calculated as growing degree hours (GDH °C) for the three models of cold accumulation. Results: the average transition date between endodormancy and ecodormancy wasJuly 29 for cv. Guara and July 27 for cv. Marinada. The CP model estimated the date of full bloom one day before that observed in the field. The CH model six days earlier, and the CU model six days later. Conclusion: the most suitable model was the CP model. Cultivars Guara and Marinada have the same cold requirement (41 CP) and different heat requirements (4626 and 5552 GDH °C, respectively), for blooming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess Reanalysis NCEP/NCAR's skills to capture the temperature and rainfall variability in Northwestern Argentina. Observations and Reanalysis estimations were analyzed in the target region from 1960 to 2020. Standard statistical techniques were applied (means values, maximum, minimum, standard deviations, etc.), and the spatial variation of temperature and rainfall was subsequently studied using the Kriging method. We divided the time series into ten quantiles and studied the adjustments. Finally, we analyzed both series with quantile regression. Results evidenced that both temperature and rainfall had statistical adjustments (p < 0.05), indicating that data from Reanalysis allowed the characterization of the spatial distribution of these variables with high accuracy. Air temperature registered higher results than rainfall. Nevertheless, when we studied the extremes, we observed significant differences. The temperature was reasonably adjusted in temperate and arid climates, while rains presented significant results in the middle quantiles but not so in the extreme quantiles. The results obtained are an essential database for climate studies on a regional scale and for the design of land use plans to improve the population's quality of life and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies carried out in Cuba about the effect of climate fluctuation in productivity of rice agroecosystems point out at global analysis of rice crop without dealing the relationship between rice (Oryza sativa L) crop yields and climatic variables in certain fixed growth and development periods. For this reason, this work was intended to evaluate the effect of different climatic variables on crop yield of irrigated rice varieties, in a specific physiological phase. Crop yield data were taken from experimental trials conducted by the Grains Territorial Research Station Jucarito (belonging to the Grain Research Institute). Moreover, in the grain ripening phenophase, data on climatic variables were collected: air temperature (maximum, minimum, average) and relative humidity. The statistical processing was performed in the SPSS software version 21 on Windows, by means of the multiple linear regression analysis (stepwise method) and once the regression equations were obtained, the estimation of the crop yield by interpolation was carried out. The results showed that the variables air temperature and relative humidity have effect on the crop yield of rice in this locality and with the increase in the temperature by 1 °C of the maximum and minimum temperature, there are effects that range between 6% and 13% in short-cycle and medium-cycle rice varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is an unquestionable fact, demonstrated by strong observational evidence such as the rise in average air temperature and alterations in the rainfall regime. AquaCrop is a simulation model designed to analyze crop productivity in response to available water and it assesses, among others, the impact of climate change on crop yield. The present work aims to predict optimal sowing dates and soybean yields in compacted Red Ferralitic soil in the face of climate change scenarios through simulation. The irrigation schedules were generated with Cropwat. In the three selected periods of scenario B2 it was necessary to apply between 8 and 9 irrigations, exceeding by more than 50 mm the total norm to be applied to achieve yields greater than 3 t·ha-1. If deficit irrigation is applied, the reductions with respect to the potential are estimated of up to 40%. No irrigation in the flowering stage causes a decrease in yields up to 2,4 t·ha-1. For an average year, a maximum yield of 2,9 t·ha-1 is presented if it is sown between November 5 and 8, while for a wet year, yields of up to 2,65 t·ha-1 are estimated if sown between November 15 and 19. The AquaCrop simulation model proved to be a viable alternative to reproduce the phenology and productivity of the crop under different management scenarios and climatic variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the spatiotemporal variations of the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) computed as the difference of urban and rural land surface temperatures for the three major cities of Argentina: Buenos Aires, Rosario, and Cordoba. Satellite-based data of 1 km x 1 km resolution available through the Global Surface UHI Explorer were used to estimate mean and maximum values, trends and percentage of each urban area with positive/negative intensities of SUHI for the period 2003-2017. Results indicate that, on average the nocturnal urban surface temperature is higher than the rural one (positive SUHI) for the annual, winter and summer mean for the three cities. The greatest contrast corresponds to Buenos Aires, where the maximum SUHI magnitude is +2°C in summer and the minimum is +1,5°C in winter. Both Rosario and Cordoba exhibit a difference in magnitude between summer and winter of only 0,1°C. The percentage of the area of each city with nocturnal surface temperatures greater than the rural ones is on average, 93 % for Buenos Aires, 97% for Rosario and 89% for Cordoba. During daytime, in some cases the SUHI intensity is negative generating a cold island. This effect is observed in the three cities during the cold season and in Rosario and Cordoba for the annual mean. In Buenos Aires, that hosts more than 30 % of the total population of the country, there is a significant positive trend in the daytime mean and maximum SUHI intensity. The comparison between the Buenos Aires' SUHI and canopy UHI (derived from standard air temperature measurements) shows positive intensities during night-time in both cases, although the mean annual and summer SUHI are warmer than the UHI in +0,3°C and +0,6°C, respectively. Additionally, there is a trend towards warmer daytime intensities of both types of heat islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air temperature is a biophysical variable that affects most biotic and abiotic processes, being essential in climatological, ecological and hydrological studies, and for the evaluation on agricultural practices. However, air temperature measurements and monitoring in situpresents limitations in remote areas with limited infrastructure, such as the Patagonian region of Argentina and Chile. The objective of this work was to generate a reticulated database of monthly, seasonal and annual mean temperature for Santa Cruz province. For this, 33 available series of monthly mean temperature (period 1995-2014) were interpolated by using the geostatistical technique Co-Kriging to obtain a reticulated product of 20 km resolution. The Gridded Temperature Database for Santa Cruz (GTDSC) showed the best performance when compared with other available global temperature databases, both in the annual and seasonal products. Despite this, in the western region of the province located close to the Andes mountain range, GTDSC showed the greatest differences in comparison with the other global data bases. CRU had the best performance. GTDSC is a regional database with good performance that represented adequately the spatio-temporal temperature variation, with potential application in ecological, agronomical and hydrological models, in addition to represent a base time period for climate change studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This short communication shows the impact of a solar eclipse on the meteorological variables observed by a high-altitude station that studies the valley-mountain breeze in the lower basin of the Manso River, Río Negro province. On December 14, 2020, the moon hid between 90 and 100% of the sun over Northern Patagonia. One year after its installation, the "Los Notros" meteorological station, located on the northern slope of the river valley, recorded the evolution of air temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, and global radiation during the eclipse. The conditions that allow the development of the breeze in the valley are discussed, as well as the effect that the eclipse had on the circulation on the slope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

General Circulation Models (GCMs) are currently playing an important role as a tool to identify important changes in the climate system during the following decades; These allow the simulation of flows of energy, mass and momentum in each spatially distributed three-dimensional grid. Nevertheless; the spatial resolution of these dynamic models are too thick (> 250km) and considered as the main disadvantage when conducting localized studies. In this sense, this research prioritizes the application of statistical regionalization techniques, placing emphasis on specific areas. One of the main results is focused on obtaining the regionalized maps of the climate projections of precipitation, maximum and minimum air temperature for Peru and in a context of the Climate scenarios of the Fifth Assessment Report-AR5-2014 of the IPCC - RCP45 & RCP85. The regionalized maps were calculated for a group of 4 models (global climate models of the Coupled Models Intercomparison Project - CMIP5) mainly and that were selected by applying statistical metrics. The projections under each of the two scenarios are focused on the future period 2041-2070, taking 1981-2005 as the referential climate period. Each of the 4 selected models were analyzed allowing to observe the spatial distribution of the variables focused on areas of interest. The annual results show that in general there is a possible increase in the minimum air temperature, with ranges that vary between 1.5 °C to 1.8 °C under RCP4.5 and 2.6 °C to 3.7 °C under RCP8.5., for the maximum air temperature of 1.6 °C to 1.8 °C under RCP4.5 and 2.7 °C to 3.9 °C under RCP8.5. These increases in general would be more focused on the northern, central and southern lowland forest. For precipitation under the two scenarios RCP varies according to the area of analysis, showing significant increases for the north coast and central coast of Peru between 20% and 10% respectively and would be associated with the dynamics of the ocean, mainly the central and eastern Pacific. For the south coast the projections show deficiencies between -10% to -20%; However, for the central and southern Andean areas, the projections are for an increase to 20% and would be associated with the teleconnection that exists between the Central Pacific and the Andean area of Peru. On the other hand, the projections are for a reduction for the lowland forest between -12% to -20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista ION is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Talquite consists of alternating three-layer bundles with weak Van der Waals bonds between them. The octahedral layer is located between two tetrahedral layers. It is used as an adsorbent for heavy metals in aqueous solution. Objective: To determine kinetic model, effective diffusivity and isotherms corresponding to the adsorption in the heterogeneous mass system of Cd (II) and Talquita ion in aqueous solution at temperatures of 298 and 333 K. Materials and Methods: A physical and chemical characterization of the adsorbent is performed. The kinetic, diffusive and equilibrium study of ion adsorption is carried out at 298 and 333 K. The adsorption processes are carried out with 150 rpm stirring on an AGU-10 Bunsen mechanical stirrer. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich, liquid film diffusion, intraparticle diffusion, Bangham model, and effective diffusion models are instrumented. For isothermal balance studies, the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, BET, Redlich, Toth and Flory-Huggins isotherms are implemented. Concentrations are determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Results and Discussion: The pseudo-first order kinetic model has better adjust to the adsorption kinetics at two studied temperatures. The isothermal models of BET at 298 K and Flory-Huggins at 333 K have the better adjust to the adsorption of Cd (II) ions in aqueous solution. Conclusions: Talquite has moderate adsorption capacities for Cd (II) ions in aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the energy imbalance of the greenhouse effect and its impact on the climate system. According to the IPCC report, since 1971, the climate system has accumulated an energy imbalance of approximately 430 ZJ, with the global ocean absorbing around 90% of this excess energy. However, due to the lack of observations and the vastness of the oceans, the estimation of the excess energy absorbed by the oceans has a high level of uncertainty. The article also raises speculation about how air warming would occur on a planet similar to Earth but with a less massive hydrosphere, highlighting the importance of continuing to research the climate system broadly and not just based on urgent demands of the moment. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports that on August 14, 2021, rain was observed at the highest point of the Greenland Ice Sheet for several hours and the air temperature remained above freezing for approximately nine hours.