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In this article we will try to show five humorous signs used in Spanish linguistic jokes and that could be used in Spanish teaching. These signs are polysemy, homophony, paronymy, phraseology and diminutives. The election of jokes as a structure to use in teaching is based not only in the fact that it is the main humorous structure, but also in its easy to learn structure. As Attardo (2008) said, joke is the easiest humorous text type. Also, "joke is a humorous unit with no context and selfcontained, which has all the required information to be understood and enjoyed" (Martin, 2008: 37). The goal of this paper is to show how previously mentioned signs work in an internet extracted corpus, so we can get generalizations that can be used in Spanish teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the few researchers who have approached Alonso de Herrera's Libro de agricultura, the accuracy and richness of its terminology would be two of its main features. Under this premise, in this paper we focus on the fourth book of this six-volume treatise on agriculture, which is dedicated to the knowledge of everything related to the vegetable gardens. After an appropriate lexicological classification of the selected vocabulary, we examine the effect that these words has haved on the Spanish lexicographic tradition, with particular attention to the Diccionario de autoridades--after being Herrera selected as one of the classics of the Hispanic literature for its preparation--, as well as the Covarrubias' Tesoro (1611)--in this case is due to its noticeable encyclopedism, which connect with the rich and assorted information supplied by Herrera--. After our analysis, we conclude the low impact of the Libro de agricultura in the first academic dictionary. On the other hand, we detect a greater harmony between Covarrubias and Herrera, having found several lexicographical articles from the Tesoro with information of vegetable gardens clearly coinciding with the Libro de agricultura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the historical development of the construction disponerse a + INF is analyzed, as a carrier of an aspectual value of imminence. Specifically, those lexical-grammatical criteria that allow observing the process of grammaticalization and constructionalization of the scheme are explored. In addition, the semantic expansion from the imminent value to the inchoative and causative value is studied. Throughout the paper, contrasts are made with the diachronic trajectory of poner(se), since this form has exerted an analogical influence on disponer(se). From a theoretical perspective, it interacts with the model of grammaticalization and with the constructions grammar applied to the historical study of verbal periphrasis. At the methodological level, the research is based on the elaboration of a database with the integral registry of the examples from CORDE, which allows projecting quantitative as well as qualitative linguistic analyzes. As a result, the grade of grammaticalization and constructionalization of the item is described, the chronology of its imminence, inchoative and causative values are explored, and the proximity of the construction with the paradigm of aspectual verbal periphrasis is reflected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The access to public information is a democratic right that is not just for people who can communicate effectively within their dominant culture but for all citizens, thus it must be available and accessible to all. However, linguistic and cultural difficulties regarding the access and use of public services, as well as communication facilitation at all levels are problems which have not yet been tackled by authorities in Spain. The services currently used to tend to communication-related needs between the non-Spanish speaking population and healthcare professionals are not completely effective in Spanish hospitals, and most medical professionals will explain that, in their consultations with migrants who do not speak Spanish, they ask them to bring along a family member or friend who speaks Spanish. Concerning mental health--an area in which communication is of the utmost importance and treatment very frequently involves therapy and, thus, communication between the health provider and the patient--, language and cultural barriers often create further obstacles for an adequate treatment. This paper will present the results of a narrative inquiry of a sample of mental health clinicians on their perceptions and experiences when working with non-Spanish speaking patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China the nominal addresses are common elements in the personal interaction. 老 /lao/, 大/da/ and 小/xiao/, indicators of the age of the people, are used to form titles of professions, posts and social status, which have to do with their special signification in the Chinese culture. On the other hand, they are used, with the kinship names and family names, to denote and connote different interpersonal relations, because they are expressions filled with feelings. This paper explores their semantic and pragmatic characteristics with a presentation of the nominal addresses formed with 老/lao/, 大/da/ and 小/xiao/ and their translation into Spanish in La fortaleza asediada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore gender splitting in Spanish regarding the denomination of male and female children in the nineteenth century. In this study we have analyzed historical facts as sexual segregation in the schools, as well as the pragmatic-discoursive necessity that speakers have of referring to sex. Moreover, we examine the way in which the nineteenth-century press could be a very interesting framework concerning the concept of discoursive traditions on that phenomenon. Here we have studied a small corpus of texts where gender splitting occurred. And for that purpose, we have coined a new methodological instrument from cognitive sociolinguistics as "gendered sociolinguistic universe" where this discoursive strategy could be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper is based on the translative research of the original version, written in English, of the novels The Handmaid’s Tale (Margaret Atwood) and Never Let Me go (Kazuo Ishiguro), in addition to the short-story Story of Your Life (Ted Chiang), and of the available target texts published in Spain (El cuento de la criada, trans. by Elsa Mateo Blanco; Nunca me abandones, trans. by Jesús Zulaika, and La historia de tu vida, trans. by Luis G. Prado), for which we will examine the fictional lexico-semantic content composed by the authors to build their universes and its reflection in the Spanish language (peninsular variety), with the aim of developing translation strategies for the neologisms of a fictional universe based mainly on lexicality, as it is the one of Ribofunk, by Paul di Filippo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most syllabuses for undergraduate degrees in Translation and Interpreting at Spanish universities include subjects that, to a greater or lesser extent, deal with the translation of legal texts. However, as is the case with other areas of specialisation in the field of translation and interpreting, there are usually no specific subjects aimed at developing thematic competence in these specific fields. As a result, students generally approach the translation of legal texts with an almost complete lack of knowledge of the law. Even if there are previous studies that address some aspects related to legal translation training in general (Monzó Nebot, 2008; Prieto Ramos, 2009; Cao, 2014; Soriano Barabino, 2018, 2020a, 2020b; Way, 2000, 2016) or to the acquisition and development of thematic competence in the area and the linguistic combination addressed at in this paper (Barceló Martínez and Delgado Pugés, 2017a; Soriano Barabino, 2013; Valderrey Reñones, 2003, 2004, 2017), our aim is to suggest a didactic proposal for students of Translation and Interpreting degrees to start acquiring the necessary thematic competence to translate legal texts through activities that are not necessarily "translation-related", as well as through the analysis and comprehension of texts pertaining to a specific legal procedure and within the scope of subjects focused on legal translation (which often do not have a large number of credits). To this end, we will focus on a specific field, that of inheritance law. The proposal may be extrapolated to other fields and language combinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the pragmatic intensification as an argumentative strategy in the discourse delivered by the King of Spain Felipe VI on October 3rd, 2017, two days after the illegal independence referendum held in Catalonia on October 1st. The analysis of the different intensifying mechanisms, governed by the expressive and appellative functions in illocutionary and perlocutionary speech acts, shows, in the global discursive strategy, the confrontation between the constitutionalist and the independence ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present a provisional proposal of a model of teacher competence (TC) for Translation Studies (TS) in Spain. To this end, we analyse and summarise the literature published on TC in Higher Education in Spain, and on TC within TS. We subsequently develop a proposal of a model of translation teacher competence (TTC) based on the main elements found in the existing literature, and we add other relevant facets that remain largely unexplored in existing TC and TTC models. A description of the constituent competencies of this model of TTC is being used in an ongoing study as a diagnostic tool to assess the current state of TTC development among teachers of translation courses in undergraduate Translation and Interpreting programmes in Spain. This will enable to identify potential strengths, weaknesses, and shortcomings in current translation teacher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-revision is an essential part of the translation production process in which one checks and amends one's own translation (Mossop, 2014 [2001]). Since the activities linked to self-revision involve the application of knowledge, skills and aptitudes of translation competence (Kelly, 2002, 2005 y 2008), self-control of the work procedure (Pietrzak, 2019) is basic to manage time and effort (Gile, 2005; Pym, 2010a) required by these activities. Therefore, self-revision is an essential didactic instrument to develop strategic competence and self-efficacy beliefs (Haro-Soler, 2017) in translator training. This paper presents the results of an analytical comparative study focused on the monitoring of the time devoted to the activities of the translation process by 20 students and their teacher. The aim is to demonstrate how the time invested in self-revision is a valuable indicator of the learning progress. According to the results obtained, the students with greater self-control of their work procedures manage the time and effort invested in the different activities of the translation process considering their strengths and weaknesses when translating (Way, 2008), and are more effective both in detecting errors and deficiencies in their translations and in correcting them. In the conclusions, additional possibilities for analysing the data obtained and the limitations of this type of study are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the description and analysis of an anomalous or non-normative plural agreement phenomenon that certain Spanish verbs, named "terciopersonal" o "pseudopersonal" in the literature, present when combined with an infinitive clause whose verb selects a plural NP as its direct object (Te cuestan hacer las tareas más fáciles 'It's hard for you to do the easiest tasks'). After describing the phenomenon, we show that the finite verb does not present all the characteristics that are usually attributed to auxiliaries and we defend that the theory of nexus and junctures proposed in role and reference grammar is a useful analytical tool in order to account for the structures under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is done on the entry lemma gaudeo as it appears in A Latin Dictionary and the Oxford Latin Dictionary, as well as a comparison with other verbal lemmas associated with the semantic field to express feelings (paveo, doleo, timeo, horreo and palleo). They provide enough data to state that, in order to compile this entry, the editors were, somehow, influenced by the historical and compared linguistic theoretical principles and by structuralism. This paper has a qualitative and quantitative methodological perspective, complements other scientific studies whose purpose were to demonstrate the differences and errors made in the composition of lexicographical entries of these dictionaries and provides with theoretical arguments that justify the decisions made by the editors of the lexicons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a proposal on how to select suitable vocabulary items to teach Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) based on the triangulation or complementation of three sources of lexical information: (1) the available lexicon in native Spanish speakers, (2) the most frequent vocabulary in Spanish and (3) the specific notions of the Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes. Previously, an analysis of the lexical needs of a sample of SFL students has been carried out, whose results have been collated with the abovementioned sources of vocabulary. The found shortcomings have been evaluated in order to observe how they are covered by each of these three sources. It has been proven that each source covers different lexical needs (with a similarity of 12.5% in the covered needs and a lexical compatibility of the sources of 24%), so the viability of the triangulation is justified. The resulting proposal offers a lexical compilation in different levels that combines the benefits of several well-established selection criteria and overcomes the limitations arising from using them individually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The second decade of the 20th century has been characterized by the reconsideration in linguistics on the role of the metaphor and the metonymy in the everyday language and in the specialized languages. Furthermore, the evolution of terminology made possible to leave behind the Wüsterian tradition, which considered these rhetorical figures as an ornamental element, and it has allowed to provide a new perspective of their role in the knowledge transmission. This paper is focused on the study of wine tasting discourse in a multifaceted perspective, considering lexical, morphosyntactic and pragmatic factors. Finally, this study concludes that wine tasting discourse is a language for specific purposes, whose primary role is to transmit objective information in a highly subjective process as wine tasting, which is characterized by terminological gaps. In order to avoid these gaps and to create specialized terms which could be shared by a community of users, wine tasters make use of metaphorization processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at explaining the grammaticalization of igual (and lo mismo) as a reformulative and concessive marker based on a corpus of diachronic texts. The objectives are threefold: to find out the possible relation between the evolution of igual and that of lo mismo in this case, to investigate in what previous contexts the new functions were acquired and in which area they were originated. The corpus study reveals that the evolutions of both forms are related, but the change of formal preference (lo mismo > igual) caused that the grammaticalization of lo mismo as a connective failed and that of igual was successful. The exploration of the previous contexts reflects the link between the reformulative and concessive values. Finally, the process took place in Rio de la Plata area and from there it spread to the inside of Argentina and Chilean Spanish, where it became a popular form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze some syllable lengthening phaenomena in oral speech of south-central area of Asturias. In local language converge both vowel harmony and syllable lengthening phaenomena linked to different pragmatic functions, either with stressed and unstressed phonetic units. This phenomena will be analysed attending to different illocutionary types and different pragmatic variables as well as considering their confluence with other kinds of prominence (intensity and pitch) and even incipent cases of grammaticalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to describe the alternation between the presence and absence of third person singular subject in the Spanish dialect of Montevideo, so that new data can be provided about this morphosyntactic variation. This phenomenon consists in that the grammatical subject can be expressed by means of an explicit or implicit form in a personal clause with conjugated verb. In order to carry out this research, a sample of twelve semidirected interviews, belonging to the sociolinguistic corpus of Montevideo, attached to PRESEEA, was analyzed. The alternation was correlated with linguistic variables—verbal typology, ambiguity, turn of conversation, speech connectivity and distance clause—and social variables—sex, age and degree of instruction—. The results show that the use of explicit pronominal forms of subject of a third singular person is due to discursive reasons linked to textual cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to suggest an analysis model of the multiple voices in literary translation that integrates conceptual tools rooted in the sociology of translation with the linguistic analysis of the linguistic-discursive elements that reinstantiate such voices in the translated text. Section 1 explains the motivations behind this proposal and section 2 describes the main linguistic-discursive and sociological tools selected. Section 3 deals with the methodological details. Section 4 is a case study. It describes the translation process of the novel El maestro de esgrima, by Arturo Pérez-Reverte (1988), into German (Ein Stich ins Herz [Der Fechtmeister]), resorting to the sociological concepts of multiple translatorship, agency, and voice; to that end, the contextual voices in the German translation are reconstructed by looking at three interviews held with the executive translators and with the editor of the series where the German translation appeared. Then, the reinstantiations of such voices in the German translation are analysed, as well as the effects that such reinstantiations have on the individuation of the textual voices and of the implicit reader. This study claims that supplementing the sociological approach with a linguistic-discursive analysis of the translation product opens up new avenues to explore concepts of the sociology of translation in a systematic way, and permits us to understand the phenomenon of equivalence in translation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following a discursive-pragmatic approach to linguistic variation, the goal of this paper is to analyse the lexical variation maestro-profesor in a sample of official documents of primary state schools and privately-owned but state-funded ones in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha (Spain). The analysis reveals that the lexical alternative profesor, significantly more common in the corpus than maestro, can be considered a case of uplifting euphemism intended to upgrade and magnify the professional status and social appreciation of teachers in infant and primary education. In this way, profesor plays an important role as a face-saving device which is part of a more general strategy of positive self-presentation for schoolteachers that may introduce some degree of ambiguity in the message conveyed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the need to foster critical thinking skills through a gender perspective in the Translation and Interpretation curricula in Spain. Taking as an example the degree in Translation and Interlinguistic Mediation at the University of Valencia, the need to address translation education taking into account the gender bias present in texts, discourses and professional assignments of future translation graduates is examined. Through the VOICED innovation project, a classroom experience is presented focusing on the development of gender awareness in the translation classroom. The project addresses translators’ self-concept and enhances their ability to make conscious decisions about the linguistic and discursive strategies that may, or may not, perpetuate power asymmetries in society. The results of the project and the students’ perceptions are also presented, which show both the poor education they have received so far in the field of gender and their willingness to incorporate a gender perspective into translation education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the very beginning, machine translation (MT) represents a significant advance in our society despite of the difficulties encountered in its way. Nowadays, different MT systems are used in private and public sectors in response to the increasing translation demand. This paper presents the quantitative and qualitative results obtained from the evaluation of two different MT systems—rule-based and neural-based MT systems—within the field of legal and administrative translation in public service interpreting and translation (PSIT). For this purpose, COSTA MT Evaluation Tool will be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, translation and interpretation education faces an uncertain future, reinforcing the idea of a discipline immersed in an interconnected world and aware of international context issues. On this basis, the article explores translation training and international context relation. In addition, it suggests mechanisms to adapt the educational approach to a post-pandemic scenario in which future professionals will develop their professional paths. From a methodological point of view, the article analyzes the relevance of thematic knowledge regarding international relations within translation competence training and the practical experience of Chilean institutions up to the outbreak of the pandemic. Subsequently, the article supports curricular redesign regarding this area, considering new national and international scenarios in which the post-pandemic translation practice will be developed. Finally, it presents a pedagogical proposal that considers the integration of international thematic contents related to theory, concepts, and international scenarios, and also the use of technology given current possibilities. This curricular proposal introduces pandemic context in translation and interpretation-related research in Chile. The paper concludes by calling attention to promoting initiatives in this area through virtualized education processes, reinforcing this aspect of translation competence for a changing global scenario, based on the collaborative work among national and international programs for translation and interpreting education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translator education in monolingual contexts presupposes that students should develop their translation and linguistic competence concurrently, which presents a series of pedagogical challenges. This evaluative descriptive study examines the use of data-driven learning in a task-based approach (DDL-TB) for teaching grammar in a Chilean translation programme. Such an approach implies the exploration of a corpus to find different patterns or linguistic phenomena. The paper presents the design and graduation of tasks and, later, examines the translation students' and lecturer's perspectives about the suitability of this approach for English grammar teaching. The students' comments suggest that the approach allowed them to 1) reflect on the way they learn languages and 2) develop an active role in their formative process. The lecturer highlights that the approach aligns with the learning objectives of the course unit, allowing the course to be effectively 'descriptive'. It is concluded that the narratives examined in this study indicate that an ABD-ET approach would be suitable for English grammar teaching in translation education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to present a way of approaching the study of discourses from the interpretative paradigm, based on the ACD in its Latin American side as a theoretical framework and applying a predominantly qualitative and inductive methodology. This is the Method of Converging Linguistic Approaches for CDA. This method deepens the analysis of texts (written or oral) as sociodiscursive units and their purpose is to reflect on social phenomena and problems from data obtained in linguistic-discursive analysis. In this case, from the analysis of digital comments derived from a piece of news referring to the housing problem of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, it is illustrated how the method enables to study, first, the discursive categorization and, second, the focused categories including the most predominant ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new concept, discursive interpersonality, as a flexibilized model of interpersonal metadiscourse (IM). Departing from the proven validity of IM (Hyland, 2005a, 2005b) as a framework to analyse interpersonal relations between writers/speakers and readers/listeners, our argumentation is grounded on our research results, stemming from the study of different academic and professional genres. Since interpersonal metadiscourse is conditioned by contextual variables, such as genre, discipline, language and corpus, as an array of authors suggest (Dahl, 2004; Sala, 2006; Yakhontova, 2006; Giannoni, 2007; Mapelli, 2008; Crismore & Abdollazadeh, 2010; Gotti, 2010; Lorés-Sanz, 2011a; Ivorra Pérez, 2015, 2016; Suau-Jiménez, 2016; Mattiello, 2018; Turiman et al., 2018; Herrando-Rodrigo, 2019), IM would need to be redefined or readapted, including new markers, new lexico-grammatical realizations. As a result and very importantly, propositionality should be considered a theoretical central feature that contributes to interpersonal interactions but that traditional approaches of IM do not accept as such. So, a new, more encompassing concept needs to be coined that accounts for all these essential aspects. Assuming how interpersonal metadiscourse has been defined conventionally (Mauranen, 1993a, 1993b; Hyland, 2005a, 2017), we propose two integrative concepts: discursive turn (Jaworski & Pritchard, 2005), not in its philosophical sense but in one that sees discourse as an identity axis or departure point for analysis, and interpersonality (Lorés-Sanz et al., 2010), considered as an umbrella term broader than IM. Discursive interpersonality might thus open more satisfactory paths for further research in a variety of genres, domains and languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper defends the need to establish diachronic markings in the different lexicographic repertoires that overcome excessively simplifying approaches. Similarly, it advocates a more precise treatment of lexical obsolescence, which rigorously considers the age variable and establishes boundaries between the active and passive vocabulary, because the absence of a mark would imply, in principle, validity of the cataloged lemma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article is about a genre almost ignored by the researchers as the training book review. The purpose of the study is to analyse its rhetorical-linguistic structure using genre analysis in the spirit of Swalesian tradition. In this frame, this paper presents an empirical qualitative research, in which 96 Spanish training book reviews, produced by the population of students from the complete degree of Modern Languages, are analysed. In this corpus produced for the study, higher level communicative purposes (rhetorical moves) and lower level communicative purposes (steps and substeps) from these training book reviews are identified and analysed. This model is a useful tool to assess the progression of students in selecting and organising information and in the development of the description and the argumentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]