RESUMEN Las bacterias continuamente se enfrentan a condiciones adversas en el medio ambiente, que representan un factor de estrés y que restringen su supervivencia. Entre esos factores se encuentran: la limitación de agua, las fluctuaciones en la temperatura, los valores extremos de pH, elevadas concentraciones de sales, la exposición a radiación ultravioleta, etc. La presente revisión se centra en examinar las estrategias utilizadas por bacterias pertenecientes a diferentes géneros para enfrentar el estrés causado por bajas temperaturas y por ciclos repetidos de congelación-descongelación; condiciones que ocurren con frecuencia en algunos ambientes. Los estudios de tolerancia bacteriana a congelación-descongelación aún son escasos, pero podrían ser de gran relevancia para el incremento de la supervivencia de bacterias promotoras del crecimiento de plantas bajo condiciones extremas de frío. ABSTRACT Bacteria continually face adverse conditions in the environment, which represent a stress factor and restrict their survival. These factors include water limitation, temperature fluctuations, extreme pH values, high salt concentrations, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, etc. This review focuses on examining the strategies used by bacteria belonging to different genus to cope with the stress caused by low temperatures and by repeated freeze-thaw cycles; conditions that occur frequently in some environments. Bacterial freeze-thaw tolerance studies are still scarce but could be of great relevance for increasing the survival of plant growth promoting bacteria under extreme cold conditions., {"references":["Sánchez-Leal LC, Corrales-Ramírez LC. Congelación bacteriana: Factores que intervienen en el proceso. Nova. 2005;3(3): 109-13.","Zhang J, Du GC, Zhang Y, Liao XY, Wang M, L¡ Y, et al. 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