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Resumen: Introducción: La transformación hemorrágica es una complicación importante del ictus isquémico agudo (IIA). El propósito del trabajo es analizar el impacto clínico y los factores predictores de las hemorragias intracraneales (HIC) tras terapia revascularizadora. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo monocéntrico de 235 pacientes con IIA tratados mediante trombólisis intravenosa (TIV) o tratamiento endovascular (TE). Se ha realizado un modelo de regresión logística binaria para determinar los factores asociados con las HIC, las hemorragias parenquimatosas (HP), la escala mRS y la mortalidad. Resultados: De los 183 pacientes incluidos, 57 tuvieron HIC (30 HP). El TE mecánico (OR 3,3 [1,42-7,63], p = 0,005) y la TIV junto con TE mecánico (OR 3,39 [1,52-7,56], p = 0,003) se han asociado a mayor riesgo de HIC, mientras que valores altos de ASPECTS (OR 0,71 [0,55-0,91], p = 0,007) se han asociado a menor riesgo. Mayor edad (OR 1,07 [1,02-1,13], p = 0,006) y la oclusión de la carótida interna terminal (OR 4,03 [1,35-11,99], p = 0,012) han sido factores predictores de HP, mientras que haber recibido TIV exclusivamente (OR 0,24 [0,08-0,68], p = 0,008) se ha asociado con menor riesgo. Solo las HP se han asociado a valores invalidantes de mRS (OR = 3,2 [1,17-8,76], p = 0,02) y mayor mortalidad (OR 5,06 [1,65-15,5], p = 0,005). Conclusiones: Una mejor comprensión de los factores predictores de HIC, mRS y mortalidad puede permitir una mejor selección de pacientes y tratamientos. Abstract: Introduction: Haemorrhagic transformation is a major complication of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). We sought to determine the predictors and clinical impact of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) after revascularisation therapy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single-centre study including 235 patients with AIS who underwent intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA) therapy and/or endovascular treatment. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine the variables associated with ICH, parenchymal haematomas (PH), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, and mortality. Results: ICH was detected in 57 (30 with PH) of 183 patients included. Mechanical thrombectomy, either alone (OR 3.3 [1.42-7.63], P=.005) or in combination with IV-rtPA (OR 3.39 [1,52-7.56], P=.003), was associated with higher risk of ICH, while higher Alberta Stroke Program Early CT scores (OR 0.71 [0.55-0.91], P=.007) were associated with lower risk. Patients with older age (OR 1.07 [1.02-1.13], P=.006) and occlusion of the terminal branch of the internal carotid artery (OR 4.03 [1.35-11.99], P = .012) had a higher risk of PH, while the use of IV-rtPA alone (OR 0.24 [0.08-0.68], P=.008) was associated with lower risk of PH. Only PH was associated with disability as measured by the mRS (OR 3.2 [1.17-8.76], P=.02) and higher mortality (OR 5.06 [1.65-15.5], P=.005). Conclusions: Greater understanding about the predictors of ICH, mRS scores, and mortality could enable better selection of patients and treatments.

Introduction: During acute stroke, 30% of all patients present dysphagia and 50% of that subgroup will experience bronchoaspiration. Our aim was to compare mortality and bronchoaspiration rates associated with the water test compared to those associated with a 2 volume/3 texture test controlled with pulse oximetry (2v/3t-P test) in our stroke unit., Patients and Methods: Over a 5-year period, we performed a prospective analysis of all consecutive acute ischaemic stroke patients hospitalised in the Stroke Unit. Dysphagia was evaluated using the water test between 2008 and 2010 (group 0 or G0), and the 2v/3t-P test (group 1 or G1) between 2011 and 2012. We analysed demographic data, vascular risk factors, neurological deficit on the NIHSS, aetiological subtype according to TOAST criteria, clinical subtype according to the Oxfordshire classification, prevalence of dysphagia, percentage of patients with bronchoaspiration, and mortality., Results: We examined 418 patients with acute stroke (G0=275, G1=143). There were significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the percentage of patients with TACI (17% in G0 vs. 29% in G1, P=.005) and median NIHSS score (4 points in G0 vs. 7 points in G1, P=.003). Since adopting the new swallowing test, we detected a non-significant increase in the percentage of dysphagia (22% in G0 vs. 25% in G1, P=.4), lower mortality (1.7% in G0 vs. 0.7% in G1, P=.3) and a significant decrease in the bronchoaspiration rate (6.2% in G0 vs. 2.1% in G1, P=.05)., Conclusions: Compared to the water test used for dysphagia screening, the new 2v/3t-P test lowered bronchoaspiration rates in acute stroke patients., (Copyright © 2014 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)