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The ‘New Chinese Opera’, which emerged in the 1940s, has become a significant part of the performance repertoire, a ‘hot’ research topic and an indispensable subject of historical surveys of Chinese music. The subject matter of these operas ranges from historical events (as in Honghu Red Guards of 1958) to stories drawn from classic Chinese novels (as in Camel Xiangzi of 2014). Critical and aesthetic reception has focused on the dominance of realistic subject matter in this form and the concern of its producers to reach a wide audience. This emphasis on the marketability of art reflects how deeply rooted secularisation and utility are in contemporary Chinese culture. This paper examines a third theme of aesthetic discourse that is particularly present in historical narratives of Chinese opera: the struggle to distance Chinese opera from Western models. The image of ‘opera’ that emerges in these accounts reconfigures the form for contemporary use, with the result that the history of Western opera as an agent is absent - or, in the case of dramaturgical models and influences, distorted.

The digital divide makes it difficult for companies to find workers with digital skills. Usually occurs in developing countries, including Indonesia. Therefore, analyzing and investigating digital human resource behavior and performance is necessary. This research aims to investigate and analyze digital behavior and employee performance. The study used an explanatory survey method, carried out from March 2023 – May 2023, at a state company owned by the Indonesian government. The total sample is 149 employees. Data collection uses a questionnaire converted into G-form and distributed with the help of social media. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression. The research results found three dimensions/sub-variables of digital behavior, and we named them digital knowledge & skills, availability of digital technology, and adoption of digital technology innovation. These three dimensions positively impact employee performance, especially the performance of employees belonging to Generation Z. This research also proves that digital behavior in the workplace can be developed if there is support from leadership, availability of technology, and increasing adoption by learning from each other among employees. In the future, this research needs to be continued from the perspective of leaders and consumers.

La introducción de las hortalizas como cultivo alternativo en la selva alta peruana también implican la búsqueda de métodos de control de plagas amigables con el ambiente y el cuidado de la biodiversidad, aquí evaluamos el efecto biocida de los extractos acuosos de neem (Azadirachta indica), barbasco (Lonchocarpus nicou L.) y molle (Schinus molle L.) para el control del pulgo (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) en col (Brassica oleracea var capitata) durante la campaña agrícola 2020, en un diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar (DBCA) con 3 tratamientos, más testigo absoluto y 4 réplicas. Los extractos se prepararon a partir de la combinación de hojas, tallos, corteza, frutos y raíces de las plantas a razón de 1kg y aplicados a una dosis de 6 ml por litro de agua. El barbasco fue el más eficiente en la reducción del número de pulgones por planta y la más toxica para causar en un 75,34% de mortalidad en 45 días de tratamiento, seguida por molle con 61,43% y con peso de pella de hasta 1725 g. Se concluye que los extractos vegetales disminuyeron las poblaciones del pulgón y resultan adecuados para su uso en los programas del Manejo Integrado.

Uno de los problemas de la agricultura en la actualidad es la escasez del agua disponible para los cultivos. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el uso de un hidrogel (plantagel con una composición de 96% de poliacrilato de potasio no toxico) en el estrés hídrico del cultivo de maíz morado PMV-581 y evaluar su desarrollo y rendimiento. Los tratamientos fueron a tres dosis de 50, 70, 90 kg ha-1 de hidrogel (plantagel) y un testigo sin aplicación de hidrogel, los resultados indican el tratamiento control T0. Requiere el mayor número de riegos (con 15 riegos y sin aplicación de hidrogel) el tratamiento T1(con 12 riegos y 50 kg ha-1 de hidrogel), el T2 (con 10 riegos y 70 kg ha-1 de hidrogel) y el T3 (con 8 riegos y 90 kg ha-1 de hidrogel) el T3 obtuvo el rendimiento más alto de 6,50 t ha-1, con una lámina de agua de 1500,84 m3, menor al resto de tratamientos, concluyéndose que el hidrogel influye en la retención de humedad del suelo y su efecto se expresa en el rendimiento del maíz morado. Estos resultados proporcionan información valiosa que el uso del hidrogel (plantagel) podría aplicarse eficazmente como aditivo del suelo para aliviar el estrés por sequía en el cultivo de maíz morado.

El maíz morado originario de los Andes de América del Sur es una variedad amilácea que presenta demanda y consumo sostenido por los principios bioactivos que contiene. El objetivo fue determinar las características fisicoquímicas y mohos en las variedades de maíz morado. Las muestras M1 y M2 fueron colectadas en la región Huánuco-Perú. Se evaluaron las características morfológicas del maíz; color (CIE L*, a* y b*); análisis fisicoquímicos (actividad de agua, humedad, cenizas, grasas, fibra, proteína y carbohidratos); y antocianinas con el método de pH diferencial (cianidina-3-glucósido); asimismo se efectuó el recuento de mohos por unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC), aislamiento e identificación. Las evaluaciones determinaron que la humedad de la M1 fue mayor que la M2, por lo tanto, el contenido de materia seca fue inversamente proporcional. La actividad de agua más alta (0.71) fue de M1. Las antocianinas alcanzaron 17.92 (mg de cianidina-3-glucósido g-1 de muestra) en la coronta de la M1. La presencia de mohos fue evidente, sin embargo, se reportó mayor número de colonias en la M1 (1.43 x 107 UFC g-1), la misma que se relaciona con los géneros aislados, tales como Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium y Rhizopus. Las muestras evaluadas son una fuente importante de nutrientes y destaca el aporte de sustancias antioxidantes como las antocianinas siendo mayor el contenido a nivel de la coronta. La presencia de los mohos es influida por la humedad e inadecuado almacenamiento, considerando que entre los géneros aislados podría asociarse con la formación de micotoxinas. Los granos de maíz son susceptibles a los mohos y sus metabolitos secundarios, representando un problema para la seguridad alimentaria.

This study investigated how teachers perceived the benefits and difficulties of implementing a Lesson Study (LS) in the context of English language teaching at a university in Vietnam. The data were collected from six teachers through semi-structured interviews. To analyze the data, two addressing themes (teachers’ perceived benefits and teachers’ perceived difficulties) were focused on while implementing LS. The results generally showed that the teachers believed that LS brought them three benefits: encouraging teachers’ exchange activities and helping them deepen knowledge of lesson content, understanding students’ learning activities and working processes, and promoting teachers’ motivation in pursuing their continuous professional development (CPD). Regarding teachers’ perceived difficulties in LS implementation, they reported lacking confidence in actively implementing LS activities. Additionally, they had difficulties in time management and encountered problems reaching a consensus for joint work due to the influence of muti-faceted aspects. Accordingly, the study provides pedagogical implications for related stakeholders (teachers, students, and policymakers) regarding LS implementation issues contributing to the success of LS implementation in Vietnam and other similar contexts.

El arándano nativo crece en forma silvestre en los andes sudamericanos, la fruta es consumida por las personas debido a que posee características sensoriales agradables. El objetivo fue determinar el contenido de polifenoles totales, antocianinas y capacidad antioxidante en frutos de arándano nativo procedentes de los distritos de Tambogan y Llacon de la Región Huánuco Perú. Las muestras de arándano nativo fueron colectadas y se evaluaron el contenido de polifenoles totales, antocianinas y actividad antioxidante mediante la técnica de DPPH y ABTS. Los frutos de arándano nativo de las dos zonas en estudio reportaron mayor contenido de polifenoles totales y antocianinas y secuestro del catión ABTS, mientras que la actividad antirradical frente al DPPH del arándano comercial fue superior a los arándanos nativos. En conclusión, por sus características intrínsecas los arándanos nativos se perfilan como un recurso alimentario con excelentes beneficios antioxidantes.

Las estrategias de componentes para el control de plagas conllevan al menor uso de pesticidas en busca de productos de calidad e inocuos. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el Centro de Investigación Frutícola y Olerícola de la Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizan de Huánuco-Perú. El objetivo fue evaluar el rendimiento y contenido de polifenoles en fresa bajo el efecto de estrategias de componentes de manejo integrado. En un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres tratamientos: T1 (Control biológico con Bacillus thuringiensis + control cultural + control etológico + control químico); T2 (Control biológico con Beauveria bassiana + control cultural + control mecánico + control químico) y; T3 (Testigo: Control químico) y cuatro repeticiones, el rendimiento fue seleccionado en categorías (extra, primera, segunda). El T1 registró el mayor rendimiento promedio, para las categorías extra y segunda; y en la categoría primera el T2 denotó el mayor rendimiento promedio. El rendimiento estimado por hectárea, el T2 reportó 19 598.52 kg ha-1 seguido por el T1 con 19 401.4 estadísticamente equivalentes. Con respecto al contenido de polifenoles totales el T1 registro 910.13±26.68 µg AGE g-1, seguido por T2 con 807.83±9.23 y T3 reportó el menor contenido con 732.68±23.35 µg AGE g-1. Existe influencia de las estrategias de componentes utilizados en el rendimiento y contenido de polifenoles (AGE: ácido galico equivalente).

Background. No previous records of Tosale oviplagalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) as an agricultural pest have been found. In Peru, the Chinchao area is part of the conservation area of the Carpish Montane Regional Forest, currently an expansion area for passion fruit (Passiflora ligularis Juss) cultivation and is home to endemic insect species that can access new food resources in the areas with crops. of cultivation. In 2019, the first reports of damage to granadilla fruits caused by these insects emerged. Objective. To register T. oviplagalis species for the first time as an agricultural pest in granadilla fruits and to showe its damage. Methodology. The larvae of the species were collected together with the immature damaged fruits of granadilla between the months of February and August of the year 2019, in the Chinchao-Huánuco-Peru area located between 2110 to 3690 masl; Subsequently, the breeding in the laboratory and the respective identification were carried out. Damage observations and descriptions were made in the field and in the laboratory. Results. In the larval state, the insect pierces the fruits, enters and feeds on the internal part of the epicarp, on its way it forms tunnels under the epidermis and usually takes refuge internally in the insertion of the peduncle, they complete their development and in the last stage occupying the same entrance orifice, they abandon the fruit, letting themselves fall to the ground to pupate. Implications. The study presents new information on the pest habits of the species T. oviplagalis. Conclusions. The species T. oviplagalis is recorded for the first time as a pest on the fruits of granadilla (P. ligularis). It was possible to show its damage, at the beginning with a small hole in the fruit through which the larval entered, completely deteriorated fruits and the complete development of the larva within the damaged fruit.

El presente estudio titulado, liderazgo directivo para la educación virtual en una institución educativa de Perú; tuvo como finalidad determinar la influencia del liderazgo directivo para la educación virtual, realizándose una investigación con descriptiva-cuantitativa; profundizando el conocimiento científico de las dos variables Liderazgo y Educación Virtual, utilizando un diseño de campo lo cual permitió que los docentes aportarán la información de la institución educativa, cuya muestra fue de 85 docentes que laboran en ella, respondiendo un instrumento tipo cuestionario, que consistió en (48 ítems), el cual se validó con la intervención de cuatro expertos, de acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos se obtuvo el puntaje Wald de 16.892 > 4; por lo que se concluye de manera relevante que el liderazgo directivo para la educación virtual en la institución educativa es una fortaleza para que se comparta la nueva experiencia representada por la herramientas tecnológicas para el logro del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje.

Objetivo: Este artículo describe el plan de implementación, avance y direcciones futuras del centro de investigación académica y educativa eLISE (e-Learning Integrated STEM Education Center), cuya fundación pretende estrechar la colaboración entre Taiwán y Vietnam en e-Learning y educación en STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) en el marco de3 vs la Nueva Política hacia el Sur, un proyecto a largo plazo propuesto por el Gobierno Taiwanés que busca el fortalecimiento de las relaciones entre los países surasiáticos.Originalidad/aporte: Aporta a la reflexión sobre la promoción de la cooperación internacional en innovación, investigación científica y tecnológica, así como en el análisis de políticas públicas guiadas hacia la innovación en e-Learning y educación en STEM.Método/estrategias de recolección de información: Las etapas del proceso de investigación e innovación fueron: (1) Módulo y material de innovación e-Learning y educación: aplicación de test, talleres de formación de profesores y entrevistas (2) Innovación e-Learning y evaluación STEM mediante observación de CloudClassRoom, además de Gamified Electronic Audio Response System y Google Bert.Conclusiones: La descripción de la implementación de eLISE, la explicación del desarrollo de currículos innovadores y la implementación de los talleres de profesores, así como el intercambio de talentos y la cooperación entre industria y academia releva la importancia de cultivar talentos y fuerzas de trabajo educados en e-Learning y STEM que busquen el desarrollo regional y la prosperidad para Taiwán y Vietnam.

Introduction: the removable dental prostheses is a rehabilitation treatment that returns the functions to the stomatognathic system; for its successful action it is necessary responsibility and commitment between the professional and the patient on hygiene and mode of use. Objective: to determine the hygienic condition of the removable acrylic prostheses in patients attended in the dental clinics at San Gregorio de Portoviejo University in the period March - August 2019. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a validated questionnaire and observation worksheet. All participants in the research provided handwritten signature informed consent form before answering the questionnaire and being examined. Descriptive statistics, frequency and percentage were applied. Results: a total of 100 patients were evaluated, with higher prevalence in females (74%), and 50 years of age or more (54%). The results show that 53% of the patients use prostheses made for five or more years, and 94% have not attended subsequent checks. The mechanical method (86%) is the most used to sanitize the prostheses, and in 65% of the prostheses was observed accumulation of bacterial plaque and food debris. Most patients (78%) wear their prostheses throughout the day (24 hours) and about half have clinical signs of subprosthetic stomatitis (46%). Conclusions: Most patients do not comply with the rules of hygiene and use of removable prostheses so a change is needed in their education and monitoring.

The purpose of this study was to analyze exercise behavior and health promotion behavior in Taiwanese older adults who regularly participated in exercise courses in an elderly community care center. This analysis was done according to the Theory of Planned Behavior. A survey was conducted on 100 older adults (more than 65 years old) of Central Taiwan. After eliminating the invalid questionnaires, 87 questionnaires were taken back successfully (valid response rate = 87%). Questionnaire data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. It was found that the ability to maintain exercise was the most important factor for engaging in health promotion activities. The participation in health exercise courses in a community care center can help older adults to maintain good physical health and can increase social interaction and participation in the community. Therefore, the community health exercise courses are an effective strategy to maintain the regular exercise behavior of older adults in Taiwan.

Article accepted. The article will be published here soon. Pending final quality checks.

El desarrollo e integración de la tecnología digital, en el contexto social actual, hace necesario el diseño de propuestas educativas que contribuyan a fortalecer los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje a través de recursos y materiales didácticos que aporten dinamismo, flexibilidad e innovación. Un enfoque que está ganando popularidad, en el escenario internacional, consiste en abordar la enseñanza de la tecnología, la programación y el pensamiento computacional desde primeras etapas escolares. En este trabajo se presentan algunos de los resultados alcanzados mediante el desarrollo de una experiencia formativa sobre aprendizaje del pensamiento computacional en educación infantil. El estudio corresponde a un diseño cuasi-experimental con medidas pretest-postest, sin grupo control. La muestra de participantes fue de 44 estudiantes y 2 profesores, de un colegio concertado, en Salamanca, España, durante el periodo 2017-2018. Las actividades consistieron en la resolución de problemas con retos de programación utilizando una interfaz tangible y otra gráfica. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron una rúbrica, cuestionarios y diario de campo. Los resultados generales muestran la existencia de diferencias entre el pretest y el postest, lo que indica que se generó un avance en referencia al aprendizaje del pensamiento computacional mediante la característica explorada. Además, se evidencia una aceptación positiva de las actividades entre estudiantes y profesores. El estudio representa una valoración inicial sobre la adquisición de habilidades de pensamiento computacional y programación en etapas educativas tempranas. /// The development and integration of digital technology, in the current social context, makes it necessary to design and implement educational proposals that contribute to strengthening the teaching-learning processes through resources and didactic materials that provide dynamism, flexibility and innovation. One of the approaches that is gaining popularity in the international scenario is to approach the teaching of technology, programming and other digital skills such as computational thinking from an early age. This paper presents some of the results achieved through the development of a formative experience to foster the learning of computational thinking in early childhood education. The study corresponds to a quasi-experimental design with pretest-postest measures, without control group. The sample of participants was 44 students and 2 teachers, from a concerted school, in Salamanca, Spain, during the period 2017-2018. The activities consisted of solving problems with programming challenges using a tangible and a graphical interface. The data were collected through a rubric, questionnaires and field diary. The general results show the existence of differences between pretest and postest, which indicates that an advance was generated in reference to the learning of computational thinking through the explored characteristic. In addition, there is a positive acceptance of the activities between students and teachers. The study represents an initial assessment of the development of programming and computational thinking skills in young children using tangible and graphical learning interfaces.

Introducción: El dengue es una de las enfermedades más importantes trasmitida por mosquitos; sin embargo solo existe una vacuna licenciada, la cual está registrada en 20 países. Sin embargo, la vacuna no podrá ser administrada en niños menores de nueve años de edad, dado el elevado riesgo de hospitalización observado en este grupo etario. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo de nuevos candidatos vacunales y estrategias de inmunización continúan siendo una prioridad para la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la comunidad científica. Objetivos: el presente trabajo describe los resultados obtenidos de la combinación en esquemas complementarios de dos tipos de candidatos vacunales: las proteínas recombinantes y los virus vivos atenuados. En un primer acercamiento, el candidato vacunal tetravalente Tetra DIIIC se administró en primates no humanos previamente infectados con virus dengue. En un segundo estudio se evaluó la combinación de Tetra DIIIC y la formulación tetravalente de virus vivos atenuados por vía molecular TV005, desarrollada por el Instituto de Salud de los Estados Unidos y licenciada a la compañía vietnamita Vabiotech. Métodos: Se utilizaron en los estudios primates no humanos sanos de la especie Macaca mulatta. El candidato vacunal tetravalente Tetra DIIIC, consiste en las proteínas recombinantes DIIIC-1-DIIIC4, correspondientes a los cuatro serotipos del virus dengue, adyuvadas en alúmina. La formulación tetravalente de virus vivos atenuados TV005 por Vabiotech incluyó las cepas virales DENV-1 Nauru/74 (WP), DENV-2 Tonga/74, DENV-3 Sleman/78 y DENV-4 Dominica/81. Resultados: Los resultados demuestran que la administración de Tetra DIIIC ocho meses después de la infección pudo activar la respuesta específica de las células B y T contra el DENV. Además, se demostró que los animales inoculados con Tetra DIIIC (una o dos dosis) y luego inmunizados con TV005 desarrollan una respuesta de anticuerpos protectora contra los cuatro serotipos del DENV y que la respuesta inmunológica generada por la Tetra DIIIC reduce la viremia LATV significativamente, lo cual pudiera reducir la reactogenicidad que ha afectado a este último durante los ensayos clínicos. Los resultados aquí descritos resaltan la posibilidad de combinar nuestro candidato vacunal Tetra DIIIC con la vacuna tetravalente del virus vivo atenuado en una estrategia reforzada de inmunización. El presente estudio respalda las estrategias reforzadas como alternativa y enfoques promisorios que solucionan los problemas asociados a cada antígeno individual incluido en la combinación.

The citrus row middle habitat changed profoundly beginning in the 1970s as mowing replaced disking for weed management. This change ended the costly cycle of cutting and regrowing citrus roots near the soil surface and reduced soil erosion, among other benefits. Mowing also allowed a seasonal succession of native plants to flourish, providing a more stable and diverse habitat for both beneficial and harmful organisms.

The importance of biobanks has long been mooted, and multiple models of development and operation can be found as a result of many actors founding biobanks (from institutions starting disease-specific banks to governments starting national population biobanks). Many countries began developing biobanks in the absence of national policies to aid in that formation. Taiwan was one such country. Believing that the unique genetic makeup, distinctive lifestyles, and disease-causing factors of the Taiwanese people deserved study, Taiwan took steps to create Taiwan Biobank. This paper examines Taiwan Biobank’s development and governance and focuses on two matters in particular which generated consternation during the development of Taiwan Biobank: the position adopted in relation to autonomy and ethnicity; and the approach toward transparency and internal governance. It concludes that Taiwan Biobank’s conflict-ridden evolution represents a cautionary tale, an example of how not to develop a flagship resource.

The objective of this paper is to discuss Malaysian classroom practices, as seen through historical and socio-cultural lenses, and the classroom as a space where socio-historical transformation plays out. Malaysia’s formal education system was largely based on a British colonial structure, and still today continues to maintain much of the system established during British colonial rule. Key socio-cultural building blocks also came into being during colonial times, but these have given way to decidedly more locally driven social-historical ideas since Malaysia’s independence in 1957. We explore whether some of these social-historical changes could have contributed to the shaping of contemporary Malaysian classroom discourse. A previous study found that such discourse was almost entirely and persistently monologic, but why was monologic discourse so dominant and so homogenously employed throughout the country? What goes into the shaping of such narrow displays of classroom discourse? This paper examines the socio-historical roots that may have shaped the monologic patterns of contemporary Malaysian classroom discourse. We argue that two far-reaching forces within the macrosystem contributed to shaping classroom practice over time: the first related to the underlying colonial and post-independence rule/government structure, and the second to Malaysia’s particular socio-cultural character.

Context: Over the last ten years, many research studies concerning pharmacists’ perceptions of generic medicines have been conducted worldwide, although this issue remains underexplored in Vietnam. Aims: To evaluate pharmacists’ views on generic medicines and to investigate the generic substitution practices in community pharmacies in the context of Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional survey comprising a 24-item self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 480 pharmacists in eleven provinces in southern Vietnam between December 2016 and March 2017. The main outcome measures were pharmacists’ views on generic medicines. Results: Of the 480 pharmacists who received the questionnaire, the effective response rate was 35.63% (n=171 pharmacists); however, 45 pharmacists chose all three correct generic names. Some 47.3% of respondents indicated that all the products that are approved as exhibiting generic equivalence can be considered therapeutically equivalent to the innovator drugs. Yet, 25.2% of respondents agreed that generic medicines are of inferior quality to branded medicines. The pharmacists who graduated from universities and those who had undergone only a short period of training differed significantly in terms of their knowledge and perceptions. About 60.2% of pharmacists recommended generics over branded products. Approximately 89% of respondents disagreed with the notion of implementing certain compulsory generic substitutions in Vietnam. Conclusions: The pharmacists who had completed only a short training period exhibited a lack of knowledge regarding generic names. This issue should hence be addressed by both pharmacy educators and relevant government agencies in order to ensure the wider use of generic products.

Context: According to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO), there were 1.4 million deaths worldwide in 2015 from tuberculosis (TB), with 3.9% being new cases and 21% being previously treated cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Aims: To review the literature concerning the costing analysis situation of MDR-TB treatment. Methods: The study was conducted as a systematic review, with a modified checklist being used as the vital instrument. A search was performed of three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus) using the terms (cost OR economic, socioeconomic, expenditure, burden, fee, charge, budget impact) AND (resistance OR multidrug resistance, MDR) AND (tuberculosis OR TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in order to identify relevant articles published from 2006 to the present. Results: A total of 1238 abstracts were identified, and 12 papers were ultimately included in the study. The quantity of the published articles was found to increase during in the period 2008 to 2016. Almost all the studies were based on patients’ and healthcare systems’ perceptions. The main data sources used were medical establishments and the reports of various relevant organizations. Primary data were used twice as much as secondary data. All the costing types, including direct costs and indirect costs, were mentioned, albeit not with the same frequency. Conclusions: Africa owns one-third of the articles included. Further, it was found that MDR-TB should be treated using ambulatory care rather than hospital-based models. Future research studies should focus on Asia, where drug resistance has proved to be a challenging issue.

El clima es un atributo del destino capaz de influir en el comportamiento turístico, especialmente en aquellos segmentos motivados por el ocio y la recreación al aire libre. En turismo náutico, el clima es esencial, porque condiciona la realización de la actividad náutica. Frente a la escasez de investigaciones que estudien la relación entre clima y comportamiento náutico, este artículo propone un modelo de regresión logística ordinal, que permite medir el impacto del clima en la cantidad de actividades náuticas, el número de visitas al destino y la satisfacción global del turista, y compararlo con el efecto del resto de atributos. Como resultado de encuestar a 201 turistas náuticos, nacionales y extranjeros, de visita en la Ruta del Sol (Ecuador) en el 2015, se ha podido comprobar que la satisfacción climática del practicante náutico es esencial para garantizar su satisfacción con el destino. El estudio también pone de relieve el efecto dominante que ejerce el clima sobre el comportamiento náutico y la fidelidad del turista extranjero, lo que demuestra la importancia de trabajar en el diseño de productos y servicios con información climático-meteorológica, para la gestión del turismo náutico internacional en este destino. Sin embargo, en aras de elevar la fidelidad y estimular el consumo náutico del mercado nacional, se requiere trabajar en otros aspectos, que se descubren a lo largo de este trabajo.

Nautical tourism is a strategic sector for the development of tourism in Spain and the sustainability of its traditional destinations, even though there are few studies on the area. The sector is a priority concern for the Canary Islands, and there is a clear public commitment to specialise and reposition the destination on a European level. The present article has been developed as a result of surveying 122 European yachtsmen on route to the Canary Islands between the years 2013 and 2014. It analyses their travel preferences and motivations and contrasts their evaluations and perceptions of the ports and the destination itself. The results provide the opportunity for developing recommendations for business model designs and for tourism management and promotional strategies.

The elderly people in Cambodia are confronting multiple sources of vulnerability; these include living with poorness, health functional disabilities, health issues, social isolation, and limited opportunities to get involved. The government of Cambodia is concerning about the welfare of the elderly, as expressed in the National Development Strategy where government pledges its commitment to promoting the welfare of the elderly by protecting and ensuring that the elderly people are provided with basic needs. On the other hand, social protection in Cambodia has been largely neglected or addressed with inadequate tools and insufficient funds, which leads Cambodia to vulnerability. The principal purpose of this review is to produce a summary of overall social protection system and government associated with the elderly in Cambodia.

Nautical tourism is considered to be an under-exploited research area, taking into account its evolution and growth prospects. The present study was conducted with nautical tourists during their visit to the Canary Islands and Morocco between 2013 and 2014. Our aim is to better guide the creation of new joint businesses by determining the most demanded activities among the nautical tourists that visit this part of the world. Some findings indicate that tourists’ consumption and satisfaction vary between a nautical tourist that sails and a tourist motivated by other nautical activities, regardless of the destination they choose. The study also differentiates the nautical tourists’ preferences according to the most popular activities carried out at the destinations they are visiting, highlighting the role that resources such as “sea” and “nature” play as the main tourists’ motivations behind the trip. Finally, the results also reveal which elements of the nautical tourism products and services in offer are the current destinations’ weaknesses, according to the nautical tourists.

The nautical activiity has great potential for the socio-economic development of tourism. In Spain, the sector is a priority concern, especially for the Canary Islands, which show a clear commitment to specialise and reposition the destination as a top quality nautical destination on a European level. These aspects, together with the prior experience and tradition these islands have as a stopover destination for vessels in the Atlantic, when crossing Europe towards the Caribbean, represent strengths that have not yet been taken advantage of in the archipelago’s attempt to move away from its image as a traditional sun and beach destination. The Governmental Authorities in the Canary Islands have clear strategies in place to promote the yachting tourism growth. However, renewing the sector is believed to be a difficult process because of the large number of factors that interact within the same. This is a phenomenon of sufficient social and environmental significance to justify academic attention. This research analyses therefore the determinants of the European yachtsmen´s satisfaction with the ports of call of the Canary Islands. Data results of questioning 185 European yachtsmen crossing the Atlantic during 2014 and 2015 reveal that, among other aspects, proper environmental management of marinas leads to an increasing yachtsmen´s satisfaction. The findings provide the opportunity for developing recommendations for tourism managers and practitioners, in the attempt to contribute to a more sustainable and reasoned development and growth in the sector. Based on the current preferences of the European market of yachtsmen, it is possible to assure that environmental and social responsibility policies are a key differentiation factor for the competitiveness of the sector.

A história da humanidade tem demonstrado que a inovação é uma das forças motrizes e um dos meios para sustentar a evolução e criação de vantagem competitiva em um cenário de mudanças. Dada a importância da inovação no contexto empresarial e organizacional, o presente trabalho realizou um estudo bibliométrico estruturado nos artigos compreendidos entre 1990 a 2007 das duas revistas mais importantes na área de Estudos Organizacionais: Administrative Science Quarterly e Organization Science. O objetivo foi a compreensão da evolução dos estudos relacionados à inovação sob ótica dos elementos da organização. O resultado demonstrou uma tendência crescente em estudar a inovação com base em redes de conhecimento e alianças, assim como a manutenção da importância, ao longo do tempo, daqueles que abordaram a inovação e a organização como instrumento social. Outra contribuição deste trabalho é o agrupamento dos artigos estudados mediante a técnica de cluster, com isso foi possível traçar um mapa sobre a situação da produção acadêmica da área envolvendo a inovação relacionada aos elementos organizacionais e sugestões para pesquisas futuras.

The importance of interaction between Operations Management (OM) and Human Behavior has been recently re-addressed. This paper introduced the Reasoned Action Theory suggested by Froehle and Roth (2004) to analyze Operational Capabilities exploring the suitability of this model in the context of OM. It also seeks to discuss the behavioral aspects of operational capabilities from the perspective of organizational routines. This theory was operationalized using Fishbein and Ajzen (F/A) behavioral model and a multi-case strategy was employed to analyze the Continuous Improvement (CI) capability. The results posit that the model explains partially the CI behavior in an operational context and some contingency variables might influence the general relationsamong the variables involved in the F/A model. Thus intention might not be the determinant variable of behavior in this context.

The Gulf of Paria is bordered by both Trinidad and Venezuela,from which various metallic pollutants and other contaminants can originate.The Gulf is still a significant source of fish,crabs and shellfish for human consumption to both countries,where concerns over the quality of this marine environment have been long expressed but never properly addressed.In addition,the circulatory current patterns in the Gulf ensure that contaminants originating from either country are likely to affect both countries eventually.Heavy metals were determined in oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae and C.virginica ),green mussels (Perna viridis )and sediments from the Gulf of Paria.Samples were obtained at four sites in Trinidad and three sites in Venezuela in the Gulf of Paria,in addition to comparative samples collected from three sites on the north coast of Venezuela.Edible tissues of twelve shellfish from each location were blended and aliquots digested with concentrated nitric acid, for extraction of cadmium,chromium,copper,lead,nickel and zinc.The solutions were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy.Mercury was extracted with a mixture of nitric,hydrochloric and sulphuric acids and determined by cold vapour atomic absorption.Sediments were oven-dried at 60°C, before being similarly extracted.Results showed that mercury in sediments at all sites in Trinidad and Venezuela exceeded NOAA and Canadian sediment quality guidelines,while cadmium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc also exceeded these guidelines at several sites.Heavy metal levels in oysters and green mussels varied widely with location. However,oysters from the Gulf of Paria contained significantly higher mean levels of cadmium,copper,nickel and zinc than those from the north coast of Venezuela, but this difference was not apparent in mussels.Cadmium, mercury and zinc in sediments were significantly correlated with those of mussels,but not of oysters,in which copper and zinc at several sites in the Gulf of Paria exceeded local maximum permissible levels (Cu =20 µg g-1 wet wt; Zn =50 µg g-1 wet wt)for human consumption. These findings indicate that while mussels may be better biological indicators of heavy metal pollution in sediments than oysters,the latter may provide copper and zinc contamination.Further research is needed to determine the most appropriate biological indicators of heavy metal and other pollutants in the local marine environment and to develop protocols for their use.El Golfo de Paria está rodeado por Trinidad y Venezuela y es una fuente significativa de peces y moluscos para el consumo humano.Se extrajo muestras de ostras (Crassostrea rhizophorae y C.virginica ),mejillones (Perna viridis )y sedimentos de cuatro sitios de Trinidad y tres de Venezuela en el golfo,así como muestras de tres localidades de la costa norte de Venezuela.El tejido comestible homogenizado de 12 moluscos de cada localidad fue usado para la extracción de metales pesados.El cadmio, cromo,cobre,plomo,níquel y zinc fueron analizados por espectroscopía de absorción atómica a la llama y el mercurio fue determinado por vapor al frío.Las ostras del Golfo de Paria presentaron concentraciones significativamente más altas de cadmio,cobre,níquel y zinc que las de la costa norte de Venezuela;pero esa diferencia no fue aparente en los mejillones.El mercurio en los sedimentos en todos los sitios y también el cadmio,cobre,níquel,plomo y zinc de varios sitios excedieron los niveles permisibles de las normas canadienses y estadounidenses.Los valores de cadmio, mercurio y zinc en los sedimentos se correlacionaron significativamente con los de los mejillones,pero no con los de las ostras.En las ostras los valores de cobre y zinc en varios sitios en el Golfo de Paria excedieron los límites máximos permitidos para el consumo humano.Los mejillones pueden ser mejores indicadores de contaminación de metales pesados en sedimentos,pero las ostras pueden indicar mejor la contaminación por cobre y zinc.Se necesita determinar el indicador biológico más apropiado en la determinación de metales pesados y otros contaminantes en el ambiente marino local,y desarrollar protocolos para su uso.