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Vanilla Sky (2001), de Cameron Crowe, normalmente se aprecia como un juego intelectual; no obstante, su temática es mucho más oscura que lo que dicha etiqueta podría sugerir. Mientras recorre las diferentes fases del sueño de David Aames (un sueño en el que se mueve de una pretensión de amor a una de homicidio), nos damos cuenta de que David padece un trastorno de la autoestima. Utilizando como referencia Atracción Fatal (1987), de Adrian Lyne, para demostrar la incapacidad de tener en cuenta las necesidades de otros, la película de Crowe nos muestra un caso práctico de trastorno narcisista de la personalidad. David mata porque no es capaz de aceptar las exigencias de otros, ya que supondría para él ponerse en una condición inferior a la autosuficiencia. No resulta sorprendente, por lo tanto, su horror cuando al final de la película se despierta y descubre que su amante sigue viva.

"Eureka" (1848) has been taken at face value as an expanded version of a lecture on cosmology that Poe gave earlier the same year. However, its seriousness as a work of science should be questioned. Its treatment of themes found in other works by Poe shows the author’s unconcern for consistency, and the text unlikely to have resulted from a serious engagement with scientific argument. Instead it should be approached as a hoax: an attempt to reveal the gullibility of its readers. Poe’s hoaxes relied for their effect on the trust created in readers by their recognition of generic conventions, and Eureka exploited and ridiculed public trust in cosmological lecturers such as John Bovee Dods.

Eureka (1848) ha sido considerado superficialmente como una versión expandida de una conferencia sobre cosmología que Poe había dado ese mismo año. Sin embargo, la seriedad de este trabajo como un trabajo científico debería ser cuestionada. El tratamiento de algunos temas, que se encuentran en otros escritos de Poe, muestra que el autor no busca ser consistente. Entonces, el texto no parece el resultado de un interés serio por la argumentación científica. Por el contrario, debería ser considerado un engaño: un intento de revelar la credulidad de los lectores. Los engaños de Poe contaban con el hecho de que el reconocimiento de convenciones de género llevan a la confianza, y Eureka aprovecha y ridiculiza la confianza pública en conferenciantes cosmológicos como John Bovee Dods.

For many decades, states and the federal government have used both qualitative and quantitative studies to inform policy decisions, yet there have been longstanding concerns among qualitative researchers that their work is treated as second class. This paper examines an alternative construction of the problem. Policymakers in states and federal agencies treat policy research as tools of state—instruments to be used by policy makers—a practice in conflict with the moral stance of many qualitative researchers. Recognizing this problem, I provide guidance for constructing quantitative and qualitative research to inform decisions on policies on equity in preparation for, access to, and academic success in higher education without undermining the researchers’ quest for truth.

Mathematics education is a critical public policy issue in the U.S. and the pressures facing students and schools are compounded by increasing expectations for college attendance after high school. In this study, we examine whether policy efforts to constrain the high school curriculum in terms of course requirements and mandatory exit exams affects three educational outcomes – test scores on SAT math, high school completion, and college continuation rates. We employ two complementary analytic methods – fixed effects and difference in differences (DID) – on panel data for all 50 states from 1990 to 2008. Our findings suggest that within states both policies may prevent some students from completing high school, particularly in the near term, but both policies appear to increase the proportion of students who continue on to college if they do graduate from high school. The DID analyses provide more support for math course requirement policies than mandatory exit exams, but the effects are modest. Both the DID and fixed effects analyses confirm the importance of school funding in the improvement of high school graduation rates and test scores.

Resumo Uma série de 89 espécies da floresta brasileira, nas quais as características da raiz e a condição da micorrliza V-A eram conhecidas, foram usadas para testar um aspecto da hipótese de raiz magnolióide de Baylis. Um teste estatístico não-paramétrico mostrou uma significativa associação entre as características da raiz magnolióide e a infecção V-A.

Abstract A rapid method for screening phenolic content in leaves is described and evaluated. The method is based on a treated paper strip that is squeezed around a leaf with pilars. Weaknesses of the method are some subjectivity, lack of precision, and apparent insensitivity to phenolics present as glycosides. Strengths include its speed and independence of laboratory facilities. Immediate testing of leaves following detachment appears to be essential. The crude extraction in the field compares favorably with a more conventional extraction technique. The method is recommended for use in preliminary screening of plant material when a large number of species must te examined within a short time and when laboratory facilities are not available at the field site.

The genus Elodea Richard in Michaux was first published in 1803 (Fl. Bor.-Am. 1: 20, 1803), based upon the single species. E. Canadensis from Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Though this was stated to have perfect flowers, it is now certain that the holotype specimens and the plants in nature are dioecious. Very abundant are plants bearing pistillate flowers with three stigmas and three acicular staminodia. Staminate plants are rare, but occur throughout the natural range of the species. Their flowers have nine stamens, but no trace of a gynoecium. Two well known species are now separated and placed in the genus Egeria Planch., a group just monographed by the writer. Left in Elodea are seventeen species. These are to be found in two broad areas, the northern ones in the United States and southern Canada; the southern ones in South America. As yet there is no evidence of any indigenous species of Elodea in Central America.The genus Elodea Richard in Michaux was first published in 1803(Fl. Bor.-Am. 1: 20, 1803), based upon the single species. E. Canadensis from Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Though this was stated to have perfect flowers, it is now certain that the holotype specimens and the plants in nature are dioecious. Very abundant are plants bearing pistillate flowers with three stigmas and three acicular staminodia. Staminate plants are rare, but occur throughout the natural range of the species. Their flowers have nine stamens, but no trace of a gynoecium. Two well known species are now separated and placed in the genus Egeria Planch., a group just monographed by the writer. Left in Elodeaare seventeen species. These are to be found in two broad areas, the northern ones in the United Statesand southern Canada; the southern ones in South America. As yet there is no evidence of any indigenous species of Elodea in Central America.

RESUMEN La determinación por parte de la Organización Mundial de la Salud de que el brote de enfermedad por el virus del Ébola constituía un evento de salud pública de importancia internacional llevó a los países que no estaban afectados a aplicar medidas para prevenir y detectar la introducción del virus en sus territorios y para reaccionar frente a ella. El brote brindó la oportunidad de evaluar la aplicación operativa de las capacidades básicas del Reglamento Sanitario Internacional y la preparación de los sistemas de salud para hacer frente a un caso posible o confirmado de enfermedad por el virus del Ébola. Un marco rector de salud pública aplicado en los países de América Latina y el Caribe, que abarca autoevaluaciones preparatorias, visitas a los propios países y seguimiento, sugiere que esa región debe aumentar sus esfuerzos por consolidar y mantener los progresos en las capacidades básicas y en la preparación del sistema de salud para hacer frente a eventos de salud pública que tengan repercusiones a escala nacional o internacional.

Resumo Simbioses micorrizais do tipo vesicular-arbuscular são muito importantes na nutrição mineral de plantas económicas e nativas. Não obstante exista muita especulação sobre o papel desses fungos em ambientes tropicais, a distribuição e ecologia deles nesta região é pouco conhecida Neste estudo, foi realizado um levantamento para determinar os efeitos de quatro sistemas de manejo e três profundidades de solo na proporção de raízes infestadas, número de esporos e número de raízes por unidade de área de uma superfície vertical em um perfil de solo. Não havia diferença entre sistemas de manejo na proporção de raízes infestadas ou número de raízes infestadas ou número de esporos. Na parcela de floresta havia mais raízes no solo superior. Havia um grande efeito de profundidade na proporção de raízes infestadas e número de raízes em todos os sistemas de manejo.

Resumo A proliferação de raízes em matéria orgânica é um componente importante no ciclo de nutrientes nas florestas tropicais úmidas. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma tentativa de definir um possível mecanismo de controle dessa proliferação. Folhas parcialmente decompostas da leguminosa Clitoria racemosa foram esterilizadas e colocadas em vidros com plântulas da mesma espécie. Uma metade dos vidros foi Inoculada com terra contendo bactérias e fungos da liteira. A outra metade recebeu porções do material esterlizado. As plântulas com inóculo vivo produziram em média 106 ± 30 pontas de raiz por plântula, enquanto as com Inóculo esterilizado produziram 60 ± 12 pontas de raiz. Concluiu-se que um componente biótico da matéria orgânica decomposta é capaz de induzir ramificação de raízes, provavelmente por meio de um hormônio como etileno ou auxina.