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This article reports some of the main achievements of the EU-funded PRINCIPLE project in collecting high-quality language resources (LRs) in the legal domain for four under-resourced European languages, namely Croatian, Irish, Norwegian and Icelandic. After illustrating the significance of this work for developing translation technologies in the context of the European Union and the European Economic Area, the paper outlines the main steps of data collection, curation and sharing of the LRs gathered with the support of public and private data contributors. This is followed by the description of the development pipeline and key features of the state-of-the-art bespoke neural machine translation (MT) engines for the legal domain that were built using this data. The MT systems were evaluated with a combination of automatic and human methods to validate the quality of the LRs collected in the project; the high-quality LRs were subsequently shared with the wider community via the ELRC-SHARE repository. The main challenges that were encountered in this work are discussed, emphasising the importance and the key benefits of sharing high-quality digital LRs.

Symbolic interactionism (SI), a perspective used to understand human conduct, is commonly said to underpin grounded theory methodology (GTM). However, the purpose of GTM is to produce substantive explanatory social theory from data without reliance on prior assumptions. Therefore, some argue that SI is an unnecessary theoretical constraint on the principal aim of GTM—the free conceptualization of data. In this article we use examples from an ongoing constructionist grounded theory study into the negotiation of nurses' roles in general practice in New Zealand, to demonstrate how SI can inform GTM regarding conceptual development and context. We argue that by asking three questions from a symbolic interactionist perspective, at each stage of the research process, freedom of conceptualization may be enhanced and awareness of contextual matters promoted to better bridge world views.

Objetivo: Determinar los factores sociodemográficos asociados a la depresión en estudiantes de una secundaria pública del estado de Querétaro, México. Método: Investigación cuantitativa, alcance descriptivo-correlacional y corte transversal. Muestra conformada por 418 estudiantes. Recolección de información por medio de una cédula de datos sociodemográficos e Inventario de Depresión de Beck-IA (BDI-IA). Análisis por estadística descriptiva en el programa SPSS, en tanto que la estadística inferencial se realizó en el software R a través de Ji cuadrada de Pearson a partir de una tabla de contingencia para el nivel de depresión y cada factor sociodemográfico. Se proporcionó el consentimiento y asentimiento informado, respetando en todo momento la confidencialidad, libertad y voluntad en la participación de los adolescentes. Resultados principales: 57.7% mujeres, 49% estaban inscritos al primer año, 62.4% acudía a clase en el turno matutino, 91.9% se dedicaba sólo a estudiar y 58.1% practicaba deporte. 16% presenta leve perturbación del estado de ánimo, 5.3% depresión intermitente, 4.3% moderada, 1.9% grave y 1% depresión extrema. En la correlación sexo y nivel de depresión se obtuvo X2=33.833 (p=8.062e-07), grado escolar y nivel de depresión X2=21.288 (p=0.006421), práctica deportiva y nivel de depresión X2=13.195 (p=0.01036), turno y nivel de depresión X2=5.5836 (p=0.2325), ocupación y nivel de depresión X2=6.1243 (p=0.1901), nivel de depresión y con quien vive el adolescente X2=20.372 (p=0.06037). Conclusión general: Los factores sociodemográficos como sexo, grado escolar y práctica deportiva se asocian directamente a niveles de depresión en los adolescentes. El turno, la ocupación y con quien vive, son factores que no se relacionan con la presencia de depresión.

Research has highlighted that drop-out from youth sport has emerged to become a global trend with drop-out rates exceeding 30% in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a change in perceived support on intentions to drop out from youth sport at the end of a social support intervention. A pre-intervention examination of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in 2012 identified a 19.38% drop-out rate involving 3,491 participants between the ages of 12-16 years. A psychosocial intervention developed for the GAA called the Super Games Centre was delivered and evaluated over a 24-week period to 103 participants. The findings demonstrated that higher perceived available support was significantly associated with lower levels of intentions to drop out at the end of the intervention. Furthermore, social identity emerged as a significant mediating factor in explaining the association between changes in perceived support and intentions to drop out. A post-intervention examination in 2018 found that the GAA had established 95 Super Games Centres since 2015, and this has led to an increase in 7,012 new participants between the ages of 12-16 years. Future research and implications for social support intervention methodology are discussed.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the strengths and limitations of the Family Health Strategy from the perspective of health care professionals and the community. METHODS: Between June-August 2009, in the city of Vespasiano, Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil, a questionnaire was used to evaluate the Family Health Strategy (ESF) with 77 healthcare professionals and 293 caregivers of children under five. Health care professional training, community access to health care, communication with patients and delivery of health education and pediatric care were the main points of interest in the evaluation. Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals as well as to assess the statistical significance of the variables studied. RESULTS: The majority of health care professionals reported their program training was insufficient in quantity, content and method of delivery. Caregivers and professionals identified similar weaknesses (services not accessible to the community, lack of healthcare professionals, poor training for professionals) and strengths (community health worker-patient communications, provision of educational information, and pediatric care). Recommendations for improvement included: more doctors and specialists, more and better training, and scheduling improvements. Caregiver satisfaction with the ESF was found to be related to perceived benefits such as community health agent household visits (OR 5.8, 95%CI 2.8;12.1), good professional-patient relationships (OR 4.8, 95%CI 2.5;9.3), and family-focused health (OR 4.1, 95%CI 1.6;10.2); and perceived problems such as lack of personnel (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.2;0.6), difficulty with access (OR 0.2, 95%CI 0.1;0.4), and poor quality of care (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.1;0.6). Overall, 62% of caregivers reported being generally satisfied with the ESF services. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the limitations and strengths of the Family Health Strategy from the healthcare professional and caregiver perspective may serve to advance primary community healthcare in Brazil.

En 1802, el franciscano descalzo Mariano López y Pimentel, misionero de la provincia de San Diego de México, presentó al rey de España un plan profusamente elaborado con el que aseguraba se podría convertir a los millones de infieles nativos de América y Asia que aún esperaban ser salvados. El “Colegio de Misioneros Nacionales” albergaría a miles de niños nativos de ambos continentes, para ser formados como misioneros en su propia lengua. El proyecto parte de las dificultades que el fraile observó y cuestionó, en relación a los esfuerzos franciscanos practicados en las entonces llamadas Provincias Internas de la Nueva España y, para Asia, en la inspiración del padre Claudio Francisco Letondal, procurador de las misiones en China. El interés por el proyecto de López y Pimentel en este trabajo, radica en la percepción del fraile sobre la conquista espiritual en el norte novohispano, como expresión particular del contexto político de reproche a los efectos alcanzados en la conversión de los nativos.

This article looks at how a lifelong passion for the martial arts has influenced the writing of international bestselling thriller author Barry Eisler. His seven novels have garnered for him a reputation for authenticity, from his approach to fight scenes to the use of modern espionage techniques. Eisler discusses how he trained at the Kodokan, the birthplace of modern judo in Japan, and its impact on his anti-hero protagonist, John Rain. He also talks about the reaction martial artists have had toward his work. 2009 looks to be a major year for Eisler as his first non-Rain book hits bookstores and a movie based on his first novel is released.

Aquí se propone una lectura sinóptica de tres obras recientes que tienen en común la acentuación de aspectos filosóficos y teológicos del pensamiento areopagítico: Christian Schafer estudia la filosofía del CD en The Philosophy of Dionysius the Areopagite: An lntroduction to the Structure and the Content of the Treatise On the Divine Names (2006); William Riordan analiza la teología de Dionisio en Divine Light: The Theology of Denys the Areopagite (2008) y Beate Regina Suchla titula "Die Philosophische Theologie" la tercera sección de su obra DionysiusAreopagita: Leben-Werh-Wirhung (2008).

Wine tourism is experiencing significant development in both new and old European wine regions. In the case of the Canary Islands, wine has been produced and traded for centuries but little is known about the current state or potential for wine tourism on the islands, despite the fact that millions of tourists, including many potential wine tourists, visit the islands each year. In this exploratory study, the perspectives of winery owners and managers on wine tourism are examined via in-depth face-to-face interviews among 23 small winery operators to reveal that the scope for exploiting wine tourism on the islands has been recognized and that some wineries are either already involved in wine tourism, includ-ing as part of a wine trail, or plan to be more involved in the future. It was also discovered, that there were a number of issues that challenge the development of their wine and wine tourism industry, includ-ing competition from non-Canary Island wines and anti-drink-drive laws that are inhibit passers by to consume wine at the cellar door. Operators stressed the need to find a balance between mass tourism and the niche produce of wine. Moreover, the findings identify avenues for future research on wine tourism development in the Canary Islands.

Mientras el turismo del vino está desarrollándose en varias regiones vinícolas europeas, la evolución del mismo, o su potencial, en las Islas Canarias son poco conocidos. Este estudio exploratorio examina estas áreas entre 23 bodegas insulares. Los resultados revelan el potencial de desarrollo del turismo del vino en las islas, con bodegas que, o bien ya forman parte de este concepto, o planean acrecentar su participación. Los bodegueros entrevistados reconocen impedimentos que están frenando el desarrollo de la industria vinícola y del turismo del vino en las islas, incluyendo la competición de vinos foráneos y leyes del control de alcoholemia que inhiben el consumo del vino en bodegas entre los visitantes. Asimismo, los bodegueros perciben la necesidad de encontrar un balance entre el turismo en masa y el nicho del producto vinícola. Finalmente, el estudio propone áreas de futura investigación sobre el desarrollo del turismo del vino en Canarias.

In this paper, I argue that the emerging research strategy of political ecology needs to incorporate an active nature into its analysis of the commodification of natural resources and the politics of resource control. I make reference to earlier work among small rancher-farmers in Cucurpe, Sonora, where the nature of the crucial resources themselves--arable land, grazing land, and irrigation water--determined local agrarian politics as much or more as transnational market demand and Mexican federal agrarian policies. Then I examine water control in Arizona during the past century. I contend that one of the best ways to pursue political ecology is to focus upon the historical dialectic that determines how and why certain natural resources are converted into commodities at particular places and times and how commodity production transforms, and is transformed by, local ecosystems and local societies. Finally, I concur with anthropologist Thomas McGuire that this analysis must be resolutely empirical rather than based upon a priori models or assumptions.

El Volcán de Colima, el más activo en México, se encuentra actualmente en Ia fase explosiva de su actividad cíclica. El análisis de Ia historia volcánica indica que erupciones con caídas y flujos piroclásticos son probables en un futuro cercano. Se preparó un mapa de peligro para el Volcán de Colima basado en mapeo y secciones geológicas, documentos históricos sobre Ia actividad, análisis de Ia geomorfología e investigación de las características socio-económicas del área. Las áreas amenazadas por flujos piroclásticos, lahares secundarios, avalanchas y lavas están principalmente hacia el sur mientras que Ia caída máxima será fundamentalmente hacia el norte y este, aunque los vientos del suroeste también pueden propagar Ia ceniza en esa dirección. El suministro eléctrico, las corrientes de agua, las carreteras, el trafico aéreo y las comunicaciones pueden ser seriamente afectadas por una eventual erupción del Volcán de Colima.

Este artículo trata de cómo la pasión de toda una vida por las artes marciales ha influido en la obra de Barry Eisler, autor de novelas de suspense de éxito internacional. Sus siete novelas le han hecho ganarse una reputación de autenticidad, desde su aproximación a las escenas de combate al uso de técnicas del espionaje moderno. Eisler relata cómo entrenó en el Kodokan, la cuna del judo moderno en Japón, y su influencia en su protagonista antihéroe, John Rain. También habla de la reacción que han tenido los artistas marciales frente a su trabajo. El 2009 parece ser un gran año para Eisler, ya que su primer libro no centrado en la figura de Rain llega a las librerías y se va a producir una película basada en su primera novela.

Connecting intercultural research with Grounded Theory was advocated in the early history of intercultural theorising and includes the development of researchers' intercultural competencies. Such competency comes to the fore where intercultural theory places an equal emphasis on home and host cultures in migration research. In this context we have found a Grounded Theory approach particularly suitable for disentangling complex interlinkings within migration experiences and their individual outcomes. Grounded Theory allows for the exploration of various theories in different fields and the emergence of new or deeper interpretations of intercultural experiences, including where research has not engaged deeply with or avoided intercultural contexts. The use of software, based on Grounded Theory, provides the resource for systematically exploring the inter-related nature of data. In addition, engaging in intercultural research, in particular, raises questions around our practice as social science researchers: adherence to ethics guidelines, for instance, can be in some conflict with the relations we build with members of communities whose cultural values, for instance around friendship or trust, impact on the norms of both our own and institutional expectations. This leads to reflection on the relationship with research participants in terms of our own intercultural experiences and position. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0901363

En el largo y complejo proceso de conquista del espacio noreste novohispano el control de los indios nativos se intentó por tres vías básicamente: la vía militar sostenida en el uso de fuerzas presidiales para la defensa de los poblados no nativos y el castigo de los insumisos; la vía de la conversión a través del instrumento misional orientado a acotar el espacio de infidelidad; la vía de la colonización que podría calificarse como la expresión secular del proceso de conquista. Esta última, que podemos medir por la persistencia de los poblados civiles en zonas consideradas como fronteras de guerra, es tal vez el logro más fecundo del proceso. Por eso la máxima de "poblar para usar" habría de convertirse en uno de los objetivos más importantes de las políticas reales para esta sección del septentrión novohispano. Así, los objetivos primordiales que alimentaron el primer siglo de conquista, centrados básicamente en la conversión de los gentiles a la fe cristiana y, consecuentemente, en propiciar condiciones para su adaptación a una forma de vida opuesta a su ancestrales costumbres nomádicas, en el siglo XVIII pasaron a un plano menor subordinado al control definitivo de los espacios o territorios considerados como de dominio español Tomar, controlar y consolidar el espacio, en esencia conquistable al concebirse como un espacio "vacío", fueron actos más que justificables en el imaginario de los españoles que pisaron tierras del norte novohispano entre los siglos XVI y XVIII.

The papers resulting from the 1930s social research organisation, "Mass-Observation" were established as a public archive at the University of Sussex in the early 1970s. Since then they have attracted a steadily increasing number of researchers not only from within the academic community (from art history, social history, anthropology, psychology, sociology, media and cultural studies and literature) but also from the wider community (film, TV and radio programme makers, journalists, community workers, oral and local historians, novelists, playwrights and artists, photographers and documentarists, teachers and school students). This more recent use of materials which were originally collected for other purposes at other times has been substantial. As a result, the Mass-Observation Archive can be seen as a prime example of the ways in which social research data can be re-evaluated within new research frameworks, in response to new formulations of research questions, and even within entirely new methodological paradigms. This paper briefly describes the Archive and the history of its (secondary) exploitation. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0003266