Search

Objective: This research delves into the intricate interplay between antipsychotic medications and neuroprotection focusing on the S100B protein, a central player in the regulation of neuroapoptotic activity., Method: Blood samples were collected to assess serum S100B protein levels using an immunoassay of immunoelectrochemiluminescence. The first two samples were collected with a 3-month interval between each, and the third sample was obtained 6 months after the previous one. Changes in S100B protein levels throughout the study were assessed using Friedman's ANOVA test. This was followed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction to account for multiple comparisons., Results: This study involved 40 patients diagnosed with severe mental disorders (34 schizophrenia, 4 schizoaffective disorder, one bipolar disorder, and one borderline personality disorder). These patients had been receiving antipsychotic treatment for an average duration of 17 years. The results revealed that the S100B protein remained within physiological levels (median values 39.0 ng/L for the first sample, median values 41.0 ng/L for the second sample, and median values 40.5 ng/L for the third sample) with no significant changes (p = 0.287), with all anti-psychotic medicaments values consistently below 50 ng/L, a lower value compared to maximum range of 105 ng/L. Importantly, there were no significant differences in S100B protein levels between patients on monotherapy and those on combination antipsychotic therapy (p = 0.873), suggesting that combination therapy did not increase neuroapoptotic activity., Conclusions: These findings provide compelling evidence for the potential neuroprotective effects of long-term antipsychotic treatment in individuals with severe mental disorders. By maintaining physiological levels of the S100B protein, antipsychotic medications may help protect against neuronal damage and dysfunction. This research contributes valuable insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms of antipsychotic drugs, enhancing our understanding of their potential benefits in the treatment of severe mental disorders., (Copyright © 2024. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

Objective: This research delves into the intricate interplay between antipsychotic medications and neuroprotection focusing on the S100B protein-a central player in the regulation of neuroapoptotic activity., Method: Blood samples were collected to assess serum S100B protein levels using an immunoassay of immunoelectrochemiluminescence. The first two samples were collected with a 3-month interval between each, and the third sample was obtained 6 months after the previous one. Changes in S100B protein levels throughout the study were assessed using Friedman's ANOVA test. This was followed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction to account for multiple comparisons., Results: This study involved 40 patients diagnosed with severe mental disorders (34 schizophrenia, 4 schizoaffective disorder, 1 bipolar disorder, and 1 borderline personality disorder). These patients had been receiving antipsychotic treatment for an average duration of 17 years. The results revealed that the S100B protein remained within physiological levels (median values 39.0 ng/L for the first sample, median values 41.0 ng/L for the second sample, and median values 40.5 ng/L for the third sample) with no significant changes (p = 0.287), with all anti-psychotic medicaments values consistently below 50 ng/L, a lower value compared to maximum range of 105 ng/L. Importantly, there were no significant differences in S100B protein levels between patients on monotherapy and those on combination antipsychotic therapy (p = 0.873), suggesting that combination therapy did not increase neuroapoptotic activity., Conclusions: These findings provide compelling evidence for the potential neuroprotective effects of long-term antipsychotic treatment in individuals with severe mental disorders. By maintaining physiological levels of the S100B protein, antipsychotic medications may help protect against neuronal damage and dysfunction. This research contributes valuable insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms of antipsychotic drugs, enhancing our understanding of their potential benefits in the treatment of severe mental disorders., (Copyright © 2024. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

Objective: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is calculated routinely using creatinine-based formulas, but their reliability in the elderly is limited. The aim of this study was to analyse the concordance between the BIS1 equation which is specific for the elderly, and the usual CKD-EPI and MDRD-IDMS in a large population over 70 years of age., Material and Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study in which the eGFR was calculated using BIS1, CKD-EPI and MDRD-IDMS equations based on gender, age, and creatinine data of 85,089 subjects (58.5% women, mean age 78 years [IQR 73-83]).The following statistics were carried out: Wilcoxon test, Bland-Altman graphic analysis, study of the concordance using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and comparison tables for the classification of CKD., Results: The median of the eGFRs using BIS1 was 58mL/min/1.73m 2 (IQR 48-70), using CKD-EPI was 68mL/min/1.73m 2 (IQR 53-84), and using MDRD it was 68mL/min/1.73m 2 (IQR 53-82). The concordance between BIS1 and CKD-EPI (intraclass correlation coefficient =0.87) was found to be acceptable. It was lower with MDRD (intraclass correlation coefficient =0.81). A mean difference of 8mL/min/1.73m 2 (SD 2.6-18) was found BIS1 vs. CKD-EPI, and 10mL/min/1.73m 2 (SD 6-27) with BIS1 vs. MDRD, which was maintained when stratifying by gender and age groups., Conclusions: Despite the acceptable statistical agreement, the eGFR obtained with the BIS1 equation is not interchangeable with CKD-EPI or with MDRD-IDMS. The BIS1 equation gives lower values than CKD-EPI, and classifies patients into a higher level of CKD, mainly when the eGFR is above 30mL/min/1.73 m 2 ., (Copyright © 2019 Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus treated pharmacologically, analyse the prescription patterns of antidiabetic drugs and assess the degree of control over the disease in the province of Cadiz., Patients and Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted with the databases of the public health system of the Andalusian Health Service between 2014 and 2016, inclusive. Adults with treated diabetes (ATD) were considered those older than 14 years who had consumed at least 1 package of medication from the A10 group during the corresponding year covered by the study., Results: The prevalence of ATD varied between 8.65% and 8.83% from 2014 to 2016, respectively. Seventy-one percent of the ATD were treated with only noninsulin drugs, 11% were treated with insulin, and 18% were treated with a combination of both. For approximately one-third of the ATD, an HbA1c reading was not performed during each year. Sixty-nine percent of the assessed ATD in 2016 had an appropriate degree of control according to RedGDPS criteria (based on HbA1c and age)., Conclusion: The prevalence of pharmacologically treated diabetes in the province of Cadiz is high and appears to be increasing. The patients presented limited glycaemic control, to which inadequate follow-up in almost a third of the patients could be the major contributor., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI). All rights reserved.)

Introduction and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the brain damage caused by inhaled sevoflurane, by determining the concentration of serum S100B protein before and after the exposure to this drug as the only anaesthetic agent., Patients and Method: Paediatric patients undergoing general anaesthesia for the conduct of a nuclear magnetic resonance were included in the study. A venous blood sample was taken from each patient before (basal sample) and after (post-exposure sample) administering the general anaesthesia. The concentration of serum S100B protein was determined in the basal (S100Bb) and post-exposure sample (S100Bp)., Results: A total of 72 patients were included in the study, with a mean patient age of 2 to 13 years (median=6), 28 males and 44 females. S100Bp values (median=66.5ng/L) were significantly lower (P=.0059) than those of S100Bb (median=84.0ng/L). The median of the difference between S100Bp and S100Bb was -11.0ng/L., Conclusions: Inhaled sevoflurane at low doses causes a decrease of serum S100B protein levels, hence, this drug could have a neuroprotective effect in the central nervous system., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: S100B protein is a serum marker of cerebral damage. The objective was to evaluate the brain damage caused by general anaesthesia, by determining the concentration of serum S100B protein before and after of general anaesthesia., Patients and Method: Patients with chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy and indications for tonsillectomy were included. A venous blood sample was taken from the patients before general anaesthesia (basal sample). The patients were anaesthetised using the following intravenous anaesthetic drugs: midazolam, fentanyl and propofol; and inhaled sevoflurane. A second venous blood sample (postoperative sample) was taken from patients after the surgery, in the operating room. The concentration of serum S100B protein was determined in the basal sample (S100Bb) and postoperative sample (S100Bp) by immunoassay electro-chemiluminescence in MODULAR E-170 (Roche Diagnostics)., Results: Seventy-six patients were included, 46 males and 30 females, aged between 3 to 14 (median 5 years). In all the patients, serum S100B protein levels increased after general anaesthesia. The values of S100Bp (median 164.0 ng/L) were significantly higher than the values of S100Bb (median 94.5 ng/L). The median of the difference between S100Bp and S100Bb was 58.0 ng/L. There were statistically significant differences between S100Bb and S100Bp using the Wilcoxon test (P<.0001)., Conclusions: The concentration of serum S100B protein increased significantly after general anaesthesia. This indicates that general anaesthesia may cause brain damage., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: Parapneumonic effusions with pH < 7.20 or glucose < 0.40 g/l or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 1000 U/l have indication of treatment with endothoracic drainage tube (EDT). The aim of the present study was to determine the accuracy of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) measurement in pleural fluid for the subsequent treatment indication with EDT in parapneumonic effusions, by analyzing the area under curve ROC (AUC) and determining the optimal cut off value., Patients and Method: 207 pleural fluids were studied. Glucose, LDH, pCO2, and pH were measured, and data concerning the etiology of pleural effusion and whether EDT treatment was needed were collected after patients were discharged from hospital., Results: Forty-six out of 207 pleural fluids studied were parapneumonic effusions. Thirty-two were treated with EDT. AUC values were 0.888 (p < 0.0001), 0.890 (p < 0.0001), 0.816 (p < 0.0001), and 0.801 (p < 0.0001) for pCO2, pH, glucose, and LDH, respectively. No significant differences were found among them. Optimal cut off value for pCO2 was 48.6 mmHg, exhibiting 90.6% sensitivity and 78.6% specificity. All parapneumonic effusions showing pCO2 > 60.9 mmHg were treated with EDT. Remarkably, 3 out of 46 parapneumonic effusions (6.5%) that had been improperly treated following pH, glucose or LDH values, were correctly treated following pCO2., Conclusions: pCO2 determination in pleural fluid appears to be the best way to decide the indication of EDT in parapneumonic effusions.