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Manuel A. Rojo Guerra presenta la recensión dle trabajo "Reflejos del neolítico ibérico : La cerámica boquique : Caracteres, cronología y contexto / Alday Ruiz, A. (Ed.)

Typical hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is an exanthematous viral disease with a classic symptomatology of fever, papulovesicular rash on the hands and feet with or without herpangina. It is usually caused by enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16, members of the genus Enterovirus. Recently, worldwide outbreaks of HFMD with atypical manifestations caused by Coxsackievirus A6 have been described. Atypical HFMD is considered an emerging disease due to its peculiar clinical and epidemiological characteristics: it affects adults, has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in the extension and distribution of the lesions and occurs in winter. The morphological characteristics of the lesions are very variable and can be misdiagnosed as chickenpox, impetigo or vasculitis. Here we describe the symptoms, clinical evolution, diagnostic methodology and treatment employed on a 4-yearold male patient with atypical HFMD., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Background and Objective: Vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome are 2 very common health problems in the Spanish population. It has been suggested that patients with metabolic syndrome may be vitamin D deficient more often than subjects without it and that low vitamin D levels may predispose to metabolic syndrome development. However, the results of prospective and intervention studies have been different and such relationship remains unclear. We assessed the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome., Patients and Methods: We undertook a population-based cohort study in Spain. At baseline (1996-1998), 1,226 subjects were evaluated. Follow-up visits were performed in 2002-2004 and 2005-2007.At baseline and follow-up, participants underwent an interview and a standardized clinical examination with an oral glucose tolerance test in those subjects without known diabetes. At the second visit, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and intact parathyroid hormone levels were measured., Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome at the second and third visit was 29.4 and 42.5%, respectively. Mean levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were lower in subjects with metabolic syndrome: 21.7 (6.21) vs 23.35 (6.29) ng/ml, P<.001.The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D<20 ng/ml) at the second evaluation was 34.7%, with significant differences between subjects with and without metabolic syndrome(34.6 vs 26.5%, P<.01). Men with vitamin D deficiency had more frequently hypertension and metabolic syndrome than men with normal levels. Women with vitamin D deficiency had more frequently hyperglycemia, hypertension, increased waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia. In a prospective study, 25-hydroxyvitamin D values<20 ng/ml were not significantly associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome in the next 5 years (odds ratio 0,99, 95% confidence interval 0.57-1.7, P=.97) after adjusting by sex and age., Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased prevalence but not with an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: Although elder abuse is not a new phenomenon, it remains hidden. There have been carried out various preliminary studies about the prevalence of elder abuse in different countries. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of suspicion of elder abuse in old persons without cognitive impairment, dwelling in community, who were attended in Primary Health Care or Social Services Centres., Patients and Method: We carried out a transverse study in which 340 elders participated., Results: We found a 12.1% prevalence of suspicion of elder abuse. Psychological abuse suspicion was the most frequent type and it was very common the simultaneous presence of different types of abuse (psychological and physical and sexual). The suspicion of elder abuse was more frequent in women and spouses were responsible in a high great frequency., Conclusions: The information obtained allows advancing in the knowledge of elder abuse in Spain, where the research about this issue is poor. However, the prevalence found neither has to be considered as a social alarm nor as a social slackness., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)

This work is the natural continuation of the project conducted by the Spanish Geriatrics and Gerontology Society (SEGG) and the Institute for the Elderly and Social Services (IMSERSO) and under the auspices of the World Health Organisation and Geneva University, called "Global response to abuse and neglect of the elderly: Building Primary Health Care Services capacity to deal with a worldwide problem". The carrying out of this work has been made possible due to funding by the Institute for the Elderly and Social Services (IMSERSO) in the framework of the National Plan for Scientific Research, Development and Technological Innovation 2004-2007. The general aim of this project was the validation of the tool for detecting suspected elder abuse, called (Elder Abuse Suspicion Index, EASI) as well as the Social Worker Evaluation Form (FETS) which is used for the confirmation of suspected abuse cases. After obtaining the results, the questionnaires obtained as a result of the linguistic and cultural adaptation of EASI and FETS are presented., (Copyright © 2009 SEGG. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: It is usually assumed that social desirability increases with ageing, correlates with measures of emotional well-being, and represents a potential threat to research in older adults, and should therefore be systematically controlled. However, this assumption is controversial and lacks a strong empirical basis. The present study aimed to analyze the association between social desirability and measures of emotional well-being, as well as to test for age-related differences in the changes produced in emotional state after experimental anxiety induction., Material and Methods: We randomly assigned 149 individuals (92 university students and 52 older adults) to one of three groups: a control group and two intervention groups in which anxiety was experimentally induced., Results: Social desirability scores were significantly higher in older persons (Hedges'g=1.22). No statistically significant correlations were found in any age group between social desirability and measures of emotional well-being. Likewise, in a series of univariate ANOVAs, no differences were found according to the degree of social desirability in changes in emotional state after anxiety induction. Overall, social desirability was not related to the changes produced by experimental anxiety induction., Conclusions: The present study confirms the association between social desirability and age. However, social desirability did not seem to correlate with emotional well-being in any age group. Moreover, social desirability was not related to changes in emotional state after experimental anxiety induction. These results do not support the view that social desirability is a threat to the validity of experimental studies in the elderly.

The present article describes the results of the application of the project <> in Spain. This project is a collaboration between the Spanish Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology and the Institute of the Elderly and Social Services with the World Health Organization and the University of Geneva.

Introduction and Objectives: The aim of this work is to compare the effectiveness of two psychoeducational interventions for dementia caregivers: a cognitive behavioral one (PCC), aimed at the modification of dysfunctional thoughts about caregiving, and another one consisting in problem solving skills training (PSP) for caregivers, with the aim of modifying the behavioral problems of their relative., Subjects and Methods: Seventy five caregivers were asked to participate in an intervention program, of whom 31 finally completed the study. Both group interventions are compared with a control group (CG). The caregiver groups were randomly assigned to each experimental condition. Pre, post intervention, and follow up assessments of the following variables have been made: depression, perceived stress, frequency of behavioral problems, perceived stress associated with the behavioral problems and dysfunctional thoughts about caregiving., Results: Following the intervention, caregivers in the PCC program show significantly less perceived stress than the other two groups. In the same direction, a trend exists to a significant reduction of the stress associated with the behavioral problems. In the follow up assessment, caregivers of the PCC program significantly report less relative's behavioral problems than the other two groups. Caregivers of the PCC program have less dysfunctional thoughts than the other two groups, differences almost reaching significance., Conclusions: Benefits of a psychoeducational intervention vary as a function of the contents it includes. The importance of intervening on the caregiver dysfunctional thoughts for an adequate coping with caregiving is highlighted.