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During pregnancy, the microbiomes of the mouth, vagina and intestine undergo changes to adapt to the demands of the body, increasing the relationship and similarity between them. Therefore, it is pertinent to consider a literature review to determine the existence of influencing factors for a specific microbiome, which could also modify others. An example is the case of the mouth microbiome that is dependent on the intimate activities of the female, and therefore could be a factor that relates to preterm labor.