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Climate change requires the designing of strategies that mitigate the damage to people’s daily life. One of the most notable consequences of climate change in the Iberian Peninsula is flooding, the frequency and social and economic impact of which have increased in recent decades. As a result, a change of paradigm in flood risk management has been identified, with the social dimension of the disasters acquiring more importance. This paper presents a review of the theoretical and empirical approaches in relation to flood risk, emphasizing the contributions made in the field of environmental psychology. Two main objectives are pursued: to build an appropriate conceptual framework for the analysis of flood risk and to provide professionals in this field with the necessary practical resources to deal with problems that require psycho-socioenvironmental intervention.