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In the globalization and migration era, the paternalistic model in healthcare is affected by a new direction giving way to patient prominence and, therefore, activation. The diversity of patients in the Spanish medical consultations involves different communicative scenarios in which the medical interpreter and translator plays a crucial role as for example the delivery of documents addressed to the patient in the medical consultation with foreign patients. In this paper, we integrate research in informed consent from readability and comprehensibility. A qualitative and quantitative study on how professional dentists perceive the interpreters’ role is carried out. The needs of a sample of native and foreign patients as users are also covered., En esta era de globalización y migración, el modelo sanitario paternalista se ve afectado por un nuevo rumbo donde el paciente también adquiere protagonismo y, por ende, un papel activo. La diversidad de pacientes que acuden cada día a los centros sanitarios españoles comporta distintos escenarios comunicativos para los que la figura del traductor e intérprete médico ocupa un papel fundamental. Uno de estos escenarios es la entrega de documentos dirigidos a pacientes en la consulta médica con pacientes extranjeros. El presente trabajo revisa las líneas de investigación del consentimiento informado desde la legibilidad y la comprensibilidad. Se presenta un estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo sobre la percepción de los odontólogos profesionales del papel del intérprete y las necesidades de una muestra de pacientes autóctonos y extranjeros como receptores.

Empowerment is a widely used word within the realm of health care. This is especially true in the case of patients living with a chronic illness, who may be active participants and learn to manage their disease, irrespective of their desires or preferences. This paper focuses on the empowering experience of patients with chronic conditions. We have built on earlier research that explains the factors that mediate communication between health care professionals and patients: patient participation, patient impact, meaning, health care professionals’ information provision, health care professionals’ emotional support, health care professionals’ attentive listening, health care professionals’ trust and patient collaboration. We propose a new model for detecting types of patients who differ in the way they live their empowering experience. Using survey data from a sample of 181 patients of hemophilia, we found two types of patients: patients with an inner locus of empowerment and patients with an outer locus of empowerment. We conclude by discussing different strategies for fostering the sense of power in each of these types of patients., This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the 2011–2015 Call for R&D projects (ECO2012-31300). The authors thank the Spanish Federation of Hemophilia and Spanish Society of Haemostasis and Thrombosis for their collaboration in the collection of data, and student Lucía Huergo for her participation in the creation of online Web Financial support from the Cátedra Extraordinaria Fundación Ramón Areces de Distribución Comercial is gratefully acknowledged.

Estamos viviendo un cambio social en la sanidad sin precedentes en la historia de la humanidad. La sociología moderna intenta explicar este cambio mediante los conceptos de modernización reflexiva, vida o sociedad líquida o fin de la historia. Este cambio social se traduce en un nuevo modelo de pacientes más informado y con unas mayores expectativas con respecto a la sanidad y a la salud. Mayor información no supone mejor conocimiento y más responsabilidad sobre la salud. Para ello se requiere aumentar la consciencia social e individual de las personas como agentes de salud y como usuarios responsables. La Universidad de los pacientes aparece como proyecto orientado a aumentar la alfabetización sanitaria y cívica de la población y como necesidad de adaptar los sistemas sanitarios a las nuevas necesidades generadas por un nuevo modelo de usuario. We are experiencing a social change in health that is unprecedented in the history of humanity. Modern sociology attempts to explain this change using concepts of reflexive modernisation, liquid life or society, or the end of history. This social change results in a new model of patient who is better informed and has greater expectations with respect to healthcare and health. More information does not mean better understanding and more responsibility with respect to health. For this to occur, it is necessary to increase the social and individual conscience of people as health agents and as responsible users. The University of the Patients emerges as a project directed towards increasing the health and civic literacy of the population and from the need to adapt the health systems to the new needs generated by a new model of user.