Search

Objective: to identify the diverse scientific evidence on the types of skin lesions caused due to the use of Personal Protective Equipment in health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and to verify the recommended prevention measures., Method: this is an integrative review carried out in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Web of Science and SciELO databases. The search was conducted in a paired manner, constituting a sample of 17 studies categorized according to the types of skin lesions and preventive measures., Results: the main types of skin lesions related to mask use were stage 1 pressure ulcers, acne and cutaneous depression. Regarding the use of glasses and face shields, the most frequent were stage 1 and 2 pressure ulcers. Xerosis and irritant contact dermatitis occurred due to using gloves and protective clothing, respectively. The main preventive measures recommended were using hydrocolloid or foam dressing in the pressure regions, moisturizers and emollients., Conclusion: a considerable number of skin lesions associated with using the equipment were noticed, and the data obtained can guide the professionals in identifying risks and promoting preventive measures to avoid their occurrence.

Objectives: to evaluate Patient Safety actions carried out by nurses in the Administration of Medicines in Pediatrics., Methods: observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study carried out in 2018, with 25 nurses from a Hospital in Peru. 183 observations were made; the instrument Safety of the patient was used in the administration of medicines in Pediatrics Spanish version. The performance of the professionals was evaluated by the Positivity Index., Results: of 22 itens observed, five were adequate, five were safe, two were classified as borderline and ten as endurable among those who stand out; Bring to bed only medications prescribed for a single child and maintains an adequate record of prepared medications that will be stored., Conclusions: weaknesses were observed in the medication administration process, since only 10 itens were classified as safe or adequate, reinforcing the need for permanent education activities by the institution for nursing training.

Objective: To determine associations between respiratory nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions in patients submitted to thoracic or upper abdominal surgery., Method: Cross sectional quantitative study. Participants were 312 adult patients within the first 48 hours after thoracic or upper abdominal surgery. Patients were examined by the research team using an instrument with variables related to the respiratory function. The research team established the presence/absence of three nursing diagnoses and proposed interventions using the NANDA-I classification and the Nursing Interventions Classification. Correlations were tested using the chi-square or Fisher's test., Results: From the total 312 examinations, ineffective airway clearance was present in 185 (59.3%) assessments, ineffective breathing pattern in 123 (39.4%), and impaired gas exchange in 141 (45.4%). Significant correlations showed that patients with ineffective airway clearance were more likely to require pain management (or: 2.27), chest physiotherapy (or: 2.96), and positioning (or:1.8), while patients with impaired gas exchange were less likely to require airway management (or: 0.13) and chest physiotherapy (or: 0.28)., Conclusions: Patients with ineffective airway clearance had more chances of requiring pain management, chest physiotherapy, and positioning, while the nursing diagnosis impaired gas exchange was related with airway management and chest physiotherapy. The findings provide basis for nurses to develop effective care plans and to minimize postoperative respiratory complications., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: to evaluate the respiratory status of postoperative adult patients by assessing the nursing outcome Respiratory Status., Method: descriptive, cross-sectional study developed with 312 patients. Eighteen NOC indicators were assessed and rated using a Likert-scale questionnaire and definitions. Descriptive and correlative analysis were conducted., Results: the most compromised clinical indicators were coughing (65.5%), auscultated breath sounds (55%), and respiratory rate (51.3%). Factors associated with worse NOC ratings in specific clinical indicators were sex, age, pain, and general anesthesia., Conclusions: certain clinical indicators of respiratory status were more compromised than others in postoperative patients. Patient and context-related variables can affect the level of respiratory compromise.

Objective: to analyze the accuracy of the defining characteristics of the Impaired gas exchange nursing diagnosis in children with acute respiratory infection., Method: open prospective cohort study conducted with 136 children monitored for a consecutive period of at least six days and not more than ten days. An instrument based on the defining characteristics of the Impaired gas exchange diagnosis and on literature addressing pulmonary assessment was used to collect data. The accuracy means of all the defining characteristics under study were computed., Results: the Impaired gas exchange diagnosis was present in 42.6% of the children in the first assessment. Hypoxemia was the characteristic that presented the best measures of accuracy. Abnormal breathing presented high sensitivity, while restlessness, cyanosis, and abnormal skin color showed high specificity. All the characteristics presented negative predictive values of 70% and cyanosis stood out by its high positive predictive value., Conclusion: hypoxemia was the defining characteristic that presented the best predictive ability to determine Impaired gas exchange. Studies of this nature enable nurses to minimize variability in clinical situations presented by the patient and to identify more precisely the nursing diagnosis that represents the patient's true clinical condition.

Objective: To determine the baseline prevalence and incidence rates of Impaired Gas Exchange (IGE), Ineffective Airway Clearance (IAC) and Ineffective Breathing Pattern (IBP) in children with acute respiratory infection., Method: A prospective open cohort study was conducted in two public hospitals specialized in child care in the months from January to June of 2011. The sample consisted of 136 children with acute respiratory infection, which lasted a minimum of six and maximum of ten consecutive days. The data were collected through examination of the child and interviews with their parents. The diagnostic inference process was developed by trained nurses., Results: The three diagnoses showed high rates at the beginning of follow-up period, with a reduction in the days after. There were similar rates of IBP and IGE. The temporal development of IBP was similar to that of IAC, but in lower proportions. Incidence rates in cases per 100 person / day were to IAC 39.28, 17.04 for DIG, and 13.31 for PRI., Conclusion: The three diagnoses studied appeared early and in high proportions. New cases of IAC appear more quickly when compared to the other two diagnoses., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)