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Este ensayo explora dos aspectos del concepto griego de phrónesis. Por un lado, el que está estrechamente relacionado con el concepto aristotélico de «virtud» y es que, en efecto, es un tipo de «meta-virtud». Por otro lado, el concepto se aborda también desde las teorías de la práctica y del razonamiento práctico de un modo más general. Argumento que estos dos aspectos están estrechamente relacionados, y que pueden ser entendidos como dos versiones de la misma cosa. Esta relación llega a ser especialmente clara cuando exploramos la pregunta de cómo la phrónesis se aprende. Para terminar, se expone cómo nuestro entendimiento de la phrónesis se amplía cuando tenemos en cuenta cómo se aplica en contextos complejos.

In this article, we discuss how technology-based learning methodologies developed in primary and secondary education can offer useful approaches to higher education instruction. For example, young and adult Spanish speakers are often used to participating in discussions and debates in their English as a Foreign Language (EFL) courses. This paper highlights how this model can help support a wider collaborative, ubiquitous learning environment that supports in-class and out-of-class interactions that allow 21st century second-language learners to work with other peers in building (digital) knowledge and forming stronger arguments in English. This article emphasizes that mastering communication skills, cooperation, and collaboration through a combination of learning technologies are themselves necessary 21st century skills in today’s citizens. These capabilities can help to establish a continuous lifelong learning orientation when dealing with education at different stages of life. We will conclude that higher education assessment strategies need to be transformed in order to appreciate these collaborative, digital and EFL students’ outcomes.

The mean and variance of the acoustic field forward propagated through an ocean waveguide containing random internal waves is modelled using a normal mode formulation [1] that takes into account the 3-D interaction of the acoustic field with medium inhomogeneities. The effects of dispersion, attenuation and redistribution of modal energy due to random multiple scattering in the forward azimuth are treated analytically. The inhomogeneous medium's scatter function density is modelled using the Rayleigh-Born approximation to Green's theorem to account for random fluctuations in density and compressibility caused by the internal waves. The generalized waveguide extinction theorem [2] is applied to determine the attenuation due to scattering from the internal wave inhomogeneities. Simulations for typical continental shelf environments quantitatively show how coherent and incoherent acoustic field intensities vary with range, depth and internal wave field properties

Theoretical and empirical evidence are synthesized to show that underwater acoustic sensing techniques may provide a valuable tool for measuring the wind speed and determining the destructive power of a hurricane.This is done by first developing a model for the acoustic intensity and mutual intensity in an ocean waveguide due to a hurricane and then determining the relationship between local wind speed and underwater acoustic intensity. From this it is shown that it should be feasible to accurately measure the local wind speed and classify the destructive power of a hurricane with a single underwater acoustic sensor.The potential advantages and disadvantages of the proposed acoustic method are weighed against those of currently employed techniques

In an era when people can carry the Internet in their pocket, teaching and learning must be reconsidered. The increased use of handheld and portable devices, along with pervasive wireless networking, means that structured learning opportunities are becoming an “any time, anywhere” enterprise. We talk about this shift in terms of ubiquity: the traditional divide between formal and informal contexts of learning is breaking down. Technological as well as social, cultural, and institutional changes mean that learning is a continuous possibility. The essay concludes with some brief observations about the implications of these changes for the professional training and development of teachers.

FRAX® es un algoritmo de cálculo de riesgo que estima de forma individual las probabilidades de riesgo a 10 años de fractura de cadera y fracturas mayores por osteoporosis. Ha sido ampliamente utilizado desde 2008 cuando fue lanzado. Se encuentra incorporado a numerosas guías de manejo y tratamiento en el mundo. En esta revisión, se explora el desarrollo de FRAX y cómo mejora la predicción del riesgo al compararlo con la medición de la densidad mineral ósea, así como diferentes formas de utilizar esta herramienta para determinar las intervenciones y los umbrales de evaluación. También se discuten las limitaciones de FRAX y los ajustes matemáticos que se han propuesto para superarlas. FRAXplus incluye estos ajustes en una plataforma de aplicación fácil que permite mejorar las decisiones terapéuticas en la osteoporosis.

Dialect variation in intonation is a widely attested phenomenon in the cross-linguistic literature (see Warren 2005a) and also in the literature on Spanish (Prieto & Roseano 2010, Sosa 1999). Prieto and Roseano (2010) provide an edited volume on the transcription of Spanish intonation for ten different dialects of the language. Two of these chapters characterize the intonation of Spanish spoken in northern and central Spain, but no information is offered on varieties spoken in the southern Andalusia area. This paper is designed to fill this gap in the literature as it investigates the acoustic properties of a series of F0 contours produced in an intonation survey by nine speakers from Jerez de la Frontera, a coastal city located in the southwest province of Cádiz, Spain. Speech data were analyzed in Praat (Boersma & Weenink 2011) following the original Sp_ToBI transcription system (Beckman, Díaz-Campos, McGory, & Morgan 2002) and the revised system put forth in Estebas-Vilaplana and Prieto (2008). Results show that neutral and biased statements were communicated by the L* L% vs. L+H* L% contrast, respectively. Confirmation questions show a variety of patterns based on the speaker’s belief of the proposition in question. Two configurations are possible for information-seeking wh-questions, H+L* L% and L+¡H* L%. Commands are the only prag-matic intent for which the M% boundary tone is used, and vocatives are characterized by L+H* HL% in neutral and marked intents. Although Jerezano Andalusian speakers share intonational characteristics with other varieties of European and American Spanish, there are important differences that motivate a thorough investigation of this language variety. Finally, dialect comparisons are provided to achieve a more comprehensive account of intonational variation in Spanish.

Plasminogen deficiency is a very rare multisystem entity that affects different tissues of the economy through the deposition of fibrin-rich pseudomembrane and determines a heterogeneous and diverse clinical presentation. It is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner by mutations of the PLG gene on chromosome 6 and can be divided into hypoplasminogenemia or type I and dysplasminogenemia or type II, the latter not related to clinical pathology. Severe plasminogen deficiency has a prevalence of 1.6 individuals per million inhabitants and although it can be diagnosed in adulthood, the most severe symptoms are observed in infants and children. The most common form of onset is the so-called woody conjunctivitis, characterized by fibrin membranes that are deposited on the eyelids since childhood, causing exophytic lesions that affect vision. It can also affect other mucous membranes such as the gingival, respiratory, oropharyngeal, digestive and genital mucosa, among others. We present a rare case of severe plasminogen deficiency with conjunctivitis and woody cervicitis who was admitted with clinical acute abdominal symptoms, associated with a tumor mass due to pseudomembranous deposition in the ascending colon that simulated inflammatory bowel disease and resolved spontaneously.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or Wegener's disease is characterized by a granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower airways and kidney. It involves the lower respiratory tract causing subglottic tracheal stenosis, which occurs in approximately 22% of patients. We report two females aged 40 and 52 years, admitted to the hospital with a subglottic tracheal stenosis. Their symptoms and management are reviewed. The first patient responded to rituximab. The second patient required a tracheostomy.

Dyspnea and hypoxemia in a patient with cancer may have several causes, including infections, thromboembolism, metastases, and pulmonary injuries by drugs. We report a 47-year-old female with breast cancer and a 70-year-old male with urinary bladder cancer who were admitted for dyspnea, hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension. Chest X rays and CT scans were normal. The ventilation-perfusion scintigram was highly suspicions of thromboembolism in the female. The male died 16 hours after admission and the post mortem examination revealed the presence of tumor cells in the pulmonary vasculature.