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Myiasis is a pathology caused by the infestation of fly larvae species which affects vertebrates’ tissues or organs including humans. It can be classified entomologically or according to tissue tropism. Intestinal myiasis is rare and difficult to diagnose given its non-specific symptoms; the only way to confirm a case is by identifying the expelled larvae. This is the first case of intestinal myiasis reported in the department of Nariño (Colombia) in a 6-year-old child from a low-income family in the urban area of the municipality of Policarpa where there is no adequate treatment and no disposition of wastewater and basic sanitation conditions are insufficient. The clinical case was related to chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, and anal pruritus with the subsequent expulsion of a larva identified by its morphological characteristics as Eristalis tenax fly larva.

Miasis is the infestation of man and animals by larvae of flies belonging to the order Diptera, suborder Cyclorrapha. Eighty percent of miasis in Argentina is caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax, a species that induces pronounced tissue invasion and destruction, and results in severe clinical forms. Because of the aggressiveness of its larvae, it is important to reach a specific etiological diagnosis. We present four cases of miasis by C. hominivorax in two patients living in the city of Buenos Aires but working in a rural area and two patients living in the Greater Buenos Aires.

Ophthalmomyiasis is the ocular infestation by dipterous larvae. It has been described in patients from rural areas, poor hygiene, or contact with animals. However, there are sporadic reports of this infestation in urban areas. We present the case of a young man without risk factors, from an urban area in southern Peru, in whom we found 10 larvae at ocular conjunctiva. The larvae were identified as Oestrus ovis, a fly that usually infests sheep and goats as part of their life cycle. We made a brief review of the case, highlighting the importance of adequately identifying the species that cause myiasis as well as its life cycle.

Objective: To report a case series of external ophthalmomyiasis in a region of Spain together with its common epidemiological factors and treatment., Material and Methods: A presentation is made of four clinical cases of patients with external ocular myiasis caused by Oestrus ovis larvae., Results: Ocular myiasis is a parasitic infection by larval stages of flies. It can affect the ocular globe externally and / or internally, with the former being the most frequently found condition. The organism that mainly affects the eyes is the Oestrus ovis larvae., Conclusion: Ocular external myiasis is a rare condition that occasionally can occur in humans. In this case series, a common risk factor for infection is established: the previous exposure to livestock and / or agricultural activity. An adequate diagnosis and treatment could avoid the transition from external to internal form, as well as its complications., (Copyright © 2018. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

Clinical Case: A 46-year-old woman with no relevant medical history, native of Honduras and resident in Spain for one and a half months. The patient went to the Emergency Department due to inflammation of the upper eyelid of the right eye, with an area that simulated an abscess. This was drained (obtaining hardly any purulent content). Treatment was prescribed with oral and topical antibiotics, as well as an anti-inflammatory drug. One week later the patient returned, with improvement of the inflammatory signs, but with discomfort and corneal erosions. After eversion of the upper eyelid, a «worm» type parasite emerged from the tarsus. The extraction was completed with a clamp, and was later identified as Dermatobia hominis (Dh) by examination of a fresh specimen. The subsequent outcome of the patient was favourable., Discussion: Preseptal cellulitis in patients from tropical and sub-tropical areas can be caused by Dh., (Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Oftalmología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Nosocomial myiases can be an important condition from a public health perspective. However, cases of this condition reported in regional and worldwide biomedical literature are scarce., Objective: A case of nosocomial myiasis is reported from Costa Rica, where the species involved was Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)., Materials and Methods: A 91-year-old patient with signs of immunosuppression, severe impairment of lung function, and mechanical ventilation presented larvae in both nostrils on the seventh day after admission. Five specimens were collected and processed for identification., Results: The taxonomic identification of the specimens established that the muscoid fly species was L. cuprina., Conclusion: This is the first case of nosocomial myiasis reported from Costa Rica and in Latin America for which the etiological agent is L. cuprina.

Cochliomyia hominivorax causes 80% of human myiasis in Argentina. Nowadays, its geographic distribution covers tropical South America and an important region of Argentina. In the present report, two clinical cases of otomyiasis by C. hominivorax in pediatric patients assisted at the Hospital de Clinicas of Buenos Aires, Argentina are described. The relevance of the taxonomic identification lies in the fact that this species produces severe symptoms owing to the capacity of its larvae to drill the bones and cause the host's death.

Myiasis is a parasitic infestation of human or animal skin, necrotic tissues and natural cavities by fly larvae or pupa. In this paper we will describe the case of a 27 years old woman, asymptomatic, that spontaneously eliminated from her vagina two Eristalis tenax larvae, a worldwide distributed fly specie, classified as an accidental myiasis agent. The patient lived in an urban area, she had low socioeconomic status and she had the antecedent record of use of intravaginal vegetables as sexual stimulator. Analyzing the case and the references, we concluded the patient had an accidental infestation by E. tenax, being the vaginal introduction of vegetables the most probable mechanism of transmission. This kind of infestation has not been communicated in the literature. Also, this is the first documented case of E. tenax myiasis in Chile.

Human myiasis is the parasitism of human tissues by fly larvae. Diagnoses are based on clinical pattern of tissue damage and presence of insect stages. Herein, a case myiasis is described in a seven-year-old female child. She presented with fever associated with abscessed scalp lesions containing exposed larvae. Severe pediculosis was also observed. The patient was hospitalized and treated with clindamycin, gentamicin (for bacterial secondary infections) and ivermectin (treatment for lice) after which the patient showed clinical improvement and was discharged four days later. Since human myiasis can be caused by a number of different species, larvae were collected from the patient and identified as those of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Because other cases of coinfestation of flies and lice are on record, health workers are to be alerted about the possible pediculosis-myasis risk.

Myiasis is the infestation of live human and vertebrate animals with dipterous larvae which, at least for a short period, feed on the host's dead or living tissue, liquid body-substance, or ingested food. The objective of this study was to identify the flies producing myiasis in Bahía Blanca city, Argentina, from 01/03/2000 to 31/05/2005. Seventeen clinical cases were studied. The larvae obtained from lesions were forwarded from laboratories and from public and private hospitals. Part of the larvae were fixed in alcohol 70 masculine and processed according to the Mazza & Jörg technique (1939). The other part continued growing in flasks with meat in laboratory conditions to obtain the adults. The etiological agents of myiasis were identified by observing the diagnostic characteristics of the larvae III and of the adults, and by using taxonomic keys. Myiasis was produced by Cochlyiomia hominivorax (Coquerel) in thirteen of the cases and by Phaenicia sericata (= Lucila sericata) (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the other four. The cases were traumatic and aural myiasis and happened from December to March. The ages of patients were four to eighty-six years and 76.5% of the cases occurred in male patients. Given the aggressiveness of these larvae, mainly C. hominivorax, in causing human myiasis, the importance of specific and quick diagnosis and of adequate treatment must be acknowledged.

Furunculoid myiasis is malignant parasitation caused by larvae of the botfly Dermatobia hominis. It is endemic to Southern Mexico and Central and South America. We report here on the case of a patient living in Mexico's Federal District who was infested with Dermatobia hominis, and who had a history of travel to Costa Rica. A review of the literature regarding this uncommon ailment in the Valley of Mexico is also presented.

The progressive increase in the number of people traveling to tropical countries has led to imported diseases becoming of increasingly greater importance. Cutaneous myasis (or fly larva infestations) are found among this type of diseases particularly frequent in tropical countries. Based on the observation of a case of massive cutaneous myasis by Cordylobia antropophaga of a 34 year old woman upon her return from a trip to Senegal, a review has been made of the major cases of furunculoid cutaneous myasis published in Spain, as well as of the biology, pathology, treatment and prevention of human myasis by Cordylobia anthropophaga. The aforesaid case was characterized by the infestation of an unusually large number of larvae, the etiology of which was not suspected until the final stage of the disease. Although the cases of cutaneous myasis are not as serious as other imported diseases, a knowledge of this disease is necessary from the preventive, diagnostic and curative standpoint. It is important to proceed to the identification of the larvae by distinguishing them from another type of myasis involving different therapeutic implications.

Background: Microbiologic diagnosis of conjunctival ophthalmomyiasis., Material and Methods: Material extracted from three patients' conjunctiva who complained of sudden presence of foreign body and were diagnosed as conjunctival ophthalmomyiasis has been studied. Patients were recruited over two months from the Emergency Department. Diagnosis was performed through observation using the light microscope., Results: Oestrus ovis first-instance larvas were observed in all the samples studied., Conclusions: This observation of similar cases in a short period of time and the low frequency of diseased people who lived in a urban environment makes necessary to think in this agent as cause of ophthalmomyiasis in our area and therefore perform an adequate differential diagnosis.

Human myiasis are infestations produced by fly larvae which invade human tissues or cavities. We report a case of semi-specific myiasis which consisted in infestation of the vulvar region of an eighty-six-year old, diabetic patient who was admitted in a clinical center for elderly. The development from larva to adult fly was carried out in the laboratory and it was identified as Sarcophaga. The infestation was resolved extracting the larvae and washing the affected area with an antiseptic solution.

Myiasis is a well known conditions among veterinarians, as it causes ravages in cattle. However, in men is at least infrequent, even rare, as judged from the uncommon reports in the literature. We report two cases of human autochthonous myiasis, which can be described as "urban". They appeared in the same geographical area, and flies of the genera Sarcophaga and Lucilia were implicated.

Fly larvae are responsible for animal disease well known by veterinarians. However, their finding in humans in nontropical countries is a rarity. Recently, we have found several larvae of Lucilia sericata in an achondroplastic child during the phase of lengthening of both tibiae with osteotax. We think that the myasis diagnosed in our patient is the first such case reported in the literature. For the time being, it should be considered a fortuitous finding and not as a complication of surgery.