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Abstract Can Well-being Be Measured? Reflections on the Spatial Dimension of the OECD Better Life Index Indices developed by international research organizations assume value in the adoption of new policies. This paper aims to present the role that these indices have taken on in order to investigate the methodology adopted and understand the role that the space between the indicators used takes on. Specifically, the Better Life Index that the OECD develops is examined, analyzing and mapping the indicators used. Some critical issues emerge, and in particular the absence of the spatial dimension among the parameters considered. The paper reflects on the relevance of this gap and highlights the importance of the relationship with space in assessing well-being.

(1) Background: Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders often experience psychological distress, which can affect the quality of childcare they provide. It is crucial to screen for psychiatric symptoms among these parents. The core symptom index (CSI) is a widely recognized tool used to assess general symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and somatic issues. It has proven validity and reliability across diverse Thai populations. Given the cultural similarities between Thai and Chinese populations, the CSI has been successfully implemented within the Chinese population. Nevertheless, it is crucial to research its validity and reliability in the general Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the CSI among parents of children with autism spectrum disorders using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). (2) Methods: A total of 794 Chinese parents raising children with autism participated in this study. All completed the CSI, along with the social inhibition subscale of the Interpersonal Problems Inventory and the Couple Satisfaction Index. Factorial validity was assessed using CFA to determine how well the bifactor three-factor model fits the data. Various structural models were compared using model fit indices. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined by exploring correlations with the social inhibition subscale and the Couple Satisfaction Index. Invariance testing of the CSI was conducted across multiple groups based on gender, age, and education using CFA. The reliability of the CSI was evaluated using McDonald’s omega coefficients. (3) Results: The bifactor model emerged as the best-fitting model for the data, suggesting that the total score of the CSI adequately represents overall psychiatric symptoms. The CSI exhibited significant correlations with the social inhibition subscale (r = 0.41, p < 0.01) and smaller correlation coefficients with the Couple Satisfaction Index (r = −0.16, p < 0.05), indicating both convergent and discriminant validity. The invariant test results support scalar invariance levels based on gender and age but only partial invariance for education. The Chinese version of the CSI demonstrated high consistency, with McDonald’s omega coefficients ranging between 0.86 and 0.95. (4) Conclusions: The bifactor model of the Chinese version of the CSI is validated, making it a suitable tool for measuring depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms among parent(s) of children with autism spectrum disorders. Further research on other Chinese populations is encouraged.

Abstract Objective The study analyzes the theoretical and practical perspectives that have been developed concerning the concepts and measurement strategies of subjective poverty. Method Thus, a systematic review was conducted, considering a temporal scope of ten years (2011-2021), on peer-reviewed articles in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. Following the analysis, the corpus consisted of 17 articles. Results It was identified that the concept of subjective poverty is affected by sociodemographic and analytical characteristics. This has an impact on different approaches, which can be more or less inclusive. The less inclusive ones are defined by exclusively monetary perspectives, while others consider the macrostructural issues of the analyzed realities: the effects of other socioeconomic markers and the psychosocial implications of poverty. Conclusion Thus, subjective poverty points out that, in the background of the subjects’ discourse, there are psychosocial intersections that impact their ways of life.

CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION OF A TOOL TO MEASURE MONTESSORI EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES IN THE ITALIAN PRIMARY SCHOOL Abstract Maria Montessori began to define her pedagogical proposal in Italy at the beginning of the 20th century. Currently, there are no studies evaluating the effectiveness of Montessori education in her home country (Demangeon et al., 2023). To accomplish this, it is necessary to have a suitable instrument within the Italian context to measure the educational practices of Montessori teachers. In Italy, there is only one checklist developed to observe teachers’ actions (Caprara, 2018). This article presents the construction and psychometric validation of a self-reported questionnaire to measure Montessori teachers’ practices. The instrument consists of 63 items and was administered to 329 Montessori primary school teachers. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is 0.927, and an exploratory factor analysis extracted 8 factors that account for 44.8% of the variance. The resulting scale can be used to (a) explore what Montessori teachers do in their classrooms, assessing the gap between ideal and actual Montessori practices, and (b) in a study aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of Montessori education in Italy.

In a recent paper, the first version of the contemporary psychometrics (ConPsy) checklist for assessing measurement tool quality has been published. This checklist aims to provide guidelines and references to researchers to assess measurement properties for newly developed measurement instruments. The ConPsy checklist recommends appropriate statistical methods for measurement instrument evaluation to guide researchers in instrument development and to support peer review. In this opinion article, I critically review some aspects of the checklist and question the usefulness of certain psychometric analyses in research practice.

It is challenging to develop a measurement of Reactive Agility because the latter is one of the physical components that is highly influenced by internal and external factors. It is thus difficult to perform related measurements due to uncertainties in open game conditions, specifically in the net game group. The purpose of this research is to validate the content of a sensor-based Reactive Agility measurement tool in net game group sports. In terms of the research method, the researchers used a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The research subjects consisted of seven academic and professional experts in the net game group sports. While the data collection technique used is the Delphi technique, related data were collected using a four-scale rating, whereby scale 1 indicated “not suitable”, scale 2 “indicated less suitable”; scales 3 and 4 “indicated “suitable”, and “highly suitable” respectively. For this validation, the data analysis was conducted using Aiken's formula. Which all aspects have high content validation because the V value is higher than Aiken's standard value (0.76). The respective values ​​for each aspect include; conceptual definition V = 0.952, measuring tool construction V = 0.952, sensors show a value of V = 0.905, test procedures V = 0.905, and scoring V = 0.952. Keyword: Sensor-based, Reactive Agility, Measurement, Net Game, Content Validity

Abstract Over the past few decades, South-South cooperation has grown in terms of actors, volume, geographic reach, instruments, and modalities, but, statistics on this type of cooperation have been incomplete and fragmented. The technical, political, and institutional challenges in measuring South-South cooperation are emphasised by countries like Brazil and Mexico, chosen as cases to be analysed in the text. The article explores the experiences in measuring international cooperation provided by Brazil and Mexico, starting with the characterization of the two national trajectories in the quantification and the modalities that determine the process, and analyses the main similarities and differences presented between the cases. The analysis of the countries studied in this article evidence the different institutional designs of international cooperation and the establishment of measurement models elaborated by governments based on their own realities of international cooperation, indicating, therefore, that the process of measuring international cooperation is not only a statistical issue, but above all, a political one. Seen in these terms, South-South cooperation measurement exercises have provided more knowledge about how cooperation activities are organized and their relation to global development agendas, and have also consolidated the transparency of public expenditure.cooperation and development; South-South cooperation; public expenditure; Brazil; Mexico; measurement.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators often deny their actions, limiting opportunities for intervention. Cisgender male couples experience similar IPV rates to mixed-gender couples, yet less is known about how men in same-sex relationships deny or report their IPV behavior. This study aimed to describe perpetration denial across emotional, monitoring/controlling, and physical/sexual IPV, and to identify correlates of perpetration denial, in a convenience sample of male couples (N = 848; United States, 2016-2017). Past-year victimization and perpetration were measured with the IPV-Gay and Bisexual Men (GBM) scale; perpetration deniers were men whose self-reported perpetration contradicted their partner’s reported victimization. Individual-, partner-, and dyadic-correlates of perpetration denial, by IPV-type, were identified using actor-partner interdependence models. We identified 663 (78.2%) perpetrators: 527 emotional; 490 monitoring/controlling; 267 physical/sexual. Thirty-six percent of physical/sexual-, 27.7% of emotional-, and 21.43% of monitoring/controlling-perpetrators categorically denied their actions. Depression was negatively associated with denying monitoring/controlling-perpetration (odds ratio 95% confidence interval: 0.91 [0.84, 0.99]) and physical/sexual-perpetration (0.91 [0.83, 0.97]); dyadic differences in depression were associated with emotional-perpetration denial (0.95 [0.90, 0.99]). Recent substance users had 46% lower odds of monitoring/controlling-denial (0.54 [0.32, 0.92]), versus non-users. Partner-race and employment were also significantly associated with emotional perpetration denial. This study highlights IPV denial’s complexities, including differences across IPV types. Further investigations into how cisgender men in same-sex couples perceive and report various types of IPV perpetration will provide valuable insight into how an underserved and understudied population experiences IPV.

Measuring South-South cooperation (SSC) has gained policy and political salience in International Development Cooperation (IDC) debates in recent decades. This article applies the concept of active non-alignment to analyze the efforts of “southern providers”, such as Brazil, for autonomous, differentiated, and proactive engagement in the measurement debate, as well as in the field of international development more broadly. The article combines analyses of foreign policy and public policy and traces the evolution, since 2010, of the international debate and the Brazilian response – diplomatic, institutional, and non-governmental – to the growing “duty of measuring” the flows and impact of its SSC. Far from being purely a technical issue, the reconstruction of processes and negotiations surrounding the creation of measurement instruments and practices to count and account for Brazilian SSC contribute to illustrating political, geopolitical, and (inter)bureaucratic disputes in the production of transnational public policies, such as Brazil’s IDC.

Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo buscou analisar os elementos que compõem a resiliência das organizações diante de um evento disruptivo, utilizando como contexto a crise provocada pela Covid-19. Originalidade/valor: O estudo da resiliência organizacional nos ajuda a teorizar com mais precisão o ajuste e a adaptação organizacional em ambientes cada vez mais complexos e difíceis de ser compreendidos. Entretanto, embora a sua investigação tenha demonstrado ser algo promissor, o seu conceito ainda necessita de maior atenção independente e validação empírica. Nesse sentido, este trabalho contribui para que haja uma visão holística com uma definição consistente do termo, por meio de um modelo validado quantitativamente, pois a maioria dos estudos empíricos encontrados na literatura é de natureza qualitativa. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Foi aplicada uma survey a fim de testar um modelo para a mensuração da resiliência organizacional, por meio de uma análise fatorial exploratória, além da utilização de uma estatís-tica descritiva simples. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre os dias 9 de novembro e 23 de dezembro de 2021, por meio de um formulário eletrônico, que contou com 41 respondentes (empresas). Resultados: O modelo testado apresentou um alto nível de confiabili-dade (ω de McDonald de 0,955), podendo ser aplicado no âmbito das organizações para medir sua resiliência. O modelo testado é composto por 12 itens: unidade de propósito; planos de teste de estresse; planejamento estratégico; postura proativa; quebra de silos; conhecimento aproveitado; recursos internos; parcerias eficazes; inovação e criatividade; tomada de decisão; engajamento da equipe; e liderança. / Abstract Purpose: This study sought to analyze the elements that compose the resilience of organizations when facing a disruptive event, using as context the crisis caused by Covid-19. Originality/value: The study of organizational resilience helps us to theorize, more accurately, organizational adjustment and adaptation in increasingly complex and difficult-to-understand environments. However, although their research has shown promise, its concept still needs more independent attention and empirical validation. In this sense, this paper contributes to a holistic view with a consistent definition of the term through a quantitatively validated model since most of the empirical studies found in the literature are qualitative in nature. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was applied to test a model for measuring organizational resilience, through an exploratory factor analysis, in addition to the use of simple descriptive statistics. Data collection occurred between November 9 and December 23, 2021, through an electronic form with 41 respondents (companies). Findings: The tested model showed a high level of reliability (McDonald’s ω of 0.955) and can be applied within organizations to measure their resilience. The tested model comprises 12 items: unity of purpose; stress testing plans; strategic planning; proactive posture; breaking silos; leveraged knowledge; internal resources; effective partnerships; innovation and creativity; decision-making; staff engagement; and leadership.

This article presents examples of the recent development of the bioeconomy in the European Union (EU) and the United States, in order to identify important elements that can contribute to the development of the bioeconomy in Brazil. The analytical framework of the article comprises four categories of analysis: background information; governance, which seeks to examine the national strategy, policies and domestic actors of the bioeconomy in the EU and the US; measurement and monitoring, and the main sectors and research, development and innovation (RD&I) of the bioeconomy. Coordination among actors is essential for joining efforts and advancement; it is also important to define whether the core of the Brazilian bioeconomy will have a more holistic approach, as in the EU, or more focused on new technologies, tools, and sciences, as in the US. Examples of public-private partnerships as in the EU and public procurement programs as in the US are important incentive mechanisms for development and Brazil will be able to learn from these experiences to build its own mechanismsis article presents examples of the recent development of the bioeconomy in the European Union and the United States, in order to identify important elements that can contribute to the development of the bioeconomy in Brazil. The analytical framework of the article comprises four categories of analysis: background information; governance, which seeks to examine the national strategy, policies and domestic actors of the bioeconomy in the EU and the US; measurement and monitoring, and the main sectors and RD&I of the bioeconomy. Coordination among actors is essential for joining efforts and advancement; it is also important to define whether the core of the Brazilian bioeconomy will have a more holistic approach, as in the European Union, or more focused on new technologies, tools, and sciences, as in the US. Examples of public-private partnerships as in the EU and public procurement programs as in the US are important incentive mechanisms for development and Brazil will be able to learn from these successful experiences to build its own mechanisms.

Psychosomatic symptoms are physical manifestations of psychological origin that are not adequately explained by organic causes. For this reason, it is difficult to differentiate them from other conditions, so health sciences must consider their diagnosis and research on them a priority. The PHQ-15 (Patient Health Questionnaire) is an instrument that allows its diagnosis through a list of 15 psychosomatic symptoms. The purpose of this research was to validate the PHQ-15 for the Mexican adult population, obtaining indicators of reliability, construct, and convergent validity. First, the instrument was translated and culturally adapted. This version was evaluated by mental health specialists and doctors. The PHQ-15 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were applied to 420 Mexican participants through an online survey. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed that rectified the unifactorial structure. The results showed acceptable fit indicators and a significant contribution of all the reagents to the model. The correlations between the PHQ-15 and the HADS showed a directly proportional relationship between psychosomatic symptoms with depression and anxiety, which provides evidence of convergent validity. Regarding internal consistency, it showed adequate levels of reliability.

Objective. To evaluate the test-retest reliability and validity of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-long form). Materials and methods. A subsample of 86 teachers underwent telephone interviews and clinic visits in Mexico City. Through 22 months, physical activity (PA) levels were obtained from accelerometers (months 6 and 22) and IPAQ long-form (months 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12). Minutes per week of moderate (MPA), walking (WPA), vigorous (VPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were calculated for each intensity and domain. Variables were loga­rithmically transformed. Intra-class and Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationship between instru­ments. Results. Test-retest reliability of the average IPAQs long-form varied across intensities and domains (ranged from r= 0.24 to r= 0.65). Minutes per week of VPA and MVPA ac­celerometer 1 (AC1) were fairly associated to International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long form 3 (IPAQ3) (r= 0.60 and r= 0.31, respectively) one week apart. Conclusions. IPAQ long-form is fairly reliable for MVPA and valid for as­sessing MVPA and VPA in a subsample of Mexican teachers.

Introducción. Los trabajadores se enfrentan a diversas condiciones psicosociales en el entorno laboral, las cuales muchas veces no son visibles, ni fácilmente identificables por ellos mismos, ni por los gerentes dentro de las organizaciones, estas condiciones son los denominados factores psicosociales intralaborales. Objetivo. Describir los factores psicosociales intralaborales en trabajadores de una empresa venezolana del sector telecomunicaciones. Método: La muestra fue de 645 trabajadores, seleccionada por un procedimiento de muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional. Este estudio fue no experimental, descriptivo y con diseño transversal. Se empleó el Cuestionario de Factores Psicosociales Intra-Laborales (CFP-IL). Resultados. Se identificaron 4 factores psicosociales positivos y 14 negativos, adicionalmente, se encontraron diferencias significativas en 5 de ellos en función del sexo y del nivel de instrucción. Conclusión. Estos trabajadores perciben altas demandas psicológicas, por sobrecarga de actividades y poco tiempo para realizarlas, asimismo, la capacitación y desarrollo profesional dentro de la organización son escasos, con compensaciones y liderazgos inadecuados que inciden sobre su satisfacción y seguridad con el trabajo que realizan Introduction. The workers face various psychosocial conditions in the workplace, which are often not visible or not easily identifiable by themselves, or by managers within the organizations. These are the psychosocial factors at work. Objective. This study aimed to describe the psychosocial factors at work in workers of a Venezuelan company on the telecommunication sector. Method. The sample was 645 workers, selecting an intentional non-probability sampling procedure. This study was non-experimental, descriptive and with a cross-sectional design. The Psychosocial Factors at Work Questionnaire was used. Results. Findings obtained allowed to identify 4 positive psychosocial factors and 14 negatives. Additionally, differences were found in 5 factors depending on sex and level of education. Conclusion. These workers perceive high psychological demands due to the overload of activities and the short time to carry them out. Specifically, the training and the professional development within the organization are limited with inadequate compensation and leadership, which affect their satisfaction and safety in the work they do

Abstract This study aimed to adapt and validate the Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS) and Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS) for Brazilian Portuguese. Therefore, 2666 university students were invited to participate in the study (M = 26.08; SD = 6.6; 77% female). The factorial structures were analyzed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The validity was investigated through Pearson’s correlations between the subscales of the Academic Procrastination Questionnaire ─ Negative Consequences and DASS-21. The reliability of the scales and their factors were evaluated through Cronbach’s alpha. The results indicated a one-dimensional IPS structure and a three-factor solution with a higher-order factor for PPS. Significant correlations were found between the IPS and PPS with the other measurements, revealing concurrent and convergent validity for both scales. The instruments showed good internal consistency, with alphas ranging from 0.80 to 0.91.

Since the early 2000s, the pragmatic approach has been proposed as a philosophical program for social research, regardless of whether qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods are used. In addition, current mixed methods have been presented as a third way between positivism and constructivism. However, can mixed methods be fully considered a third way? For instance, in their inquiries, will scholars oriented to pragmatism actually employ the traditional and standardized questionnaire, with forced choices and closed questions, which strongly limits any interpretative and interactional perspective? Hence, several theoretical and methodological difficulties of the pragmatist proposal emerge precisely (and paradoxically) at the level of research practice. The pragmatic approach is presented by its proponents as a model designed to dissolve differences and neutralize epistemological barriers; however, without problematizing and removing the positivist features of their methods, researchers oriented to pragmatism actually risk ending up reproducing positivism in disguise. Hence, despite their claims to innovation, proponents of pragmatism are often overly traditionalist in their use of methods.

This paper examines St. Thomas Aquinas’s and Immanuel Kant’s notions of measurement and judgment, particularly measuring and judging beauty, to demonstrate their respective conclusions about the highest achievement of man. For St. Thomas’s view, I draw from a variety of St. Thomas’s writings as well as rely on Peter Redpath’s research into St. Thomas’s understanding of measuring and judging. For Kant’s view, I focus on Kant’s perspective as written in The Critique of Judgement. In this paper, I argue that by examining the way both St. Thomas and Kant measure and judge beauty, we can see that, for Kant, man’s highest achievement is to live the moral life, while for St. Thomas, man’s highest achievement is to know the good and God. Interestingly, for both philosophers, their conclusions about man’s highest achievements wind through their understanding of beauty and the way beauty is measured and judged.

The objective was to establish the psychometric properties of the AF-5 instrument, by means of confirmatory analysis techniques in teacher training students. A total of 232 students enrolled in a teacher-training institution in southern Sonora State participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 17 to 43 years, 54.7% female (M=20.3, SD=1.8 years) and 45.3% male (M=20.4, SD=2.2 years). From the analyses performed, it is confirmed that the Scale is adequate to measure multidimensional self-concept through the academic (α=.76), social (α=.71), emotional (α=.86), physical (α=.72) and family (α=.49) factors [X2= 665.725, p

Abstract Item Response Theory represents one of the major advances in the field of developing valid and reliable measures in psychology. Among the main models used in this perspective are the Rasch model and the logistic models. These parametric models, however, are not suitable for all applications in psychology, since a substantial number of databases in psychology do not satisfy the assumptions of these models: unidimensionality; latent monotonicity; local independence; and, for some models, non-intersecting functions. Given this framework, the objective of this study was to present the theoretical and practical foundations of Mokken Scale Analysis (MSA). We present some historical issues involving the development of MSA, in addition to the main characteristics and assumptions of the two models used in this perspective. After exemplifying a MSA application, limitations and final considerations are presented, supporting the decision-making process for researchers who come to use MSA.

The use of photovoltaic (PV) systems for electricity generation is constantly growing in Brazil. With the reduction in the price of PV modules and the implementation of the electric power compensation system by the power distributor, the consumer is investing in PV microgeneration to reduce the electricity bill. This article aims to develop an embedded system in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). Having an IoT monitoring system applied to a grid-connected PV system in an educational institution helps teach concepts such as IoT and PV generation. The system is based on the ESP32 development board for acquiring DC voltage and current generated by a 1.35 kWp PV system connected to the grid and installed at the IFCE. This proposal offers a low-cost educational solution using open source and programmable hardware, which sends the data to a database in the cloud, enabling remote access worldwide. Then, using the data analysis methodology, it was possible to validate the values measured with the inverter installed with an error below 1% for the voltage and current acquired during one day. With this result, it is concluded that the designed IoT system can be used for measurement in PV systems.

Esta investigación analiza los factores y variables más importantes que inciden en la valoración y cuantificación de los costos ambientales producidos por el fracking, y su impacto en un contexto ambiental, económico y social en el municipio de Chiquinquirá (Boyacá). En la zona rural de Chiquinquirá esta práctica de explotación de hidrocarburos no convencionales ha generado diferentes problemáticas a nivel social, económico y del medio ambiente, ocasionando un detrimento importante en el bienestar de la población de este sector en el país, tanto para el medio ambiente como para la calidad de vida de los habitantes. La metodología se desarrolló bajo un análisis descriptivo con un enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian los indicadores más relevantes que inciden en la valoración de los costos ambientales por parte de la empresa que está realizando fracking en la zona rural del municipio de Chiquinquirá (Boyacá).

Agentic capabilities refer to the basic capabilities of mind that, according to social cognitive theory, allow people to proactively influence their functioning and external context. This study presents a new scale, namely the Work Agentic Capabilities (WAC) questionnaire, that consists of 28 items and measures forethought capability, self-regulation capability, self-reflection capability and vicarious capability in the organizational context. Accordingly, an exploratory (N = 290) and a confirmatory factor analysis (N = 300) demonstrated a four-factor structure. Agentic capabilities were positively correlated with psychological capital and its dimensions i.e., self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resiliency), positive job attitudes (work engagement and job satisfaction), proactive organizational behaviours (job crafting and organizational citizenship behaviours), perceived job performance, and promotion prospects. Finally, we discuss meaningful differences in the mean values of agentic capabilities associated with sociodemographic and organizational variables. Results suggest that the WAC questionnaire can be reliably used to measure agentic capabilities.

El sentido de eficacia política constituye un concepto explicativo fundamental para el entendimiento del repertorio de conductas políticas que tienen lugar en contextos democráticos. El presente trabajo tiene el propósito de contribuir metodológicamente a la medición del sentido de eficacia política, para lo cual propone un instrumento aplicable en entornos hispanoparlantes, tomando como punto de partida la evidencia empírica de su desempeño psicométrico en el caso ecuatoriano. Esta escala de eficacia política cuenta con dos componentes o subescalas: a) la adaptación y traducción de la escala de eficacia política interna (4 ítems) formulada por Niemi, Craig y Mattei (1991), y b) el desarrollo de 4 ítems para la medición de la eficacia política externa de los individuos, tomando como referencia la literatura disponible sobre el tema. Para la evaluación de las propiedades psicométrica del instrumento propuesto se emplearon dos muestras no probabilísticas tomadas antes (n_1 = 1136) y después (n_2 = 540) de las elecciones presidenciales ecuatorianas celebradas durante el año 2017. Los resultados más relevantes del estudio son los siguientes: primero, las pruebas de validez de constructo, mediante Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC), permiten verificar la bidimensionalidad de la escala, siendo capaz de medir de forma diferenciada la eficacia política interna y externa. Segundo, la confiabilidad de cada subescala cuenta con valores estadísticamente satisfactorios. Tercero, las pruebas de validez externa corroboran las expectativas teóricas relativas a la existencia de patrones de asociación distintos entre cada dimensión del sentido de eficacia política y otras variables de interés para la investigación sociopolítica. Cuarto, el análisis de invarianza de medida del instrumento, efectuado a través de Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio Multigrupo (AFCMG), sugiere la existencia de invarianza factorial, lo cual significa que los ítems del instrumento son capaces de realizar la misma distinción entre eficacia interna y externa en las dos muestras analizadas, además de ser interpretados de forma idéntica por los participantes de cada grupo. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones y limitaciones de los resultados obtenidos, así como las recomendaciones para futuros esfuerzos de investigación que permitan mejorar el ajuste de la escala propuesta al conjunto de países hispanoparlantes. Political efficacy sense constitutes a fundamental explanatory concept for understanding the repertoire of political behaviors that take place in democratic contexts. The purpose of this work is to contribute methodologically to the measurement of political efficacy sense, for which it proposes an applicable instrument for Spanish-speaking environments, taking as a starting point the empirical evidence of its psychometric performance in the Ecuadorian case. This scale of political efficacy has two components or subscales: a) the adaptation and translation of the internal political efficacy scale (4 items) developed by Niemi, Craig and Mattei (1991), and b) the development of 4 items for the measurement of the external political efficacy of the individuals, taking as reference the available literature about this subject. For the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the proposed instrument, two non-probabilistic samples were used, same as were taken before (n_1 = 1136) and after (n_2 = 540) of the Ecuadorian presidential elections held during the year 2017. The most relevant results of the study are the following: first, the tests of construct validity, through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), allow to verify the two-dimensional structure of the scale, being able to measure differently the internal and external political efficacy. Second, the reliability of each subscale has statistically satisfactory values. Third, tests of external validity corroborate theoretical expectations relative to the existence of different association patterns between each dimension of political efficacy sense and other interest variables for sociopolitical research. Fourth, the measurement invariance analysis of the instrument, performed through Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA), suggests the existence of factorial invariance, which means that the items of the instrument are capable of making the same distinction between internal and external efficacy in the two analyzed samples, in addition they are interpreted identically by the participants of each group. Finally, the implications and limitations of the obtained results, as well as the recommendations for future research efforts to improve the adjustment of the proposed scale to the set of Spanish-speaking countries are in discussion.

The objective of this research was to identify the development of literature on performance evaluation. It is an exploratory and descriptive research study, with a quali-quantitative approach through bibliometric analysis, using the ProKnow-C intervention instrument. The analyses showed that the main featured article was by Neely, Gregory and Platts (1995). The most influential article in the portfolio was Bourne et al. (2000), with the highest level of betweenness. There are four large clusters of prominent authors Neely, Bourne, Platts, Kennerley, Franco-Santos, Martinez and Bititci. The field of operations covers 50%; management and strategy cover 42% of the works while accounting covers only 8% of empirical studies. There is great emphasis on performance measurement (55%). The Balanced Scorecard is the tool that predominates in 23% of studies; in 30% of the works, was developed by proposing models based on the literature while in 24% of them it was based on a proposal developed by the authors. The study contributed to broaden the knowledge about the subject in order to allow an overview of the literature, when knowing the main authors working on the theme, periodicals, articles, themes, tools and areas of practice. Emerging views on the subject are also presented.

Throughout the literature, there are several studies that highlight the importance of interaction in the classroom as a means to promote student learning. Based on this idea, and due to the absence of previous studies that do it, the objective of this work is to propose a questionnaire that allows to measure the level of interaction in university classrooms, as well as to identify the best interactive practices, from a triple perspective: observed teacher, external observer and student. This work is part of a teaching innovation project carried out by a multidisciplinary group of lecturers from the University of Cantabria. In this study, in addition to presenting the aforementioned questionnaire proposal, the research process for the collection of data and the analysis of results will be described. It is considered that the main contribution of this work is the proposal of an instrument for measuring interaction.

Abstract A number of studies point to the relationship between spirituality and religiosity with health and well-being. However, there are few instruments to evaluate these aspects among adolescents. The objective of this study was to verify the psychometric properties of the Spirituality, Religiousness and Personal Beliefs module, part of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL-SRPB) by analyzing evidence of validity and reliability among Brazilian adolescents. The participants were 1,248 Brazilian adolescents, between 12 and 18 years of age (M = 15.09, SD = 1.77), 57.3% of whom were girls. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the eight-factor composition presents good fit indexes, and adequate reliability. Multi-group analyses indicated that there is factorial invariance by gender and age. It is concluded that the instrument presents evidence of validity and reliability with Brazilian adolescents. However, further studies are recommended especially considering the principal components analyses.

ABSTRACT This paper presents a web-based data acquisition system developed by the LabVIEW software program for environment monitoring for poultry management. The measurement error and uncertainty analysis should be conducted accurately to maximize the reliability of this system. An algorithm was proposed for the uncertainty analysis to estimate the sensor networks, with the calibration and validation processes fulfilling the standards of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. For the different environmental sensors, the values of the uncertainties were calculated by the methods of type A and B evaluation through a case study. Environmental parameters including air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration of a compartment housing for a small group (n = 90) of laying hens were measured using a perch aviary system in a 24-h period with an interval of 5 min. The results showed that with the perch system for laying hens, the expanded uncertainty of the data acquisition system was above 1.02 °C, 5.54%, and 67.8 ppm over the sensor data of the air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration, respectively. Moreover, the relative uncertainty of this system was estimated as 15.9%. Therefore, because of its more reliable uncertainty analysis and data evaluation, the proposed web-based data acquisition system has considerable potential for ensuring correct decision-making when used in poultry production.

El concepto de Grit, que ha sido definido como perseverancia en el esfuerzo y consistencia en los intereses para la consecución de unos objetivos. Ha recibido una gran atención por sus posibilidades de predecir el éxito en diferentes ámbitos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue validar la escala Grit al idioma español. Se ha contado con una muestra de 303 participantes, 123 hombres y 180 mujeres, de edades comprendidas entre los 20 y 30 años. Se comprobó mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio que la estructura de dos factores de la escala original presenta un ajuste razonable en la muestra española, tanto para los hombres como para las mujeres. Los coeficientes de fiabilidad obtenidos fueron semejantes a los de la versión original. Los factores de la escala se relacionaron positivamente con la Escala de Persistencia Motivacional. En conclusión, la versión española de la Escala Grit mantiene la estructura factorial de la original, y tiene unas propiedades psicométricas aceptables. Por lo tanto, puede resultar aplicable y útil para su empleo en diferentes entornos culturales y deportivos de habla hispana. Abstract Grit, defined as perseverance of effort and consistency of interest, has attracted great attention as a predictor of success in different fields. The aim of the present study was to validate the Grit scale into the Spanish language. The sample was composed of 303 participants (123 men and 180 women) aged between 20 to 30 years. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two-factor structure of the original scale has a reasonable fit in the Spanish sample, in both men and women. The reliability coefficients obtained were closer to those of the original version. Additionally, the subscales were positively related to the Motivational Persistence Scale. In conclusion, the Spanish version of the Grit Scale maintains the factorial structure of the original scale and has similar psychometric properties. Therefore, it can be applicable and useful in Spanish-speaking contexts.

In this paper, I reflect on the information that compliance and noncompliance behaviors provide about self-regulation development. I argue that these behaviors present differences in self-regulation, depending on the level of independence of the children, their motivation, and the emotional activation they express when disobeying. Based on this, I make suggestions on methodologies to capture each of these factors and to have a more complete and accurate approach to study self-regulation in children. I propose to differentiate several types of compliance and noncompliance, record children’s behavior and type of parental control simultaneously, and analyze the children’s behavior in response to legitimate and illegitimate demands.

Open government has become a goal for countries all over the world, but it remains an elusive concept. Despite innovative methodologies to assess open government policies, action plans, and interventions in different countries, scholarly research and practical decisions are hindered by the lack of a precise concept and an operationalization. In this paper, we make two contributions to this discussion. First, we argue that the discussions about open government would benefit from taking the grammatical structure of the concept seriously (open is an adjective, government a noun). Second, we propose that, in order to be conceptually and practically useful, open government should be observable. We present the methodology, application and results of an effort to observe and measure open government in Mexico, based on a study of 908 government offices in terms of transparency and participation.

The missionary function of accounting is to generate information related to heritage phenomena. One of its most valuable attributes, fi delity or the characteristic that guarantees that the object information represents what it intends to represent, has been questioned due to the fi nancial scandals that occurred during the 1991-2016 period. In them, manipulation of that information is evidenced and, consequently, they have undermined the confi dence of the users. However, an objective system is not visible to determine the degree to which an informational body meets or fails to comply with the attribute mentioned. A model is proposed here to measure the approach of an informational body to the reality that it tries to represent

The main goal of this work is to introduce a new approach called network analysis for its application in the field of psychology. In this paper we present the network model in a brief, entertaining and simple way and, as far as possible, away from technicalities and the statistical point of view. The aim of this outline is, on the one hand, to take the first steps in network analysis, and on the other, to show the theoretical and clinical implications underlying this model. Firstly, the roots of this approach are discussed as well as its way of understanding psychological phenomena, specifically psychopathological problems. The concepts of network, node and edge, the types of networks and the procedures for their estimation are all addressed. Next, measures of centrality are explained and some applications in the field of psychology are mentioned. Later, this approach is exemplified with a specific case, which estimates and analyzes a network of personality traits within the Big Five model. The syntax of this analysis is provided. Finally, by way of conclusion, a brief recapitulation is provided, and some cautionary reflections and future research lines are discussed.

Based on the perspective of Diaz-Guerrero (2003) concerning beliefs, norms, and values that control feelings, thoughts, and behaviors involved in the development, maintenance and dissolution of couple relationships, the study was conducted to assess the historical socio-cultural premises regarding to relational permanence in such relationships. To address this goal pair of studies was designed: 1) an exploratory study where 200 participants from Mexico City answered an open ended question. Based on the answers to the first study, an objective instrument with a Likert format was designed and administered to a sample of 334 adults. Following the procedure proposed by Reyes Lagunes & García y Barragán (2008), the scale consists of 32 grouped into five factors: Ideal relationship, Tradition thoughts, Loyalty, Satisfactory interaction and Coincide, these factors explained 69.88% of the total variance and have a .81 Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient. The findings coincide with the foundations of the different theoretical perspectives of the study of relational permanence and included cultural aspects particular to the context of Mexican socio-culture, the findings and implications for future research are discussed in this way.

The objective of this study is to validate the internal structure of the School Violence Evaluation Questionnaire in Children and Primary in a sample of northeastern Mexico. It is a quantitative and transversal study. A total of 733 children were included, of which 49.8% are men, 50.2% women, through intentional sampling, obtained from 78 basic education institutions in the city of Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. The average age was 12 years. The results confirmed a factorial structure of three dimensions that measure situations witnessed, lived and carried out. The instrument was reduced to 27 indicators of these dimensions, conserving the reliability obtained in previous studies. The contribution of the study is validation of the internal structure of the evaluation tool that allows the identification of school bullying and perceived damage and its characteristics, avoiding mainly the underestimation and normalization of violence.

Internet Use among European Countries has been analyzed attending data provided by the European Social Survey (2016). The present article aims to offer broader information regarding Internet use and remark existing disparities among participant countries on the Survey. Sociodemographic variables as gender, age, education level or country have been taken into consideration for presenting a descriptive analysis of data. Furthermore, the frequency of internet use and time spent online, both, have been examined to explore differences among them. Results and conclusions are presented for discussion.

The length–weight relationship and the condition factor are key parameters in stock assessment. Despite the fisheries potential loliginid squids have in Mexico, the group is scarcely known and no formal management has been implemented. A total of 1,105 squids captured on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of Mexico were measured to estimate length–weight relations and condition factors. Except for Lolliguncula brevis and Lolliguncula argus, all species showed negative allometric growth. The 2 species with isometric growth showed a poor condition, according to Fulton’s condition factor, and the rest of the species were in good health, according to the relative condition factor. The type of growth exhibited by the species identified in this study could be associated with their swimming habits or otherwise be affected by the same variables that determine the type of growth of other squid found in Mexican waters. The parameters evaluated in this research are now available for incorporation in further fishery stock assessment models for loliginid squids.

The aim of the study was to search for evidence of validity based on the relationship with external variables, and incrementally for the Child-Youth Anxiety Scale (CYAS). The convenience sample consists of 500 children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years. The correlation between the scores of the CYAS factors and the scores of the instruments of the other constructs ADHD (MTA-SNAP-IV), anxiety (OQPS), rumination (QRR) and mood states (BRUMS) was initially performed, finding medium and strong correlations, which shows a satisfactory linear relation between the constructs to attest validity based on the relation with external variables. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was also performed with total MTA-SNAP-IV and its factors as criterion. In the modeling, it was possible to observe that, when introduced in the models, the CYAS becomes the latent variable with the greatest contribution, decreasing and canceling the OQPS contribution. These results affirm incremental validity for the CYAS.

Organizations create innovation strategies to improve their productivity and the competitive advantage. In this sense, innovation management facilitates the realization of innovation. It is known that measurement is important in the management processes; however, there is no classification of the contributions in these subjects. Therefore, in this study we identify publications that involve measurement and analysis in the management of innovation. Our study used a systematic mapping of the literature and it shows that in recent years there has been an increase in research on measurement, however, there are few studies and only for certain industrial sectors, sizes of companies and countries. Hence, there is a little worked research space which can be more developed.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the internal structure and reliability indices of the Questionnaire d’Engagement Paternel (QEP). It describes the process of cross-cultural adaptation and results of the evaluation of the psychometric proprieties of the instrument. The sample consisted of 300 participants (150 mothers and 150 fathers), who formed two-parent families. The psychometric analyses involved procedures including back translation, factor analysis, and reliability analyses of the instrument. The Brazilian version of the QEP is presented, containing a total of 36 items, divided into five dimensions. Twenty items were excluded, according to statistical and theoretical criteria. The results demonstrated satisfactory evidence of validity of the scale. Considerations regarding limitations of the study and recommendations for use in future research were indicated.