Search

Instrumentation and Instrumentalization of The Video Document in FFL Class: Example of a didactic sequence The primary objective of the research is to showcase, by employing a didacticization instance involving an authentic video document, the considerable significance, and the valuable contributions of the theory of instrumental genesis in comprehending and analyzing this intricate process. This study accurately delineates the stages involved in didacticization, emphasizing that it results from a dual-faceted process of instrumentalization and instrumentation. Within the realm of instrumentalization, the didactician strategically appropriates the video document for didactic purposes by activating their cognitive schemas. This transformative act turns the video into an instrument – a didactic sequence laden with the teaching strategies envisioned by the designer. Various factors stimulate the activation of these schemas within the designer's strategic repertoire, including age, didactic representations, experiential background, and personal history. The intricate interplay of these elements shapes the didacticization process, highlighting the dynamic nature of instructional design. Simultaneously, the research delves into the instrumentation process, which is contingent upon the inherent nature and content of the video document, as well as the educational level and sociocultural characteristics of the learners. This dual-process framework sheds light on the multifaceted dimensions of didacticization, encompassing both the cognitive processes of the didactician and the contextual elements influencing the instructional material. By elucidating these two interconnected processes, the research aims to raise awareness among didacticians, fostering introspection and self-evaluation for designers of didactic sequences utilizing video support. In an era marked by the diversification and modernization of methods for creating and disseminating video materials, the study posits that its analytical approach to the process of instrumental genesis remains pertinent and applicable, even in the context of contemporary distribution formats such as videos generated by artificial intelligence. Moreover, the research contends that within the domain of FFL (French as a Foreign Language) didactics, this theoretical framework can be harnessed to scrutinize the learner's assimilation process of the didactic sequence and the ensuing knowledge acquisition after the completion of the instructional activity. In essence, the research underscores the enduring relevance and adaptability of the theory of instrumental genesis in the evolving landscape of instructional design and technology.

Since the treatability of Oriental spruce wood (Picea orientalis) with preservative solutions is difficult and considered as a refractory wood species, this study was intended to bring its treatability class by a bioincising process to the level of sapwood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), a desirable wood species for the forest products industry. Bioincising process by Physisporinus vitreus fungus was applied to wood samples from sapwood and heartwood portions of spruce wood. The samples with two different weight loss groups (5–10 % and 10–15 %) in the bioincising process were used to detect changes in treatability with wood preservative solutions caused by the fungus. The bioincised and unincised control samples were treated with either micronized copper quat (MCQ) or alkaline copper quat type D (ACQ-D) wood preservative solutions by either dipping or vacuum methods. Following impregnation with the preservative solutions, the effects of the bioincising process on CuO (copper oxide) retention, and the leaching of Cu (copper) element were determined. The results showed that CuO retention levels increased after the bioincising process. Moreover, there was greater CuO retention in the spruce heartwood samples compared to the spruce and Scots pine sapwood samples. Amount of Cu element released from the Scots pine sapwood samples was found to be lower than that from the spruce sapwood and heartwood samples after the bioincising. process. The results suggest that the bioincising process by P. vitreus in refractory wood species might improve the treatability of wood by Cu-based wood preservatives.

In this study, calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals in the tissues and organs of 18 species that belong to tribe Cardueae (Asteraceae), Arctium minus, Silybum marianum, Cirsium vulgare, Cirsium creticum, Cirsium arvense, Carduus nutans, Carduus candicans, Carduus pycnocephalus, Tyrimnus leucographus, Jurinea consanguinea, Centaurea diffusa, Centaurea solstitialis, Centaurea iberica, Centaurea salonitana, Centaurea cyanus, Carthamus lanatus, Carthamus dentatus and Xeranthemum annuum, were investigated, and their morphologies and distribution were determined using a light microscope. Two morphological types of crystals, styloids and prismatics, were the most found crystals in the species examined. Raphides were only observed in the stem cortex and pith parenchyma cells of Silybum marianum, while druses were only viewed in the stem pith cells of Carduus pycnocephalus. Styloids were observed (if present) in the leaf, corolla, anther, filament, and style tissues. Prismatic crystals were seen almost in all the ovaries of the species investigated, except for Xeranthemum annuum. Prismatics, styloids, raphides, and druses were present in the stems of the species. It is considered that crystal formation within the cell is under genetic control. Thus the type, and presence or absence of crystals may be represented as a taxonomic character. In conclusion, it is suggested that the shape and location of CaOx crystals in the Cardueae constitute a diagnostic character and they may have taxonomic significance in this tribe.

The purpose of this study is to adapt the Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) scale into Turkish and study its validity and reliability. The original form of the scale has a single-factor structure and consists of 34 items. The study sample was composed of a total of 322 candidate teachers studying in the School of Education. Three items with fit values below 0.30 from the corrected item-total correlation were excluded from the scale and the analyses were conducted on the remaining 31 items. The construct validity of the scale was confirmed as a single factor through the Mplus software. Cronbach’s alpha for the scale was 0.94, indicating that the scale also has a high level of reliability in the Turkish form. No significant differences were detected between male and female participants’ speaking anxiety scores.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but a potentially life-threatening infectious disease. Atypical presentations cause delays in the diagnosis. Neurological involvement such as meningitis or meningismus, are especially common in mitral valve endocarditis, but unusual in tricuspid valve endocarditis. Although few cases of right-sided IE have been reported with neurological symptoms in adults, children have not been described in literature. A nine-year-old girl with congenital ventricular septal defect (VSD) was admitted with fever, headache and neck stiffness. Her clinical symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid findings supported the aseptic meningitis. On ceftriaxone therapy day 3, her complaints were resolved; nine days later she was admitted with fever and neck stiffness again. Further investigation for fever source with echocardiogram revealed a tricuspid valve endocarditis. Antibiotic therapy was completed after 6 weeks. Cardiac surgery was performed for VSD and tricuspid valvular insufficiency., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare systemic vasculitis disorder of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent oral and genital apthae and uveitis. It involves the central or peripheral nervous system; occurs rarely during childhood. Isolated acute aseptic meningitis is extremely uncommon. We report here a case of Neuro-Behçet disease (NBD) diagnosed in a 14-year-old girl. The patient presented acute headache, diplopia, papilla edema, and meningeal irritation. She had a history of recurrent oral ulcers. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed pachymeningitis. Pleocytosis and pressure increase were the cerebrospinal fluid findings. Although medical therapy, her complaints were not resolved. Uveitis was not detected, pathergy test was negative. HLA-B51 allele was positive. The findings were considered to unusual NBD. The patient improved dramatically after steroid therapy. BD should be considered in differential diagnosis of meningitis unless an infectious agent is demonstrated. To our knowledge, a case of pachymeningitis with NBD, was not described in children., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)