Search

The goal of this paper is to discuss concepts related to Fake News. The study includes the different meanings of Fake News, along with related information disorders. It also includes an analysis of information professionals’ ethical codes in relation to information disorders and ethical behaviours regarding information management. The speed and ease with which Fake News can be disseminated has implications for these information professionals. The literature review explore some of the different taxonomies and typologies of Fake News published by the following authors: Aznar (2019), Froehlich (2017), Verstraete, Bambauer and Bambauer (2017) and Wardle and Derakshan (2017). Methodologically, this paper analyzes the information professionals’ codes of conduct for the main organizations and associations, in a thoughtful manner. These codes of conduct include those published by the International Federation of Libraries (IFLA, 2017), the American Library Association (ALA, 2017), the Association for Information Sciences and Technology (ASIS&T, 1992), and the Society of Professional Journalists (Society of Professional Journalists, 2014). We also discuss guidelines to avoid unethical behaviours relating to information. The conclusions inferred from this study are that Fake News impacts many different disciplines, such as economics and science. However, information professionals, through their codes of conduct and aided by technology, can help society prevent the spread of Fake News.

Information literacy is increasingly important in a contemporary society characterized by an environment of rapid technological changes and dissemination of information resources and is, therefore, recognized as a fundamental competence for the academic success of students in Higher Education Institutions. Nowadays, some of the main functions of the libraries of Higher Education Institutions are to support students in their learning and research activities. Because libraries play an active role in the educational process, information professionals need to devise training plans to meet their target audience, set goals, and devise strategies to measure the efficiency and quality of the services they provide. To figure out the perception of these information professionals in Engineering Schools in Portugal, we conducted a survey by questionnaire. The results allowed us to conclude on the specificities of this user profile and that there are still many obstacles to the practice. of librarian training.

Se describe la situación de las bibliotecas universitarias ante la problemática situación de cambios radicales en la profesión bibliotecaria y de intensa crisis económica general. Internet, la transición del soporte papel al digital, la web móvil, las redes sociales y otras tecnologías obligan a diversificar extraordinariamente el trabajo del bibliotecario en múltiples facetas, y al mismo tiempo le apartan de los flujos de información, dejando de ser necesaria su clásica función como intermediario. Su supervivencia debe basarse en la cooperación con otros departamentos e instituciones, y en asumir nuevas tareas como el asesoramiento a los investigadores, promover el acceso abierto y los repositorios, la curación de datos, datos abiertos, etc.The situation of university libraries in front of the current problematic situation of radical changes in the library profession and of intense general economic crisis is described. Internet, digitalization, mobile web, social networks and other technologies require librarians to diversify in many ways, and at the same time these technologies disconnect them from the main flow of information, leaving their classical role as intermediaries. Their survival should be based on cooperation with other departments and institutions, and assuming new tasks such as advising researchers, curating data, and promoting open data, open access and repositories, and more.

Se describe y analiza un estado de situación de la aplicación de tecnologías por parte de graduados en Bibliotecología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, a cargo de las decisiones en las instituciones donde se desempeñan en la actualidad. Para tal objeto se conformó una muestra con los casos que respondieran al perfil de interés y se procedió al relevamiento de la información mediante una encuesta auto-administrada, que combinaba preguntas cerradas y abiertas. Entre otros puntos de interés, se indagó sobre el estado de situación de los procesos de automatización, la aplicación de tecnologías en los distintos procesos bibliotecarios, la formación de grado obtenida en temas vinculados con el uso de tecnologías, así como también acerca de los cursos y los seminarios seguidos y las perspectivas de desarrollo futuro imaginadas. El análisis de los resultados mostró que el conjunto de graduados estudiados mantiene con la tecnología una relación que los mueve hacia un terreno de cambios ininterrumpidos, aunque con diferencias cualitativas importantes entre ellos. Asimismo, es claro que perciben la tecnología como una potencia creativa positiva de cara al futuro.

O objetivo deste artigo é desenvolver reflexões acerca das dimensões da competência informacional, com foco em aspectos educacionais e filosóficos, procurando mostrar alguns desdobramentos que agora se apresentam como uma questão essencial: sob quais dimensões reveste-se a competência informacional que a tornam um tema imprescindível aos fundamentos da ciência da informação?** Investigam-se as dimensões técnica, estética, ética e política a partir do marco teórico de Rios (2006) e com base em pesquisas já iniciadas e publicadas. A dimensão técnica está relacionada às habilidades e aos instrumentos para encontrar, avaliar e utilizar de modo apropriado a informação de que se necessita, enquanto a dimensão estética deriva da subjetividade implícita na recepção e transmissão dos conteúdos informacionais, já que toda ação comporta um conteúdo pessoal, uma maneira específica de expressão, a qual se configura como uma forma estética. Porque a produção, a disseminação e o uso da informação estão intimamente ligados ao envolvimento de indivíduos em uma comunidade, esses processos assumem invariavelmente um caráter ético e político. Sendo ética, a atividade política tem uma função pedagógica, a de transformação dos homens em cidadãos. Na medida em que a cidadania não se constrói apenas a partir do acesso material aos conteúdos informacionais, devendo compreender também a capacidade de interpretação da realidade e de construção de significados nos âmbitos individual e coletivo, a identificação e análise dessas quatro dimensões da competência informacional permite clarificar aspectos complexos da informação e da competência.This article aims to develop reflections on the dimensions of information literacy, with focus on educational and philosophical aspects, trying to show some developments that now present themselves as a key issue: which dimensions make information literacy an essential issue to the foundations of information science? Technical, aesthetic, ethic and political dimensions are analyzed from Rios' (2006) theoretical framework, as well as from the research already started and published. The technical dimension is related to the skills and tools to find, evaluate and appropriately use the information that is needed, while the aesthetic dimension derives from the subjectivity implicit in the reception and transmission of informational content, since every action carries a personal content, a specific way of expression, which is configured as an aesthetic form. Because the production, dissemination and use of information are closely linked to the involvement of individuals in a community, these processes invariably assume an ethical and political aspect. Being ethical, the political activity has an educational function: the transformation of men into citizens. Therefore, as citizenship is not built only from the material access to informational content, also including the ability to interpret reality and construct meaning, the identification and analysis of these four dimensions of information literacy allows clarifying complex aspects of Information and Competence.

La Alfabetización Informacional (ALFIN) es un requisito de formación que desde los servicios académicos y especialmente de las bibliotecas-CRAI de las universidades, se debe ofertar a todos sus miembros en distintas modalidades y niveles. Para lograr buenos resultados es necesario que los responsables de los programas de ALFIN, además de tener buenos conocimientos sobre esta temática (modelos, normas, buenas prácticas), ofrezcan adecuadas habilidades-actitudes comunicativas, tecnológicas, documentales y didácticas. La "mentorización" (mentoring) es una de las estrategias organizacionales que dichas instancias universitarias pueden asumir considerando su fortaleza como medio de formación y autoformación. El personal bibliotecario y el docente que aspire a ser formado (tutelado) por los formadores ya experimentados (mentores) y las personas a cargo de la formación organizacional (coordinadores) pueden crecer en dichas competencias, y así lograr mejores procesos y resultados de enseñanza- aprendizaje en los programas universitarios de ALFIN.Information Literacy (INFOLIT) in university academic services, libraries and learning resources centers is a training requirement that ought to be offered to personnel at diverse levels and through several approaches. In order to achieve excellent outcomes, the INFOLIT program leader must have good knowledge of models, standards and good practices in order to offer adequate skills and attitude sets in term of communication, technology, documentation and didactics. In light of its effectiveness in the realm of training and self-training, formal mentoring is a valuable organizational strategy university authorities can deploy. Librarians and academics wishing to be trained, as well as experienced trainers (mentors) and organizational training coordinators may grow into these competencies and thereby improve both process and outcomes of INFOLIT teaching-learning within the university.

Se exponen las características y el contenido del CD "Gestión de Información en Salud" (GIS) como valioso instrumento docente para apoyar el proceso de alfabetización informacional (ALFIN) y el desarrollo de competencias informacionales en los profesionales de Higiene y Epidemiología como parte integral del Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba. Este curso se apoya en los nuevos modelos educativos caracterizados por un aprendizaje para toda la vida, colaborativo, abierto, interactivo y experimental; así como por el fomento de la autonomía del individuo y el desarrollo de su capacidad crítica.The characteristics and the content of the CD "Health Information Management" (HIM) as a value teaching tool to support the information literacy process (ILP) and the development of information competences in professionals of Hygiene and Epidemiology as a integral part of National Health System of Cuba. This course is based in the new educational models characterized by a collaboration, open, interactive and experimental learning for life; as well as by the encouragement of the subject autonomy and the development of its critical ability.

Recent years have witnessed the increasing interest in studies focused on information literacy, which is reflected mainly in the number of publications on the subject and goes beyond the fields of Librarianship and Information Science. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to offer an outlook, historical and conceptual, of international researches on information literacy, trying to show some of the different ramifications which the discussion on the subject has exhibited in past few years in countries where its process of legitimation is already well established, in order to illuminate possible areas of research and action for the librarian professional. This research indicates that if the initial studies on this topic tended to be devoted to conceptualize it, discussing its relevance and determine the skills and knowledge related to information literacy, in the last decade can be noticed a proliferation of researches aimed at describing initiatives or proposing models in areas beyond the usual field such as Medical Sciences, Law, Politics or Computers, among others. The first results of this research refer to a philosophical and educational perspective of information literacy, which suggests the need for deeper understanding and characterization of information literacy in four dimensions: technical, aesthetic, ethical and political, serving both to competence as to information.Nos últimos anos, assiste-se ao crescente interesse pelos estudos voltados à competência informacional, o qual se reflete, principalmente, no número de publicações sobre o assunto e extrapola os domínios da biblioteconomia e da ciência da informação. O propósito deste artigo é, portanto, oferecer um panorama internacional, histórico e conceitual das pesquisas sobre a competência informacional, procurando mostrar alguns dos diversos desdobramentos que a reflexão sobre o tema tem apresentado nos últimos anos em países onde seu processo de legitimação já se encontra consolidado, de modo a iluminar possíveis campos de pesquisa e de ação para o profissional bibliotecário. Esta pesquisa aponta que, se os estudos iniciais acerca do tema se dedicavam a conceituá-lo, a discutir sua pertinência e a determinar habilidades e conhecimentos que lhe são inerentes, na última década pode-se perceber a proliferação de pesquisas direcionadas a descrever iniciativas ou a propor modelos em áreas que ultrapassam o campo usual, tais como ciências médicas, direito, política e informática, dentre outros. Os primeiros resultados encontrados nesta etapa da pesquisa encaminham para uma perspectiva educacional e filosófica da competência informacional, o que sugere a necessidade de maior aprofundamento e caracterização da competência informacional sob quatro dimensões: técnica, estética, ética e política, que servem tanto à competência quanto à informação.

A maciça introdução das tecnologias de informação e de comunicação no contexto de trabalho dos profissionais da informação redundou em modificações na forma de atuar, nas perspectivas de fornecimento de informações e geração de produtos e serviços para os usuários e nas necessidades de formação e educação. Esse trabalho aborda alguns pontos relativos às dificuldades do equacionamento das disciplinas de conteúdo tecnológico no processo de formação dos bibliotecários e como essas questões têm sido observadas na literatura. Discute-se, também, as zonas de interface com outros segmentos profissionais e quanto se deve garantir de características distintivas de forma a manter a competitividade profissional dos bibliotecários no mercado de trabalho.The introduction of the information and communication technologies in the labour environment of the information professionals caused changes in the way of working, in the perspectives of the offer of services and products to users, and in the necessities of professional education. This work discusses some difficulties related to the formation of librarians, concerning to the disciplines related to information technologies, and how literature has been discussing this subject. It is also pointed the interface with other professionals and how the distinctive characteristics of the librarians should be warranted so they can compete to information jobs.

Objetivos: analizar las ofertas de empleo publicadas en la lista de correo IweTel desde el inicio de la crisis en 2008 hasta diciembre de 2013, para ver las características de dichas convocatorias, en cuanto a su número, los puestos que demandan y los requisitos para los candidatos. -- Metodología: análisis estadístico de diferentes aspectos de las ofertas de empleo que, en muchas ocasiones, se han tenido que normalizar y sistematizar para ser tratados. -- Resultados: la caída del empleo en estos seis años estudiados (2008–2013) se hace patente, ya que pasa de 190 ofertas publicadas en el primer año a 35 del último. Otras características que se han detectado es la precariedad de dichas convocatorias, sobre todo en lo que respecta a la duración de los empleos ofertados. El organismo tipo convocante es una empresa de servicios documentales con sede en Madrid que pide catalogadores. El estudio tiene la fortaleza de que IweTel es la lista de distribución más importante en información y documentación en España, pero también tiene la debilidad de que los organismos convocantes, que generalmente acuden a este medio de difusión, son generalmente privados y conocen el sector, por lo que no aparecen, o si lo hacen es en menor medida, otras ofertas de otros tipos de empresas.Objective: This paper analyses the number, nature and conditions of job offers in the job listings published by the internet forum IweTel during the period January 2008–December 2013. -- Methodology: The characteristics of job offers were analysed using statistical analysis. In many cases, the data had to be normalized before it could be used. -- Results: Employment in information and documentation clearly fell during the six-year period studied, from 2008 when a total of 190 job offers were listed, to 2013 when that figure had dropped to 35. The precarity of the labour market was also noted, especially in the length of employment time offered. The organization that most frequently used the forum was typically a document service company with headquarters in Madrid, and the jobs most frequently advertised were for professionals in cataloguing. The IweTel forum was considered a valuable source of data because it has the largest mailing list for information professionals in Spain; its disadvantage was that IweTel is most frequently used by private ventures who are familiar with the sector, while other types of company advertise there less frequently or not at all.

A partir d'un recorregut per les diferents opinions que, al llarg del temps, els professionals de la informació han tingut sobre l'intrusisme professional, els autors es basen en la seva experiència professional per defensar que s'ha de deixar de parlar-ne. Es repassen les últimes tendències del mercat laboral per als professionals de la informació i es fa una llista de les deu actituds que ajuden a posar en valor els coneixements de qualsevol professional de la informació. Aquestes actituds les han de fomentar els formadors per ajudar els nous professionals a tenir èxit en aquell mercat.Job fraud can be defined as the deliberate self-misrepresentation of professionals who are in reality unqualified for the job they profess to do. After reviewing the opinions on this subject voiced by various information professionals, the writers use their professional experience to argue that there should be no further need for debate. Instead, and by analysing recent trends in the labour market, they propose that the observation of ten basic attitudes can assign value to information professionals’ knowledge and skills, and that educators should promote these attitudes so that graduates can succeed in the professional world.

Objectiu: analitzar les ofertes d'ocupació publicades a la llista de correu IweTel des de l'inici de la crisi el 2008 fins a desembre de 2013, per veure les característiques d'aquestes convocatòries, quant al nombre, els llocs que demanen i els requisits per als candidats. -- Metodologia: anàlisi estadística de diferents aspectes de les ofertes d'ocupació que, en moltes ocasions, s'han hagut de normalitzar i sistematitzar perquè es puguin tractar. -- Resultats: la caiguda de l'ocupació en aquests sis anys estudiats (2008–2013) es fa evident, ja que passa de 190 ofertes publicades en el primer any a 35 de l'últim. Una altra característica que s'ha detectat és la precarietat d'aquestes convocatòries, sobretot pel que fa a la durada de les feines ofertes. L'organisme tipus convocant és una empresa de serveis documentals amb seu a Madrid que demana catalogadors. L'estudi té la fortalesa que la IweTel és la llista de distribució més important en informació i documentació a Espanya, però també té la debilitat que els organismes convocants, que generalment utilitzen aquest mitjà de difusió, són generalment privats i coneixen el sector, motiu pel qual no apareixen, o si ho fan és en menor mesura, ofertes d'altres tipus d'empreses.Objective: This paper analyses the number, nature and conditions of job offers in the job listings published by the internet forum IweTel during the period January 2008–December 2013. -- Methodology: The characteristics of job offers were analysed using statistical analysis. In many cases, the data had to be normalized before it could be used. -- Results: Employment in information and documentation clearly fell during the six-year period studied, from 2008 when a total of 190 job offers were listed, to 2013 when that figure had dropped to 35. The precarity of the labour market was also noted, especially in the length of employment time offered. The organization that most frequently used the forum was typically a document service company with headquarters in Madrid, and the jobs most frequently advertised were for professionals in cataloguing. The IweTel forum was considered a valuable source of data because it has the largest mailing list for information professionals in Spain; its disadvantage was that IweTel is most frequently used by private ventures who are familiar with the sector, while other types of company advertise there less frequently or not at all.

A partir de un recorrido por las distintas opiniones que, a lo largo del tiempo, los profesionales de la información han tenido sobre el intrusismo profesional, los autores se basan en su experiencia profesional para defender que debe dejar de hablarse de él. Se repasan las últimas tendencias del mercado laboral para los profesionales de la información y se hace una lista de las diez actitudes que ayudan a poner en valor los conocimientos de cualquier profesional de la información. Estas actitudes deben ser fomentadas por los formadores para ayudar a los nuevos profesionales a tener éxito en ese mercado.Job fraud can be defined as the deliberate self-misrepresentation of professionals who are in reality unqualified for the job they profess to do. After reviewing the opinions on this subject voiced by various information professionals, the writers use their professional experience to argue that there should be no further need for debate. Instead, and by analysing recent trends in the labour market, they propose that the observation of ten basic attitudes can assign value to information professionals’ knowledge and skills, and that educators should promote these attitudes so that graduates can succeed in the professional world.

Resumo A presente pesquisa tem como desafio apresentar aos docentes envolvidos no processo educativo-formativo do profissional da informação caminhos alternativos para a formação desse profissional. Apoiada no referencial teórico do paradigma científico emergente propõe-se a investigar as experiências inovadoras adotadas no processo de formação dos profissionais da informação, tendo o ensino com pesquisa como principal indicador para caracterizar essas inovações. Para tanto, utiliza uma abordagem de predominância qualitativa o que possibilita análises mais detalhadas e significativas. Os resultados alcançados evidenciam que os professores, de maneira geral, demonstram preocupação em vincular e articular ensino e pesquisa, reconhecendo a pesquisa como a grande geradora da construção do conhecimento. Pelos depoimentos colhidos pode-se dizer que os professores favorecem a articulação do ensino com a pesquisa, fazem referências às pesquisas que realizam e se utilizam de seus resultados na sua metodologia de ensino. No entanto, todo esse movimento não chega a representar uma ruptura paradigmática no processo de ensino-aprendizagem nas áreas de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Palavras-chave formação profissional e inovação; profissional da informação; articulação ensino-pesquisa Abstract This research faces the challenge of presenting to teachers involved in education-training of information professionals alternative paths for the formation of this professional. Building on the theoretical framework of the emerging scientific paradigm it proposes to investigate the innovative projects adopted in the process of training of information professionals, and teaching with research as the main indicator to characterize such innovations. We also use a predominantly qualitative approach which enables more detailed and meaningful analysis. The results obtained show that teachers in general show concern and interest in linking teaching and research, recognizing research as a major generator of knowledge construction. Testimonies reveal that teachers favor the articulation of education through research, make references to the research they perform and their results are used in their teaching methodology. However, all this movement is not enough to represent a paradigmatic rupture in the process of teaching and learning in the areas of Library and Information Science. Keywords vocational training and innovation; information professionals; linking teaching and research

Neste trabalho, desenvolvem-se aspectos conceituais e teóricos sobre Competência Informacional, desde a origem do tema até as discussões específicas e atuais – estudos e pesquisas no cenário nacional e internacional. Este estudo está inserido na Linha de Pesquisa “Profissionais da Informação” do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação – PGCIN – UFSC. O propósito engrena-se com a compreensão de uma realidade que constitui matéria de investigação científica para a Ciência da Informação. Uma ação reflexiva e prática: esta é a meta que se deseja alcançar; refletir na ação e sobre a ação. Busca-se gerar idéias sobre Competência Informacional, observando-se os insumos advindos da prática, do objeto de estudo: o Profissional da Informação Bibliotecário e a realidade percebida sob esse olhar.

Les competències professionals lligades als perfils professionals és un concepte que s’està imposant amb força tant en el món laboral com en el de l’ensenyament superior. A l’article es presenta l’experiència pionera del Consorci de Biblioteques de Barcelona en la implantació d’un model de gestió dels recursos humans basat en aquests conceptes.

This paper examines philosophical, methodological and practical strategic aspects of library and information activity from the viewpoint of natural human and social factors. In contrast to traditional methodological patterns, real-life information problems and supportive methods of information seeking are stressed. The formulated conceptual framework is related to new competencies of information professionals, needs of information institutions and position of a human being in information processes. New methodological approach is outlined in models including factors with impact on a position of people in information work, human complexity and relationships of people and information. The resulting idea of human unity in information-related behaviour forms the vision of research directed to philosophy of a man in information science.

The expanding information infrastructure in Europe will increase the demand for high-quality, easily accessible and usable information services. At the same time, in the Information Society, there will be an increasing demand for professionals with skills, able to improve their potential through life long learning, accessing and using information sources available world-wide. Highly qualified information professionals are a crucial asset in any society to enable it to reap all the benefits and opportunities created by the Information Market. In the Less Favoured Regions (LFRs) of the European Union there is a shortage of education and training opportunities for information professionals to enable them to cope with the rapidly changing environment. It was to address this need for well qualified and trained information professionals that the TRAIN-ISS project was funded under the IMPACT 2 programme of the Commission of the European Communities

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal identificar e analisar a distribuição da infra-estrutura de equipamentos e serviços voltados para a difusão cultural à população nos estados brasileiros, entendendo-se por isto o conjunto de bibliotecas públicas, museus, teatros, cinemas, emissoras de rádio, provedores de Internet e outros serviços levantados na Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais de 1999, divulgada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística em 2001. Apresenta-se também a distribuição dos profissionais envolvidos nessas atividades, tais como os profissionais da informação e do jornalismo, bem como escritores e professores, a partir de dados do Censo Demográfico de 2000. Em particular, discutem-se os indicadores de disponibilidade e oferta de serviços bibliotecários nos estados brasileiros, incluindo-se a relação dos mesmos com indicadores econômicos e sociais.