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3 results on '"Gutiérrez-Cobos A"'

1. El estado situacional de las instituciones educativas en Ecuador como factor asociado al logro de aprendizajes

Author

Bravo González, Julia Delmira, Gutiérrez Cobos, Lourdes Marina, and Restrepo Echavarría, Ricardo

Subjects
Aprendizaje, Educational quality, Evaluación educativa, Calidad educativa, Learning, Educational audit, Educational evaluation, Auditoría Educativa
Abstract

Una forma de medir la calidad de la educación es midiendo el logro de los aprendizajes. El examen “Ser Bachiller” es el instrumento que evalúa el desarrollo de las aptitudes y destrezas que los estudiantes deben alcanzar al culminar la educación intermedia. Asimismo, las auditorías educativas aportan al desarrollo de una cultura de mejora continua en las instituciones educativas, basándose en procesos técnicos de evaluación integral para garantizar el cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad educativa. Diversos estudios analizan los factores y variables asociadas al aprendizaje escolar. Este informe presenta los resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue determinar si el cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad por parte de las instituciones educativas es un factor asociado a los niveles de logro de los aprendizajes (medidos por la prueba Ser Bachiller). En el estudio participaron 314 instituciones educativas a nivel nacional. La investigación se llevó a cabo a través de un diseño descriptivo en el cual se relacionó el estado situacional de las instituciones educativas evaluadas en el año 2018 y el nivel de logro de aprendizajes. Los resultados permitieron establecer la existencia de una correlación positiva entre las variables de estudio, convirtiendo a los estándares de calidad en predictores de aprendizaje. La investigación es la primera en validar empíricamente los estándares de calidad aplicados en Ecuador y sus resultados constituyen un insumo tanto para el desarrollo de investigaciones en esta área, así como para la toma de decisiones en política pública que contribuya a la mejora de la calidad de la educación. One way to measure the quality of education is through measuring the achievement of learning. The “Ser Bachiller” exam is the instrument that assesses the development of the skills and abilities that students must achieve at the end of intermediate education. Likewise, educational audits contribute to the development of a culture of continuous improvement in educational institutions, based on technical processes of comprehensive evaluation to ensure compliance with educational quality standards. Various studies analyze the factors and variables associated with school learning. This report presents the results of research whose main objective was to determine whether the compliance with quality standards by educational institutions is associated with the levels of learning outcomes (measured by the Ser Bachiller test). 314 educational institutions nationwide participated in the study. The research was carried out through a descriptive design in which the following variables the situational status of educational institutions and the level of learning outcomes were related. The results allowed establishing the existence of a positive correlation between the study variables, turning the applied quality standards into predictors of learning. The present research is the first to empirically validate the quality standards applied in Ecuador and its results constitute an input for the development of research in this area, as well as decision-making in public policy that contributes to improving the quality of education. Azogues Especialista en Gestión de la Calidad en Educación

Published
2020

3. [Distribution of patterns of sensitivity and associated phenotypes of resistance in nosocomial and community acquired Escherichia coli during 2005].

Author

García MV, Gallardo MM, Rodríguez-Ortega R, Ropero F, Granados E, Viciana MI, Gutiérrez-Cobos A, and Pinedo A

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Child, Community-Acquired Infections microbiology, Female, Humans, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Phenotype, Prospective Studies, Young Adult, Cross Infection microbiology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology
Abstract

Introduction: The increase of resistances to Escherichia coli over recent years has made it necessary to know the patterns of sensitivity in a certain area in order to be able to orient adequate empirical treatment with this knowledge., Method: Prospective longitudinal study using E. coli isolations obtained during year 2005 in the University Hospital Virgen de la Victoria was performed. Sensitivity identification and study were made according to standardized laboratory protocols., Results: A total of 2,612 strains of E. coli were isolated from 2,098 patients with an average age of 52 years who had urinary infection as the most frequent sign. E. coli sensitivity was: ampicillin (AMP) (35.4%), ciprofloxacin (QUIN) (67.3 %), trimethoprim-sulfametoxazole (SXT) (63.4 %), phosphomycin (97.2 %) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (89%). The percentage of E. coli extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers was 8.2%. In general, nosocomial isolations were more resistant, this difference being significant for third generation cephalosporins, gentamicin and piperacillin/tazobactam (p < 0.005). Resistance in men was greater than in women and also in adults compared to children, with significant differences to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin (p < 0.005). A total of 27.5% of the strains were multiresistant, the most frequent phenotype being the one to AMP/SXT (11.9%), followed by AMP/QUIN/SXT (10.9%)., Conclusions: Resistances to E. coli are very elevated in out setting, above all, in quinolones, that even appear in children, so that up to half of the multiresistant phenotypes present resistance to this family. Furthermore, during the last year, an increase in the isolations of E. coli ESBL producers has been observed.

Published
2008

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