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Geomorphological and climatic variations in Colombia make a large part of the territory vulnerable to disaster risks, as a result of multiple underlying factors that require identification for proper management. For this reason, the underlying factors associated with the vulnerability of the municipality of Carmen de Atrato were determined. A perception, social and territorial analysis was carried out based on information gathered through surveys and semi-structured interviews, which included information related to socioeconomic, demographic, climate variability and natural resources, territorial planning and governance dimensions. With this information, the main factors were defined and weighted. It was observed that mass movements have the highest level of occurrence, followed by torrential floods and floods. Interconnections between variables were found, highlighting the scarce participation of communities in activities related to risk management due to their limited knowledge of planning instruments. A decrease in forest cover was noted in high-risk zones, related to changes in land use for economic activities. Finally, the high levels of risk identified suggest that prompt and effective intervention should be made.

Objetivo. Descrever o padrão temporal e espacial e identificar os fatores associados a incidência de HIV/AIDS entre jovens no Brasil. Método. Estudo ecológico que incluiu jovens brasileiros de 15 a 24 anos notificados com HIV/AIDS de 2001 a 2021. Utilizou-se o método joinpoint para a análise temporal. Aglomerados espaciais foram detectados pelos métodos Bayesiano, autocorrelação espacial, Getis-Ord Gi* e Varredura Scan. Quatro modelos de regressão não espacial e espacial foram usados para identificar fatores associados ao desfecho. Todas as análises estatísticas consideraram p < 0,05. Resultados. No Brasil, a incidência média foi de 12,29 por 100 000 habitantes, com aumento de 7,3% ao ano no período 2007-2014 e posterior decréscimo de 3,4% em 2014-2021. Observou-se padrão Alto/Alto e hotspots, principalmente em municípios do Sul, Sudeste, Centro-Oeste e Norte. O cluster primário localizou-se em 572 municípios do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina e os maiores riscos relativos em Manaus (Amazonas) e Rondonópolis (Mato Grosso). A taxa de analfabetismo (β = -0,08), Índice de GINI (β = -3,74) e Cobertura da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (β = -0,70) apresentaram relação negativa com o desfecho. Em contrapartida, o Índice Firjan de Desenvolvimento Municipal (β = 2,37), o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social (β = 6,30), o percentual de pessoas que recebem o Bolsa Família (β = 0,04) e renda per capita (β = 0,008) apresentaram associação positiva. Conclusão. Houve tendência de aumento da incidência de HIV/AIDS até 2014 com posterior declínio até 2021. Aglomerados de altas taxas concentraram-se, especialmente, em municípios das regiões Norte, Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. Indicadores de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica influenciam o desfecho positivamente ou negativamente, dependendo do território investigado.

The purpose of this study is to highlight the influence of cultural policies carried out in communist Romania in constructing the concept of "literary generation" between 1948 and 1965. Firstly, we focus on the militantly Marxist-Leninist discourse of official legitimization regarding a so-called “contingent” of poets who graduated from the "Mihai Eminescu" School of Literature and Literary Criticism in Bucharest between 1950 and 1955. In the second part of the article, we turn our attention to the ideological necessity of reinterpreting the phrase "young generation" in the context of the proliferation of the idea that writers are "builders of socialism" (1956-1960). Here, we focus on the polemical interaction between the "generation of the fight against inertia", represented by Nicolae Labiș (1935-1956), and the generation promoted "under the sign of the Revolution", represented by Nichita Stănescu (1933-1983), Ilie Constantin (1939-2020), and Cezar Baltag (1939-1997). In the last section of our discussion, we underline the dialectic between propaganda and aesthetics from which emerged what Romanian literary history records as the "(19)60s generation", and its references the 9th Congress of the Romanian Communist Party (July 1965) and Ion Pop's synthesis work Poezia unei generații ["The Poetry of a Generation"] (1973), in which the literary critic also includes Nicolae Labiș.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder caused by the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra and characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Boxing is a type of complementary therapy to improve symptoms in PD. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of boxing training on the functionality and quality of life of patients with PD. The literature search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar search engines. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. This systematic review included three studies that examined disease severity, mobility, physical activity, balance, and quality of life. According to the PEDro scale criteria, the three articles included were of high methodological quality. Statistically significant improvements after the implementation of boxing training was shown for balance and quality of life in contrast to the other variables. Boxing training intervention programs had a positive effect on balance and quality of life in patients with PD; however, the results are conflicting regarding certain functionality variables. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research to examine the effectiveness of boxing training on the functionality and quality of life of patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Este trabajo abordó el escalamiento de las competencias digitales en el rendimiento académico de estudiantes que acuden a un Telecentro, en horario extraescolar en Paraguay. Tal abordaje se impuso puesto que, está evidenciado la influencia de las competencias digitales en el rendimiento académico, empero, el sistema educativo paraguayo cuenta aún con una mirada tangencial de las competencias digitales, puesto que las mismas no se encuentran cubiertas en el currículum más que de forma transversal, por lo que se ve oportuna la investigación, mostrando la importancia de hacerle frente a este reto tecnológico. El objetivo fue analizar el escalamiento de las competencias digitales de los estudiantes que participaron en actividades formativas en el Telecentro de la Escuela Básica N° 152 “San Roque González de Santa Cruz” y su impacto en el rendimiento académico. Este propósito fue conseguido mediante una investigación secuencial, descriptiva cuantitativa, teniendo como sujetos de estudio a estudiantes del 7°, 8° y 9° grado de la Educación Escolar Básica, en el primer semestre del 2023. El análisis comprobó que existen diferencias significativas sobre el escalamiento de competencias digitales en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en función al antes y después de participar en actividades formativas en el Telecentro.

Resumo Introdução: Os acidentes por transporte terrestre estão entre as dez principais causas de morte no mundo, principalmente entre os jovens. Essas mortes refletem um importante impacto socioeconômico e precisam ser mensurados. Um dos recursos é o indicador Anos Potenciais de Vida Perdidos (APVP). Objetivo: Descrever aspectos sociodemográficos e estimar os APVPs devido a acidentes por motocicletas no Brasil. Método: Estudo descritivo de dados secundários oficiais, incluindo óbitos por acidentes com motocicletas em 2019. O indicador APVP e a taxa APVP foram calculados por sexo, faixa etária e regiões geográficas. Resultados: Em 2019, ocorreram 11.182 óbitos por acidentes com motocicleta, envolvendo principalmente homens, solteiros, pardos, de 20 a 39 anos e ensino médio completo, os quais sucederam-se principalmente no Nordeste. A taxa de APVP foi de 194,6 anos perdidos/100.000 habitantes e as taxas de mortalidade variaram de 3,4 a 8,4 mortes/100.000 habitantes. A proporção de fatalidades foi oito vezes maior em homens que em mulheres. Conclusões: Os achados deste estudo reforçam que esses acidentes são um problema considerável, com impacto socioeconômico prevenível e, com ações intersetoriais e medidas de fácil execução e baixo custo.

Chapter 2 of the Vegetable Production Handbook of Florida

(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(3), 1293-1299 | Article | (Abstract) Jurisprudential accounts of the autonomy of EU law have struggled to offer a compelling account of its unique features. Nevertheless, I argue that Ronald Dworkin’s court-centric methodological approach is better-suited than Hartian positivism to shed light on the notion that EU law is autonomous. This is because most questions about the autonomy of EU law, when asked from a positivist perspective, are of little or no practical significance and philosophical inquiry will inevitably be inconclusive. By contrast, the autonomy of EU law is routinely employed as a normative principle helping EU courts to decide the issue of which party should win the case at hand. It is better understood as a shorthand reference to a political requirement, namely that EU courts ought to identify the main values behind European integration and to build – as opposed to find in the extant legal materials – a coherent body of principles.

From 2010 to 2020, several efforts to decriminalize sodomy have taken place in Singaporean courts. Although these efforts have been largely unsuccessful, the cases have highlighted how courts can serve as a space to push for rights in a city-state that some have labelled “soft-authoritarian”—a state with democratic institutions in place, but with an under-developed set of democratic ideals and practices. This article argues that strategic litigation to decriminalize sodomy is forcing institutions in Singapore to evolve, become more democratic and responsive to a rising cultural backlash particularly with regards to sexuality. This article will examine some of the incremental changes that have come about due to the legal challenges, such as the strengthening of the court, the modification of laws to protect minorities, and the growth and diversification of civil society. Entre 2010 y 2020, los tribunales de Singapur han intentado despenalizar la sodomía en varias ocasiones. Aunque estos esfuerzos han sido en gran medida infructuosos, los casos han puesto de relieve cómo los tribunales pueden servir como un espacio para presionar por los derechos en una ciudad-estado que algunos han etiquetado como “autoritario blando” –un estado con instituciones democráticas, pero con un conjunto subdesarrollado de ideales y prácticas democráticas. Este artículo sostiene que el litigio estratégico para despenalizar la sodomía está obligando a las instituciones de Singapur a evolucionar, a ser más democráticas y a responder a una creciente reacción cultural, especialmente en lo que respecta a la sexualidad. Este artículo examinará algunos de los cambios graduales que se han producido debido a los desafíos legales, como el fortalecimiento de los tribunales, la modificación de las leyes para proteger a las minorías y el crecimiento y la diversificación de la sociedad civil.

The articles presented in this special issue explore the relationship between politics and law in the context of the Global South. While some of the contributions examined this relationship through the symbolic power of the law, others focused on how violence is embedded into the relationship between law and politics. The first group, which focused on the symbolic dimension of power relations, dug into struggles to either accommodate political projects into the existing law or whenever such interpretation was not possible, to propose new legislation consistent with those political goals. Meanwhile, the other group of contributions, those who paid special attention to the association between law and violence, described how the relationship between politics and law is centred disputed legitimacy of law in those societies. This introduction discusses how these two approaches complement each other and offer us a better understanding of the particular role law plays in societies in the Global South. Los artículos reunidos en este número especial exploran la relación entre política y la ley en el contexto del Sur Global. Mientras que algunas de las contribuciones examinaron esta relación a través del poder simbólico de la ley, otras se centraron en cómo la violencia está incrustada en la relación entre la ley y la política. El primer grupo de artículos, que se centró en la dimensión simbólica del poder, profundizo su análisis en luchas para lograr canalizar proyectos políticos en la ley existente o, cuando tal interpretación no era posible, para proponer una nueva legislación coherente con esos objetivos políticos. El otro grupo de contribuciones a este número especial, aquel que examino el lugar que ocupa la violencia en el derecho, dirigió su mirada a la disputa de legitimidad del derecho en sociedades periféricas. Esta introducción analiza cómo estos dos enfoques se complementan entre sí y nos ofrecen una mejor comprensión del papel particular que desempeña el derecho en las sociedades del Sur Global.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the increasing levels of inclusion of palm kernel cake (PKC) in the diet on the performance of feedlot heifers. Forty-eight Nelore heifers with an initial weight of 274 ± 4.58 kg, at 24 months of age, were confined for 98 days in a feedlot. The animals were allocated to the four treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of PKC levels of 0 (control), 10, 20, and 30% in the total dry matter of the diet. The roughage:concentrate ratio in the diets was 30:70. Ether extract intake increased, whereas the intakes of non-fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients decreased with the inclusion of PKC. The apparent digestibility of all nutrients decreased, as well as the amounts of nitrogen digested and retained. Microbial protein synthesis and its efficiency also declined. The inclusion of up to 20% PKC increased feeding time and reduced rumination time of heifers. Intake and rumination efficiencies decreased with the inclusion of PKC in the diet. Final weight and average daily gain did not change, but feed efficiency increased with the inclusion of PKC. The inclusion of up to 30% PKC in the diet of feedlot heifers is recommended.

Many martial arts systems have their own revered heroes, such as mythical founders and leaders of notable schools. The paper draws on ethnographic research conducted on The Blade Academy, an expanding historical European martial arts (HEMA) school in the United Kingdom. Among pedagogic strategies used by the lead instructors and their core followers are narratives about historic figures whose heroic beliefs and deeds should be respected and even emulated by practitioners. This article explores the case study of 12-13th century Norman-English knight William Marshal, who is used as a principal model for leadership, martial valour, economic success and moral activity by the lead instructor. We examine idealised models of chivalry that such modern martial artists aspire to follow despite them living within very different societies and value systems. We conclude by considering the merits of revisiting historical figures who might act as role models for modern teachers and their students.

Scaling complexity and appropriate data sets availability for training current Computer Vision (CV) applications poses major challenges. We tackle these challenges finding inspiration in biology and introducing a Self-supervised (SS) active foveated approach for CV. In this paper we present our solution to achieve portability and reproducibility by means of containerization utilizing Singularity. We also show the parallelization scheme used to run our models on ThetaGPU–an Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF) machine of 24 NVIDIA DGX A100 nodes. We describe how to use mpi4py to provide DistributedDataParallel (DDP) with all the needed information about world size as well as global and local ranks. We also show our dual pipe implementation of a foveator using NVIDIA Data Loading Library (DALI). Finally we conduct a series of strong scaling tests on up to 16 ThetaGPU nodes (128 GPUs), and show some variability trends in parallel scaling efficiency.

Introduction: Mental fatigue leads to a decline in teaching performance in response to the demands of online education. Objective: To assess cognitive fatigue in elderly university educators during psychoadaptation to digital environments. Material and Methods: A total of 27 elderly university educators were surveyed online from January to June 2023. A Likert scale was utilized, and reliability was validated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The Spearman correlation between cognitive fatigue and psychoadaptation to digital environments was analyzed using SPSS v25. The results were considered significant when p≤0.05. Results: Elderly university educators face difficulties with digital technology: concentration problems (88.9%), mental exhaustion (77.8 %), resistance to digitized tasks (70.4 %), lack of tool security (66.7 %), and work overload (81.5 %). Cognitive fatigue and deficient adaptation (score of 3.25) highlight the need for specific support. Data reliability (α = 0.73) supports cognitive fatigue measurement. The correlation between cognitive fatigue and digital adaptation is weak and nonsignificant (ρ = 0.2563, p = 0.2768), suggesting a complex relationship. Conclusions: There are significant challenges to the adaptation of elderly university educators to digital technology, emphasizing the need for specific support and appropriate strategies.

Greenhouse vegetables cannot usually compete directly on a price basis in the same markets with field-grown vegetables. Greenhouse vegetable production is much more expensive and more intensive and the crops must be marketed as specialty produce. Since greenhouse production is very costly and intensive, and the market for the specialty items is volatile, the prospective grower must be keenly aware of the special and exacting requirements of greenhouse vegetable production. This publication presents the special considerations that must be understood by all new or perspective greenhouse vegetable growers. This document is a chapter of the Florida Greenhosue Vegetable Production Handbook, Volume 1, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First Publication Date: December, 1990

ABSTRACT Beetroot, when cultivated in hot regions such as the Brazilian semi-arid, is subjected to various stressful environmental factors that can negatively impact its productivity and quality. Silicon is an element known for its ability to mitigate damage caused by both abiotic and biotic stressors and is recognized as a productivity and quality enhancer in agricultural crops. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of silicon application on the agronomic performance of the beet crop. The experimental design used was a randomized block design in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement with four replications, comprising five silicon doses (0.0; 0.9; 1.8; 2.7, and 3.6 kg ha-1) and two table beet cultivars (Fortuna and Maravilha). The assessed variables included plant height, number of leaves per plant, polar and equatorial diameter of the tuberous root, tuberous root, shoot and total dry matter mass, commercial, non-commercial, and total productivity, as well as quality assessment of the root with determinations of pH, vitamin C, titratable acidity, and total soluble sugars. A silicon dose of 2.56 kg ha-1 promoted optimal root development in the Fortuna cultivar; however, silicon application at all tested doses reduced the levels of soluble sugars, while a dose of 3.6 kg ha-1 increased total titratable acidity. In contrast, silicon did not infl uence root development in the Maravilha cultivar, but an application of 3.13 kg ha-1 increased the total soluble sugar content by 86.13%.

The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance on preparing and planting annual cool-season forages on prepared seedbeds and overseeding annual cool-season forages on pastures in north Florida. Written by C. L. Mackowiak, J. C. B. Dubeux, S. George, D. L. Wright, A. R. Blount, and I. Small, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised April 2024.

The Petralona Cave, which local inhabitants discovered by chance in 1959, is a remarkable natural and cultural landmark close to the village of Petralona, in the Chalkidiki peninsula of Greece. The site has gained global recognition for the discovery of a remarkably well-preserved Palaeolithic human skull, unearthed in 1960; it also holds archaeological and palaeontological significance. In this paper, the researchers introduce the Petralona Cave Virtual Museum: an innovative project whose mission is to increase public awareness and comprehension of the site. Our approach goes beyond mere replication of the physical museum located close to the cave; instead, the objective is to create an independent and comprehensive experience that is accessible to all visitors, irrespective of their ability to visit the site in person. Our methodology involved the documentation of the site and its history, analysis of user requirements, development of use cases to steer the design process, as well as architectural designs creation, itineraries and findings digitisation, and architectural structure finalisation. The Virtual Museum provides a well-organised frame structure that serves as an efficient gateway to the content, making navigation easy for visitors. Thanks to various presentation methods, including videos, high-quality images, interactive maps, animated content, interactive 3D models, plus searchable item libraries, among others, users are empowered to create a highly personalised navigation plan; thus the Virtual Museum experience is comparable to visiting the physical museum or cultural site. Cutting-edge digitisation techniques were employed to create highly detailed 3D models of the site. The Petralona Cave Virtual Museum is expected to offer an immersive experience, engaging diverse audiences; the interactive and educational exploration provides highly innovative access to archaeological knowledge. The visibility of the Petralona site is amplified and there is a significant contribution to knowledge dissemination about this important cultural heritage site.

RESUMO Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar um panorama sobre o desenvolvimento tecnológico no século XX, particularmente dos videogames, a obsolescência tecnológica e o lixo digital. O mapeamento desse cenário é fundamental para problematizar as aproximações entre -games e o pensamento acerca do Antropoceno, o qual será feito por meio da exposição de alguns exemplos de jogos eletrônicos que incorporam narrativas ambientais em seu -gameplay. Baseados nessa estrutura, desenvolvemos um estudo que demonstra como a indústria dos videogames surgiu sincronicamente ao desenvolvimento militar no século XX, tornou-se um problema ambiental ao produzir lixo digital e, nas duas últimas décadas do século XXI, incorporou as preocupações originadas da perspectiva do Antropoceno na elaboração de gameplay.

Se elaboró una propuesta de variantes metodológicas para el tratamiento y desarrollo de los contenidos de la asignatura Teoría Sociopolítica en la carrera de Licenciatura en Educación Primaria. Se emplearon los métodos análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción, histórico-lógico y trabajo con las fuentes. Se demostró que se deben buscar vías novedosas para lograr la interiorización del conocimiento a través de la docencia y, en su desempeño, puedan desarrollar acciones de carácter técnico profesional que con tribuya con la educación político-ideológica de sus educandos.

The aim of this study is to examine the theme of “cultural heritage” in the light of Eugen Simion’s work (1965-1971). Although this intellectual coordinate was promoted by the ideologues of the communist regime, it was approached in an aesthetic manner by the growing literary criticism of that period. Our main contribution is to observe how the public discourse changed because of the political interferences from the “socialist democracy” program. We will try to explain the strategies through which ideology functioned as Procrustean bed to literary criticism, focusing on the case of E. Lovinescu’s work, which became one of the central points of debate, thanks to a certain relaxation of the political control. Throughout the research, we will propose a few answers about E. Lovinescu’s status in the general context of those years.

Context: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in developing countries and ranks fourth in terms of death causes. Helicobacter pylori infection is a significant contributor to the emergence of gastric cancer. Lack of early diagnosis of gastric cancer is a leading cause of death. Aims: To identify the key genes and pathways involved in gastric cancer. Methods: This study performed a comprehensive analysis of RNA-Seq data from human gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues. Raw data passed quality checks with FastQC and were aligned to GRCh38 using HISAT2. Subread’s FeatureCounts handled transcript assembly and quantification. DESeq2 pinpointed significant genes, while ClueGO explored gene ontology and KEGG pathways. Protein-protein interaction networks, constructed with StringApp, aided in identifying hub genes through CytoHubba. This holistic approach yields insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning gastric cancer. Results: This study detected 711 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and gastric samples. A total of 594 genes were identified as upregulated and 117 as downregulated. Major DEGs are enriched in signal transduction, stimulus-response regulation, transmembrane signaling receptor activity, and signal transduction pathways involving cytokines. In addition, 20 hub genes from the PPI network were identified based on MCC rank analysis from the CytoHubba plugin, contributing to the progression of gastric cancer. Conclusions: The top six hub genes, CD4, CTLA4, CD28, CD80, CD27, and SELL, are expected to regulate several pathways and may serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection and treatment of gastric cancer patients.

Diabetes has detrimental effects on many organs, including the kidneys, heart, and the central nervous system, with ophthalmic involvement and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), specifically, being among the most severe and prominent consequences. Diabetic Retinopathy and especially advanced stages of the disease, have a crucial impact on patients’ quality of life and emotional status. In this context, emotional imbalance, psychological side effects and comorbidities, like anxiety disorders, could emerge, deteriorating the patients’ condition further. A number of questionnaires can be employed in the evaluation of the potential impact of Diabetic Retinopathy on patients’ quality of life, including the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and The National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema with vision-related quality of life, as well as the potential association between the disease’s severity, emotional status of patients and the manifestation of anxiety and psychological features. Results: Patients with fundoscopic findings had significantly lower scores in all VFQ-25 subscales, indicating worse quality of life in comparison to patients without DR. Severity of DR, greater levels of anxiety, daily sitting time, unemployment and lower education level, were all found to be significantly, negatively associated with a worse quality of life. Regarding emotional status, more years of suffering from diabetes, treatment with insulin and the hours being idle per day were associated with an increased burden of anxiety. In addition, the presence of a concomitant disease, findings in fundoscopy, diabetic macular edema and treatment with anti-VEFG injections, as well as the number of doses, were significantly associated with greater anxiety. Multivariate analysis showed that having Severe Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy or having Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and receiving insulin therapy (alone or in combination with another treatment), were significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety. Conclusion: The well-established impact of DR on the patients’ well-being, quality of life and emotional status render DR and CME prevention, stabilization or delaying progression as a necessity in order to protect patients from developing psychiatric symptoms. On the other hand, the speculated bi-directional association between emotional problems and DR progression highlights the importance of acknowledging and dealing with psychological issues with the aim of delaying DR progression.

Esta pesquisa visa analisar os indicadores de aprendizagem do conteúdo de álgebra dos alunos do ensino fundamental. Para essa investigação, a análise será por meio de dados do relatório do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB) de 2019 (INEP, 2021) e do boletim de uma escola pública municipal. A problemática partiu da seguinte questão: O que revelam os dados sobre a aprendizagem dos estudantes do 7º ano do ensino fundamental no que diz respeito ao nível de proficiência em álgebra, segundo o Saeb? A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e será realizada de acordo com os pressupostos teóricos de análise documental de Gil (2008). Os dados mostram uma deficiência na aprendizagem de álgebra dos estudantes que realizaram essa avaliação.

Abstract This study aimed to detect Toxoplasma gondii in artisanal salted meat products sold in street markets in the Ilhéus-Itabuna microregion and to assess the salt concentration used in their preparation and its influence on the parasite’s viability. A total of 125 samples of various artisanal meat products sold in street markets located in the Ilhéus-Itabuna microregion were collected during 2021. Serological analysis using indirect hemagglutination (HAI) and molecular analysis (PCR) were performed on these samples to detect the presence of the parasite. Möhr’s method was utilized to determine the sodium chloride concentration in the samples. Of all samples, 21 were subjected to a bioassay in albino mice to verify the viability of possible tissue cysts. Among the 125 meat products, 10 (8%) tested positive in the serological analysis including four cured pork sausages, five beef sun-dried meats, and one mixed fresh sausage (pork and chicken). None of 125 samples tested positive in the molecular analysis. On bioassay, all mice tested negative for the presence of the parasite. The NaCl concentration in the positive samples ranged from 2.9% to 8%. The results demonstrated that the salt concentration in the collected samples was sufficient to inactivate the parasite T. gondii.

Objetivos: identificar fatores associados à acidentes com material biológico e à percepção do risco biológico entre Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS). Métodos: estudo transversal analítico realizado com ACS, mediante aplicação de questionário e consulta de registros no cartão de vacinas. Regressão múltipla de Poisson com variância robusta foi realizada para analisar os fatores associados aos acidentes com material biológico e à percepção do risco biológico. Resultados: dos 207 participantes, 50,24% (IC 95% = 43,4 - 56,9) apresentou autorrelato de acidentes com material biológico, tendo como fatores associados possuir formação de nível superior [RP ajustada = 2,2 (IC 95% = 1,0 - 4,7)], ter outro vínculo empregatício [RP ajustada = 1,5 (IC 95% = 1,0 - 2,3)] e conhecimento quanto às vacinas necessárias ao ACS [RP ajustada = 0,7 (0,5 - 0,9)]. Constatou-se que 74,39% dos ACS tinham percepção de algum risco biológico, mesmo de forma limitada. Entre as variáveis investigadas, na análise ajustada, nenhuma mostrou associação com a percepção de risco biológico pelos ACS. Conclusão: a prevalência de acidentes com material biológico em ACS é elevada, sendo fatores associados possuir formação de nível superior, ter outro vínculo empregatício e apresentar conhecimento quanto as vacinas necessárias para a atividade laboral. Há limitada percepção de risco pela maioria dos ACS. Não foram encontrados fatores associados à esta variável.

Objetivo. Analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal e os fatores associados à mortalidade por doenças tropicais negligenciadas (DTNs) no Brasil de 2000 a 2019. Método. Estudo ecológico que analisou os óbitos por DTNs registrados no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Para a análise temporal, utilizou-se o método joinpoint. A dependência espacial foi analisada pelos índices de Moran global e local e Getis-Ord Gi*. Quatro modelos de regressão não espacial e espacial foram usados para identificar fatores associados ao óbito. Resultados. A taxa média de mortalidade por DTNs no Brasil foi de 3,32 óbitos/100 000 habitantes no período considerado, com a maior taxa (8,68 óbitos/100 000 habitantes) observada no Centro-Oeste. As causas mais prevalentes de morte foram doença de Chagas (n = 94 781; 74,9%) e esquistossomose (n = 10 271; 8,1%). Houve redução de 1,24% (IC95% = -1,6; - 0,9; P < 0,001) ao ano da mortalidade por DTNs no Brasil. Observou-se padrão alto/alto de distribuição espacial e hotspots em municípios dos estados de Goiás, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Tocantins e Piauí. Os indicadores “população em domicílios com densidade > 2 habitantes por dormitório” (β = -0,07; P = 0,00) e “índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal” (β = -3,36; P = 0,08) associaram-se negativamente ao desfecho, enquanto o indicador “índice de vulnerabilidade social” (β = 2,74; P = 0,05) associou-se positivamente ao desfecho. Conclusão. Quanto menor o desenvolvimento humano e maior a vulnerabilidade social, maior é a mortalidade por DTNs, o que deve direcionar as ações de prevenção e controle das DTNs.

El presente artículo se refiere a un estudio sobre la política medieval vista desde el llamado tapiz de Bayeux, que nos muestra las hazañas que circundaron la conquista de Inglaterra por los normandos, acontecimiento este que marcó la política medieval, lo que se exterioriza en la obra de arte, para mostrar a la posteridad la praxis bélica que se llevó a cabo tanto por parte del ejército normando como por el sajón. Todos estos sucesos son plasmados por los artistas y artesanos bajo escenas e inscripciones, que van señalando una política internacional y armamentista muy particulares, bajo la injerencia religiosa de la época.

RESUMO Este artigo apresentará o ideário do Movimento Bandeira e a composição imagética da revista S. Paulo (1936). Nosso objetivo será discutir como o ideário desse movimento político-cultural foi utilizado como estratégia discursiva para compor a visualidade do referido órgão publicitário. Para apresentarmos essa apropriação, faremos a exposição das formas como a produção cafeeira, a cidade de São Paulo e o “mito bandeirante” foram trabalhados visualmente nesse periódico. Consideramos que a leitura da revista S.Paulo será de extrema relevância, uma vez que apresentaremos a interação entre o ideário do Movimento Bandeira e os usos políticos das fotomontagens. Com a análise, esclareceremos os meios pelos quais o corpo editorial da revista lançou mão da fotografia e da fotomontagem para transmitir uma mensagem política.

This study investigated the attitude of Romanian medical students and doctors toward business ethics by measuring the preference for a particular ethical philosophy, namely, the preference for Machiavellianism, moral objectivism, social Darwinism, ethical relativism, and legalism. At the same time, this study aimed to explore the influence of sex, age, and ethics education on the attitude toward business ethics. The data collection was performed using a voluntary self-administered online survey including the Attitudes Toward Business Ethics Questionnaire (ATBEQ) instrument. Our findings show that the values based on which Romanian medical students and doctors make business decisions belong predominantly to the moral objectivism philosophy, which is grounded on rational actions based on a set of objective moral standards.

Spanish teachers in the USA are responsible for showing students what Spanish looks and sounds like (Ballman, Liskin-Gasparro & Mandell, 2001) and therefore act as role-models for their students in terms of their attitudes towards different varieties of Spanish. They must choose which features from which varieties to teach their students (Burns, 2018). Spanish teachers in the UK found Caribbean Spanish difficult to comprehend (Bárkányi & Fuerte Gutiérrez, 2019) and Spanish teachers in the USA preferred Peninsular Spanish over other varieties (Martínez-Franco, 2019), similar to Spanish teachers in Australia (Ortiz-Jiménez, 2019). The current study investigates (dis)preferences towards different regional varieties of Spanish by 63 primary, secondary and postsecondary teachers of Spanish in the USA. The findings indicate preferences split among four macro-varieties and a dispreference for Caribbean Spanish, highlighting the importance of comprehension and exposure to varieties regardless of prior explicit training on the topic.

El divertículo de Meckel, corresponde a un subtipo del intestino delgado. La endometriosis es una enfermedad ginecológica, causada por la presencia de tejido endometrial funcional, fuera de la cavidad uterina. El objetivo es mostrar este caso por lo infrecuente de coincidir estas dos entidades de forma complicada. Paciente femenina, de 35 años, acude por dolor, distensión abdominal, no expulsión de heces ni gases. Se interviene de forma quirúrgica y se encuentra diverticulitis de Meckel complicada, perforación intestinal y lesión de colon rectosigmoides, en el anillo de servilleta con posterior confirmación histopatológica de endometriosis intestinal. La endometriosis es una enfermedad que impacta la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen, el compromiso colorrectal no es frecuente y cuando existe, muchas veces es invalidante. En el contexto de enfermedades benignas, existe una tendencia hacia técnicas quirúrgicas conservadoras, pero en este caso se realiza una cirugía radical por la forma de presentación de urgencia.

Fundamento: la retinosis pigmentaria, enfermedad ocular de origen genético y baja prevalencia, progresa lentamente en años hacia el deterioro visual severo y afecta el desempeño social. En el Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico Dr. Salvador Allende, existe un protocolo asistencial institucional que incluye la atención sistemática e integral de los afectados. Objetivo: identificar las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en pacientes con retinosis pigmentaria y en sus familiares. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, realizado entre marzo 2016-marzo 2022, con muestreo no probabilístico e intencionado. Se seleccionaron pacientes y familias registradas en la base de datos del servicio, residentes en los municipios Cerro y Plaza, en La Habana.Resultados: de 145 personas estudiadas (74 enfermos de retinosis pigmentaria y 71 familiares), 138 (95,1 %) presentaban enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, entre las que se destacan la hipertensión arterial (29,7 %), la diabetes mellitus (21,0 %) y la asociación de ambas (13,0 %). En la dispensarización comunitaria se incluyen en el Grupo 4 las personas con déficit visual y además en otros grupos de dispensarización para atender mejor los factores de riesgo y enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles halladas en ellos.Conclusiones: la identificación de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles fue útil, para desplegar una atención médica holística e interdisciplinaria que facilite la prevención de enfermedades y complicaciones, permita preservar la visión, optimizar la rehabilitación visual y la calidad de vida. Se recomienda aplicar atento cuidado y mejorar la educación sanitaria en pacientes con retinosis pigmentaria.

O artigo ocupa-se com a aplicação do princípio da neutralidade da rede a partir da nota técnica n. 34 do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (CADE), que aborda as práticas do zero-rating e também seu impacto na legislação nacional de proteção à concorrência. Para possibilitar o objetivo de esclarecer como aquele princípio é interpretado pela autoridade administrativa brasileira, se expõe primeiro o conceito básico de neutralidade da rede e a sua relação com a estrutura que lhe é subjacente. Segue-se a isso a elucidação das práticas de zero-rating e seus possíveis efeitos, com atenção ao caráter especulativo do tema. Em um terceiro momento, precisa-se a argumentação trazida na nota técnica e suas respectivas formas teóricas, ao mesmo tempo em que se põe em discussão as questões concorrenciais e consumeristas trazidas pelo documento. Por fim, lida-se com a problematização da conjunção do quadro teórico trabalhado com as correlatas peculiaridades do ordenamento jurídico nacional. A conclusão é que a autoridade administrativa brasileira descarta o conceito de neutralidade da rede em favor do princípio da diversidade da rede, contrariando a estrutura normativa ex ante em que se funda o Marco Civil da Internet.

Introducción: el análisis de la situación de salud es una investigación primordial que se realiza en el sistema de salud cubano, en el que se estudia la salud, los elementos que la determinan y las formas de mejorarla. Objetivo: evaluar la propuesta de diseño de un esquema que contribuya a la mejora del aprendizaje del análisis de la situación de salud de la comunidad para los residentes de la especialidad Medicina General Integral, pertenecientes a la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Guantánamo. Método: se realizó una investigación pedagógica de tipo descriptiva en la antes mencionada institución durante el período marzo-julio de 2022. De un universo de 67 profesores que aceptaron participar, se seleccionaron 26 por muestreo intencional. Para obtener los datos primarios fueron aplicados tres cuestionarios tipo Likert para evaluar el esquema, en consideración con la estructura, la funcionalidad y el aporte en el aprendizaje. Dichos cuestionarios incluyeron las respuestas: Totalmente en desacuerdo, En desacuerdo, Ni de acuerdo ni en desacuerdo, De acuerdo y Totalmente de acuerdo. Los datos se resumieron en números absolutos y porcentajes. Se presentaron en tablas de distribución de frecuencias. Resultados: los subtotales de respuestas Totalmente de acuerdo y De acuerdo sobre la evaluación estructural y funcional, así como la influencia que se espera de este para mejorar el aprendizaje del análisis de situación de salud, se consideraron adecuados al superar el estándar. Conclusiones: el esquema propuesto es evaluado como adecuado en estructura y funcionalidad. Se considera positiva la influencia que se espera de este para mejorar el aprendizaje del análisis de situación de salud de la comunidad.

Introducción: Las capacitaciones permanentes durante la pandemia posibilitaron el aprendizaje en la educación superior. Objetivo: Describir la formación investigativa y la función pedagógica en docentes universitarios desde la complejidad psicosocial del aprendizaje sincrónico durante la covid-19. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio desde julio del 2020 hasta febrero del 2022 en la Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, en Perú. La formación investigativa consistió en 2 modalidades: talleres de formación y cursos de posgrado, y se registró la participación de las áreas académicas de ciencias de la salud, ingenierías y letras y humanidades. Se describió mediante un dendrograma la función pedagógica entre dos grupos de profesores (con asistencia permanente o no). Resultados: En los talleres de formación, 52,0 % de los asistentes correspondió al área académica de ciencias de la salud, 35,0 % a letras y humanidades y 13,0 % a ingenierías; mientras la participación activa fue de 22,2 % en ingeniería, 8,9 % en ciencias de la salud y 4,1 % en letras y humanidades. En cambio, el porcentaje para los cursos de posgrado fue de 41,0 en ciencias de la salud, 30,0 en letras y humanidades y 29,0 en ingenierías, con participación activa de 6, 4 y 3 docentes, respectivamente. No hubo diferencias significativas en la evaluación interna entre los cursos de posgrado (p

Introducción: Las limitaciones en el uso de las tecnologías en los docentes de la educación superior conducen al aislamiento social y la exclusión e impiden demostrar las competencias profesionales. Objetivo: Describir las habilidades digitales en docentes universitarios adultos mayores y su relación con el tecnoestrés. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, de mayo a noviembre del 2022, de 19 docentes en las edades de 60 y más años de la Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, en Perú. Para ello, se desarrolló un taller de capacitación y se evaluó la comprensión de 6 herramientas teórico-prácticas de la categoría docente en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje a través de la ejecución de actividades (cuestionario, chat y tareas) en la plataforma virtual Moodle. Asimismo, se orientó marcar los criterios de identificación de la investigación formativa y, para la calificación, se establecieron 3 intervalos de puntuación. Se aplicó una encuesta fundamentada en la demostración de las habilidades digitales y el estado emocional en relación con la tecnología. Resultados: El valor promedio de la calificación fue 14,73±0,42 y se obtuvieron los siguientes porcentajes para cada intervalo de puntuación: I) 57,9; II) 31,6 y III) 10,5. Igualmente, 73,7 % requirió asistencia técnica para interactuar con la enseñanza virtual, mientras que 84,2 % se agobió con el uso de la tecnología. Existió correlación (p=0,0256) entre la puntuación asignada en las habilidades digitales y el tecnoestrés. Conclusiones: Los docentes universitarios mayores de 60 años mostraron deficiencias en las habilidades digitales, lo cual condujo a la aparición de tecnoestrés.

Introducción: La COVID-19 provocó cambios laborales e influyó en el comportamiento de los docentes universitarios. Objetivo: Describir el bienestar y la salud ocupacional en la formación investigativa de docentes universitarios mediante el teletrabajo. Métodos: Se realizó un análisis sistemático mediante la metodología PRISMA que incluyó todo el año 2022 y los primeros meses del 2023. Con los artículos de inclusión se aplicó la inteligencia artificial Litmaps para la red de conexión. Se aplicó un cuestionario y posteriormente se aplicó la escala de Likert. El instrumento se validó con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Se consideró la prueba t de una muestra para probar como hipótesis descriptiva si el bienestar y la salud ocupacional desde la formación investigativa en docentes universitarios mediante el teletrabajo eran satisfactorios. Resultados: En el estudio 41,2 % de los artículos de revisión e investigación seleccionados con la metodología PRISMA correspondieron al año 2022. Sin embargo, el 50,0 % de los artículos semillas fueron del 2023, donde su análisis mapa indicó que no hubo citas de correspondencias. En cuanto al resultado de la valoración con la escala de Likert, y luego, con la prueba de hipótesis, se obtuvo insatisfacción en los docentes universitarios hacia la formación investigativa mediante el teletrabajo. Conclusiones: Existió insatisfacción respecto al bienestar y la salud ocupacional para la formación investigativa desde el teletrabajo porque los docentes universitarios consideraban que las condiciones laborales no fueron favorables.

A violência sexual está atrelada a problemas de saúde vivenciados pelas vítimas e a Psicologia possui grande importância no acompanhamento dessas pessoas. Este estudo qualitativo investigou a contribuição da formação inicial em Psicologia no atendimento de casos de violência sexual, segundo o relato de profissionais. Foram entrevistadas cinco psicólogas cujos relatos foram categorizados pelo método de análise de conteúdo, resultando nos agrupamentos: (1) Experiências favoráveis na formação que auxiliaram no trabalho com casos de violência sexual; (2) Dificuldades específicas quando a queixa é violência sexual; (3) Lacunas na formação inicial para atuar com casos de violência sexual; (4) Outros fatores que auxiliam o trabalho atual com casos de violência sexual. Os dados sinalizam contribuições indiretas da graduação para o trabalho com vítimas de violência sexual, entretanto não foram identificados ensinos planejados especificamente para essa atuação. Conclui-se que há uma carência de conteúdos específicos sobre violência sexual na formação da amostra.

Emergency remote teaching observed from 2020 to 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, reverberates questions beyond this extraordinary time frame when seen from the perspective of students and educators of a state school and a private school in Porto Alegre/RS, and additional situated knowledge. The ethnographic research, conducted in two main stages – interviews with teaching teams and participant observations of synchronous classes –, identified factors that until the pandemic were not at the center of reflections on educational inequality (technological, family, emotional, and domestic infrastructure), together with different behaviors, personalities, languages, and cultural references depending on the student’s social class and gender. From the point of view of educational professionals, the harsh reality of educators in public institutions (accumulation of subjects, extensive workload, and triple shifts) was compounded by discoveries concerning the teacher-student relationship and online methodological choices.

O ensino remoto emergencial, observado de 2020 a 2021 durante a pandemia de Covid-19, sob a perspectiva de estudantes e educadores de uma escola pública e uma escola privada de Porto Alegre/RS, além de saberes situados, reverbera questionamentos para fora deste marco temporal extraordinário. A pesquisa etnográfica, realizada em duas etapas principais - entrevistas com equipes pedagógicas e observações participantes de aulas síncronas - identificou fatores que, até a pandemia, não estavam no centro das reflexões acerca da desigualdade educacional (tecnológicos, familiares, emocionais e de infraestrutura doméstica), além de comportamentos, personalidades, linguagens e referências culturais diferentes de acordo com a classe social e o gênero do estudante. Do ponto de vista dos profissionais educacionais, à realidade dura das educadoras da instituição pública (acúmulo de disciplinas, extensa carga horária de trabalho e triplas jornadas) se somaram descobertas sobre o relacionamento professor-aluno e escolhas metodológicas online.

Objetivo: desarrollar y validar el contenido de un serious game sobre el manejo seguro de medicamentos intravenosos en pediatría. Método: estudio metodológico para el desarrollo y validación de contenido de una tecnología educativa. Los casos y desafíos del serious game se basaron en una revisión de la literatura y fueron validados por 11 enfermeros con formación y experiencia en el área. Se adoptaron índices de validez de contenido y concordancia para el análisis de concordancia y consistencia interna (mínimo de 0,8). Resultados: el contenido se basa en los principales antibióticos utilizados en el manejo clínico de infecciones en niños hospitalizados y en la seguridad del paciente. Se obtuvo una concordancia absoluta en 60 de los 61 ítems evaluados, y el mínimo obtenido fue de 0,82 en el índice de validación de contenido y 0,80 en concordancia. Los expertos sugirieron ajustes en la formulación de respuestas de un caso específico y se implementaron para mejorar la calidad del contenido de la tecnología. Conclusión: el contenido del serious game Nurseped fue validado por enfermeros expertos en salud infantil en cuanto a casos clínicos, enunciados de preguntas y respuestas de opción múltiple, además del feedback que presenta al usuario una respuesta basada en evidencia tras acertar o fallar en el desafío.

RESUMEN Introducción: La mortalidad por diferentes causas constituye un serio problema a nivel mundial. Determinar cuántas personas mueren cada año y las causas de estos fallecimientos, es uno de los medios más importantes para evaluar la eficacia del sistema de salud de un país. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento de la mortalidad según las diez principales causas de muertes, en mayores de quince años en la provincia Holguín en el período 2010 a 2019. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal. Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión al total de fallecidos del periodo, el universo quedó constituido por la totalidad de los fallecidos mayores de quince años como consecuencia de las diez primeras causas de muertes. Se utilizaron medidas de resumen para variables cualitativas y cuantitativas y se aplicó como técnica estadística el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: En el periodo fallecieron 66 623 personas con predominio del sexo masculino, con una tasa de 89,8 fallecidos por 100 000 habitantes y el grupo de edades de 80 años y más. Los tumores malignos fueron los principales causantes de muerte, con tasa promedio de 240,2 fallecidos por 100 000 habitantes, responsables además de la mayor cantidad de años de vida potencialmente perdidos. La correlación de Spearman entre las tres primeras causas de muerte y los grupos de edades fue 0,906 (p= 0,000) para tumores malignos, 0,732 (p=0,003) para enfermedades del corazón y 0,710 (p=0,004) para enfermedades cerebrovasculares. Conclusiones: A medida que aumenta la edad, se incrementa la mortalidad por tumores malignos, enfermedades del corazón y enfermedades cerebrovasculares. Palabras clave: mortalidad, causas de muerte, incidencia, prevalencia

Desde la publicación en 1949 de Corrientes literarias en la América hispánica por Pedro Henríquez Ureña hasta hoy, la novela latinoamericana ha sido estudiada por la academia como una producción cultural importante y quizás el género más emblemático del pensamiento hispano. Carlos Fuentes publicó su estudio La nueva novela hispanoamericana en 1969 alabando la novela como el género de más importancia cultural. Entre los investigadores del género de la novela latinoamericana, en inglés, incluyen John S Brushwood con The Spanish American Novel (1976), Donald Shaw y A Companion to Modern Spanish American Fiction (2002), Raymond L. Williams con The Columbia Guide to the Latin American Novel Since 1945 (2007) y muchos más. Ellos comparten la visión de la novela como una de las más prominentes fuentes de la auto-expresión latinoamericana. Los editores Juan E. de Castro y Ignacio López Calvo han compilado una nueva entrega a esta tradición de análisis literario en su nueva publicación The Oxford Handbook of the Latin American Novel (Oxford University Press, 2023). Este tomo de 45 ensayos escrito por 49 académicos en América Latina, Brasil, Europa y los Estados Unidos sobrepasa estos esfuerzos anteriores por su tamaño, su inclusión de escritores y movimientos marginalizados, su rigor académico y apego a la teoría literaria más reciente. Su principal atracción es que funciona como una herramienta de estudio para investigadores bilingües o estudiantes de posgrado de literatura hispanoamericana y brasileña. Como un producto de autores tan establecidos como Nicholas Birns, Doris Sommer, Raymond L. Williams, y Maarten van Delden hasta excelentes académicos jóvenes, el libro ofrece diferentes ángulos de estudio sobre los autores y las obras más interesantes del siglo XX y XXI. Los editores Juan E. de Castro y Ignacio López Calvo, por su parte, son unos de los académicos más productivos de la actualidad, y son excelentes promotores del estudio del género. El problema más grande que tiene el libro es que me hizo parar muchas veces por provocar el deseo de leer o releer los libros analizados, trabajo que duraría muchísimo tiempo.

Abstract The Bonsucesso zinc-lead (Zn-Pb) sulfide deposit is hosted in carbonate rocks from the Vazante Group (transition of the Mesoproterozoic to the Neoproterozoic time), northwest of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Regional deformation is associated with the thin-skinned tectonics that led to the formation of the foreland zone of the Brasília Orogen during the Neoproterozoic. These orogenic processes are the trigger of Zn-Pb mineralization in many base-metal deposits in the Vazante Group. Here, we describe the ore textures and the structures of the deposit to define its structural controls in deposit scale and formulate hypotheses about its forming process in the context of other Vazante Zn-Pb deposits. Mineralization distribution is controlled by a high-angle fault zone striking NNW and dipping 60° to WSW. Fault-related fractures functioned as pathways for Zn-Pb-rich fluids to be redistributed and crystallize where chemical conditions were adequate. Mineralization was likely formed in an extensional setting in breccia zones controlled by flexurally induced normal faults related to development of the foreland basin of Brasília Orogen. Later, the entire Vazante sequence underwent an inversion process and extensional structures were reactivated or obliterated. Finally, an understanding of local controls may be of good use to target exploration for new orebodies in the district scale.

Human beings depend on nature's resources to ensure their well-being and even to survive. The correct management of natural resources allows all people to have access to these goods of nature, in this way the theme of Ecosystem Services (ES) was developed, seeking to realize an appreciation of the benefits that human beings extract from nature. During this work, a participatory map was built together with the local community, pointing to ES in a Conservation Unit (UC). This CU, located in the northeast of Brazil, is home to several traditional and indigenous communities of fishermen who live in close connection with nature and traditional knowledge inherited by generations, it is home to fragments of the Atlantic Forest, a rich expanse of mangroves, the estuary of the Mamanguape River and beaches suitable for leisure. Among the methods and techniques used, we found tools such as observation, interviews, questionnaires and a manual participatory mapping with an intensive focus on the local community, this information was complemented with interviews with policy managers and a questionnaire addressed to tourists. The results identified that policy managers, tourists and the community cite different ES as the main ones, however, the main ES that support both the community's livelihood and tourist activities, the interactions between the provision ES with the cultural ES, as well as point to the loss of ES supply due to anthropic activities outside the traditional community. In conclusion, we highlight the importance that ES obtained from the estuary represent for the community and the role of traditional knowledge for the conservation of ES. Greater participation of public bodies is needed both to supervise and to carry out participatory planning that involves the three spheres of government and guarantees the well-being of communities.