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L’articolo svolge un’analisi critica della regolamentazione degli influencer quali fornitori di servizi di media audiovisivi di cui al Testo unico dei servizi di media audiovisivi (TUSMA), compiuta dall’Autorità per le garanzie nelle comunicazioni (Agcom) nelle Linee-guida del 2024. Per poter svolgere una siffatta analisi, nell’articolo ci si muove in una prospettiva di diritto costituzionale: accogliendosi, da un lato, la chiave di lettura teorica del costituzionalismo digitale; guardandosi, dall’altro, all’attività degli influencer nell’ottica dell’attività di informazione e della libertà di espressione di cui all’art. 21 Cost.

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever e investigar a evolução (ou involução, dependendo dos diferentes pontos de vista) da instituição do tratamento de saúde obrigatório para doenças mentais na Itália. As coordenadas legais desse tratamento foram estabelecidas pela Lei nº 180/1978, a chamada Lei Basaglia. As interpretações às quais a lei foi submetida na prática produziram um aumento no espaço de coercitividade no tratamento de transtornos psiquiátricos. Os “novos” tratamentos resultantes, entretanto, apresentam alguns problemas significativos de compatibilidade não apenas com as disposições da lei, mas também com as disposições constitucionais. O resultado da análise das práticas administrativas (as ações dos serviços públicos territoriais) e judiciais leva à conclusão de que, na Itália, apesar dos ensinamentos e das intenções de Basaglia, o espaço de coercitividade e o uso da força aumentaram significativamente, tanto que é duvidoso que a recente legislação sobre consentimento informado seja realmente respeitada em relação aos pacientes psiquiátricos.

From 13 March 2013 to 31 December 2022, Pope Francis served as Bishop of Rome while his predecessor was still alive and living in the Vatican. Both Bergoglio and Ratzinger were clear about their respective roles from the outset, but Pope Francis wanted the former pope not to withdraw into silence and even encouraged him to continue offering advice. While the pastoral direction of the new pontificate was unfolding, in part diverging from that of previous decades, Bergoglio’s opponents tried on several occasions to involve Ratzinger in opposition to the new pope, as if Benedict XVI were the authentic guardian of a Tradition that Bergoglio was undermining. Ratzinger rejected these attempts – partly facilitated by his own private secretary – and eventually chose to withdraw into silence to avoid further instrumentalisation. Despite the difficulties that arose during this papal cohabitation, this experience nonetheless set a precedent, the value and limits of which can only be fully appreciated with the passage of time.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the persistence, treatment adherence and drug cost associated with biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) in the management of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in Italy, with a focus on biosimilar drugs. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study involving eight hospital pharmacies, between January 2017 and December 2020, on naïve patients with at least one b/tsDMARD dispensation indicated for PsA. Patients were followed up for 12 months and persistence and adherence were evaluated by proportion of days covered (PDC). The originator and biosimilar for adalimumab and etanercept were compared. Furthermore, the real annual cost per patient based on adherence to therapy was calculated. Results: Patients initiating b/tsDMARDs for PsA had a mean persistence of 263 days and 48.6% remained persistent for 1 year. Adherent patients (PDC ≥ 0.8) were 47.6% for the overall population. Similar persistence and adherence were observed between patients treated with the adalimumab originator and its biosimilar, while patients treated with the etanercept originator showed lower persistence and adherence compared to those treated with its biosimilar (mean persistence: 222 vs. 267 days, patient persistent at 1 year: 29.4% vs. 51.5%, mean PDC: 0.53 vs. 0.70, adherent patients: 23.5% vs. 51.5%). The average annual drug cost ranged from €8,724 (etanercept) to €14,783 (ustekinumab), with an annual saving of more than €2,500 by using biosimilars. Conclusion: Poor adherence to medications contributes to suboptimal clinical outcomes. The comparison between biosimilar and originator offers further evidence in support of the biosimilar to optimizing resources in healthcare.

The history of the concept of perseverance, particularly but not only in the early modern age, is reconstructed here by identifying its various ancestry and lines of development, and especially by distinguishing from the religious notion a secular use and function of this virtue, with the intention of thus honoring the unwavering perseverance that characterized the late Leibnizian scholar Marine Picon.

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a winter symbiotic legume that associates with Rhizobium leguminosarum sv viciae. This work aimed to evaluate strains of R. leguminosarum for their infective ability and early-plant growth, BNF contribution, biomass and grain yield. Seventy-eight specific strains and four pea cultivars were evaluated in a growth chamber, five strains and three cultivars were evaluated in a greenhouse, and three strains and two cultivars were evaluated in a field experiment. Only 44-55% of all evaluated strains were infective in the four cultivars. In the greenhouse, D70 and D156 strains showed the best nodulation variables as well as higher N content and yield. The field experiment showed D156 and D70 yielded a similar behavior for N content in canopy biomass and individual nodule biomass, whereas D191 had a higher nodule number per plant, aerial biomass and grain yields. D70 provided good nodulation, N content in biomass, and yield in the growth chamber, greenhouse, and field experiments, whereas D156 had a like or superior behavior in the greenhouse and field experiments. Therefore, D156 could constitute a good candidate for bacterial single-strain inoculants, as well as for formulating microbial consortia. Highlights: • Only 44-55% of all the strains tested presented nodules in the four commercial cultivars. • The isolates from the genus Lathyrus had a higher proportion of infective and effective nodules (60%), whereas the isolates from Pisum had only 8%. • The D156 strain exhibited similar or better behavior than the reference strain D70 in chamber growth, greenhouse, and field experiments. • The D156 strain could be a good candidate for bacterial single-strain inoculants, as well as for a microbial consortium with D70 for Pisum sativum (L).

Este artículo se propone considerar la continuidad de la presencia de la obra de Miguel de Unamuno en el panorama cultural italiano, desde la aparición de las primeras traducciones y reseñas sobre él hasta nuestros días, para investigar si se puede identificar una evolución de las tendencias interpretativas alrededor de su obra. Debido al carácter heterogéneo de los estudios italianos sobre el autor vasco, se ha adoptado un enfoque principalmente cronológico, para poder considerar, década tras década, qué sintonías pueden haberse establecido o qué tipo de operaciones culturales pueden haberse llevado a cabo. Dividimos nuestra reconstrucción en tres etapas: (1) desde 1901 hasta la muerte de Unamuno, en 1936, período en el que podemos apreciar una casi monolítica apreciación de su figura; (2) desde los años cuarenta hasta la década de los ochenta, fase caracterizada por un inicial reposo crítico y por la mayor posibilidad de contextualización histórico-literaria del conjunto de su obra, gracias también a la institucionalización académica del hispanismo italiano; (3) desde los noventa hasta nuestros días, años en los que la recepción crítica de Unamuno ha sido marcada por una copiosa cantidad de estudios y traducciones que confirman la longue durée de la presencia del autor vasco en las filas de los grandes escritores extranjeros.

The essay intends to propose a reflection on the philosophical writing and style discussing Emil Cioran's thought, based mainly on the conversations and interviews in which the Franco-Romanian philosopher offered notable interpretative keys on this theme. With this contribution we attempt to articulate philosophical writing as a lógos which, starting from sensation, from life in the most direct way in which it is perceived, expresses existence, with the aim of freeing it from the evils that grip it.

ABSTRACT Several bat species use caves as roosts and some of these caves can harbor high concentrations of individuals. Such caves may represent opportunities for certain predators, benefiting from the concentration of potential prey. Here, we report the predation of a Pteronotus bat by a Corallus hortulanus in the Brazilian Amazon. On three occasions over a year, individuals of C. hortulanus were observed around a cave that harbors populations containing tens of thousands of bats. On one occasion, an individual of this snake species was observed preying on a Pteronotus sp. as it left the cave. Our record extends the known diet for C. hortulanus, documenting the predation of a mormoopid bat by this snake species for the first time. This record reinforces the need for longitudinal studies at sites with exceptional bat populations to gain a deeper understanding of the ecological predator-prey relationships involving this diverse group of mammals.

La recensione ricostruisce, sinteticamente ma con dovizia di argomentazioni, il filo rosso della dodicesima edizione del Manuale E. Albanesi, A. Valastro, R. Zaccaria, Diritto dell’informazione e della comunicazione, Milano, Cedam-Wolters Kluwer, 2023. Il Manuale analizza criticamente il principio costituzionale del pluralismo dei mezzi di informazione, che in Italia è stato elaborato dalla Corte costituzionale con riferimento alla radiotelevisione a partire dagli anni Settanta/Ottanta. Un principio ancora oggi presente nella giurisprudenza della Corte costituzionale e delle Corti europee, se pur da declinarsi con riferimento alle novità dell’ambiente tecnologico affermatosi, specie a partire dalla seconda metà degli anni Duemila, con la rivoluzione digitale e l’avvento del web 2.0. In tale innovativo contesto, l’esatta declinazione di tale principio rappresenta però per il costituzionalismo una sfida, a causa dell’ingresso di piattaforme online globali nella sfera pubblica. Il ruolo di tali piattaforme rischia di formare pericolosi nuovi “colli di bottiglia” nel sistema integrato delle comunicazioni e nel mercato unico digitale ed è quindi indispensabile in prima battuta riflettere sulla natura giuridica di tali piattaforme.

In The Cartographer, the playwright Juan Mayorga recovers for the present, and in an original and oblique way, some of the events that took place in the Warsaw ghetto in the first half of the 1940s. The piece makes explicit a parallelism between cartographic art and theatrical writing and at the same time translates it into practice through its own architecture. The map and the human body become there means of resistance to the impositions of History and vehicles of a memory that strives to save a part of the past and which allows to look at it with a renewed gaze and as an invisible part of the present.

Em Junho de 2022 foi apresentado nesta revista um novo conjunto de autógrafos adquirido pela Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, em 2020, através de um ajuste directo com os herdeiros de Fernando Pessoa. O presente artigo pretende dar continuidade ao contributo que a Pessoa Plural tem assumido no sentido de revela uma série de documentos de grande valor documental, alguns dos quais parcialmente revelados pelos biógrafos do poeta, que ajudam a reconstituir o percurso da família de Pessoa antes do seu nascimento, no decurso dos primeiros anos de vida e em etapas significativas da sua existência em Lisboa. Trata-se de um conjunto de perto de duas centenas de documentos, transcritos praticamente na íntegra, e sobejamente anotados, de modo a que ao conteúdo das cartas propriamente ditas se somem pormenores essenciais para o conhecimento do quotidiano de Portugal entre o final do século XIX e os anos mais próximos ao da morte de Pessoa. Propõe-se uma aproximação tão variada e completa quanto possível a vários núcleos epistolográficos representativos de diferentes vozes integrantes numa teia de relações que expõem personagens importantes do drama em gente real da vida de Pessoa.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer las disposiciones y estrategias que pone en juego el estudiantado para la construcción del oficio de estudiante universitario en la Licenciatura en Psicopedagogía de la Universidad Provincial de Córdoba (en adelante UPC). Se realizó una investigación de corte cualitativo en la cual se analizó un corpus conformado por 5 grupos focales, 3 entrevistas semiestructuradas y 5 entrevistas en profundidad. La muestra se conformó a partir de estudiantes, docentes y equipos de gestión de la Facultad de Educación y Salud de la UPC. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que, durante el transcurso de la carrera, el estudiantado logró enriquecer sus disposiciones y reconstruir, de manera significativa, el modo de vincularse con los objetos de conocimiento a partir de la internalización de las experiencias novedosas vivenciadas en la trayectoria universitaria. El tercer año de cursado constituyó para la mayoría el momento bisagra de la carrera, a partir del cual se modifican las prácticas estudiantiles. La internalización de nuevos modos y reglas, así como la reconstrucción significativa de esquemas posibilitó la construcción del oficio de estudiante universitario. Se recomienda a las instituciones universitarias realizar acciones para favorecer la construcción del oficio de estudiante universitario. En tal sentido, contribuir desde los espacios curriculares al proceso de alfabetización académica y al desarrollo de estrategias cognitivas, metacognitivas y habilidades sociales necesarias para concretar el proyecto universitario.

Pórtico

Background: Prolactinoma, the most common pituitary adenoma, is usually treated with dopamine agonist (DA) therapy like cabergoline. Surgery is second-line therapy, and radiotherapy is used if surgical treatment fails or in relapsing macroprolactinoma. Objective: This study aimed to provide economic evidence for the management of prolactinoma in Italy, using a cost-of-illness and cost-utility analysis that considered various treatment options, including cabergoline, bromocriptine, temozolomide, radiation therapy, and surgical strategies. Methods: The researchers conducted a systematic literature review for each research question on scientific databases and surveyed a panel of experts for each therapeutic procedure’s specific drivers that contributed to its total cost. Results: The average cost of the first year of treatment was €2,558.91 and €3,287.40 for subjects with microprolactinoma and macroprolactinoma, respectively. Follow-up costs from the second to the fifth year after initial treatment were €798.13 and €1,084.59 per year in both groups. Cabergoline had an adequate cost-utility profile, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €3,201.15 compared to bromocriptine, based on a willingness-to-pay of €40,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) in the reference economy. Endoscopic surgery was more cost-effective than cabergoline, with an ICER of €44,846.64. Considering a willingness-to-pay of €40,000/QALY, the baseline findings show cabergoline to have high cost utility and endoscopic surgery just a tad above that. Conclusions: Due to the favorable cost-utility profile and safety of surgical treatment, pituitary surgery should be considered more frequently as the initial therapeutic approach. This management choice could lead to better outcomes and an appropriate allocation of healthcare resources.

Se describe el caso de un hombre de 62 años de edad, con múltiples comorbilidades que concurre a la consulta por dolor lumbar severo compatible con espondilodiscitis de T12-L1-L2. Se realizó una endoscopia con abordaje posterolateral izquierdo con técnica adentro-adentro para fines diagnóstico y terapéutico. Se aisló un germen y se administró un tratamiento antibiótico específico. Dada la buena evolución clínica del paciente, fue dado de alta a los 7 días de la cirugía, con buen manejo del dolor y antibióticos intravenosos en el domicilio. Se presenta una breve revisión bibliográfica.

The article presents the various phases in which one of the most eminent journals of the history of philosophy, the Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie (1888–), dealt with Leibniz’s philosophy and his intellectual legacy. In particular, this study compares the main moments of historiographical interest and disinterest for this subject to the specific attitudes of the journal during the long 20th century.

The paper deals with the theme of the nocturni attested in a single epigraph found at the end of the nineteenth century close to Gherla, near the current Cluj-Napoca in Romania. The nocturni in Gherla epigraph have often been identified as a sort of fire brigade, similar to the vigiles active in Rome and created by Augustus, and therefore reconnected to the municipal security organizations, or as municipal magistrates active in the same fields. Recent studies on some of the elements that have allowed this identification over time now forces us to question it and to hypothesize a new identification for the nocturni.

Starting from some legal questions relating to what today would be defined as crimes against property committed in the baths and taking account of some traces of them also present in Roman military law, the contribution finally addresses one of the functions definable in terms of public security probably entrusted to the cohortes vigilum created by Augustus: the surveillance of the baths to prevent theft of users’ goods. The analysis also provides an opportunity to return to the theme of the functions performed by the vigiles and in particular to the specific question whether they were actually attributable exclusively to fire surveillance and night police or whether they also concerned other security tasks to be performed even during the day.

Antecedentes: Las plantas en ecosistemas áridos exhiben adaptaciones a las sequías periódicas, más frecuentes e intensas por el cambio global. Conocer los atributos ecofisiológicos en las especies, ayudará a entender sus adaptaciones a las limitaciones de agua. En los ecosistemas del Noroeste de México coexisten árboles perennifolios y caducifolios, de los que poco se conocen sus adaptaciones hídricas y funcionales. Preguntas: ¿Cuáles son las diferencias en los atributos de resistencia a la sequía e hídricos, en árboles coexistentes de una comunidad semi-árida? ¿Es posible determinar mecanismos de coexistencia? Especies de estudio: Olneya tesota, Ipomoea arborescens y Jatropha cordata. Sitio y año de estudio: Matorral subtropical del Desierto Sonorense. Sonora, México, 2021. Métodos: Densidad de flujo de savia (Fd) medido continuamente utilizando sensores de disipación de calor, potenciales hídricos al amanecer (Ψpd), al mediodía (Ψmd) y conductancia estomática (gs), en el verano. Resultados: Olneya (perennifolia) mantuvo Fd durante todo el año, pero Ipomoea y Jatropha (deciduas) solo durante días húmedos del verano. La Fd máxima de Ipomoea y Jatropha (~1200 g cm-2 día-1) fue el doble que Olneya (600 g cm-2 día-1). Durante los períodos secos, los árboles deciduos disminuyeron Fd. Los potenciales hídricos y conductancia estomática permitieron diferenciar los nichos hidrológicos en tipos funcionales isohídricos (Ipomoea y Jatropha) y anisohídricos (Olneya). Conclusiones: Un gradiente decreciente de resistencia a la sequía se encontró entre Ipomoea, Jatropha y Olneya. Estas especies logran su coexistencia por sus nichos hidrológicos, caracterizados por flujos de savia, estrategias iso-anisohídricas, y profundidad de raíces.

Lo scritto analizza la soluzione e le argomentazioni elaborate dalla sentenza a Sezioni Unite n. 41994 del 2021 in tema di fideiussione omnibus a valle di una intesa antitrust, e propone una possibile strada alternativa incentrata sulla immeritevolezza delle clausole contrattuali. / 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐼𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑗𝑢𝑑𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑛. 41994 𝑜𝑓 2021 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑜𝑚𝑛𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑦 𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑡ℎ 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 «𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠» 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠.

The following contributions stem from a Call for Papers on “Superstitio from Ancient to Early Modern: Philosophy, Lexicography, and History of Ideas” that was presented in the previous issue of Lexicon Philosophicum (8, 2020). While historians have often studied ‘superstition’ tracing past practices of now sunken beliefs and systems of belief, we were especially interested in charting the intricate lexical and semantic field that originates from and surrounds ‘superstition’: the web of word usages, associations, and meanings, as well as of connected terms and concepts, that arose in the early modern reception of ancient debates and in the transformation, extensions, and innovations that modernity brought about in this domain.

Listen to those silences: translating, communicating and reflecting Entendez-vous dans les montagnes…by Maïssa Bey, in Italian and English Maïssa Bey is a French-speaking Algerian writer whose first works were published in the 1990s, during the "black decade" of the civil war that ravaged Algeria. Algerian people, especially women, of whom the author is an integral part, are the protagonists of her stories and novels that aim to break the silences and censorship, to explore the small stories hidden behind the big story. This article aims to analyse the Italian and English translations of Entendez-vous dans les montagnes..., a novel published in France in 2002 and in Algeria in 2007. The Italian translation, published by Astarte in 2020, is by Barbara Sommovigo, who had already translated Bey’s Puisque mon coeur est mort in 2013, initiating an almost paradigmatic author-translator relationship that allows for an effective approach to a short but complex text like Entendez- vous dans les montagnes... The English translation is by the American Erin Lamm, and is the result of her doctoral thesis, with a clearly more academic intention than the Italian text, whose publishing house Astarte aims to communicate voices from the shores of the Mediterranean. In fact, Bey's work travels between two languages and therefore between two cultures, the French and the Algerian, which intersect in the pages of the story like the lives of the three protagonists. An Algerian woman, an elderly Frenchman and Marie, a young blond woman, meet in the same compartment of a train to evoke memories and thoughts, which lead them to the past and recent history of Algeria, through painful pages among which is evoked the loss of the author's father, killed in 1957 by French soldiers. It is a difficult task for the translators to render this multiplicity of themes and languages from the title: for a French-speaking reader, there is a strong reference to both a line from the Marseillaise and an Algerian patriotic song (Min Djibalina). The Italian title is therefore changed to Dietro quei silenzi…, while the English title is purely literal, Do You Hear in the Mountains... This is just one of the translation choices that will be analysed in this paper, in which the comparison between the strategies and techniques used in the two translation works will be constant, creating a perpetual dialogue with the original text, in the image of the friendship that now exists between the author Maïssa Bey and the two translators.

The present study is part of a microsociological research conducted between 2016 and 2019 in the context of the emergence of new social movements triggered in post-dictatorship Chile. Specifically, it deals with the emergence of the sociopolitical discourses of people labeled as disabled. The intention is to present the construction of the political discourses of dissident disability activists living in Chile. For this purpose, we value these discourses as counter-hegemonic or from the margins; that is, they do not follow the approaches of dominant medical and citizen interpretations. We used a qualitative and feminist methodological approach on the bodily itineraries of eleven activists. This allowed us to further explore the group’s life trajectories, social discourses, and political praxis. The political discourses of dissident disability activists living in Chile are part of the claims of non-standard corporealities to access the public and cultural scene. It is imperative to generate counter-hegemonic discourses incorporating diverse knowledge in order to advocate for the rights of people who relate to difference and to make visible the structural inequalities that affect subaltern collectives. The article incorporates a situated, feminist, and Latin American perspective to address a phenomenon of growing interest in the social sciences, and presents reflections that contribute to both academia and activism.

Um importante elemento de coerência na formação de professores é a compatibilidade entre aquilo que se aprende na universidade e o que pode ser observado durante os estágios supervisionados, o que nem sempre acontece devido à divergência de teorias adotadas nos cursos de graduação e nas práticas pedagógicas nas escolas. Neste artigo são exploradas as experiências no Estágio Supervisionado com temática da Educação CTSA (Ciências, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente) e suas interseções com a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica (PHC). O estágio foi realizado nos 7os e 8os anos do Ensino Fundamental, acompanhando um professor monitor que segue a pedagogia materialista. Durante as observações, foram feitas anotações baseadas em evidências para a análise. O estagiário também realizou uma regência. Foram realizadas uma análise dos resultados do estágio e uma análise da articulação da aula do professor com os eixos da ênfase CTSA. Apesar das diferenças entre a Educação CTSA e a PHC, o professor monitor consegue inserir conteúdos CTSA em suas aulas através de suas explicações e demais atividades. Sobre a regência, foi concluído que permaneceram algumas distorções conceituais, que poderiam ser superadas caso o estagiário fosse responsável por uma sequência de aulas, podendo dar continuidade com o ensino e a aprendizagem.

ABSTRACT Introduction and objectives: Coronary artery aneurysms are a complex situation. Our main objective is to describe the frequency of use of covered stents (grafts) for their management, as well as to characterize their long-term results compared to drug-eluting stents. Methods: Ambispective observational study with data from the International Coronary Artery Aneurysm Registry (CAAR) (NCT-02563626). Only patients who received a stent-graft or a drug-eluting stent where the aneurysm occurred were selected. Results: A total of 17 patients received, at least, 1 stent-graft while 196 received 1 drug-eluting in the aneurysmal vessel. Male predominance, a higher rate of dyslipidemia, a past medical history of coronary artery disease, previously revascularized coronary artery disease, and giant aneurysms were reported in the stent-graft cohort. The independent predictive variables of the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, heart failure, unstable angina, reinfarction, stroke, systemic embolism, bleeding or any aneurysmal complications at the median follow-up of 38 months were suggestive of the existence of connective tissue diseases (HR, 5.94; 95%CI, 1.82-19.37), left ventricular dysfunction ≤ 55% (HR, 1.84; 95%CI, 1.09-3.1), and an acute indication for heart catheterization (HR, 2.98; 95%CI, 1.39-6.3). The use of stent-grafts was not associated with the occurrence of more composite endpoints (23.5% vs 29.6%; P = .598). Conclusions: The use of stent-grafts to treat coronary aneurysms is feasible and safe in the long-term. Randomized clinical trials are needed to decide what the best treatment is for these complex lesions. Keywords: Coronary aneurysm. Registry. Stent. Stent graft. Angioplasty.

RESUMEN Introducción y objetivos: Los aneurismas coronarios son una situación compleja. Planteamos como objetivo principal describir la frecuencia de utilización de stents recubiertos (grafts) para su tratamiento y caracterizar sus resultados a largo plazo en comparación con stents farmacoactivos. Métodos: Estudio observacional ambispectivo, con información procedente del Registro Internacional de Aneurismas Coronarios (CAAR) (NCT-02563626). Se seleccionaron los pacientes que recibieron un stent-graft o un stent farmacoactivo en la zona del aneurisma. Resultados: Un total de 17 pacientes recibieron al menos un stent-graft y 196 un stent farmacoactivo en la zona aneurismática. Se observa un predominio del sexo masculino y una mayor frecuencia de dislipemia, antecedentes de coronariopatía, enfermedad coronaria revascularizada previamente y aneurismas gigantes en la cohorte de stent-graft. Como variables independientes predictoras del desarrollo del evento combinado (muerte por cualquier causa, insuficiencia cardiaca, angina inestable, reinfarto, ictus, embolia sistémica, sangrado o cualquier complicación en el aneurisma), tras una mediana de seguimiento de 38 meses, destacaron la existencia de conectivopatías (hazard ratio [HR] = 5,94; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%], 1,82-19,37), la disfunción del ventrículo izquierdo ≤ 55% (HR = 1,84; IC95%, 1,09-3,1) y la indicación aguda del cateterismo índice (HR = 2,98; IC95%, 1,39-6,3). El uso de stent-grafts comparado con el de stents farmacoactivos no se asoció al desarrollo de más eventos combinados (23,5 frente a 29,6%; p = 0,598). Conclusiones: El uso de stents recubiertos en aneurismas coronarios es factible y seguro a largo plazo. Se necesitan estudios clínicos aleatorizados para decidir el mejor tratamiento de este tipo de lesiones complejas.

A report contained in the Collectio Avellana and relating to an episode of the riots of 418-419 AD following the death of the bishop of Rome Zosimus, mentions the intervention of employees of the Urban Prefecture identified with a military-tipe nomenclature and otherwise unknown, the contubernales. After a recontruction of the events, the contribution takes into consideration the different theses about the identity of the contubernales and makes a proposal for their more precise identification.

A recently published volume offers the opportunity to discuss again some problems concerning the origins of the Praetorian Cohorts, their relations with the Urban Cohorts, their tasks and some circumstances relating to their dissolution by Constantine. The relationship with the princeps remains fundamental. The correct framing of this relationship allows us to understand the reason for the various tasks entrusted to the Praetorians and shows their intimate connection with the constitutional changes that lead from the Republic to the Empire.

Water is a matter of great concern for the PRC, especially for its agricultural sector, besieged by shortage, soil degradation, and raising production costs. Because of this, Water Users' Associations (WUA) are garnering domestic attention as a cost-effective solution for growth-compatible sustainability. These associations are inspired by Elinor Ostrom's design principles for the management of common resources. Through long-term ethnography among various stakeholders of the Yunnanese water sector, this article challenges the notion that the implementation of Ostrom-inspired WUAs in the Chinese countryside is fulfilling the associations' accompanying promises of sustainable growth. Instead, this study finds that Chinese WUAs proliferate thanks to pre-existing promises of collective prosperity. North-eastern Yunnan is rich in social arrangements for sustainable water management that predate the introduction of WUAs and make their ordinary operations possible. WUAs proponents conveniently blame the failure they see in Ostrom-inspired organisations on said arrangements while retaining faith in Ostrom's design principles. An ethnography of Ostrom-inspired associations can salvage Ostrom's intellectual project from the prescriptive readings of development planners and her critics. Yet, it also shows that alternative sustainable arrangements in human projects for the environment may become less plausible once captured by the prescriptive episteme of development planners.

Considered a crucial resource, to be exploited for profit or to be protected as a common good, attention has attracted the interest of many disciplines. Despite this, sociology has not yet proposed a systematic analysis of it. The goal of this paper is to show the sociological relevance and heuristic utility of the concept of attention. In the first part, an initial definition of ‘attention’, in relation especially to the concepts of selection and limitation of attentional resources, is provided. Then, the most recent and relevant perspectives that have elected attention as an object of sociological investigation are discussed: the school of cognitive sociology that refers to the figure of Eviatar Zerubavel, the perspectives that look at attention as a resource and Dominique Boullier’s idea of ‘regimes of attention’. Overall, it is shown how adopting a particular metaphor for the study of attention tends to implicitly guide the choice of the elements considered relevant to the observed phenomenon. Therefore, the limitations and potentialities of the different perspectives are analyzed, the points of convergence are explored, and, in conclusion, possible future lines of research are mentioned.

L’Autore si confronta con il tema dei limiti soggettivi del giudicato nel diritto brasiliano, mettendolo a confronto con il sistema italiano, in particolare con riferimento alla necessità del rispetto del principio del contraddittorio, dando altresì conto dell’attuale dibattito relativo all’estensione del giudicato nei confronti del socio a seguito di un processo fra creditore e società.

La adquisición de productos tecnológicos enfrenta a los consumidores a un fenómeno de profunda asimetría de información. Para adoptar una decisión de consumo eficiente, se requiere información abundante y compleja. Las agencias de protección del consumidor suelen trasladar la obligación de brindar esta información al proveedor. No obstante, debido a la cantidad, la variedad y la complejidad de la información exigida, esto solo encarecería el precio final del producto, sin llegar a ser útil para todos los consumidores. Por otro lado, la información brindada por el proveedor siempre resulta sospechosa, pues lo que busca es vender el producto. Internet brinda a los consumidores suficientes herramientas para conseguir toda la información necesaria, no solo de los proveedores, sino también de terceros. Los terceros tienen los incentivos para producir información veraz, objetiva e imparcial, mucho más útil para el consumidor que la que podría brindar el proveedor.

Even if Alessandro Tassoni fully translated Justus Lipsius’ “Politicorum libri” a few years after the publication of the princeps edition (1589), critics have frequently diminished the impact of Lipsian thought on his writings. This article aims at refuting this thesis, showing how the “Politicorum libri” permeate Tassoni’s ideas. However, the comparison with Lipsius, characterised by a strong polemical spirit, is not patent. Rather, it develops through a subtle quotation game: in his texts, Tassoni includes various references to Tacit that Lipsius had used to sustain his absolutist, hispanophile and conservative thought, reversing its sense.

The essay examines the relationes ad limina written by some Spanish bishops between 1947 and 1957. In these documents the bishops deal with the pastoral action carried out to restore Catholicism to Spain after the years of the Second Republic and the civil war and they describe the intense social commitment promoted since the end of the 1940s to combat illiteracy and misery of workers and peasants. They also report behaviours and data that highlight a growing secularisation and contrast with the image of a compact Catholic Spain.

The value of ad limina relationes as source documents has been widely enhanced by historiographical research. These sources are capable of returning valuable information about the life of the diocese as well as the biography of the bishops who compiled it. The relationes compiled between 1945 and 1958 have the ability to offer valuable information on an ecclesial situation marked by the theme of reconstruction: not only material, but also in the sense of a redefinition of the core values of the society. In this way, through the relationes, it is possible to ascertain how the great slogans and the great ideas of the pontificate of Pius XII have actually been received locally.

The contribution we are putting forward aims to analyze the storytelling and territorial branding processes of the rural areas affected by the central Apennine earthquakes (2017-2017). The work is part of an extensive ethnography that sees the authors engaged in action-research that began during the emergency and still is ongoing. The methodological positioning question is not secondary in a research that claims to be part of the accelerationist paradigm of disaster studies:the place branding processes will, in fact, be analyzed from a socio-historical perspective to focus on the current frictions and accelerations experienced during the intense post-earthquake period. During the emergency, governmental devices dosed resources and processes causing strong accelerations in some areas, extended dilations of the suspended time in others. In these temporal instances places have been abandoned or intensely stressed, they have been re-designed and re-signified, affected by flows or excluded from them.The territories, emptied of the resident population, have witnessed planning accelerations, with the consequent need to build discursive bases and requests for participation, and, at the same time, inverse processes where participation was opposed and the context’s significations were invisiblised because of their criticality. On this orography of smooth and striped levels (Deleuze and Guattari) the relevant economic stakeholders and institutional governance actors have implemented extractive strategies and practices for the local development of the earthquake-stricken areas. The latter, while revealing themselves to be heterogeneous, seem to have in common a liberalist intervention perspective. In fact, on the one hand they have deepened dynamics of classic pre-capitalist extractivism (exploitation of natural resources, infrastructures, etc.), on the other hand they have worked to consolidate and spread in the Central Appennines’ territories those economic devices linked to representation and based on the economy of enrichment (Boltansky Esquerre). This second aspect, on which the article’s analysis focuses through the data collected with inteviews, textual analysis, focus-group and other qualitative tools, is the element which we consider innovative and that, starting from the case-study, questions the more general trends in rural areas’ development governance.What occurs inside the seismic crater, in fact, is a more dynamic version of a mechanism operating also in other marginalized areas of the country, such as those affected by the SNAI. There, too, development models based on outdoors and experience - and the related branding and tourism processes - seems to gain a growing centrality on which stakeholders and public institutions converge taking them as a sort of positive axiology, an absolute value capable of guiding development models. Yet, these processes of instrumental use of the territory question the foundation of anthropic coexistence in semi-natural environments, especially in fragile territories. From the macro aspects, such as flows’ sustainability in marginal context, to the epistemological ones, like the foundations of anthropic compromise in the high lands based on the osmotic relationship with natural resources, these branding phenomena questions, on several levels - from the organizational up to the ideological one - the relationship between subjects, territories and development paradigms in fragile context.

The article presents the results of the qualitative survey “Quality of life and physical activity in Elderly People” which aimed to investigate the influence of physical activity on the quality of life of the elderly people. Five focus groups were carried out to find out the opinion of 35 participants of an exercise programme in an Italian center for training and introduction to sport. The content analysis was carried out through the application of the Schalock and Verdugo’s Quality of Life Scale. The survey showed that participation in this physical activity programme enabled participants to counteract the onset of physical and physiological age-related limitations; it favoured processes of personal and community empowerment, positively affecting aspects relating to the emotional and psychological dimension, the development of self-esteem and self-efficacy, the management of relational dynamics and promoting participation, social inclusion and the establishment of meaningful relationships.

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