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Las prácticas de restauración ecológica realizadas después de los incendios forestales en los bosques mixtos de pino encino del Parque Ecológico Chipinque (PECh), México, han sido escasamente monitoreadas, y se desconoce su efectividad. Para ello, se evaluó en el 2007 el estrato arbóreo de áreas restauradas y no restauradas del incendio suscitado en 1998 y se compararon con un ecosistema maduro de referencia. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en términos de diversidad-abundancia con base en el método de t de Hutcheson (P

Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics, therapeutic and in-hospital mortality of patients with mechanical complications post myocardial infarction., Materials and Methods: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study. We included patients >18 years old with a diagnosis of mechanical complication post myocardial infarction hospitalized at the Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular- INCOR in Lima -Peru, from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. Variables like clinical characteristics, treatments, complications, and in-hospital mortality were studied., Results: We found 37 cases, with a predominance of males (73.0%) and a median age of 73 years old. The location of the myocardial infarction was 51.4% in the anterior wall and 43.2% in the inferior wall. The patients received reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis in 5 cases (13.5%), coronary angioplasty in 5 (13.5%), and 73% received only medical management prior to the diagnosis of mechanical complications. Of the 37 patients, 13 (35.1%) presented isolated ventricular free wall rupture, 12 (32.4%) isolated interventricular septum rupture, 10 (27.0%) the combination of ventricular free wall rupture and interventricular septum, and 2 (5.4%) papillary muscle rupture. In-hospital mortality was 51.4%., Conclusions: The ventricular free wall rupture was the most frequent complication, patients with mechanical complications after myocardial infarction still maintain high intra-hospital mortality rates, mainly in those who did not have adequate surgical treatment., Competing Interests: Declaración de conflictos de interés: Ninguna

In Chile, the Immunization Department of the Ministry of Health has carried out the seasonal influenza vaccination campaign annually since 1982 in collaboration with the national health services, regional health offices, and primary health care centres. With the aim of preventing deaths and serious morbidity in high-risk groups and preserving the integrity of health services, the seasonal influenza campaign had been the largest implemented in Chile until 2020, since in 2021 the vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 is expected to become the largest ever implemented. In response to local demographic and epidemiological changes, and taking into account the new scientific evidence on the safety and immunogenicity of vaccines, the influenza vaccines available in Chile would increase annually as a result of campaign planning. In 2020, the influenza campaign had to be re-planned while in progress due to the addition of new high-risk groups to be vaccinated in accordance with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic health alert modification of March 6th, 2020. Over the course of three weeks, the Immunization Department managed to increase the doses of available influenza vaccines from 6,799,800 previously agreed upon to 8,480,325 and thus serve high-risk groups, guaranteeing their access to state funded influenza vaccination.

In order to describe the clinical features and complications of Takotsubo syndrome, a case series study was conducted with patients admitted with this pathology to the National Cardiovascular Institute-INCOR in Lima-Peru between January 2013 and December 2018. Twenty-six patients (26) were included, with an average age of 69 years and female predominance (96.2%); additionally, a trigger was identified in 23 cases (88.5%). In the electrocardiogram, 61.5% had ST segment elevation; and, in the evolution, 92.3% showed negative T waves and 38.5% a QTc interval >500 ms. In-hospital complications were cardiogenic shock (11.5%), atrial fibrillation (7.7%) and ventricular tachycardia (7.7%). In this series, Takotsubo syndrome predominated in postmenopausal women, usually triggered by a stressor, with a low complication rate and no in-hospital mortality.

Background: Atypical Steven-Johnson syndrome is a rare disease that can be caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae; it is characterized by respiratory symptoms, mucosal lesions of variable severity and constitutional symptoms, in the absence of cutaneous involvement., Case Report: We present the case of a 35-old-man who developed mucositis in the conjunctiva, oral cavity and genitalia after the onset of respiratory symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was confirmed, and treatment with antibiotic and steroids was therefore started, whereby clinical manifestations subsided., Conclusions: Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced atypical Steven-Johnson syndrome diagnosis can be challenging. The differential diagnosis of fever and oral, genital and conjunctival mucositis associated with respiratory symptoms should include infection with this bacteria in order to provide accurate and timely treatment.

Intravascular leiomyomatosis is a rare condition characterized by histologically benign smooth muscle cell growth within the uterine veins and inferior vena cava and, rarely, into the right chambers of the heart. A 39-year-old female with a history of hysterectomy for uterine leiomyoma was admitted for lower limb oedema and progressive dyspnea of 5 months' duration. Transthoracic echocardiography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a large mass extending through the inferior vena cava into the right chambers of the heart. As there was a suspicion of an intravenous thrombus, the patient underwent surgical resection. The histopathology of the resected mass led to a diagnosis of Intravascular leiomyomatosis with intracardiac extension., (Copyright © 2017 Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: Obstructive jaundice in patients with previous cholecystectomy requires a precise diagnosis. In the diagnostic algorithm, biliary ultrasound (BUS) and magnetic resonance cholangiogram (MRC) are used, although the accuracy of each method is unknown in our setting. No previous comparison of US and MRC in subjects with cholecystectomy has been made., Aim: To determine diagnostic accuracy of BUS and MRC in patients with recurrent biliary obstruction., Patients and Methods: Patients with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopacreatography (ERCP) demonstrating recurrent biliary obstruction by stones were included. All patients underwent BUS and MRC. We determined the diagnostic performance of each image study compared with ERCP., Results: Twenty-seven patients with a mean age of 62.9 +/- 17.3 years-old were included. Sensitivity and specificity of BUS were 0.12 and 0.58, respectively. Figures for MRC were 0.88 and 0.82. Diagnostic agreement between ERCP and MRC was k= 0.66 whereas BUS had a k of only 0.26., Discussion: MRC had good diagnostic performance for recurrent choledocolithiasis. BUS demonstrated lower accuracy compared with previous reports, so should not be considered in the initial approach of recurrent choledocus obstruction.

Background: Pre-diabetic Latino subjects have shown higher incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) compared with other populations. The incidence is unknown in the Mexican population. Our aim was to identify the annual incidence of DM2 among a Mexican pre-diabetic population., Methods: An inception cohort of healthy Mexican patients was followed from 2001 to 2006. Those who fulfilled diagnosis of DM2 (ADA criteria) were registered at one and 2 years of follow-up among pre-diabetic and normoglucemic individuals. We compared relevant variables between both groups, those who developed diabetes and those who did not., Results: 656 subjects were included; at one year, 14 patients were diagnosed with DM2, 11 among pre-diabetics, incidence of 4.5 %; 3 among normoglucemic subjects, incidence of 0.72 %. The relative risk for the development of DM2 in the pre-diabetic group was 7.7 (IC95 % 2.1-27.9), and among the normoglucemic group of 1.04 (IC95 % 1.02-1.08). At the 2nd year, DM2 incidence was 7.6 % in pre-diabetics, and 0.6 % in normoglucemics. Risk factors associated were higher fast glucose and greater BMI., Conclusions: We found a constant annual incidence of DM2 among prediabetics of 6 cases per 100 patient/year in follow-up. Higher fast glucose determinations and greater BMI are the main determinants for DM2 development.

Introduction: Microalbuminuria is a well known risk factor for renal damage and for cardiovascular disease in type-2 diabetic patients., Objective: To evaluate anthropometric, laboratory, and diet factors related to the presence of microalbuminuria in non-hypertensive type 2 diabetic subjects., Material and Methods: We carry-out an assessment of a group of non-hypertensive diabetic patients with or without microalbuminuria. Some anthropometric measures, physical fitness, tobacco and alcohol consumption, creatinine clearance, HbA1c, lipid profile, the mean fast serum glucose levels in last two years, 24 h urine protein, and caloric intake were all measured., Results: From 86 included patients, 19 had microalbuminuria; it was related with the length of diabetes mellitus duration (114 +/- 55 vs. 84 +/- 67 months; p = 0.03), higher HbA1c level (8.9 vs. 7.1%; p = 0.001), and lower HDL-cholesterol levels (37.7 +/- 11 vs. 42.9 +/- 12 mg/dL; p = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis HbA1c level, and mean fast glucose remained significant., Conclusions: In non-hypertensive diabetic subjects, poor glucose control, and longer disease duration were both related with microalbuminuria. Moreover, caloric intake, exercise, tobacco or alcohol consumption, or BMI did not show association with microalbuminuria.