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El nervio mediano desciende por el brazo y, en el codo, comienza a atravesar estructuras que pueden generar compresión, como el ligamento de Struthers, el lacertus fibrosus, el pronador redondo, el flexor superficial de los dedos. Finalmente, en la muñeca, se encuentra otro sitio de compresión producido por el ligamento transverso del carpo. Todas estas estructuras pueden provocar signos y síntomas de atrapamiento nervioso y favorecer el deterioro funcional del nervio. Nuestro objetivo es dar a conocer una actualización sobre estos sitios de atrapamiento del nervio mediano, y cómo realizar un diagnóstico preciso e indicar un tratamiento adecuado.

Guided wave testing is now a widely accepted method for detection of structural damage in many different types of components, from pipelines to pressure vessels to tanks. Torsional wave modes (T modes) in pipes and shear horizontal (SH) mode guided waves in plates are good candidates for finding areas with generalized corrosion, due to the absence of fluid coupling effects and their lack of dispersion. However, from our field test experience, certain types of defects are difficult to detect with conventional T mode or SH mode guided wave probes. Gradual wall thinning is one such type of defect; another is crack-like defects in or close to welds or penetrations in the pipe. Recently, Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has developed a new sensor configuration and scanning system that overcomes these limitations. We have recently developed a linear scanning magnetostrictive transducer (MsT) probe system, in which a FeCo strip wound with radio frequency (RF) coils is attached to the structure under test with shear wave couplant, and a moving permanent magnet driven by a motor is used to excite SH guided waves at predefined positions along this strip. The probe is designed to operate over a wide frequency range (20 – 500 kHz) and can be used to generate dispersive shear wave mode (SH1) in addition to the nondispersive SH0 mode. The use of different modes with the sensor at multiple positions allows detection of a range of defect types. In this paper, the performance of linear scanning MsTs is presented, including experimental evaluation of detection of gradual wall thinning patches of different depths and locations on a steel pipe and plate mockups. Another set of experiments evaluates detection of notches in seam welds. Indications from real-time B-scan and SAFT (synthetic aperture focusing technique) processing will be presented.

Las lesiones crónicas del complejo fibrocartílago triangular (CFCT) son una entidad que no ha sido descrita previamente como tal y no existe consenso en su manejo. La temporalidad de la lesión y su potencial de reparación son aspectos fundamentales a la hora de indicar un tratamiento. Proponemos un esquema de enfrentamiento a lesiones traumáticas crónicas del CFCT y describimos una técnica novedosa de reconstrucción con injerto de brachioradialis con asistencia artroscópica. Mostramos los resultados y el seguimiento de dos pacientes intervenidos con esta técnica.

Investigación

The frequency and quality of intergroup contact within racially and ethnically diverse schools has potentially important implications for the achievement of desegregation goals. The analyses presented here use survey data to assess intergroup contact within a sample of ten interdistrict magnet schools in Connecticut. Findings indicate frequent intergroup interactions within interdistrict magnet schools, but also that the perceived quality of intergroup relations differs across racial groups and both the frequency and quality of intergroup contact varies considerably across schools. Students who report higher quality intergroup relations in their school also tend to report more positive academic environments and more positive attitudes towards other groups. Together these findings indicate that attention must be paid to intergroup relations within diverse schools if the goals of integrated schooling are to be realized.

RESUMEN:La práctica de agitación y propaganda se sitúa en el contexto de una historia rica y variada. Las relaciones entre las artes y la transformación revolucionaria de la sociedad son evidentes durante las revoluciones francesa y soviética. La transmisión de estas prácticas a España pasó por las visitas a Rusia de intelectuales, escritores y activistas y fue propiciada por el creciente recurso a estas técnicas durante los años treinta no sólo en la Unión Soviética sino también en Alemania e Italia para lograr la adhesión de los ciudadanos. Al empezar la guerra civil, ya existía una gran variedad de grupos y actividades en España y el trabajo para motivar la población y establecer una identidad popular tuvo considerables repercusiones. Sin embargo, fuera del contexto de momentos de gran exaltación, tales como el sitio de Madrid, la repetición machacona de la propaganda podía resultar pretenciosa y hasta contraproducente. Pronto surgió un conflicto de orden político. Consecuencia de la mayor experiencia de los comunistas en este asunto, se asoció el agit-prop con ellos, despertando así tensiones con otros partidarios del Frente Popular, sobre todo los libertarios. ABSTRACT: The development of agit-prop techniques is to be placed in the context of a long and varied history. The relationship between the arts and the revolutionary transformation of society is evident during the French and Russian revolutions. The spread of agit-prop techniques to Spain came about as the result of the visits to Russia of intellectuals, writers and political activists and it was aided by the growing development of these techniques during the thirties, not only in Russia but also in Germany and Italy in order to win the support of the population. When the civil war broke out there were a large number of groups active in Spain and their efforts to motivate the followers of the Republic and engender a sense of popular identity had considerable repercussions. Nevertheless, outside the context of moments of great popular exaltation such as the seige of Madrid, the monotonous repetition of propaganda could appear pretentious and even counterproductive. Fairly soon a political conflict was to arise. As a consequence of their greater experience, agit-prop was specifically associated with the communists, thereby awakening the hostility of other components of the Popular Front, notably the libertarians.

Se reseñó el libro: Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera y sus cuentos. De la crónica periodística al relato de ficción.

The effects of a full (4 X 4) block scheduling program and an alternate day (AB) block scheduling program in a junior high school were under investigation in this study through the use of an ex post facto, matched sampling design. Measures investigated were standardized achievement tests in science and language arts. Both forms of block scheduling had been in place for several years, and one teacher in science and one teacher in language arts had taught students under both forms of scheduling. Because the sampling designs and analyses were different for the science and the language arts areas, two studies are reported here—each examining the effects of 4 x 4, AB, and traditional scheduling with attribute variables of gender and student skill levels in each analysis. Results consistently show students in both forms of block scheduling outperforming students in traditional scheduling, and that AB block scheduling has the largest positive impact on low-achieving students.

Teachers from charter and traditional schools in Colorado were queried about their perceptions of their level of empowerment, school climate, and working conditions. Using a cluster sampling design, approximately 100 teachers from 16 charter schools and 100 teachers from seven traditional schools were surveyed by combining several well-established instruments to measure empowerment, school climate, and working conditions. Factor analyses yielded three composite variables each for the three constructs. One-way analyses of variance were used to explore these teachers' differences in perceptions. Results yielded consistent and practically significant differences in these charter and traditional school perceptions of empowerment, school climate, and working conditions. Not all of these differences, however, were consistent with expectations given the educational and legislative contexts driving Colorado's charter school movement. Implications and recommendations for future research are given.

The effects of a 4 X 4 block scheduling program in a middle school on a variety of student measures were investigated. These measures included standardized achievement tests in mathematics, reading, and writing, cumulative and semester grades in middle school and high school, attendance rates, and enrollment rates in advanced high school courses (in mathematics only). The block scheduling program had been in effect for four years allowing analyses of current middle and high school students who had experienced a minimum of one and one-half years of block scheduling while in middle school. The primary research design was a post-test only, matched pairs design. Students were matched on school characteristics, gender, ethnicity, grade level, and 5th grade standardized reading scores. Results were relatively consistent with the extant literature and generally positive.

Among the criticisms of charter schools is their potential to further stratify schools along ethnic and class lines. This study addressed whether Arizona charter schools are more ethnically segregated than traditional public schools. In 1996-97, Arizona had nearly one in four of all charter schools in the United States. The analysis involved a series of comparisons between the ethnic compositions of adjacent charter and public schools in Arizona's most populated region and its rural towns. This methodology differed from the approach of many evaluations of charter schools and ethnic stratification in that it incorporated the use of geographic maps to compare schools' ethnic make-ups. The ethnic compositions of 55 urban and 57 rural charter schools were inspected relative to their traditional public school neighbors.