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Objective: To evaluate the association between first-degree family history and colorectal cancer (CRC)., Method: We analyzed data from 2857 controls and 1360 CRC cases, collected in the MCC-Spain project. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of association with the family history of CRC was estimated by non-conditional logistic regression., Results: First-degree relatives doubled the risk of CRC (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.80-2.66), increasing in those with two or more (OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 2.29-7.78) and in those whose relatives were diagnosed before 50 years (OR: 3.24; 95% CI: 1.52-6.91). Regarding the association of the family history with the location, no significant differences were observed between colon and rectum, but there were in the relation of these with the age of diagnosis, having more relatives those diagnosed before 50 years (OR: 4.79; 95% CI: 2.65-8.65)., Conclusions: First-degree relatives of CRC increase the chances of developing this tumor, they also increase when the relative is diagnosed at an early age. Therefore, it must be a target population on which to carry out prevention measures., (Copyright © 2021 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Lower social classes tend to eat a less healthy diet. The aim of this study was to compare adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among different demographic and social groups in the adult population., Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in southern and northern regions of Spain in healthy volunteers (15,634 men and 25,812 women), aged 29-69 years, who were members of the European Prospective Investigation on Cancer cohort in Spain. Nine groups of food were included in the definition of the Mediterranean diet: vegetables and garden products, fruits, pulses, cereals, red meat, fish, olive oil, milk and milk products, and wine. Two techniques were used in the analysis: comparison of the mean daily intake of each group and calculation of an overall score for all the foods according to educational level and original social class., Results: Groups with the lowest educational levels consumed more cereals and pulses and lower quantities of vegetables, olive oil (women), milk and milk products (men). Wine consumption was positively associated with education in women and was negatively associated in men. Calculation of a score to measure overall adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern eliminated differences according to each food category. No variations were found according to educational level, but small differences were found in original social class. The adherence score was lowest in young adults and women and was slightly higher in the south than in the north of Spain., Conclusions: The results suggest that the Mediterranean dietary pattern is fairly uniform, at least in the adult population of the regions included in this study.

Objective: Epidemiological studies and interventions to reduce inequalities in community health require the assignation of exhaustive and easy-to-obtain social indicators. Occupation and education are two of the most often used. In this study we attempt to evaluate the association between education and occupation among adult working population because if, in the absence of one of these two variables, it will be feasible to use the remaining with the lesser lost of socio-economic information., Design: From a representative sample (n = 3091) of general population (18-65 years old) drawn out from a prevalence survey on chronic disease risk factors performed in the Region of Murcia, a log-lineal analysis has been made between education and occupation among working people (65.8% of males and 34.2% of females from the original sample)., Results: Men present significant association between managerial positions and university education. The association drops between clerks and high school graduates to increase among all manual workers with or without primary schooling education. Among women--with a lesser number of participants--the education/occupation association describes the same pattern but with higher magnitudes in the positive associations between managerial positions and university education. For both genders, the greatest associations are found in both diagonals of the education by occupation tables indicating: better occupation, more education, and the opposite., Conclusions: The classification of working people according to education and occupation presents association, internal consistency and gradient. In absence of comprehensive information regarding occupation, education could be an alternative as socio-economic indicator.

Background: To evaluate lifestyle and dietary intake factors influencing the accumulation of abdominal fat in a Mediterranean population., Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried-out in Spain (Asturias, Granada, Murcia, Navarra and Guipuzkoa) among 23,228 women and 14,332 men aged 29-69 years, participants of a large European prospective cohort (EPIC). Information on usual food intake and other non-dietary factors were collected by interviews. Height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were taken by previously trained interviewers., Results: In a multiple-linear regression analysis sports activities and educational level were negatively associated with abdominal obesity, while body mass index, age, tobacco and alcohol consumption, saturated fat intake and increased prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and myocardial infarction were positively associated. All dietary and non-dietary variables accounted for 22 and 27% of variance in the waist/hip ratio and 74 and 66% of variance in the waist circumference, in women and men respectively., Conclusions: Body mass index and age are the most important factors influencing the accumulation of abdominal fat. Dietary factors and other lifestyle factors seem to play a minor role in increasing abdominal obesity.