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Biodiversitat i estructura de la comunitat íctica litoral del substrat rocós del Parc Natural de serra Gelada (sud-oest del mar Mediterrani) Aquest estudi analitza la comunitat íctica litoral sobre substrat rocós del Parc Natural de serra Gelada (Alacant) i s’aporten dades de base que permetran avaluar a llarg termini els canvis deguts a diverses mesures de gestió. Es van fer censos visuals en transsectes lineals sobre fons rocosos entre 1 i 32 m de profunditat. A les set localitats estudiades es van comptar 44 espècies. El nombre d’espècies, l’abundància, la biomassa i l’estructura de talles van ser similars entre les zones amb alta i baixa protecció. La composició d’espècies observada va ser similar a les d’altres àrees marines protegides del Mediterrani occidental. Les diferències entre localitats podrien ser causades per l’alta heterogeneïtat i complexitat de l’hàbitat a petita escala.

La gota es una enfermedad inflamatoria inducida por depósito de cristales de urato monosódico en el líquido sinovial y otros tejidos. En pacientes con sospecha de gota, el diagnóstico se debe confirmar examinando el líquido sinovial o el aspirado de tofo para cristales de urato monosódico. La gestión debe adaptarse a la etapa de la enfermedad y las enfermedades coexistentes, siendo el objetivo de esta revisión es presentar nuevas perspectivas y alternativas terapéuticas en esta entidad.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la Escala de Valoración de la Carga del entrenamiento Técnico-Táctico (Coque, 2009) y su relación con parámetros de carga interna. En la actualidad, se plantea un modelo de planificación que se caracteriza por la preocupación de mejorar la interpretación que el sujeto hace de lo que sucede a su alrededor durante la competición (Martín Acero, Seirul-lo Vargas, Lago Peñas, y Novoa Lalín, 2013), para así modificar la respuesta y a su vez, el esquema motriz. El estudio contó con las jugadoras del equipo de Liga Femenina del Club Baloncesto Conquero, compuesto por 12 jugadoras, con edades comprendidas entre 17 y 33 años (M = 21.91; SD = 4.81). Los datos fueron recogidos durante los dos últimos meses de competición que se corresponden con los meses de febrero y marzo de 2016. Para obtener los datos necesarios se utilizaron la escala de valoración subjetiva de la carga de entrenamiento Técnico-Táctico (Coque, 2009), la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo (Borg, 1970; 1998; Borg & Kaijser,2006) y la calidad de la recuperación (Kentta & Hassmen, 1998). Los resultados mostraron que sólo la densidad del entrenamiento es el único marcador que podría explicar, de forma importante (91.4%), el esfuerzo percibido de las jugadoras. Según los datos obtenidos la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo podría ser utilizada para la monitorización del entrenamiento en cuanto a la complejidad técnico-táctica del mismo.

En el presente trabajo, se analizan los resultados obtenidos de la implementación de una secuencia de enseñanzaaprendizaje (SEA), “Investigando Dragones”, sobre conceptos epistemológicos (hipótesis-ley-teoría) en un grupo de estudiantes de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO). La evaluación de los resultados se ha realizado a través del análisis de las respuestas dadas a algunas preguntas del Cuestionario de Opiniones de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (COCTS) referidas a esos conceptos, las anotaciones del diario del profesorado y las entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a algunos estudiantes tras la finalización de la actividad. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto la existencia de ideas inadecuadas sobre los conceptos tratados y su persistencia en algunos casos, pese a su enseñanza explícita y reflexiva.

Introducción: La Artritis Reumatoide (AR) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica caracterizada por producir compromiso poliarticular y gran discapacidad en el paciente. En promedio un paciente con AR presenta aproximadamente 1.6 comorbilidades, siendo mayor a medida que aumenta la edad. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo de selección de pacientes con diagnóstico establecido de artritis reumatoide, que además acudían a consultorios públicos o privados de reumatología en la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador. La selección se llevó a cabo mediante criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: Se analizaron 400 pacientes con diagnóstico establecido de AR, más del 50% de los participantes demostró tener alguna comorbilidad, las más frecuentes fueron: dislipidemias (55%), enfermedad gástrica (28%), hipertensión arterial (24%), obesidad y depresión (20%), seguidas de enfermedad tiroidea (15%), alergias (11%), hipertransaminasemia (10%), anemia (9%) y diabetes mellitus (7%). Conclusión: Los pacientes con AR tienen múltiples comorbilidades. Este es el primer estudio descriptivo de comorbilidades en sujetos con artritis reumatoide en Ecuador.

Introduction and Objectives: Pial arteriovenous fistulas are infrequent vascular malformations. They are generally congenital and their natural history is ominous. The objective of this work is to describe our experience in their endovascular management and to review the existing literature., Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study of patients treated by endovascular approach during 3 years at 3 Latin-American hospitals., Results: The study included 6 patients with a mean age of 22 years. One case was caused by cranial trauma. In total, 50% suffered intracranial haemorrhage and 66% developed symptoms attributable to volume effect or retrograde blood flow. Intracranial varices were identified by CT and MRI scans in 83% of cases. Digital subtraction angiography showed arteriovenous fistulas from anterior circulation in 67% of cases and deep venous drainage in 50%. One endovascular procedure was performed in 5 cases (83%), while 2 procedures were required in one case. A single embolic agent was used to occlude fistulas in 67% of cases; whilst 33% required a combination. Coils were used in 4 cases (67%) and onyx was injected in another 4 (67%). One case required stent and balloon deployment. The fistulas were uneventfully occluded in all cases. The follow-up period was one year in 5 cases and 6 months in one case. All patients remained symptom-free., Conclusions: Endovascular management can be considered as the treatment of choice. It consists in the embolisation of arterial pedicles with one or more embolic agents and should be performed as close as possible to the drainage vein, avoiding migration of the embolic agent towards the venous side., (Copyright © 2011 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía. Published by Elsevier España. All rights reserved.)

Human hydatidosis in Chile is described using as a source of information the Disease Notification Systems and hospital discharges between 2001 and 2005. To assess the extent of human infection we calculated incidence rates and hospital discharges during this period by geographical region. Incidence rate for the period was 2.2 per 100,000 inhabitants with higher rates in the regions of Coquimbo, La Araucania and Magallanes. The hospital discharge rate for the period was 6 per 100.000 inhabitants, being the most affected regions: La Araucania, Aysén and Magallanes. 58.8% of cases reported are from Echinococcus granulosus, while 43.6% were registered as unspecified echinococcosis. The notification system provides a real estimate of the magnitude of this disease, reporting cases with diagnostic confirmation. The rates obtained from the discharge system overestimate the magnitude of this disease. The improvement of the notification system and seroprevalence studies are recommended.

Contemporary research on interpersonal influence has shown that individuals scoring high in Need for Cognition (NC) are able to generate a large number of arguments in order to convince other people. However, research has also shown that such an effort does not necessarily lead them to be more persuasive or more efficient in their group performance. The present research analysed this state of affairs, replicating and extending previous research by showing that appropriate training in socio-emotional group dimensions can increase group performance for individuals high in NC. Potential underlying mechanisms for such an effect are discussed.

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. In order to specify the contents of this positive state, the Complete State Model of Health (CSMH) considers mental health as a series of symptoms of hedonia and positive functioning, operationalized by measures of subjective, psychological, and social well-being. This model has empirically confirmed two new axioms: (a) rather than forming a single bipolar dimension, health and illness are correlated unipolar dimensions, and (b) the presence of mental health implies positive personal and social functioning. In the present article, we have taken the CSMH as the theoretical framework for the study of depression. Confirmatory factor analyses did not support the first axiom. In fact, the model that posits that measures of mental illness and health form a single bipolar dimension provided the best fit to the data.

The aim of this paper is to adapt to Spanish the D. van Direndonck version of Carol Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales, and to analyse its consistency and factorial validity. All the scales exhibited good internal reliabilities, with Cronbach alpha's ranging from 0.83 (Self-acceptance) to 0.68 (Personal growth). However, confirmatory factor analyses didn't corroborate the six-factor model (Self-acceptance, Positive relations, Autonomy, Environmental mastery, Purpose in life, and Personal growth) with a second order factor called Psychological Well-Being . To improve the psychometric properties, a new reduced version was proposed that indeed will facilitate the application. The scales of the new version maintain and raise its internal consistency (Cronbach alpha's 0.84 to 0.70). Furthermore, the scales shown an excellent fit to the theoretical model proposed by D. van Dierendonck.

Introduction: Cerebral angiography (CA) is considered as the gold standard in diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms; nevertheless, the magnetic resonance angiography (MR-angiography) is wide spread used in detection of unruptured aneurysm. For this reason, several authors had proposed that MR-angiography could replace CA in the diagnosis of ruptured aneurysms., Aims: To asses the efficacy of MR-angiography in diagnosis of ruptured intracranial aneurysms, and in addition to determine the safeness of its surgical management with MR-angiography alone., Patients and Methods: We studied prospectively 52 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage admitted at Teodoro Maldonado Carbo and Alcívar Guayaquil hospitals of Guayaquil, Ecuador, in a 5 years period. We compared the results of MR-angiography with CA and surgical findings in the diagnosis and categorization of intracranial aneurysms., Results: We made diagnosis of 100% of 54 aneurysms with MR-angiography, while 98% with CA. The surgical findings were similar to the characteristics showed by MR-angiography., Conclusions: MR-angiography is an excellent no invasive method in the diagnosis of ruptured intracranial aneurysms, and could replace CA in selected cases.

Introduction: Many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) develop tremors that may involve one or both lower and/or upper extremities, head and/or voice. In the last few years, chronic high frequency deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermedious (Vim) thalamic nucleus (Vim-DBS, deep brain stimulation) seems to be gradually replacing Vim-thalamotomy in surgical treatment of tremor. The thalamotomy is a destructive procedure of the whole neural components, whereas Vim-DBS has shown to be a selective neurophysiological procedure to block a specific group of neural components, in particular large, fast and low threshold ones. MS is a disease of uncertain etiology characterized by demyelinating plaques in central nervous system. The neurophysiological intraoperative targeting applied to this pathology identifies demyelinated plaques and the functional state of Vim, reduces pitfalls and increases accuracy. Methods included spontaneous and induced multiunit activity recording, semimicroelectrode and tetraelectrode thalamic evoked potentials recording and micro/macro stimulation techniques.

We evaluated a commercial method for studying the in vitro susceptibility to sertaconazole based on its diffusion in agar with standardized tablets, with the aim of determining its correlation with the method of microdilution in Shadomy modified liquid medium (YNBg). A total of 110 Candida genus strains (50 C. albicans, 26 C. tropicalis, 15 C. glabrata, 8 C. parapsilosis, 8 C. krusei, 2 C. guilliermondii and 1 C. kefyr) from pathological clinical processes were used. The results of both techniques showed a statistically significant correlation that depended on the type of reading used in the liquid medium microdilution technique, with results being -0. 4199 with IC50; -5135 with IC90: -0.6634 with MIC24 h; and -0.4945 with MIC48 h. These values demonstrate the existence of a correlation for sertaconazole, and that it is bigger when it is compared with the logarithm of the MIC obtained after 24 hours of incubation.