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I engage with two recent articles published in the Journal of Political Ecology, both of which critique political ecology engagements with ontological and epistemological complexities. These complexities might be distilled into the idea that how 'the world' is socially known also shapes how the world is known to be. I explore three key issues worked through in these papers, partly with reference to work of mine, namely: 1) conservation struggles around biodiversity offsetting; 2) debates regarding plural and relational ontologies, particularly representations of 'flatness' and 'depth' in ontological considerations; and 3) critical realism, specifically distinctions between perspectives on transitive and intransitive dimensions in qualifying understandings of reality. I highlight a pernicious problem of dismissive approaches towards analysts trying to ask difficult and subtle questions about 'onto-epistemology.' This situation seems surprising given the effort in political ecology towards recognising and respecting plural knowledges, particularly knowledges often overridden by discourses emboldened by structures of power. My overall aim is towards clarity in ongoing political ecology debate on these issues, alongside the pursuit of respectful praxis in this burgeoning area of engagement.

The Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer (GICC) aims to increase the cure rate for children with cancer globally by improving healthcare access and quality. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital (St. Jude), and collaborators have joined efforts to improve outcomes of children with cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) using the CureAll framework. In this article, we describe the process of developing regional resources aimed at accelerating the GICC implementation in LAC. In March 2021, PAHO formed regional working groups to develop core projects aligned with CureAll pillars and enablers. Seven working groups emerged from regional dialogues: early detection, nursing, psychosocial, nutrition, supportive care, treatment abandonment, and palliative care. PAHO arranged regular online meetings under the mentorship and support of St. Jude regional/transversal programs and international mentors. Between April and December 2021, 202 multidisciplinary experts attended 43 online meetings to promote the dialogue between stakeholders to improve childhood cancer outcomes. Fourteen technical outputs were produced: four regional snapshots, four technical documents, two virtual courses, one set of epidemiological country profiles, one educational content series for parents/caregivers, and two communication campaigns. The ongoing dialogue and commitment of PAHO, St. Jude, LAC working committees, and international collaborators are essential foundations to successfully accelerate GICC implementation. This is achievable through the development of materials of regional and global relevance. Further research and evaluation are needed to determine the impact of these strategies and resources on childhood cancer outcomes in LAC and other regions.

The purpose of this article is to offer a retrieval of some major themes in the writings of Ro­mano Guardini and Ivan Illich, two twentieth century Catholic priests who responded to secularization in ways that could be described as both pastoral and prophetic. Guardini tended towards a more pas­toral emphasis, while Illich’s stance was more prophetic. Guardini exemplified a Catholic way to bridge the gap often experienced between faith, life and culture. Illich demonstrated how a Catholic can ad­dress their culture in a way that is both challenging and fertile and does so in penetrating observations about contemporary secular professions and preoccupations. The article has three parts. In part one, I sketch a range of responses to Christianity that have emerged in an increasingly secular culture, as well as the types of response that Christians have made to such a culture. In parts two and three a repre­sentative sample of the writings of Guardini and Illich is drawn on and analysed, together with a range of secondary literature on Guardini and Illich, in order to explain the nature and the role of four key themes (in each case) within their overall outlook. For Guardini, in part two, these are Catholic worldview, lit­urgy, providence and cultural critique. For Illich, in part three, I examine his notion of the mission of the Church, his treatment of schooling, his understanding that modernity is a perversion of Christianity, and his advocacy of friendship as a healing and liberating mode of engaging the world

The objectives of this qualitative needs assessment were to assess perceived needs of health and social services professionals in the Caribbean Region to enhance services supporting healthy aging and care of older adults and to assess perceived facilitators and barriers to increasing capacity to serve their aging populations. The assessment, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science, was conducted in 14 islands in the eastern and southern Caribbean. The results demonstrated need for education of professionals and the general population about the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), assessment and services for individuals with dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and harmful alcohol use, all of which pose significant challenges for older adults. Education of health and social services professionals, families, and the public on the risk factors for NCDs and common mental and physical health problems is critical. Barriers to implementation of educational programs include lack of community awareness and resources within the islands. The needs assessment findings are foundational to planning educational interventions. These will be developed by local health providers with the collaboration and support of external resources including those of the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization Collaborating Centre in Gerontological Nursing Education.

The aim of this article is to read four works from the recent Chilean literary field as a series of reflections on print culture. These novels start from the premise that print has been profoundly affected by the digital revolution. In the first part of the article, I develop a theoretical model to understand the effect of digital on print based on the concepts of remediation, materiality, and practices of print culture. I propose that the digital revolution produced a liberation and tension in the printed culture that the four novels I study reflect, and they do so from the questioning of the functions that print has historically had. Facsímil (2014), El sistema del tacto (2018), Scout and Leñador, are novels aware of their status as a physical object, and therefore use their materiality to reflect, intervene and comment on the role printed book plays in the contemporary world. The article seeks to show that printed culture in Chile is in a moment of paradigmatic change and that literature is an exceptional starting point to understand it.

In the post-Cold War neoliberal moment of the mid-1990s, Safari Club International's (SCI) nascent but now defunct 'African Chapter' published a Strategic Plan for Africa. Its aim was to secure the "greatest hunting grounds in the world" for access by SCI's hunting membership, the core of which is based in the United States. In advocating private sector-led trophy hunting under the umbrella of the SCI "market place", the plan supported an archetypal mode of 'green extractivism': killing indigenous African mammals and exporting body parts as hunting trophies was justified as 'green' by claiming this elite and arguably 'neocolonial' extraction of animals is essential for wildlife conservation. Already in 1996 SCI deflected scrutiny of this form of 'green extractivism' through promoting a view that any critique of this putative 'green hunting' should itself be dismissed as 'neocolonial.' This discursive twist remains evident in a moment in which trophy hunting is receiving renewed attention as countries such as the UK attempt to write trophy import bans into legislation. I engage with these politicized claims and counter-claims to foreground the lack of neutrality permeating trophy hunting discourse. I work with recent political ecology engagements with 'post-truth politics' to unpack SCI-supported advocacy for using accusations of 'neocolonialism' to counter critique of the neocolonial dimensions of trophy-hunting; showing how elite and greened extractivism through recreational access to land and African fauna is thereby consolidated. I draw on case material from Namibia – a country exhibiting stark inequalities of land and income distribution alongside a thriving trophy hunting industry – to explore how extracted 'green value' from 'conservation hunting' may shore up, rather than refract, neocolonial inequalities.

Abstract How do governments distribute resources across economic sectors during a crisis? And why do some sectors receive more than others? The recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgency of these questions. In this paper, we explore the extent to which a political economy perspective can help explain the characteristics of sector-specific state aid in the Netherlands, a traditionally corporatist country. While KLM, the biggest player in the Dutch aviation sector, was promised loans worth €3.4 billion, the horeca (hospitality) sector was denied a similar deal. Limited cross-case analysis eliminates purely economic accounts. We employed process-tracing and analyzed hundreds of national media articles to understand the influence of elected leaders, interest groups, and experts. We find that, against the backdrop of economic concerns, vote-seeking behavior by elected leaders as well as the strength and organization of interest groups influenced how much each sector could expect. Meanwhile, policy-seeking behavior helps explain the form that aid took. Our findings highlight the need to consider fiscal support in political economy terms, even during crises, and to explore the composition of state aid, not just its presence or amount.

Residents, farmers, and businesses in southwestern Georgia and northern and central Florida depend on the groundwater from the Floridan Aquifer. The availability of this clean water is important for natural ecosystems, agriculture, the economy, tourists, and the people who call Florida and Georgia home. This factsheet will provide an overview of the Floridan Aquifer and how water from the Floridan Aquifer cycles through natural and human systems.

The purpose of this publication is to provide a 4-H project book that discusses honey bees and their importance to our nation’s agriculture. The intent is to introduce the world of honey bees to youth ages 8 to 12, with or without any previous beekeeping background or knowledge. This book consists of six sections that familiarize youth with the honey bee’s basic anatomy and life cycle, the three members of the honey bee colony, their roles and responsibilities, and colony communication. Each section has been designed to give youth a brief introduction to a topic and offers activities building on that topic. Written by Megan Hammond, Amy T. Vu, Mary Bammer, Emily Helton, Karen Henry, Jessica Sullivan, and James D. Ellis; 56 pp. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/4h419

Namibia's internationally acclaimed CBNRM program depends to a large extent on revenues generated from the trophy hunting of wild animals. The model is an important example of an increasingly 'neoliberal' global policy framework as applied to biodiversity conservation, its market-based approach and attendant socio-ecological effects having received in-depth engagement and critique from a political ecology perspective.Yet there remains a lack of detailed research concerning how these programs and their value frames are operationalized in practice. The article attempts to advance this literature through an empirical exploration of practices undertaken by diverse actors that work to produce and extract value from 'wild' natures, specifically elephants for 'conservation hunting' in Namibian communal-area conservancies. Conceptually, the article also contributes to an emerging body of work seeking to 'ecologise' political ecology, exploring the co-optation of lively elephants and other beyond-human entities in the production of economic value. 'Following' the elephant's interactions with other living entities, the article reveals the (non)human work and social practices that together 'labor' to produce commodified elephants that can be killed as trophies. We argue that 'undesirable encounters' such as crop raiding by elephants are both indicative of unequal power relations amongst CBNRM stakeholders and central to (re)producing dominant (neoliberal) value frames. The animal's spontaneous activities are co-opted into technocratic governance practices that legitimize the killing of elephants on environmental and economic grounds. In opening up the contested,contingent, and more-than-human nature of these social-ecological relations we also hope to contribute to possibilities for imagining more equitable and ecologically resilient conservation futures.

La enseñanza moral católica afirma que es necesario el consentimiento de los pacientes para autorizar las intervenciones sanitariasque les afectan, pero no especifica las condiciones para obtener dicho consentimiento o evaluar la capacidad de decisión. Aquí se presentan los artículos recogidos en este número que los autores han desarrollado a partir de las presentaciones que hicieron durante un coloquio reciente de la Asociación Internacional de Bioética Católica (IACB) celebrado en Quebec, Canadá. Contribuyen a promover el pensamiento ético sobre la capacidad de toma dedecisiones y el consentimiento. De diversas formas, piden que se respete la dignidad de todos los pacientes y que se promueva su participación tanto como sea posible en la toma de decisiones sobre su salud. Consideran que la toma de decisiones es relacional y abarca una variedad de capacidades. Examinan el papel de los miembros de la familia y de otros partidarios de la toma de decisiones en la promoción de las capacidades de los pacientes, cuya condición de salud mental o discapacidad les impide a menudo cumplir con los estándares clínicos y legales típicos para la capacidad de toma de decisiones.

A partir de observações realizadas em aulas de português a imigrantes, percebeu-se a identificação de gênero dos substantivos na língua portuguesa como um dificultador na aprendizagem da língua. Em função das dúvidas que emergiram durante as aulas aos imigrantes, surgiu a questão norteadora a partir da qual se desenvolveu este trabalho: em se tratando de substantivos morfologicamente femininos, por que não há percepção de inclusão do gênero masculino? Assumiu-se como hipótese que essa dificuldade provavelmente está ligada às associações que os imigrantes fazem entre o português e sua segunda língua, o francês. A fim de verificar essa hipótese, foram desenvolvidas testagens para compreender a dificuldade de diferenciação de gêneros na aquisição do português como língua adicional. A aplicação dos testes estruturou-se da seguinte maneira: primeiramente participantes voluntários, 4 (quatro) aprendizes de português, tiveram de identificar o gênero de palavras desconectadas semanticamente, depois em um contexto de uso simulado e, por fim, através do processamento online, em que os alunos foram questionados oralmente sobre o porquê de suas escolhas nas questões textuais. A partir da análise dos achados, é possível verificar que o conhecimento de outras línguas, principalmente do francês, neste caso, influencia muito no aprendizado de uma língua adicional.

O presente artigo estuda o problema proposto no âmbito da Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade nº 4439, de autoria da Procuradoria Geral da República. Versa a demanda a respeito do polêmico acordo entre o Estado brasileiro e a Santa Sé, que consiste na expressão categórica pela via do Decreto Legislativo que o ensino religioso católico constitui disciplina regular de matrícula facultativa no ensino fundamental das escolas públicas. O parquet argumenta que tal situação vai de encontro ao ditame constitucional da laicidade estatal e aponta descompasso frente a configuração plural do direito à educação constitucionalmente delineada. Após considerações doutrinárias, foi possível concluir que a laicidade aparece como limite à interferência estatal no âmbito da intimidade-autonomia da pessoa, daí a necessidade de um ensino religioso não-confessional. Na ausência de um plano pedagógico que comporte um ensino plural, não há o que falar na possibilidade de oferta da disciplina.

Abstract Contemporary market-based (i.e. neoliberal) 'green economy' approaches to environmental degradation emphasise exchanges whereby quantified units of environmental harm are traded or 'offset' for compensating units of environmental health. Also encouraged is a view that economic growth can be 'greened' through 'decoupling' economic value from material ecological realities. Such approaches tend to frame biophysical natures in terms of aggregates, such as an 'aggregate natural capital rule' and 'net zero carbon.' Naturesbeyond-the-human are thereby understood and enacted as calculable, exchangeable, substitutable and commensurable between different spatial and temporal sites, making up an 'aggregate' or 'net' value overall. This article uses a comparative cross-cultural engagement to problematize ontological assumptions regarding the nature of nature underscoring the rationality of these aggregating and offsetting 'solutions.' Drawing on literatures from environmental anthropology and environmental ethics, combined with ethnographic material from long-term field research in north-west Namibia, the article considers elements of alternative cultural ontologies and the ways these may give rise to a different array of practices with value for conceiving and generating 'sustainability.' It adheres to a critical political ecology perspective in understanding the ways that power structures the ontologies that become both privileged and occluded in neoliberal strategies for green economy governance. In doing so, the article argues that sensitivity to the ontological politics through which spaces and entities are defined and known and which thereby shape environmental conflicts, may be key to recognising with more depth the sometimes significantly different 'natures' being struggled over in such conflicts. Key words: ontology; green economy; offsetting; decoupling; sustainability; value; natures-beyond-thehuman; neoliberalism; political ecology

This article reflects on the epistemological principles underlying Morin’s complex thought in their relation with the formative and pedagogical processes in Chilean classrooms. The paper theme aims to relate the direct connection between the fundamental notions of the concept of complexity and the evaluation of certain active methodological principles enhancing the reflexivity and the students’ experience. The three basal and pedagogical assumptions of such connection are based on relations of dialog with the contextual diversity in the recursivity of the experience and in the hologramatic principle of knowledge. The purpose of the text is based on the presentation of critical arguments that allow tensioning the traditional ways of teaching and learning within the educational spaces. Conceptually, the notion of complexity allows the discussion with the educational tradition and with elements of change for a practical reflexivity on formative processes. These processes carry and imply new cognitive landscapes about teaching. The learning experience, the creative autonomy and the current context will be key foundations for future systemic transformations. Finally, a set of recommendations are proposed to implement active methodological actions that could be used in the various educational spaces in Chile.

Conservation land trusts, more commonly called land trusts, are private 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations that protect land important to your community for its natural, cultural, and recreational value. These publicly supported organizations also sustain healthier and more resilient economic development in your community and throughout the state. This 5-page fact sheet written by Benjamin W. North, Elizabeth Frances Pienaar, and Jessica D. Sullivan and published by the UF/IFAS Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Department outlines the basic steps to creating a land trust and provides links to the necessary documents and resources that will assist you in creating a land trust. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw448

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Saraz method in order to quantify ammonia emissions generated in opened or hybrid animal production facilities, and to determine an equation for the adjustment method. To do this, we developed beacon equipment, with input and output gas sectors, hoods and absorbent porous material. After the collection, the amount of ammonia captured in the environment was determined in the laboratory. Different ammonia concentrations were evaluated in addition to the different speeds of the exhaust air. Considering the results, it can be concluded that for the situations analyzed the Saraz method is efficient, but as with other methods, with an increase of air velocity and concentration, its efficiency decreases. An equation for the adjustment of the Saraz method was generated to determine the concentration and the rate of ammonia emissions inside animal facilities.

The Brazilian HIV/AIDS epidemic is concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM), however HIV testing rates among MSM are not commensurate with their risk. Strategies to expand early diagnosis may include use of self-conducted home-based testing kits, which are now available for purchase in the US. In April 2011 we conducted a survey with Brazilian MSM using Facebook to assess HIV testing preferences and acceptability of home-based testing. Among 356 previously tested, HIV-negative MSM, 47% reported a preference for home-based testing, 27% preferred clinic-based testing, and 26% had no preference. Less frequent testers and those who had considered testing but failed to test were more likely to prefer home-based testing. Close to 90% reported that they would use self-test kits; 62% and 54% said they would use home-based testing to make choices about unprotected sex with regular and new partners, respectively. Concerns included difficulty to understand the tests (32%) and receiving results alone (23%). Overall, home-based testing may appeal to MSM and result in increased testing frequency. Research on feasibility and utilization of self-tests in practice is needed.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue avalar y validar un simple y preciso método definido “método Saraz para determinar emisio nes de amoniaco” (SMDAE), basado en un método de difusión de masa, para determin ar el flujo de amoniaco debido a la convección de la masa (NA”) generada en la cama aviaria. Se encontró que el flujo de amoniaco puede ser obtenido por el método difusivo SMDAE. El método SMDAE pres entó una eficiencia en la recuperación del amoniaco volatilizado de 77 ± 4% y puede ser usado con concentraciones de amoniaco mayores 0.5 ppm.

In tropical and subtropical countries such as Brazil, temperatures inside agricultural facilities reach values greater than those considered suitable for thermal comfort for both animals and people. To predict the behavior and distribution of temperature in all directions of the structure and make correct decisions about the inside environment, the classic research method would require a significant experimental arrangement. Consequently, classic methodologies do not offer immediate information that might predict the internal behavior of the poultry houses against variations of external and internal conditions. The aim of this work was to use and validate the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) as simulation tool to analyze the distribution of temperature in poultry houses with positive or negative pressure tunnel ventilation and with internal misting. The results from numerical simulation correlated well with the experimental data, and it is therefore recommended to predict the thermal behavior inside of poultry house for an animal production tunnel type.

PurposeWith one of the highest incidences across Europe and the rest of the World in 2012, the Republic of Ireland (RoI) has experienced significant increases in prostate cancer (PCa) since 1994. The main driver is the widespread use of PSA testing which is used to detect PCa. This is expected to have significant implications on resource use in the RoI. The focus of this paper was to (i) derive costs for the PCa pathway, from diagnosis to treatment, and (ii) estimate overall healthcare expenditure for PCa in the RoI.MethodsPCa incidence (ICD-10 code: C61), treatment and mortality data during 2007-2010 was obtained from the National Cancer Registry Ireland. Costs associated with diagnosis, treatment, treatment complications, clinical follow-up to year four post-diagnosis and terminal (palliative) care were estimated using sources such as survey data, Irish inpatient costs and published costs.ResultsThe overall estimated burden of healthcare costs associated with those diagnosed with PCa and receiving care (up to four-year post-diagnosis) or dying from PCa in 2010 was approximately €45.6 million. The overall cost associated with detection, via PSA testing, for those diagnosed with PCa in 2010 (n = 3287) was €366,369. Treatment costs varied considerably with the most expensive treatment being chemotherapy and radical prostatectomy (unit cost €11,278 and €7324, respectively).ConclusionsPCa incidence partly due to high levels of PSA testing has significant resource utilisation implications in the RoI.

Increasing public awareness of Florida agriculture is a vital step in motivating the public to support agriculture. A basic understanding of Florida’s agricultural products, their impacts on the economy and the environment, and their availability contributes to Extension’s mission to sustain and enhance quality of life. This 3-page publication outlines a series of fact sheets with infographics related to specific Florida agricultural commodities. These fact sheets are intended to be visually appealing while presenting an overview of the commodity and its role in Florida agriculture. Written by Kathryn A. Stofer, Jessica Sullivan, Joy Rumble, and Libbie Johnson, and published by the Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, June 2016. AEC591/WC253: Promoting Ag Awareness through Commodity Fact Sheets (ufl.edu)

In regions with warm tropical and subtropical climates elevated air temperatures, especially during the dry seasons, can negatively affect thermal comfort inside installations used for animal and vegetative production, causing a significant decrease in production. An evaporative cooling system using non-saturated air to be introduced in the environment was employed, forcing air passage through different moist porous materials with the intention of thermal cooling, to improve the internal environment of these installations. However, difficulties in field experimentation have drastically limited the amount of information available regarding new porous materials that could possibly be used to substitute conventional material which is patented, expensive and with low durability. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to validate a computational model in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to predict cooling efficiency (h) in moist porous pads construed of expanded clay. The numerical results obtained by the proposed model showed good correlation (81%) with the experimental data, indicating its suitability to predict the behavior of these types of systems and for other porous material.En las regiones de climas tropicales y subtropicales cálidos, los altos valores de temperatura del aire, especialmente en épocas secas, pueden afectar negativamente el confort térmico dentro de los locales utilizados para la producción pecuaria y agrícola, dando lugar a una reducción significativa en su producción. Con el fin de promover la disminución de la temperatura en de las instalaciones y mejorar el ambiente interno de estas, se han utilizado los sistemas de resfriamiento evaporativo del aire que se introduce en el ambiente, abriéndose paso a través de diferentes placas porosas humedecidas. Sin embargo, dificultades en la experimentación práctica a limitado drásticamente informaciones relativas a nuevos materiales porosos posibles de ser empleados en sustitución al material convencional (Material celulósico) patentado, de elevado costo y de baja durabilidad. Debido a lo anterior, este estudio tuvo como objetivo validar un modelo computacional en dinámica de fluidos computacionales (CFD) para predecir la eficiencia del resfriamiento (h) en placas porosas de arcilla expandidas humedecidas. Los resultados numéricos obtenidos por el modelo propuesto mostraron una buena correlación con los datos experimentales (81%), lo que indica su aptitud para predecir el comportamiento de este tipo de sistemas, y de otros materiales porosos.

Within 2 months of its discovery last spring, a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus, currently referred to as 2009 H1N1, caused the first influenza pandemic in decades. The virus has caused disproportionate disease among young people with early reports of virulence similar to that of seasonal influenza. This clinical review provides an update encompassing the virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the 2009 H1N1 virus. Because information about this virus, its prevention,and treatment are rapidly evolving, readers are advised to seek additional information. We performed a literature search of PubMed using the following keywords: H1N1, influenza, vaccine, pregnancy, children, treatment, epidemiology, and review. Studies were selected for inclusion in this review on the basis of their relevance. Recent studies and articles were preferred.

Ecocriticism emphasizes how our bodily and ecological boundaries are just as porous,inter-penetrable, and open as are our cultural and linguistic realms. As individual bodiesand communities, we are fully immersed in our material environment and participating inconstant exchanges of matter and energy. In this essay, I nevertheless advocate for acautious approach to the ecocritical question of contested boundaries. After all, someboundaries and membranes are necessary to maintain living organisms. RegardingTimothy Morton’s assertion that we are “radically open,” I note the need for stable andhealthy membranes to sustain life, such as our porous yet enclosed intestines. I proposea multi-pronged perspective using the literary model of Goethe’s famously sentimentalWerther, who longs to merge with nature and become an insect, in juxtaposition with hisdeeply ironic Triumph of Sentimentality, which satirizes the Werther-like figure, PrinceOronaro, who wants to keep nature safely in a box. From the relationship of these twotexts emerges an “ironic Werther,” a model for ecocriticism. Werther’s and Morton’s“openness” are juxtaposed with Oronaro’s boxes, allowing for an open/closedperspective that resonates with “unbalanced nature” more broadly. Ecologicallyspeaking, all boundaries fade in the long-term, cosmic view; yet short-term boundariesallow a steady-state existence far from equilibrium, that is, they allow life to exist.Nature’s long term unbalance brings change and evolution, even as short-term bodieslive, reproduce, die, and continue the process. This essay rejects the notion ofharmonious nature and proposes instead a dynamic, multi-pronged view both ironic andserious, both literary and scientific, both open and closed; above all, it suggests thatthinking “nature in a box” might remind us that we, too, are nature and need some limitsas we hubristically alter our world.

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar y validar un modelo matemático simplificado en estado permanente, para predecir la distribución de temperatura en un galpón avícola comercial, equipado con sistemas de ventilación de presión negativa y nebulización interna. El modelo fue validado a partir de datos experimentales obtenidos en condiciones de verano. Se encontró para condiciones con temperatura externas de 26, 27, e 29°C, las mejores combinaciones que debe tener el galpón, entre la energía generada por efecto de la nebulización (qmisting) y por la rata de ventilación (V), el coeficiente global de perdida de calor del techo (Ut) y el coeficiente global de perdida de calor de las paredes (Upar), que permitan mantener la mayor parte del galpón con temperaturas que se encuentren dentro de la faja de conforto térmico para las aves de que para temperaturas externas (24 a 29 °C).

We are examining actions that teachers take to convert tasks into learning opportunities. In this paper, we contrast ways that three teachers convert the same task into lessons, and the way that their lessons reflect their intent. We found that the teachers did what they intended to do, that this was connected to their appreciation of the mathematics involved, and directly influenced the learning opportunities of the students. To the extent that the potential of the task was reduced, this seemed due to the lack of mathematical confidence in the case of two of the teachers. Examinamos las acciones que los profesores llevan a cabo para convertir tareas en oportunidades de aprendizaje. En este artículo comparamos las maneras en las que tres profesores convirtieron la misma tarea en actividades para la clase y la manera en que sus actividades de clase reflejan sus intenciones. Encontramos que los profesores hicieron lo que pretendían hacer, que esto estaba relacionado con su percepción de las matemáticas que estaban implicadas y que esta relación influyó directamente en las oportunidades de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. En el caso de dos profesores, la reducción en el potencial de la tarea parece deberse a su falta de confianza matemática.

This article reviews Gregory Rabassa’s memoirs called “If this be treason”. It pays tribute to a brilliant translator and literary critic, who is one of the unsung heroes of Spanish and Portuguese Literature. His memoirs, enriched by years of experience and theoretical reflection, provide a profound and wonderfully readable meditation on the art of translation, without ever becoming pedantic. They are divided into three sections: a) the translator, b) the translated and, finally, c) his verdict on the treason involved in the translation process. In this article, Aubert’s (1997) translation modalities are used to analyze Rabassa’s strategies when dealing with culture-specific items.

Ernest Hemingway’s posthumous novel The Garden of Eden is a text rife with competing desires, especially those between heterosexuality, homosexuality, and androgyny. It is a novel that also rehearses its author Ernest Hemingway’s ambiguous feelings concerning masculinity and androgyny. Through his writer-protagonist David Bourne, Hemingway dramatizes not only his personal desires and fears about sexuality, but also how “writing” can provide a solution for such insecurities.

This EDIS publication is an alternate version of a page published first on the Featured Creatures website. The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. This 4-page fact sheet that discusses the lesser wax moth was written by Ashley A. Egelie, Ashley N. Mortensen, Lynn Barber, Jessica Sullivan, and James D. Ellis, and published by the UF Entomology and Nematology Department, November 2015. EENY637/IN1108: Lesser Wax Moth Achroia grisella Fabricius (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (ufl.edu)

Compared with many of the stories in Dubliners, “The Boarding House” has received relatively little attention. This is due perhaps to its apparent “simplicity” when compared with the other stories in the volume. It is, on the surface, an old story, the folktale-like tricking of the naive male by a scheming mother and daughter. It is the purpose of this paper to demonstrate just how sophisticated the narrative strategy really is, how the “duping” of Bob Doran is best read against/within a series of other duplications, or doublings, or counterparts, and through such a reading to offer an explication of the sexual/textual politics of “The Boarding House.” In order to do this I move from a broad consideration of the story in the context of the volume as a whole to a progressively more particular concern with narrative and language, ending with the grammatical interrogation of one word.

Unrelated adults play potentially important roles in the positive socialization of children and youth, but studies of adolescents suggest the majority of adults do not engage positively with young people on an intentional, frequent, and deep basis. As a result, only a minority of young people report experiencing key developmental assets that have been associated with reduced risk-taking behaviors and increased thriving. Social norms theory suggests that adults will be more likely to get deeply involved with young people outside their family if that involvement is viewed as highly important, and if they perceive a social expectation to do so. A nationally representative sample of 1,425 U.S. adults was surveyed to determine the degree of importance American adults ascribed to 19 positive asset-building actions, and the degree to which the adults they knew actually engaged with young people outside their own families in those positive ways. The results showed that only a minority of Americans experience consistent normative motivation for engaging with other people's children. There is a large gap between what adults consider important and what they actually do to construct positive, intentional relationships with children and youth. Community stability and extent of community-building activities in which adults engage, including participation in religious services, volunteering, and neighborhood meetings, are associated with differences among adults in the degree of normative motivation for engaging with young people. In addition to these group differences, however, there also are nine asset-building actions -two functioning as genuine social norms and seven as social values- that great majorities of American adults consider highly important. The foundation therefore exists in public opinion to make explicit greater permission for adults to become more deeply engaged in the lives of children outside their families and to thereby define new normative expectations for all adults to share in being responsible for the well-being of young people. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Los adultos no familiares juegan potencialmente roles importantes en la socialización positiva de niños y jóvenes, pero estudios de adolescentes sugieren que la mayoría de los adultos no se involucran positivamente con jóvenes de manera intencional, frecuente y profunda. Como resultado, sólo una minoría de jóvenes reportan experimentar competencias evolutivas fundamentales que han sido asociadas con una reducción de comportamientos riesgosos y un aumento de conductas positivas. La teoría de las normas sociales sugiere que es más probable que los adultos se involucren intensamente con jóvenes no familiares si ese involucramiento es visto como muy importante, y si perciben una expectativa social de que lo hagan. Una muestra representativa nacional de 1425 adultos estadounidenses fue encuestada para determinar el grado de importancia que le atribuían a 19 acciones positivas de desarrollo de competencias, y el grado en que adultos que ellos conocían se involucraban en acciones de este tipo con jóvenes que no formaban parte de sus familias. Los resultados mostraron que sólo una minoría de estadounidenses experimentaron motivación normativa consistente para involucrarse con los hijos de otros. Hay una gran brecha entre lo que los adultos consideran importante y lo que realmente hacen para construir relaciones positivas e intencionales con niños y jóvenes. La estabilidad de la comunidad y el grado en que los adultos se involucran con actividades de fortalecimiento de la comunidad, incluyendo participación en ceremonias religiosas, voluntariado y encuentros de vecindario, son asociados con diferencias en la motivación de los adultos para involucrarse con jóvenes. Sin embargo, además de estas diferencias de grupo, hay también nueve acciones de desarrollo de competencias -dos que funcionan como normas sociales genuinas y siete como valores sociales- que una gran mayoría de estadounidenses consideran altamente importantes. Por lo tanto, existen en la opinión pública los fundamentos para explicitar un mayor permiso para que los adultos se involucren más profundamente en las vidas de menores que no forman parte de sus familias y así definir nuevas expectativas normativas para que todos los adultos compartan la responsabilidad por el bienestar de los jóvenes.

En las Odas de Píndaro se encuentran a menudo manifestaciones en primera persona que contribuyen a constituir lo que se ha dado en llamar “yo fingido”. Este artículo lo contempla como uno de los recursos poéticos de Píndaro, analizando cuatro pasajes en los que Píndaro se dirige a entidades psíquicas, y valorando su aportación a la constitución del “yo fingido”.

Two models of semantic change, metaphoric extension (Sweetser, 1990) and invited inferencing (Traugott and Dasher, 2002), have been offered as explanations for changes such as “see” > “know/understand”. In this paper, I will show that, while either model works for some of the changes, each model can explain changes that the other cannot. Metaphoric extension and invited inferencing can therefore be considered as two types of change rather than two competing theories. I furthermore suggest that changes such as “see” > “know/understand” occur when metaphoric extension and invited inferencing reinforce one another via parallel chaining (a concept adapted from Goossens, 2003).

A short introductory essay

Current market-based approaches to environmental governance for conservation and sustainability tend to disaggregate non-human natures into discrete units to which ‘value’ can attach, and release these new units into markets of circulating commodities so that through market circulation they can accrue more ‘value’. As Bram Büscher and Jim Igoe describe and theorise in Nature on the Move I and II, new techno-configurations of nature permit its agitated financialised circulation in emerging environmental markets, and the gathering of more monetised value through proliferating product exchanges. The new ‘value entities’ with which these circulations are associated require abstractions of nature’s immanent aliveness so as to manufacture and make commensurable tradable products deemed representative of nature health and harm. Through these de- and re-territorialisations of nature, ‘value’ may be created for some but arguably pathology is enhanced for all. These abstractions proliferate a nature that is distant and transcendent, at the same time as tuning out the communiqués of other(ed) sustainability practices and socionature experiences. My contribution in this third panel of our ‘Nature on the Move’ triptych, then, is an experiment in bringing into the frame, conceptually at least, connective and ecological possibilities associated with animist ‘amodern’ ontologies. I develop ethnographic and theoretical explorations of what might be implicated ecologically and politically by a milieu of immanent embodied ecologies, enfolded in an epistemological and ontological project of ‘becoming-animist’. ‘Becoming-animist’ is a normative move for the refraction of our current disconnective and virtualising impasse in both the theory and practice of socio-ecological relationships, and as such is worthy of serious intellectual, political and ethical engagement.

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Objetivo: Este estudio se realizó para evaluar la eficacia de cursos semanales de corticoides comparado con un solo curso en mujeres con rotura prematura de membranas (RPM). Métodos: Se realizó un análisis secundario planificado en mujeres con RPM que participaron en un estudio multicéntrico randomizado de corticoides antenatales en dosis única vs semanales (2). Luego de la administración de la dosis estándar de corticoides entre las 24 y 32+6 semanas de edad gestacional, las mujeres que consintieron en entrar al estudio se asignaron al azar a recibir inyecciones semanales de betametasona vs placebo hasta las 34 semanas. Se comparó la morbilidad materna y neonatal entre los 2 grupos. Resultados: Se enrolaron un total de 161 mujeres con RPM, 81 mujeres se asignaron a recibir cursos semanales de corticoides y 80 recibieron una dosis única. No hubo diferencias significativas en la morbilidad neonatal compuesta entre los dos grupos (27 [34,2%] de 81 pacientes vs 33 [41,8%] de 80 pacientes, p=0,41). Hubo más casos de corioamnionitis en las pacientes que recibieron cursos semanales de corticoides (39 [49,4%] de 81 pacientes vs 25 [31,7%] de 80 pacientes, p=0,04). Conclusión: Los cursos semanales de corticoides en mujeres con RPM no mejoraron los resultados neonatales por sobre los obtenidos con un curso único, y se asociaron con un riesgo aumentado de corioamnionitis. La terapia con corticoides antenatal no debiera repetirse de modo rutinario en pacientes con RPM. Nivel de evidencia: I

Horticultural therapy is the practice of engaging people in plant or gardening activities to improve their bodies, minds, and spirits. Research confirms that healthful benefits accrue when people connect with plants by viewing, planting, growing, and/or caring for them. This revised 3-page fact sheet describes the history and benefits of horticultural therapy and includes references and links to additional resources. It was written by Sydney Park Brown, Eva C. Worden, Theodora M. Frohne, and Jessica Sullivan, and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, January 2011.

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En este estudio preliminar, partimos de la idea casi generalmente consensuada de que el vocabulario juega un papel esencial en la adquisición, tanto de una segunda len- gua como de la lengua materna, y que el grado de competencia léxica de un sujeto determina en buena medida la calidad de sus escritos. Examinamos aquí la transmisión de valores sociales a través de material educativo. Creemos que la incesante pro- moción del consumismo que reciben nuestros jóvenes se hace no sólo a través de corporaciones y empresas, sino a menudo a través del material educativo; todo esto puede que influya en la visión del mundo de los aprendices que después queda reflejada en su producción académica. Utilizamos aquí la producción de una muestra de estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera para investigar estos aspectos. Finalmente, examinamos los libros de texto utilizados por este mismo grupo para analizar la potencial influencia sobre su producción de vocabulario. Nos centramos en el consumismo y los temas mediante los cuales éste se introduce. Al mismo tiempo comprobamos si el sexo es una variable relevante.

Hay un buen número de lingüistas, psicólogos y académicos de distintos campos que consideran que la lengua materna de un hablante influye de manera crucial en la visión del mundo que los hablantes adquieren e incluso contribuye a establecer taxonomías y a perfilar o determinar el pensamiento en general. Partiendo de estos principios académicos, analizamos someramente algunos patrones lingüísticos de la lengua inglesa, como los dichos, proverbios y otras expresiones idiomáticas de uso común que expresan ideas denigrantes contra los animales no humanos y que implican que estos existen exclusivamente para nuestra comodidad. Es nuestra opinión que siendo conscientes de estos comportamientos verbales podemos ayudar a corregir las concepciones subyacentes y de esta manera mejorar la sociedad y a nosotros mismos.

In this article we seek to contribute to the emerging conversation on child-centered research methods by reflecting on the use of participatory photo interviewing to understand children's experiences with household technology. Participatory photo interviews attempt to engage children as active research participants by giving them cameras and inviting them to take pictures dealing with various aspects of their lives. The photos are later used in the interview process to jointly explore the subjective meaning of the images. We focus here on how children oriented to the research task, and in particular, on the ethnographic insights obtained by attending to the different kinds of commentaries evoked as children were asked to explain their photographs. Our experience with this image-based approach suggests that children's reactions to the research context complicate the task of interpretation but are essential to acknowledge if researchers are to make full use of the potential of photo interviews. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs100189

This paper describes breast screening program development in Canada and the current status of screening in Canada. Programs have been implemented in most of Canada, beginning in the late 1980's. Certain components are common to all the programs, but others, such as personal invitation letters for recruitment and clinical breast examination vary across the country. Key successes in organized breast screening in Canada include the development of a comprehensive set of screening performance indicators, which are reported on regularly, and the downward trend in mortality rates observed over the past 20 years. Challenges include the continued prevalence of opportunistic screening; the need to better manage follow-up; dealing with changing evidence; and supporting informed decision-making about screening. Approaches to breast screening are dependent on the health care services available in countries, but regardless of the approach, good evaluation is necessary.Este artículo describe el desarrollo de la detección temprana de cáncer de mama en Canadá así como la situación actual de los programas de detección de cáncer en el mismo país. En su gran mayoría, estos programas de detección han sido implementados desde comienzos de los años ochenta. Algunos elementos de estos programas representan denominadores comunes en todos ellos. Sin embargo existen otros elementos -tales como invitaciones personales para reclutamiento y exámenes clínicos de mama, que difieren dependiendo de cada jurisdicción. Algunos de los avances en los programas organizados de detección temprana de cáncer de mama en Canadá incluyen la existencia de indicadores de evaluación de desempeño, sobre los cuales se reporta de forma regular. En base a estos indicadores se puede observar una tendencia descendente en los índices de mortalidad en los últimos 20 años. Algunas de las dificultades incluyen la persistencia de detección oportunística, la necesidad de gerenciar el efectivo seguimiento de pacientes, gerenciar el constante cambio de evidencia, así como el proveer asistencia en la toma de decisiones relacionadas a la detección temprana de cáncer. Las prácticas focalizadas en mejorar la detección temprana de cáncer dependen de los servicios de salud existentes en cada país. Sin embargo e independientemente de la orientación utilizada, la necesidad de evaluar el desempeño de los programas es un elemento vital.

This introduction to quantitative and qualitative research methods largely succeeds in conveying the main aims of contemporary empirical research in psychology. However, while the scope of the text is admirable, qualitative methods are presented implicitly as an exception to mainstream psychological research. Moreover, useful ways of combining quantitative and qualitative approaches are explored only briefly. Thus even though the text has an adequate description of qualitative methods, students reading HOWITT and CRAMER's work would be left in no doubt about the status of qualitative work in the discipline. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs080168