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Abstract This research aimed to estimate the shelf-life of smoked shark catfish coated with chitosan and red galangal extract and packed with aluminum foil using the acceleration method. The prediction of the smoked catfish shelf-life was carried out by storing the smoked catfish at temperatures of 35, 45, and 55 °C for 30 days. The parameters observed during storage were color, sensory score of rancidity, and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value. Data were analyzed using linear regression, and the equations obtained were used to calculate the shelf-life of smoked catfish at 30 °C. The color values of L*, a*, and b* of the smoked catfish coated with chitosan decreased faster, and the shelf-life was shorter than that of the smoked catfish coated with chitosan and red galangal extract. The shelf-life and activation energy of smoked catfish coated with chitosan at 30 °C were 29.63 days and 2873.146 cal/mol, while the smoked catfish coated with chitosan and red galangal extract were 38.52 days and 3380.371 cal/mol, respectively.

Handball calls for a variety of athletic skills, but throwing force is crucial for passing, scoring, and gaining momentum. Plyometric training uses explosive exercises that increase muscular contraction speed and force to improve power and speed. The purpose of the study is to ascertain whether adding plyometric workouts to handball players' training regimens can enhance their throwing ability to a noticeable degree. The research utilized an experimental design with a pretest-posttest methodology for a single group. The Sambas district handball team, which consisted of 15 athletes, picked the participants, who were between the ages of 17 and 22. Plyometric training was the intervention, and it was done in three sessions a week for four weeks. The Medicine Ball Javelin Quadrathlo strength test was used to gather data, and SPSS version 26 was used for analysis. The research showed that the mean throwing power and speed had significantly increased, with improvements of 2.07 between the pretest and posttest values of 19.93 and 22.00, respectively. The significance value obtained was 0.000, indicating a statistically significant enhancement. The plyometric training was found to be highly effective in enhancing the explosive strength and neuromuscular coordination required for powerful and fast throws in handball. In conclusion, the findings suggest that incorporating plyometric training into the training programs of handball players can substantially improve their throwing performance. Coaches and trainers are recommended to integrate plyometric exercises to maximize the athletic potential of their players. Keywords: plyometric training, handball, throwing power, throwing speed, explosive strength, athletic performance

Context: Hypertension is a health problem that is a major factor triggering cardiovascular diseases; however, effective treatment has not been found. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of Indonesian propolis in hypertension treatment through metabolomic study. Methods: A total of 36 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups, including standard diet group, high-NaCl diet group, high-NaCl diet + captopril group (25 mg/kg), high-NaCl diet + propolis from Riau Archipelago group, high-NaCl diet + propolis from Lampung group, high-NaCl diet + propolis from South Sulawesi group. An 8% NaCl diet was used to induce hypertension for 3 weeks, while 200 mg/ kg propolis was administered for 1 week following the induction. The bioactive compounds of ethanol extract of propolis were identified using UHPLC. Moreover, the metabolomic profile was performed using LC-MS/MS. Data was processed using principal component analysis and was used for metabolic pathway analysis. Results: All propolis samples significantly ameliorated the blood pressure of hypertensive rats. The metabolites that were mainly found in rat serum were amino acids, glycerophospholipids, and acylcarnitine. Rats administered with propolis from South Sulawesi had the closest metabolite profile to the standard group, where L-acetylcarnitine could be the potential marker of hypertension. Several metabolic pathways, including the degradation of tryptophan, β-fatty acid oxidation, degradation of threonine, and 2-oxobutanoic acid, were the most impaired pathways in hypertension. Conclusions: Indonesian propolis, especially from South Sulawesi, could be used for controlling blood pressure.

Background and purpose of the study. The relevance of motor skills for every student since they have benefits and affect the overall development of kids. Several studies have offered data on learning and developing motor abilities in youngsters. The game model's information is extensively created and utilized as a reference to enhance gross motor abilities. As a result, the purpose of this study is to conduct a review of the scientific literature in Indonesia on the stimulation of motor skills in early childhood and primary school students through learning using game models. The Harzing Publish or Perish tool was utilized for the search in this study. A database (Scopus) was utilized to find publications on motor skill development through play-based learning. The search was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Only five items remained after the exclusion criteria were applied. The findings indicate that the research methods employed in cooperative learning research in Indonesia are various, including quantitative, mixed research (quantitative and qualitative), and development. On average, measuring equipment was utilized to collect data for the study. According to the findings of this review, in the first group, traditional play-based children's learning is capable of optimizing kindergarten children's basic motor development, with a track record of implementing the concept/theoretical basis, activity stages, social systems, reaction principles, support systems, and impact models, and increasing students' basic skills for high motor skills. In the second category, learning structured in the form of games may stimulate children's fine motor and cognitive abilities, as well as strengthen fundamental motor skills and build gross motor skills for use in the learning process. Some shortcomings in the review have been identified, and it is important to continue this study internationally with a literature review or mapping study (bibliometric and scientometric), as well as to conduct research on the use of the game model and its impact. Keywords: Motor skills, play model, early childhood, elementary school

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic that occurred in various parts of the world has caused changes in the order of life. The purpose of this study is to examine students' perceptions regarding the potential transmission of Covid-19 in a university setting. Methods: This study is an online survey study with a cross-sectional design. The population of this study is all students domiciled in Medan, Province of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Next, the sample of respondents stratified according to age, gender, and kind of university. The research employed multivariate analysis (Multiple Logistic Regression). Results: Female students are more inclined to believe that Covid-19 cases can spread through activity (P-Value; 0.044 (

Introduction: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms felt by chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The prevalence ranges from 42-97% with levels varying from low to severe. Fatigue is not only detrimental to physical and social functioning but is also associated with poor quality of life for HD patients and is associated with death in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. For this reason, it is necessary to know the factors associated with the incidence of fatigue so that appropriate interventions can be carried out, both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. Objective: To evaluate the influence of anxiety and dialysis factors on the incidence of fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis at Ciamis Hospital. Material and Method: A cross sectional approach with a total sample of 88 people was used. Results: The results showed that 78 respondents (88.6%) who experienced fatigue complaints and anxiety had a relationship with the incidence of fatigue (OR: 9.0; p=0.019). Conclusions: Psychological factors, such as anxiety, are associated with the fatigue experienced by patients on hemodialysis.

Introducción: El insomnio es el trastorno del sueño más común en los pacientes en hemodiálisis, que provoca una disminución de la calidad de vida. Se espera que la aromaterapia combinada con relajación muscular progresiv aumente los efectos de la relajación en el paciente para que así la calidad del sueño del paciente pueda mejorar de manera óptima. Objetivo: Investigar el efecto de la relajación muscular progresiva combinada con aromaterapia de lavanda sobre el insomnio en pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis. Material y Método: Se utilizó un diseño pretest y posttest cuasi-experimental con grupo de control. La selección de la muestra se realizó mediante una técnica de muestreo consecutivo e involucró a 50 encuestados, divididos en dos grupos iguales. Al grupo de estudio se le recomendó hacer relajación muscular progresiva al menos cuatro veces por semana durante tres semanas y que pusieran dos o tres gotas de aromaterapia de lavanda en una almohada 30 minutos antes de acostarse al menos cuatro noches por semana durante tres semanas. Al grupo control se le recomendó realizar relajación muscular y cuidados diarios rutinarios al menos cuatro veces por semana durante tres semanas. Resultados: Los grupos de estudio y control fueron iguales en términos demográficos y puntuaciones de insomnio al inicio del estudio. No hubo diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones medias de insomnio para los dos grupos antes de la intervención, mientras que la diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa tras la intervención.

Objective: This study aims to conduct a focused discussion regarding the concept of a national policy on health and safety work procedures for ATC employees in Indonesia. Methods: The research is a qualitative study with case study design. Data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method. A total of 11 informants participated in this study. Data were analyzed with content analysis method. Results: It was found that all informants have positive perception to this model and agree to support the ATC employee's policy development. Conclusion: It can be concluded that in general, all informants support the concept of a national policy on health and safety work procedures for ATC employees in Indonesia. Therefore, it is hoped that a policy will be formed that focuses on improving ATC performance so that it can work healthy and safely.