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"This paper presents a new, continuous, version of the index of years of life lost (YLL) in the population, distinguishing different causes of death. Also, it shows the mathematical relationship between the YLL and temporary life expectancies in the discrete and continuous cases....The model is applied to the analysis of mortality of the province of Cordoba, Argentina, during 1947-1991." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"Uruguay can be ranked among the countries with fairly reliable vital statistics. The last population census included questions about ever-born and surviving children which allow [the derivation of] independent estimations relative to level and trends of infant and early childhood mortality. The purpose of this paper is to estimate such parameters based on 1985 Census information and compare them with those of 1975. Furthermore, particular interest is paid to the differentials which show that Uruguayan society is no longer the homogeneous society it seemed to be decades ago.... The last chapter is devoted to examining infant mortality by causes of death. This section evaluates the amount of lives that could be saved, if deaths due to exogenous factors are avoided." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This paper uses an economic index to describe the hierarchical structure of the national settlement system and describes the changes among the sixties, eighties and nineties. We found great territorial changes for the first period. The conclusions proposed are that there is a decentralisation at [the] national level, but at the same time, there is a centralisation at [the] regional level." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"The purposes of this paper are to analyze the Argentine legislation between 1870 and 1989 that has directly or indirectly affected the dynamics and structure of population, as well as to reveal the ideology of population policies supported by hegemonic social forces. This analysis takes into consideration the different development strategies that have been implemented. Our study explores the way in which the different governments have approached the issue of population, and, more specifically, it analyzes the relation between public policies, population policies, development strategies, and political processes represented in State laws." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"The paper starts with a brief analysis of the sources and the quality of the data and the mortality indices [for trends in adult mortality from chronic diseases in Chile]....A comparison is made of mortality among the 13 regions of the country and an attempt is made to relate the observed differences to some environmental and life-style factors. Rural-urban and educational differences of mortality by cause of death are also analyzed. The paper ends by comparing mortality by chronic disease in Chile with that of other countries of the Latin American region, noting some difficulties [in] such a comparison and proposing hypotheses for future studies." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This paper examines the adult-mortality transition in Costa Rica and its determinants. The risk of dying declined by 80% for young adults and by 40% for old adults from 1920 to 1990. The fastest decline took place in the 1950s for young-adult ages and in the late 1980s for old-adult ages.... By 1990, about 40% of Costa Rican deaths are caused by accidents and violence at young-adult ages and by cardiovascular diseases at old ages. Infectious and nutritional-related conditions (especially respiratory tuberculosis and malaria) account for three-fourths of the adult-mortality decline between 1951 and 1971, but only for 30% since that year on." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This paper reports some results of analyzing migratory dynamics in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, which ever since the 1970-1980 decade have affected other regions of the country, mainly the State of Mexico. The analysis describes different types and modes of migratory movement: metropolitan (from Mexico City), inter-county (within each state), and interstate (between Mexico City and other states). Data was provided by the XI Population and Household Census of 1990." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This paper begins by reviewing some conceptual frameworks for the study of female mortality and indicates some of its application problems. Next it presents results of mortality of women in reproductive-age classified by age, causes of death, and socio-demographic traits (marital status, schooling, and occupation) for ten states [in Mexico] differentiated according to level of development and well-being. The data suggests differences according to age, marital status, and schooling. Finally, testing of the mutual independence and partial independence hypotheses indicates that age, marital status, and schooling correlate to the degree of development of each state." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"In a recent paper, Lee and Carter developed a new method for analyzing and forecasting time series of age specific mortality, and applied it to the U.S. population. In this paper, we extend that method to deal with various problems of incomplete data common in Third World populations, and then apply the method to forecast mortality in Chile." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"Given the importance of information on the population age structure when planning short, medium and long-term needs within the different social strata, this paper is a proposal to deepen...the study of changes in the population pyramids.... Based on the most recent methodologies a study of age discontinuities is carried out and a method of follow-up by cohorts is suggested, taking the 15-19 and 20-24 age groups as an example. The purpose is to show that, as a...cohort ascends in the age pyramid, new and different necessities arise and also different responses are demanded on the part of the social system." Data are for Brazil as a whole and for the state of Sao Paulo. (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This paper reports on an attempt to use census data from Brazil in 1970 and 1980 to investigate a rise in household headship by unmarried mothers 15-49.... Demographic analysis can be useful in decomposing the change into that due to a changed propensity of women 15-49 years of age to be unmarried, to have children if unmarried, and to head their own household if an unmarried mother. This was further analyzed in terms of age, marital status (whether single, divorced/separated or widowed), region of residence, and urban-rural status....However, the research encountered data problems that make firm conclusions impossible...." This is a translation of a paper originally presented at the 1992 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America. (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"The purpose of this paper is to bring together some of the general problems that arise in the study of international migration between Paraguay and the countries of the Southern Common Market (with special reference to Argentina, which is the most frequent destination of Paraguayan migration).... The paper first reviews the known information about the emigration of Paraguayans, in general, and to Argentina, in particular, with some references to immigration to Paraguay from bordering countries, as well....A brief survey is made of the impact of the Southern Common Market (Mercosur) on employment and migration, and, finally, some specific problems related to the economic analysis of these migrations are discussed....", (excerpt)

"The objective of this paper is to discuss the role that three of the proximate determinants of fertility (marriage, contraception and post-partum insusceptibility) have played in fertility change in Latin America and the Caribbean. First we look at issues of data availability and comparability on measures of the proximate determinants from retrospective surveys. Most of the data utilized come from the World Fertility Survey (WFS) and the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) projects. Second, we present results from the most widely applied model for assessing the impact that these proximate determinants have on fertility, that of Bongaarts....Finally, we compare the results from the application of the Bongaarts model with those from an alternative method proposed by Moreno. Both models show that increased use of contraception is by far the most important reason for fertility decline, with marriage and post-partum insusceptibility making much smaller contributions. However, the second model suggests that the role of the marriage and post-partum insusceptibility factors is much smaller than is shown by the Bongaarts model." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This paper reviews survey-based data regarding contraceptive prevalence and methods employed in Latin America and the Caribbean, with an emphasis on changes in the mix of methods over time. The most striking recent trend is the rise in use of female sterilization.... By contrast, use of male sterilization remains negligible in most countries. The oral contraceptive pill is by far the most popular of the temporary methods, though its prevalence has more often declined than increased in recent years. Together female sterilization and the pill make up around [two-thirds] of contraceptive practice in Latin America and the Caribbean." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This document discusses the impact of the social institutions in the childbearing experience of...families and the reproduction of...society. Despite the difficulties of empirically demonstrating the association of the macro and micro spheres, the paper presents evidence of the relationship, introducing the case of Ecuador, based on broad indices of fertility and child mortality.... The analysis utilizes the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), individual and community questionnaire." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"This paper presents the results of exploratory efforts to examine the determinants of the structure of households in urban areas of Mexico, focusing on those of women with young children.... The empirical analysis uses two cross-sectional national surveys of Mexico, the 'Encuesta Nacional Demografica' 1982 and the 'Encuesta Nacional de Fecundidad y Salud' 1987...." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

"The purpose of this paper is to assess urban research in Mexico during the 1980s.... The study is divided into three sections: 1) continuing themes; 2) new themes on urban issues; [and] 3) state policies regarding urban issues. The author notes that in the 1980s, research was conducted for the purpose of analyzing urban realities more explicitly.... She also offers a description of studies that attempt to link state policies, the actors involved, and their impact (or lack of it) on urbanization processes, and discusses the regulatory functions carried out by the state." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)