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1. La atencion preescolar en Chile: desafios para la redemocratizacion (Preschool Care in Chile: Challenges for Redemocratization. Discussion Paper No. 13).

Author

Center for Research and Educational Development, Santiago (Chile)., Filp, Johanna, and Undurrage, Consuelo

Abstract

This paper examines the current status of programs for preschool children in Chile. Section 1 of the paper provides an overview of the situation of preschool children in Chile. The country's population includes more than 1.6 million children between the ages of 0 and 5 years 11 months, and in urban areas, 18.4 percent of children between the ages of 0 and 6 years live in extreme poverty. Figures on child mortality; incidence of malnutrition; norms for sensory, psychomotor, and intellectual development; and participation rates in preschool programs are presented. These presentations particularly focus on poor children. Section 2 discusses the objectives of and differences between infant care programs, which focus on ensuring the healthy development of all children, and preschool education programs, which emphasize cultural, psychomotor, affective, and social development. Sections 3 and 4 describe the major public, private, and community-based young child welfare programs currently existing in the country. These programs include those which focus on nutrition, parent and family involvement, cultural development, and intellectual growth. The final section offers recommendations regarding the expansion of school readiness programs; the incorporation of popular culture into the content of programs; the clarification of the responsibilities of different government agencies; the expansion of access to care programs to children in urban areas; the implementation of parent education programs in rural areas; the development of community programs; the development of compensatory, remedial, and cultural programs; and ways to meet other needs. (Contains 26 endnotes.) (AC)

Published
1989

3. [Ethical aspects of the doctors' behavior towards people on hunger strike: position paper from the Ethics Department of the Chilean Medical Association].

Author

Salas SP, Arriagada A, Bernier Villarroel L, Besio M, Micolich C, Misseroni A, Novoa Sotta F, Salinas RA, Valenzuela CY, and Bórquez Estefó G

Subjects
Chile, Delivery of Health Care, Humans, Patient Rights legislation & jurisprudence, Suicide, Ethics, Medical, Fasting, Patient Rights ethics
Abstract

Every so often, in Chile there is a discussion about the role of physicians in the care of people on hunger strike (HS). In this document, we review the ethical aspects of health care for persons in HS, aiming to provide guidelines to medical doctors who are required to attend them. First, we make an important distinction between HS and suicide, since the former is used as a protest and denunciation tool, while suicide seeks deliberately to end a life. Then we describe the three roles that the health professional can fulfill: as a treating doctor, as an expert or as an official of a prison. The respect for the autonomy and dignity of the person in HS must prevail whatever the role of the physician. Therefore, we maintain that under no circumstances, people who have autonomously decided to be in HS should be fed by force. Due to the complexity of the issue, we make special considerations about the management of minors and the non-competent persons in HS. In conclusion, we adhere to the principles that inspire the Declaration of Malta, which indicate that it would be preferable to "allow a person on hunger strike to die in dignity, rather than subjecting them to repeated interventions against their will".

Published
2018
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7. [Biomedical papers written by Chilean authors published in international journals in 1997. A review of MEDLINE].

Author

Bunout D and Reyes H

Subjects
Bibliometrics, Chile, International Cooperation, Language, MEDLINE, Periodicals as Topic, Publishing statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Background: Many Chilean biomedical investigators publish the results of their research in international journals, not easily accessible to fellow physicians of the country., Aim: To assess the amount and quality of papers published by Chilean authors in international journals., Data Source and Methods: Using MEDLINE databases from January to August, 1997, all papers in which Chile appeared in the field "AD" (Address of author) were selected. Papers with a clear relationship to human medicine were identified., Results: During the study period, 390 papers with authors residing in Chile appeared in MEDLINE. Of these, 188 (48%) were published in Chile and the rest was published abroad. Thirty manuscripts had a greater relationship to clinical medicine and the authors of nine of them were invited to submit a translation of their abstract into Spanish to have them reproduced in the present article., Conclusions: A significant proportion of biomedical research papers originated in Chile is published abroad with the consequent lack of diffusion among non-specialized readers from their own country.

Published
1998

10. [Decree No. 1010 of 5 September 1989 approving Regulations on ordinary passports, travel documents, and travel papers for foreigners; repealing Decree No. 676 of 15 February 1966 of the Ministry of Justice and amending Decree No. 172 of 23 March 1977 of the Ministry of Foreign Relations].

Subjects
Americas, Chile, Demography, Developing Countries, Geography, Latin America, Licensure, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Public Policy, Residence Characteristics, South America, Transients and Migrants, Emigration and Immigration, Ethnicity, Family Planning Policy, Legislation as Topic, Records, Refugees
Published
1989