167 results
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2. Appreciations of Students of Universidad Veracruzana about Qatsi Trilogy
- Author
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Miguel Ángel Casillas Alvarado and Jeysira Jacqueline Dorantes Carrión
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trilogía qatsi, estudiantes universitarios, percepciones, estética ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper reports the outcomes of a case study about social representations of university students of an artistic work: Qatsi Trilogy produced by Godfrey Reggio and music by Phillip Glass. This research is part of an international comparative project coordinated by Denise Jodelet and Béatrice Madiot, about perceptions and aesthetic appreciations from perspectives and sensations of university students of different countries. In this paper, are presented the statistical results of an opinion survey answered by 72 degree students at Universidad Veracruzana’s arts faculty pointing out their sensations, artistic, aesthetics and personal appreciations about the trilogy.
- Published
- 2018
3. Young Catalan people in London: youth emigration, crisis and labour market
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Clara Rubio Ros
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precariedad laboral, migración, españa, reino unido ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Many young people are having dificulties to start their profesional career in Spain due to the current economical crisis, and decide to move abroad, others just consider the economic crisis an opportunity to go abroad and have an international experience. London is one of the prefered destinations because of different reasons: it provides a good opportunity to learn English, the country has ample job opportunities and it is close to Spain. This paper approaches the state of youth in Spain in terms of employment and the migration process adopted by many Spaniards since 2008, focusing specifically in the UK as destination. This paper aims to give voice to the 30 young Catalan people interviewed, showing their migration and labour strategies in London.
- Published
- 2018
4. The relevance of the group in the institutional dynamics: A university diving team
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Marcela Victoria Rendón Cobián
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grupo, institución, organización, buceo, universidad ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the group in the institutional dynamics. The group is a social generator device, a mechanism that provides psychological shelter to its members and a rational tool for the execution of the task. Theoretical discussion is illustrated by the study of the Sciences Diving Team of the Faculty of Sciences at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. This is qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews and participant observation. One of the main conclusions of this paper is that the group is considered a unit characterized by the intermingling logic of various actions. These make up a complex social fabric of convergences and contradictions that encourages both social action and potential conflicts. The group is a social space that always experiences tension.
- Published
- 2018
5. LAS CUENCAS DE LOS LAGOS TAR Y SAN MARTÍN (SANTA CRUZ, ARGENTINA) Y LA DINÁMICA DEL POBLAMIENTO HUMANO DEL SUR DE PATAGONIA: INTEGRACIÓN DE LOS PRIMEROS RESULTADOS LAGOS TAR AND SAN MARTIN BASINS (SANTA CRUZ, ARGENTINA) AND THE DYNAMICS OF THE HUMAN PEOPLING OF SOUTHERN PATAGONIA: AN INTEGRATION OF PRELIMINARY RESULTS
- Author
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JUAN BAUTISTA BELARDI, SILVANA ESPINOSA, FLAVIA CARBALLO MARINA, GUSTAVO BARRIENTOS, RAFAEL GOÑI, ALEJANDRO SÚNICO, TIRSO BOURLOT, CECILIA PALLO, AUGUSTO TESSONE, SOLANA GARCÍA GURAIEB, ANAHÍ RE, and PATRICIA CAMPAN
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Lagos Tar ,San Martín ,cazadores recolectores ,distribuciones artefactuales ,cronología ,uso del espacio ,Tar and San Martín lakes ,hunter gatherers ,artifactual distributions ,chronology ,land use ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Se presentan los primeros resultados arqueológicos sistemáticos obtenidos en las cuencas de los lagos Tar y San Martín (49° 7´ S, 72° 11´ O), focalizados sobre la distribución espacial y temporal del registro. La información se ordena siguiendo las principales unidades ecológicas (estepa, ecotono y bosque) con el fin de discutir la existencia de diferencias en el uso del espacio por parte de las poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras. A la vez, se brindan valores de isótopos estables (δ13C y δ15N) obtenidos sobre muestras arqueofaunísticas de guanaco (Lama guanicoe) que permiten comenzar a delinear la ecología isotópica regional. Las diferencias en las distribuciones artefactuales articulan un primer modelo del paisaje arqueológico regional que muestra que las mayores intensidades de uso humano se registran en la margen este del lago Tar y en los alrededores del Cerro Cach Aike, decreciendo hacia el oeste (margen sur del lago San Martín). Las ocupaciones humanas se habrían iniciado alrededor de 9700 años AP, manteniéndose de manera discontinua hasta momentos históricos. Por último, se comparan los datos obtenidos con los disponibles en otras cuencas lacustres cordilleranas aledañas, integrando así un nuevo espacio a la discusión del poblamiento humano del suroeste de Patagonia.The aim of this paper is to present the first preliminary results of the systematic archaeological research carried out in the Lago Tar and Lago San Martin basins (49° 7´ S, 72° 11´ O), focusing on the distributional aspects of the record. In order to discuss patterned differences in the space use by prehistoric hunter-gatherers, the information is organized following the main ecologic units (steppe, forest, and the corresponding ecotone). Stable isotope data (δ13C and δ15N) from guanaco (Lama guanicoe) bone samples are also reported as a first step in the understanding of the regional isotopic ecology. On the basis of some differences in the spacial distribution of artifacts it can be proposed that the higher intensity of human use was concentrated on the eastern shore of Lago Tar and around Cerro Cach Aike. Such intensity decreases westward (southern shore of the Lago San Martin). The occupation history of these spaces began around 9700 years BP, following a highly punctuated pattern until historic times. The paper ends with a comparison between the archaeological record of Lago Tar and Lago San Martin basins with other southern Patagonia cordillerean lacustrine basins in order to discuss the prehistoric peopling of the region.
- Published
- 2010
6. UN ARTEFACTO EN ASTA DE HUEMUL (HIPPOCAMELUS BISULCUS) EN DEPÓSITOS ARQUEOLÓGICOS DE LA COSTA ATLÁNTICA: IMPLICACIONES PARA LA MOVILIDAD HUMANA Y LA DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LA ESPECIE. A HUEMUL (HIPPOCAMELUS BISULCUS) ANTLER ARTEFACT IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL DEPOSITS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST: IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN MOBILITY AND SPECIES DISTRIBUTION
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ISABEL CRUZ, A. SEBASTIÁN MUÑOZ, and M. SOLEDAD CARACOTCHE
- Subjects
Hippocamelus bisulcus ,zooarqueología ,movilidad humana ,distribución histórica ,Patagonia ,zooarchaeology ,human mobility ,historical distribution ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
En este trabajo se discute la distribución pasada del huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus), cérvido endémico de los bosques subantárticos patagónicos, así como su uso por poblaciones humanas del Holoceno. A partir de un resto hallado en la costa atlántica (Punta Entrada, Santa Cruz, Argentina) se evalúan las implicaciones que del mismo derivan respecto de estimaciones acerca de su distribución generadas a partir de información histórica. Asimismo, se discute su significado en el marco de los estudios de movilidad humana en el sur de Patagonia durante los últimos 1.500 años. Para ello se describe previamente el contexto de recuperación del artefacto y sus características morfológicas. Se concluye que si bien el artefacto recuperado en Punta Entrada no es evidencia suficiente para avalar el aprovechamiento de un animal cazado en la localidad, su presencia en la costa puede estar indicando la movilidad humana o la circulación de objetos a lo largo de grandes distancias.This paper discusses the past distribution of the huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus), an endemic cervid in Subantarctic Patagonian forests, as well as its utilization by human populations. Based on a huemul specimen found on the Atlantic coast (Punta Entrada, Santa Cruz, Argentina), its implications are assessed regarding distributional estimations generated from historical information as well as regarding human mobility in southern Patagonia throughout the last 1500 years. Previously, the recovery context of the object and its morphological characteristics are described. The paper concludes that even though the specimen recovered at Punta Entrada is not enough evidence to suggest the utilization of an animal hunted nearby, its presence on the coast may be interpreted as an indication of human mobility or the circulation of goods throughout long distances.
- Published
- 2010
7. Por que sou rondoniano
- Author
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Mércio Pereira Gomes
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Rondon ,Indigenismo ,Igreja do Apostolado Positivista ,Serviço de Proteção aos Índios ,SPI ,Funai ,Demarcação de terra indígena ,Antropologia ,Indigenism ,Positivism ,Positivist Apostolate of the Church ,The Indian Protection Service ,The National Foundation Index ,Ethics ,Humanism ,Demarcation of indigenous lands ,Survival ethnic ,Anthropology ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Numa revisão contextualizada no tempo e projetada pelos seus resultados, a obra do sertanista marechal Cândido Rondon (1867-1958) é avaliada positivamente pela dedicação à causa dos povos indígenas do Brasil, pela formação de uma ética de respeito do brasileiro para com os índios e pela institucionalização do dever do Estado brasileiro de proteger, assistir e ajudar os povos indígenas a manterem-se coesos e autônomos e ao mesmo tempo se projetarem no mundo mais amplo. A vida de Rondon é acompanhada desde a sua formação como cadete da Escola Militar, como membro da Igreja do Apostolado Positivista, como comandante da Expedição Rondon (1907-1930), que levou o telégrafo de Cuiabá a Porto Velho, e especialmente como criador e dirigente-mor do Serviço de Proteção aos Índios (SPI, 1910-1967). Rondon é o criador da expressão "Morrer se preciso for, matar nunca", que pautou a ação de indigenistas brasileiros que fizeram os primeiros contatos com muitos povos indígenas desde 1910. E muitos morreram seguindo essa norma, numa clara demonstração do novo espírito humanista criado pela atitude rondoniana. O indigenismo brasileiro implantado por Rondon teve altos e baixos ao longo de quase cem anos, que hoje prossegue pela Fundação Nacional do Índio (Funai). De fato, muitos povos indígenas perderam suas terras e muitos foram dizimados no século XX, mas os mais de 220 que sobreviveram vêm crescendo em número, obtendo suas terras (13% do território nacional) e conquistando novos espaços político-culturais no Brasil.This paper reviews the life and work of Brazilian Indianist Marshall Cândido Rondon. Rondon's life is marked by a profound dedication to the Brazilian Indian cause and to instilling in Brazilians a respect for Indian peoples. He influenced the Brazilian government in shaping a policy of protecting, assisting, and helping Indian peoples retain cohesive, self-determined societies. He also encouraged Indians to project their destinies onto a larger political context. The paper follows Rondon during his days as a cadet in the Military School; as a devout member of the Church of the Positivist Apostolate; as commander of the Rondon Expedition (1907-1930), which stretched the telegraph from Cuiabá to Porto Velho; and especially as the founder and leader of the Indian Protection Service (1910-1967). The Indian Protection Service is the precursor to today's National Indian Foundation (Funai), founded in 1967). Rondon is the creator of the expression "Die if you must, never kill" which, since 1910, has served as the motto for many of the Brazilian indianists who made the first contacts with Indian peoples. Many of them died in service for the Indian cause, demonstrating the high purpose of this new kind of humanistic vision. The Indian policy established by Rondon has experienced ups and downs throughout the last 100 years. Indeed, several Indian tribes became extinct and many lost their lands in the 20th Century. However, of the more than 220 tribes that survive today the vast majority are growing in numbers, have had most of their lands demarcated (amounting to 13% of the Brazilian territory) and are conquering space in the Brazilian cultural-political panorama.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Receiving the Armadillo’s Song: Oneiric Knowledge Transmission Between an Armadillo and a Wise Woman in Sokorpa, Yukpa Territory in Northern Colombia
- Author
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Anne Goletz
- Subjects
History ,media_common.quotation_subject ,transmissão de conhecimento ,Boundary crossing ,Context (language use) ,relación animal-humano ,Yukpa, Colombia ,GN1-890 ,relação humano-animal ,antropología del sueño ,biology.animal ,colombia ,Realm ,transmisión de saberes ,humano ,yukpa ,Dream ,anthropology of dreaming ,Everyday life ,media_common ,H1-99 ,biology ,animal-human relation ,antropologia do sonho ,Social sciences (General) ,knowledge transmission ,Colombia ,Embodied cognition ,Anthropology ,Armadillo ,relación animal ,Humanities ,Interspecies communication - Abstract
Resumen Este artículo analiza la transmisión y recepción onírica de saberes entre el armadillo Kamashrhush y la mujer sabia Diocelina como una relación humano-animal específica y altamente individual. En el contexto de una antropología del sueño dominada por la noción de viajes del alma, este artículo expone la manera pasiva y encarnada de las experiencias oníricas en Sokorpa configurada por la visita del ámbito no-humano en la vida cotidiana de las personas que están soñando. Además, destaca la naturaleza cooperativa de la relación entre Diocelina y Kamashrhush contra el trasfondo de las prácticas armadillo-humano basadas en la caza (respetuosa) y la evasión. Propone la similarización ontológica como medio para las interacciones sociales con seres no-humanos que suceden sin transformación o cruce de límites ontológicos, elementos que se consideran esenciales de la comunicación entre especies en las teorías antropológicas amazónicas. Abstract: This paper examines the oneiric knowledge transmission/reception between the armadillo Kamashrhush and the wise woman Diocelina as a specific and highly individual human-animal relationship. In the context of an Anthropology of Dreaming dominated by the notion of soul-travels, this paper discusses the passive and embodied manner of Sokorpa dream experiences shaped by the visit from the other-than-human realm into the dreamer’s everyday life. Furthermore, it highlights the cooperative nature of the relationship between Diocelina and Kamashrhush against the backdrop of armadillo-human practices based on (respectful) hunting and avoidance. It proposes ontological similarization as a means for social interactions with other-than-human beings that go without transformation and ontological boundary crossing, elements considered as the core components of interspecies communication in Amazonian anthropological theories. Resumo: Esse artigo pesquisa a transmissão/ recepção onírica do conhecimento entre o tatú Kamashrhush e a mulher sabedora Diocelina, como uma relação especifica e muito individual entre o ser humano e o animal. Na perspectiva de uma antropologia do sonho, dominada pela noção de viagens da alma, esse artigo trata as formas passivas e encarnadas das experiências oníricas em Sokorpa, que se formam com uma visita desde o domínio não humano à vida quotidiana dos sonhadores. Além disso, sublinha a natureza colaboradora da relação entre Diocelina e Kamashrhush no contexto das praticas entre tatús e humanos, baseadas na caça respeitosa e na tentativa de evitá-la. Igualmente, propõe uma semelhança ontológica como médio para as interações sociais com seres distintos dos humanos, que passam sem a transformação e cruzamento de fronteiras ontológicas, elementos considerados como componentes básicos da comunicação entre espécies nas teorias antropológicas amazônicas.
- Published
- 2021
9. La presencia de la antropología francesa en los Andes peruanos
- Author
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Carmen Salazar-Soler
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Peru ,ethnohistory ,anthropology ,France ,structuralism ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the French presence in Peruvian Andean anthropology. The paper identifies and analizes the studies, principal works, authors and theoretical approaches developed either in France or by French researchers that had an influence upon the development of Peruvian anthropology. The paper presents the principal institutional frameworks in which French anthropology dealing with the Peruvian Andes has evolved, and its links with the Peruvian academic world.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. EL CHUECO I: UN ASENTAMIENTO MULTICOMPONENTE EN LA ESTEPA OCCIDENTAL DE PATAGONIA CENTRAL (11.400 A 2.700 AÑOS CAL. AP, -44° S) EL CHUECO 1: A MULTICOMPONENT SETTLEMENT OF THE CENTRAL WESTERN PATAGONIAN STEPPE (11.400 TO 2.700 CAL. YEARS BP, -44° S)
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OMAR REYES B, CÉSAR MÉNDEZ M, VALENTINA TREJO V, and HÉCTOR VELASQUEZ M
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Cazadores recolectores ,Patagonia Central ,asentamiento multicomponente ,transición Pleistoceno Holoceno ,Hunter gatherers ,Central Patagonia, multi-component site ,Pleistocene-Holocene transition ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Se presentan los resultados de los trabajos conducidos en un asentamiento bajo reparo rocoso en el sector de estepa de la Región de Aisén, Chile. Las ocupaciones identificadas cubren el lapso entre 11.400 y 2.700 años calendarios AP, lo que hace del sitio una interesante contribución para entender la temporalidad de la presencia humana, ya sea la cronología del poblamiento inicial, como la recurrencia en el uso del espacio a lo largo del Ho-loceno. En el trabajo se presenta la metodología desarrollada, se describen las características del asentamiento, haciendo hincapié sobre los procesos de formación de sitios, y se expone la cronología de las ocupaciones humanas y su relación con los materiales culturales recuperados, principalmente líticos. Los resultados se discuten a la luz de los problemas de la ocupación humana de la cuenca del río Cisnes y en función de su relevancia en la región más amplia de Patagonia CentralThis paper presents the results of research conducted at a rock shelter in the steppe area of the Chilean region of Aisén. Occupations spanning a period between 11.400 to 2.700 calendar years BP have been identified at the site, making it an ideal context to understand the time scale of human presence, both in terms of the chronology of initial settlement and as regards the recurrent use of space during the Holocene. Our paper summarises the methods employed, describes the characteristics and formation processes of the site, presents an overview of the chronology of human occupations, and emphasizes associated artefact assemblages, mainly lithic tools. We conclude by discussing our results in the light of knowledge of human occupations of the Cisnes river basin and the broader region of Central Patagonia
- Published
- 2007
11. LO QUE EL VIENTO NO SE LLEVO: ANÁLISIS DE SITIOS DE SUPERFICIE EN LA ESTEPA FUEGUINA UNBLOWN BY THE WIND: ANALYSIS OF SURFICIAL SITES IN THE FUEGIAN STEPPE
- Author
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FERNANDO SANTIAGO and JIMENA ORIA
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Sitios de superficie ,Tierra del Fuego ,procesos postdepositacionales ,Surficial sites ,posdepositional processes ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Se presenta información de dos sitios arqueológicos de superficie del norte de Tierra del Fuego que se encuentran en puntos altos del paisaje expuestos a la acción eólica. Este trabajo informa los resultados obtenidos en el análisis tecnológico de los materiales líticos de ambos sitios así como también información arqueofaunística. Estos nuevos datos constituyen un aporte al conocimiento de las poblaciones que habitaron la zona durante el Holoceno tardíoThis paper present information of two surficial archaeological sites of the north of the Tierra del Fuego, which are located in high points of the landscape, exposed to the aeolian action. The aim of the current paper is to show the results obtained in the technological analysis of the lithic materials of both sites as well as the archaeofaunal information. These new data represent a contribution to the knowledge of the populations that inhabited the zone during the Late Holocene
- Published
- 2007
12. HACIA UNA APROXIMACIÓN DE LAS PRIMERAS ETAPAS DE REDUCCIÓN LÍTICA EN EL CAÑADÓN DE LA MINA, LOCALIDAD ARQUEOLÓGICA LA MARÍA, MESETA CENTRAL DE SANTA CRUZ, ARGENTINA TOWARDS AN APPROXIMATION OF THE FIRST STAGES OF THE LITHIC REDUCTION AT CAÑADÓN DE LA MINA, LA MARÍA ARCHAEOLOGICAL LOCALITY, SANTA CRUZ CENTRAL PLATEAU, ARGENTINA
- Author
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ARIEL D FRANK, FABIANA SKARBUN, and MATÍAS F PAUNERO
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Tecnología lítica ,Cantera ,Disponibilidad ,Materias Primas ,Lithic Technology ,Quarry ,Availability ,Raw Materials ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
En este trabajo se analiza la funcionalidad de la Cantera de Sílex del Sector Cañadón de la Mina, Localidad Arqueológica La María, Meseta Central de Santa Cruz, Argentina. Se examinan las características tecnológicas de los restos presentes allí y se evalúa si la cantera funcionó sólo como fuente de aprovisionamiento o también como taller lítico de los estadios iniciales en el proceso de elaboración de instrumentos. Además, se explora su relación con el sitio Casa del Minero 1, ubicado en el mismo sector. De manera más general, se busca aportar datos que permitan analizar a largo plazo las estrategias de aprovisionamiento y reducción de las materias primas, las estrategias de uso de espacios específicos como canteras y la planificación de ciertas actividades relacionadas a la organización de la tecnología lítica de los grupos que habitaron esta regiónThis paper studies the functionality of a flint quarry (Cantera de Sílex) from Cañadón de la Mina Sector, La María Archaeological Locality, Santa Cruz Central Plateau, Argentina. The technological characteristics of the remains found there are analyzed. It is examined if the quarry worked only as a source of raw material or if it was used also as a lithic workshop for the first stages in the toolmaking process. The relationship with Casa del Minero 1 site, located at the same sector, is also examined. More generally, this paper intends to add valuable data which will allow to evaluate in the long term the raw material sourcing and the reduction strategies, as well as the strategies for the use of specific spaces such as quarries and the planning of certain activities related to the organization of the lithic technology of the groups that inhabited this region
- Published
- 2007
13. El estatus ontológico, epistemológico y ético de los animales de laboratorio. Del especismo a la biofilia y la bioética
- Author
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Julio Alejandro Castro Moreno
- Subjects
Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,especismo ,animales de laboratorio ,Anthropology ,biofilia ,bioética ,GN1-890 - Abstract
espanolEl articulo senala que, desde la filosofia de la biologia, se ha entendido a los animales de laboratorio como estandares, modelos, instrumentos y herramientas, entre otras acepciones, lo cual da cuenta de lo que denominamos el estatus ontologico y epistemologico de dichos organismos. Sin embargo, en los estudios indagados no se pone de manifiesto cual seria el estatus etico de esos animales. Se argumenta, entonces, que esta situacion esta sustentada por una perspectiva especista, la que se propone superar a traves de la biofilia y la bioetica. El escrito concluye planteando algunos retos a futuro como, por ejemplo, reflexionar a profundidad de que manera se podrian justificar eticamente los experimentos que empleen animales de laboratorio. EnglishThis paper suggests that, according to the philosophy of biology, laboratory animals are viewed as standards, models, instruments, and tools, and so on, which accounts for what we call the ontological and epistemological status of those organisms. However, in the studies here inquired here, the ethical status of these animals is not clearly stated. Therefore, we argue that such a situation is grounded on a speciesist approach, which we propose to overcome through biophily or bioethics. This paper ends advancing several future challenges, like, for example, to reflect upon how experiments using laboratory animal could be ethically justified. portuguesO artigo salienta, a partir da filosofia da biologia, que os animais de laboratorio foram entendidos como padroes, modelos, instrumentos e ferramentas, entre outras acepcoes, que explicam o que chamamos de status ontologico e epistemologico dos referidos organismos. No entanto, nos estudos analisados nao e revelado qual seria o status etico desses animais. Argumenta-se, entao, que essa situacao e sustentada por uma perspectiva especista que, por sua vez, pode ser superada pela biofilia e pela bioetica. O artigo conclui apresentando alguns desafios no futuro, como e o caso da reflexao em profundidade sobre como os experimentos que utilizam animais de laboratorio poderiam ser eticamente justificados.
- Published
- 2019
14. El agua es de los pueblos y no de Belo Monte: represas y pérdidas de redes de sociabilidad de las poblaciones afectadas representadas en arpilleras amazónicas
- Author
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Marina Hainzenreder Ertzogue and Monise Busquets
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movimiento de los afectados por las represas ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,mujeres ,Anthropology ,sociabilidad ,GN1-890 ,represas - Abstract
espanolEl articulo aborda los efectos de la perdida de redes de sociabilidad en las poblaciones afectadas por la Central Hidroelectrica Belo Monte (PA). La perdida de las redes de sociabilidad esta representada en las arpilleras de la Amazonia. Esta es una tecnica artesanal textil de las mujeres de Isla Negra (Chile), que fue utilizada como instrumento de resistencia durante la dictadura de Pinochet (1973-1990). Los talleres de arpilleras se realizaban en el Vicariato de la Solidaridad, division de la iglesia catolica conectada a la defensa de los derechos humanos. En Brasil los talleres fueron introducidos por el movimiento de Afectados por las Represas (2012), como un instrumento de denuncia de la violacion de los derechos de las personas afectadas por las represas. Segun el informe de la Consejeria de defensa del derecho de las personas (2010), en relacion con los afectados, se establecio que las mujeres estan en condiciones de extrema vulnerabilidad. El colectivo de mujeres del MAB, con el objetivo de visibilizar las perdidas socioeconomicas y la violacion de los derechos humanos, organizaron talleres de arpilleras en nueve estados del pais para proporcionar educacion y capacitacion. Las arpilleras elaboradas fueron expuestas en el Memorial de America Latina (2015) y reconocidas internacionalmente por la curadora Roberta Bacic. De igual manera, las arpilleras brasilenas fueron indexadas en Textiles del conflicto. Este articulo analiza los efectos del movimiento de resistencia y la ruptura de relaciones en las comunidades del barrio de Altamira, quienes vivian en palafitos y actualmente estan reasentados en el proyecto urbanizador Jatoba. Parte de esta historia quedo registrada en arpilleras, relatos bordados por mujeres, que hicieron de la costura un acto transgresor. EnglishThis paper addresses the effects of sociability mesh among populations affected by Usina Hidroeletrica Belo Monte (Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant –PA). The loss of sociability mesh is depicted on Amazonian arpilleras. This is a textile handicraft technique made by women from Isla Negra (Chile), which reemerged as an instrument of resistance during Pinochet’s dictatorship (1973-1990). Arpillera workshops were based on the Solidarity Vicarship, a branch of the Catholic Church engaged in the defence of human rights. In Brazil, their offices were brought up by the Movement of Dam-Affected People (2012) as a means to report breaches on affected populations’ rights because of dams. According to the Report of the Human Rights Defence Council (2010), considering populations affected, women show an extreme vulnerability. The MAB’s Women Collective, in an effort to visibilize socioeconomic losses and their rights’ breach, set up Arpillera workshops in nine states across the country aiming to train people on this work. Arpilleras crafted were exhibited at the Latin American Memorial (2015) and now enjoy international recognition through Roberta Bacic’s curatorial work; also Brazilian arpilleras are indexed in Conflict Textiles. This paper analyses the effects of uprooting and breaking ties of vicinity among Altamira communities, who used to live in stilt houses and have now been relocated to the Jatoba development. A part of this history is recorded on arpilleras, narratives embroidered by women who turned needlework into a transgressive action.
- Published
- 2019
15. Corales guardería: sobre extinción, capacidades y forma
- Author
-
Aída Sofía Rivera Sotelo
- Subjects
H1-99 ,extinción ,extinction ,Philosophy ,response-ability ,Spanish speaking ,capacidade de resposta ,form and corals ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,forma e corais ,forma y corales ,extinção ,capacidad de responder ,Anthropology ,Humanities - Abstract
Resumen: Este escrito contribuye a la divulgación de dos cuerpos de literatura al público hispanohablante: estudios sociales de la extinción y la «capacidad de responder». Argumenta que los estudios sociales de la extinción enfatizan la violencia y el sufrimiento como la principal conexión entre humanos y otros animales extintos y amenazados. Inspirada en filósofas feministas como Vinciane Despret y Donna Haraway, quienes cuentan historias de animales capaces de responder y no simplemente de reaccionar, este escrito pregunta qué más hay en los procesos de extinción además de sufrimiento y de violencia. Esta aproximación es importante en cuanto invita respuestas individuales y colectivas que pasan más por la curiosidad que por la culpa y la lástima. Esta propuesta es inseparable de la escritura creativa que permite contar corales que hoy son guardería. Estos mundos marinos están haciendo algo más que simplemente desaparecer. Son las formas materiales de redes de vida humana subacuática. Abstract: This paper helps spread two bodies of literature among a Spanish speaking audience, that is, social studies of extinction and 'response-ability'. It argues that social studies on extinction highlight violence and suffering as the primary connection between humans and other extinct and endangered animals. Inspired in feminist philosophers, such as Vinciane Despret and Donna Haraway, both of whom tell stories of animals who are able to respond rather than merely reacting, this paper asks what else we can find in processes of extinction besides suffering and violence. This approach is important as it calls for individual and collective responses sprang from curiosity rather than guilt and pity. This proposal go hand in hand with creative writing, which enables telling about corals that have become nurseries. It suggests that these sea worlds might be doing more than simply disappearing. They are also the material shapes taken by underwater human living networks. Resumo: Este escrito contribui para a divulgação de dois corpos de literatura para o público de língua espanhola: estudos sociais sobre a extinção e a "capacidade de responder". Argumenta-se que os estudos sociais sobre a extinção enfatizam a violência e o sofrimento como a principal conexão entre humanos e outros animais extintos e ameaçados. Inspirado em filósofas feministas como Vinciane Despret e Donna Haraway, que contam histórias de animais capazes de responder e não simplesmente reagir, esse artigo indaga sobre o que mais está por trás dos processos de extinção, além de sofrimento e da violência. Essa abordagem é importante na medida em que traz respostas individuais e coletivas que passam mais pela curiosidade do que pela culpa e pela pena. Esta proposta é inseparável da escrita criativa que permite contar sobre os corais que hoje são um berçário. Esses mundos marinhos estão fazendo mais do que simplesmente desaparecer. Eles são as formas materiais de redes de vida humana subaquática.
- Published
- 2019
16. The Distribution of Services, the Feminization of the Labor Force and its Instability in Mexico.
- Author
-
Orlandina De Oliveira and Marina Emilia Ariza
- Subjects
servicios, feminización, fuerza de trabajo, precariedad laboral. ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The objective of this paper is twofold: it examines the implications of the process of tertiarization (expansion of services sector) on the quality of employment available in Mexico in the nineties, and it underlines the relationship between feminization of the labor force and gender inequalities prevalent in the labor market. We have found that tertiarization has brought about a decline in wage employment which can offer better working conditions for the economically active population. We have also found that women form part of the most precarious sectors, but also that they are segregated into female occupations. The interpretations presented in this paper were based information from surveys and from the census.
- Published
- 1999
17. New Social Movements and Collective Identities
- Author
-
Aquiles Chihu Amparán
- Subjects
movimientos sociales, identidades colectivas ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper criticizes the position that holds that the only meaningful political actions and the only formation of significant political identities are related to the economic bases. In other words, those within capitalist productive relations where the basic class contradictions can be found. The author of this paper basically takes into consideration two analytical criteria from the social movements theorists who argue that collective action can arise from sources other than the economic structure, such as the political or cultural dimension as well as from ethnic and gender relations. This shows that the sources of collective identity can be formed by something other than class. These different types of social movements create new identities and life styles.
- Published
- 1999
18. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM DECOLONIAL EPISTEMOLOGIES TO AN ETHNOGRAPHY OF SOCIOCULTURAL POLICIES AMONG YOUNG WOMEN
- Author
-
Marcela Alejandra País Andrade
- Subjects
H1-99 ,young women ,feminismos ,mulher(es) jovens ,GN1-890 ,decolonial approach ,jovens ,Social sciences (General) ,políticas ,policies ,mujer(es) jóvenes(es) ,Anthropology ,abordagem decolonial ,feminisms ,enfoque decolonial - Abstract
Resumen: A través del lente que proporciona la intersección entre las epistemologías decoloniales y ciertas miradas feministas contemporáneas este artículo (re)significa conceptos claves enmarcados en un estudio de caso argentino sobre políticas socioculturales desde una perspectiva de género: política, juventud y mujeres. La naturalización de estas nociones, en y desde las políticas socioculturales públicas de la Argentina actual, reproduce acciones que legitiman a las mujeres jóvenes como poblaciones homogéneas dotadas de características específicas, distintivas, y determinadas a priori, y; fundamentalmente, como problemáticas y vulnerables. Por consiguiente, este escrito sostiene que los debates actuales epistémicos relacionados a las políticas socioculturales públicas deben abordarse desde una visión histórica y crítica. La cual debe (re)construir en sus conceptos claves las imposiciones, negociaciones, resistencias y luchas de cómo se fue (re)produciendo un poder colonial en contextos y grupos sociales específicos. Abstract: Through the lens provided by the intersection between decolonial epistemologies and certain contemporary feminist views, this paper (re)signifies key concepts within the framework of an Argentina case study on sociocultural policies on a gender approach: policy, youth, and women. Naturalizing those notions within and from sociocultural public policies in today's Argentina leads to reproduce views informing young women as a homogeneous population, on the basis of given specific, distinctive, a priori defined traits -basically, as a troublesome and vulnerable population. Consequently, this paper argues that current epistemic debates associated to socio-cultural public policies should be addressed from a historical and critical view, which in its key concepts should (re)build the impositions, negotiations, resistances, and fights on the basis of the (re)production of colonial power in particular contexts and social groups. Resumo: Através da lente que fornece a interseção entre epistemologias decoloniais e certas visões feministas contemporâneas, este artigo (re)significa conceitos-chave enquadrados em um estudo de caso argentino sobre políticas socioculturais a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero: política, juventude e mulheres. A naturalização dessas noções, dentro e a partir das políticas socioculturais públicas da Argentina atual, reproduz ações que legitimam as mulheres jovens como populações homogêneas dotadas de características específicas, distintivas e determinadas a priori, isto é, como fundamentalmente problemáticas e vulneráveis. Portanto, este artigo argumenta que os atuais debates epistêmicos relacionados com as políticas públicas socioculturais devem ser abordados a partir de uma perspectiva histórica e crítica, a qual deve (re)construir em seus conceitos-chave as imposições, negociações, resistências e lutas de como se foi reproduzindo um poder colonial em contextos e grupos sociais específicos.
- Published
- 2019
19. Crítica de la razón corporal: Dussel y las meditaciones anti-cartesianas
- Author
-
Diego A. Soto Morera
- Subjects
Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,colonialidad ,dussel ,Anthropology ,cartesianismo ,dualismo ,corporalidad ,GN1-890 - Abstract
espanolEn este articulo se propone un analisis de la recepcion de Descartes en el proyecto de critica decolonial realizado por Enrique Dussel. En un primer momento me ocupo de establecer los usos del cartesianismo en la obra de uno de los autores mas representativos de la filosofia latinoamericana de la liberacion. En una segunda parte, se discute uno de los supuestos basicos de la critica de Dussel, el denominado dualismo cartesiano, con el fin de ampliar los marcos de interlocucion a partir de los cuales se problematiza la cuestion corporal. De esta forma, el texto ofrece algunas coordenadas que permiten discutir los fundamentos de politicas del cuerpo. EnglishThis paper puts forward an analysis of how Descartes is received in the decolonial criticism project performed by Enrique Dussel. In a first moment, I will engage in establishing the uses of Cartesianism in the work of one of the most representative authors of philosophy of liberation in Latin America. Then I will discuss one of the core assumptions of Dussel’s criticism, the so-called Cartesian dualism, in order to broaden the interlocutionary frames that serve as a point of departure to the bodily issue. Thus, this papers provides some coordinates allowing to discuss the basics of bodily policy. portuguesNeste artigo propoe-se uma analise da recepcao de Descartes no projeto da critica decolonial realizado por Enrique Dussel. No primeiro momento, ocupa-se de estabelecer os usos do cartesianismo na obra de um dos autores mais representativos da filosofia latino-americana da libertacao. Discute-se, numa segunda parte, um dos pressupostos basicos da critica de Dussel, o chamado dualismo cartesiano, com o proposito de ampliar os limites da interlocucao a partir dos quais e problematizada a questao corporal. Desse modo, o texto oferece algumas coordenadas que permitem debater os fundamentos das politicas do corpo.
- Published
- 2017
20. O candomblé na Europa: fluxos e refluxos entre Brasil, Itália e Portugal
- Author
-
Tatiana Golfetto
- Subjects
transnationalization ,candomblé ,social field ,europe ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper investigates the transnationalization of Candomblé in Europe by analyzing the relations between members of the same religious lineage that live in Brazil, Italy and Portugal. Using the concept of transnational social field, it aims to highlight the circulation and direction of the flows of material and symbolic goods between these countries to reveal dynamics and strategies of.’ its members. Afterwards, it discusses the perceptions between members of different nationalities, in order to understand the ways in which these members build differences and similarities between them.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Entre pernadas e possessões: encruzilhadas da umbanda e da capoeira nos espaços circulares afro-lusófonos
- Author
-
Ricardo Carvalho Nascimento
- Subjects
capoeira ,umbanda ,transnationalization ,counter-colonization ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper analyzes the shared insertion of Umbanda and Capoeira practices in Portuguese territory, based on an ethnography performed in a Umbanda temple and a Capoeira group in northern Portugal. This study also investigates how this demograph and their leaders applied common strategies of fixation in Portuguese society and benefited from common conjunctural and historical factors in their transnationalization processes. In an attempt to understand the unfolding of these phenomena, we utilize the concepts of counter-colonization and Afro-Lusophone circular spaces.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Europa 'underground': enverdecimento do ser, Reforma da Vida, bruxarias e outros modos de pensar o espiritual
- Author
-
Joana Bahia
- Subjects
greening of the self ,life reform ,spirituality ,afro-brazilian reli-gions ,religion transnationalization ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper analyzes how the Life Reform movement collaborated in the construction of a certain spirituality and in new ways of thinking the individual, which forged the socio-cultural elements of receptivity to Afro-Brazilian religions not only in Germany, but also in a large part of Europe, while also resulting in problems to religious transnationalization, wherein vegan practices and other ways of dealing with the religious construction of the European individual under great influence of spiritualist practices and the so-called new era reappeared.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Candomblé rituals and food practices in Italy and Brazil: an ethnographic comparison
- Author
-
Giovanna Capponi
- Subjects
candomblé ,transnationalization ,afro-brazilian religions ,food practices ,offerings ,sacrifice ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper focuses on the relationship between food practices, preparation of Candomblé ritual offerings and performance of rituals in a transnational case study. My interest here is to consider two ethnographic accounts of Candomblé rituals in Italy and Brazil. I will analyze how Italian practitioners perceive different aspects of the preparation of ritual offerings and what values are at stake in the cooking and consumption of food and food offerings. I will show how memory and the senses are essential to build a new idea of familiarity and to learn new skills within the ritual practice.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. 'Com defunto ruim não se gasta vela': hierarquizações que recaem sobre vítimas e réus na administração de conflitos no Tribunal do Júri do Rio de Janeiro
- Author
-
Izabel Saenger Nuñez
- Subjects
conflicts administration ,trial by jury ,moralities ,murders ,deaths ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper shows how different classifications are triggered by the state agents operating in the Jury Court and their effect on victims and defendants, producing hierarchical structures over their cases as well as their respective mourned victims’ deaths, which affect their conception about humans. By describing two cases observed in fieldwork performed over a year and a half, the way these classifications intersect is demonstrated, assigning different moral values to the people involved in the cases and bringing out different solutions, while agents interact between themselves and each party.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Recepción y enfoques historiográficos del pensamiento político en la India contemporánea
- Author
-
Mario López Areu
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Linguistics and Language ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,DT1-3415 ,India ,DS1-937 ,Language and Linguistics ,Politics ,State (polity) ,Political science ,modernidad ,Political philosophy ,History of Africa ,Legitimacy ,media_common ,H1-99 ,postcolonialismo ,Western thought ,History of Asia ,estudios subalternos ,Historiography ,Social sciences (General) ,Escuela de Cambridge ,Anthropology ,Ethnology ,Decolonization - Abstract
Contemporary political theory is dominated by the ideas and values of modern Western thought, however, following the decolonisation process in Asia and Africa an important debate is taking place regarding the continuity and legitimacy of those ideas in postcolonial societies. This paper analyses that debate within Indian political science, on how Western ideas have interacted with those in the Indian tradition to shape the present modern Indian political thought and the contemporary Indian state. The paper presents the main historiographical approaches present in this debate through an analysis of their main authors and works: the hermeneutic approach, which defends that modern Indian political thought is the result of a process of encounter between Western and Indian traditions, and the indigenist approach, which advocates for the development of an Indian political science discipline autonomous of Western ideas and values.
- Published
- 2018
26. Urdimbre sobre la universidad en la mercantilización del saber: Paul Ricoeur, Jacques Derrida, Boaventura de Sousa Santos
- Author
-
M Leonardo Montenegro, Jorge Eliécer Martínez Posada, and Constanza Abadía García
- Subjects
Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,biopolítica ,subjetividad ,Anthropology ,mercantilización ,GN1-890 ,universidad - Abstract
espanolEste articulo emplea la metafora de la urdimbre para destacar los elementos constitutivos sobre la universidad que han observado Ricœur, Derrida y De Sousa Santos. Cada uno por separado hace valiosos aportes que, en conjunto, constituyen la posibilidad de comprender esta institucion en sus condiciones actuales. Por ultimo retoma algunas ideas sobre la universidad como productora de productores en la mercantilizacion de la educacion superior y plantea una posible linea de fuga desde el devenir Nino ante las logicas de medicion actual neoliberal. EnglishThis paper employs the metaphor of warping in order to highlight the constituent elements of university, which Ricœur, Derrida and De Sousa Santos observed. Each of them separately brings in valuable contributions, which taken as a whole enables us to understand university in their current circumstances. Last, this paper returns to some ideas on university as producing producers in today’s higher education’s commoditization, and advances a potential way of escape by becoming a Child so as to face the current neoliberalist measurement rationale. portuguesO presente artigo usa a metafora da trama para ressaltar elementos constitutivos que autores como Ricoeur, Derrida e De Sousa Santos tem dito sobre a Universidade. Cada um deles, separadamente, faz valiosas contribuicoes e, em conjunto, constituem a possibilidade de entender a Universidade em suas condiciones atuais. No final, o texto trabalha algumas ideias sobre a universidade como produtora de produtores no marco da mercantilizacao da educacao superior e apresenta uma possivel saida a partir do DevirCrianca frente as logicas neoliberais de medicao da atualidade.
- Published
- 2016
27. De las veleidades de las fuentes primarias para el estudio de la historia del islam clásico: el caso de la batalla de Hunayn y sus implicaciones históricas
- Author
-
José Carlos Castañeda Reyes
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Linguistics and Language ,tradición judeo ,Battle ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,DT1-3415 ,DS1-937 ,magâzî ,Language and Linguistics ,historiografía islámica ,cristiana y musulmana ,Vida de Muhammad ,History of Africa ,revisión crítica ,media_common ,H1-99 ,Philosophy ,History of Asia ,Islam ,Relaciones Internacionales ,Social sciences (General) ,islam clásico ,fuentes primarias ,Anthropology ,Humanities - Abstract
This paper is a critical review of the recent book by Roberto Marin Guzman and Manuel Enrique Lopez Brenes, La batalla de Hunayn y las interrogantes que suscita. Reflexiones en torno al problema de la tradicion musulmana y las fuentes arabes (The Battle of Hunayn and the questions it raises. Reflections on the problem of Muslim tradition and Arab sources). The authors offer a re-thinking of this episode, analyzing the primary sources for the historical account, consisting of testimonies full with contradictions and apparent inaccuracies, which, however, being linked to the life of the Prophet of Islam, are not easy to question. The paper argues for the relevance of Marin Guzman and Lopez Brenes’ contribution, a much-needed analytical perspective that allows a more accurate view of the history of classical Islam, above and beyond Muslim dogma
- Published
- 2018
28. Rumor images, memes and selfies: Common elements and meanings
- Author
-
Francisco Javier Cortazar Rodríguez
- Subjects
internet, estudios culturales, cultura visual, cultura popular, redes sociales ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The rumoral images are very close to memes and selfies circulating on the internet. Those are closely related to the phenomenon of rumor because the intentionality, velocity, content supposedly informative (often it is not), anonymous and simplify information in some simple sentences and graphics. In this paper, we work in the origins of this popular phenomenon in social networking sites.
- Published
- 2018
29. The siege of indigenous autonomies due to the extractive mining model in Mexico
- Author
-
Laura R. Valladares de la Cruz
- Subjects
autonomía, leyes mineras, extractivismo, despojos territo- riales, movimientos de resistencia ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The siege of indigenous autonomies due to the extractive mining model in Mexico. This article aims to present an overview of the impacts thas has the mine extractivism activities on the indigineous autonomies, that has been undergoing in Mexico, that has resulted in the delivery of indigenous territories in the form of exploitation and exploration concessions, in favor of large national and transnational corporations. My purpose is to show the main paper that the Mexican State has in the positioning of the country as an attractive space for the large corporations, despite the high costs in the field of human, collective and environmental rights. This setting, aloud to understand the strategies of struggle and resistance that the indigenous people, among other social actors, are waging to stop or revert the process of dispossession if their lands and to enforce their constitutional rights.
- Published
- 2018
30. Socioeconomic determinants of car ownership in Mexican Municipalities
- Author
-
Ignacio Javier Cruz Rodríguez
- Subjects
posesión de automóvil, municipios, méxico, movilidad, motorización ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to quantify de impacts of socio economics variables in car ownership in Mexican municipalities in 2010. I separated urban and rural municipalities in order to appreciate different impacts. The results show that income per capita has the highest impact, in fact, is the grater than the others founded in literature around the world. Other important variables are population density and roadway provision. The roadway provision offers evidence of induced traffic. The results are commented in terms of public policy uses.
- Published
- 2017
31. Análise da metodologia dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) na cartografia da guerra na Colômbia
- Author
-
Santiago Alejandro Gallón Gómez, M Nicolás Espinosa, and Juan Monsalve
- Subjects
H1-99 ,Cartografía - Colombia ,cartografía ,Statistics - methodology ,Conflicto armado ,conflicto armado ,Cartografia - Antioquia ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,antioquia ,Anthropology ,Cartography - Colombia ,Estadistica - metodologia ,sistemas de información geográfica ,Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) - Abstract
RESUMEN: En el artículo presentamos la metodología que utilizamos en la construcción de un atlas sobre el conflicto armado en Antioquia. En particular, nos enfocamos en el análisis de la construcción de mapas cuantitativos por medio de Sistemas de Información Geográfica. En el artículo destacamos que si bien hay un incipiente debate académico en torno a la naturaleza de las bases de datos sobre el conflicto armado, la discusión sobre la utilidad, alcances y limitaciones de las metodologías cartográficas al respecto es casi inexistente. En la medida que los mapas no son neutros, pues representan los espacios tanto como pueden ser capaces de crearlos, como aporte a los estudios críticos desde los signos detendremos a develar y explorar tres aspectos que subyacen la creación de mapas sobre la guerra y que por lo general permanecen ocultos. Son pues elementos analíticos que podrán ser útiles tanto para quien lea un mapa como para quien lo produzca: (i) las consecuencias a que dan lugar el uso de distintas bases cuantitativas, (ii) el papel que juegan las formas de clasificación estadística de los datos y (iii) las múltiples formas de representación cartográfica que los SIG ofrecen. los mapas compendiados en el atlas, tal y como exponemos en el artículo, permiten apreciar los múltiples resultados analíticos a que dan lugar la covariación de estos aspectos (fuentes, clasificaciones y representaciones) a la hora de construir y leer un mapa. ABSTRACT: This paper presents the methodology used to prepare an Atlas on armed conflict in Antioquia. Particularly, we focused on the analysis of quantitative map construction through Geographic Information Systems. This paper remarks that even though there is an emerging academic debate around the nature of databases on armed conflict, discussion on mapping methodologies usefulness, scope and constraints is virtually inexistent. Since maps are not neutral, as they represent spaces to the most of their ability to create them, we will dwell upon unveiling and exploring three aspects underlying the creation of maps on war, which are generally kept hidden, as a contribution to critical studies based on SIG’s . Those are analytic elements that could prove useful both for someone reading a map and for someone producing it, namely: (i) the consequences resulting from the use of distinct quantitative databases, (ii) the role played by the ways of data statistical classification, and (iii) the manifold ways of cartographic representation SIG’s provide. The maps compiled in this Atlas, just as we show it in this paper, allow to value the manifold analytic results resulting from co-variating those aspects (sources, classifications and representations) when it comes to constructing and reading a map RESUMO: Neste artigo apresentamos a metodologia utilizada na construção de um atlas do conflito armado em Antioquia. Focamos, em particular, a análise da construção de mapas quantitativos por meio de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica. No artigo destacamos que embora exista um debate acadêmico em torno da natureza das bases de dados sobre o Conflito Armado, a discussão sobre a utilidade, alcances e limitações das metodologias cartográficas a esse respeito é quase inexistente. A partir do reconhecimento que os mapas não são neutros, pois representam os espaços e também os criam, nossa contribuição para os estudos críticos a partir dos SIG consiste em desvelar e explorar três aspectos que subjazem à criação de mapas sobre a guerra e que, via de regra, permanecem ocultos. Esses elementos analíticos, que podem ser úteis tanto para a pessoa que lê um mapa como para aquela que o produz, são: (i) as consequencias do uso de diferentes bases quantitativas, (ii) o papel que tem as formas de classificação estatística dos dados, e (iii) as múltiplas formas de representação cartográfica oferecidos pelos SIG. Os mapas reunidos no Atlas, tal como se expõe no artigo, permitem apreciar os múltiplos resultados analíticos da covariação desses aspectos (fontes, classificações e representações) na hora de construir e ler um mapa
- Published
- 2013
32. Desconstruindo o Desenvolvimento Territorial Rural (DTR) na América Latina
- Author
-
Gabriel Rodrigues Lopes
- Subjects
Territorial development ,Geografía Económica y Social ,H1-99 ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5 [https] ,Desarrollo Territorial Rural ,Neodesarrollismo ,desarrollo territorial rural ,Cuestión agraria ,cuestión agraria ,neodesarrollismo ,colonial ,GN1-890 ,Sistema-mundo moderno/colonial ,sistema ,CIENCIAS SOCIALES ,Social sciences (General) ,Geography ,Otras Geografía Económica y Social ,Order (business) ,combate a la pobreza ,Anthropology ,Regional science ,mundo moderno ,Cartography ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5.7 [https] - Abstract
El Desarrollo Territorial Rural (DTR) comienza a ser discutido, elaborado e implementado en los años iniciales del siglo XXI con el fin de minimizar el «mal desarrollo» de la década anterior. Sin embargo, refrenda y resurge de la estructura misma del sistema que genera los problemas que supuestamente combate. La mayoría de los trabajos académicos, por acotarse a la administración del DTR, pasan por alto las implicaciones epistémicas, políticas y socioeconómicas que advienen del enfoque. En el presente trabajo, analizamos y problematizamos las condiciones de posibilidad que dieron origen y legitimidad al DTR y lo habilitaron como marco orientador de las políticas públicas de desarrollo rural en la mayoría de los países de América Latina. El artículo está orientado desde una metodología cualitativa teórico-explicativa, amparado en una amplia revisión bibliográfica que transversaliza los enfoques del post-desarrollo, de la geografía agraria crítica, de la decolonialidad y del colonialismo interno. Esperamos que el ejercicio de deconstruir el DTR devele su rol como promotor y camuflador del sistema-mundo capitalista / patriarcal occidentalocéntrico / cristianocéntrico moderno/colonial. Rural Territorial Development (DTR) is recently being discussed, developed and implemented in the first years of the 21st century in order to minimize «poor development» in the previous decade. However, it is endorsed and reemerges from the same system structure generating the problems DTR is supposed to fight against. Most scholar works, to be ascribed to DTR management overlook epistemic, political and socioeconomic implications derived from this approach. This paper analyzes and challenges the conditions of possibility giving rise and legitimating DTR, which allowed for and enabled it as a guiding framework for rural development public policies in most Latin American countries. This paper follows a qualitative theoretical-explanatory approach, relying on a broad bibliographic review on critical agrarian geography, decoloniality and internal colonialism, which brings a cross-cutting view on post-development approaches. By deconstructing DTR we expect its role as a promoter and camouflager of the capitalist/ patriarchal, Western-centric/Christian-centric, modern/colonial world system. Keywords: Rural territorial development, fight on poverty, agrarian issue, neodevelopmentalism, modern/colonial world system. O Desenvolvimento Territorial Rural (DTR) começou a ser debatido, elaborado e implementado no início do século XXI com o propósito de minimizar o «desenvolvimento ruim» da década precedente. Contudo, o DTR referenda-se e surge da estrutura do sistema que gera os problemas que supostamente combate. A maior parte dos trabalhos académicos, por se limitarem a administração do DTR, esquecem as implicações epistêmicas, políticas e socioeconômicas derivadas desse enfoque. No presente trabalho, analisam-se e problematizem-se as condições de possibilidade que originaram e legitimaram o DRT, e o habilitaram como guia das políticas públicas do desenvolvimento rural na maioria dos países da América Latina. O presente artigo foi estruturado a partir de uma metodologia qualitativa teórico-explicativa e se baseia numa ampla pesquisa bibliográfica que leva em consideração transversalmente os enfoques pós-desenvolvimento, a geografia agraria crítica, a decolonialidade e o colonialismo interno. Espera-se que o exercício de desconstrução do DTR desvele seu papel como promotor e camuflagem do sistema-mundo capitalista/patriarcal ocidental-cêntrico/ cristão-cêntrico moderno/colonial. Fil: Rodrigues Lopes, Gabriel. University of Nairobi; Kenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
- Published
- 2015
33. El concepto de víctima en el campo de los derechos humanos: una reflexión crítica a partir de su aplicación en Argentina y Colombia
- Author
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Ana Guglielmucci
- Subjects
Victim ,violence ,human rights ,anthropology ,Argentina ,Colombia (Thesaurus). ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The notion of victim has been applied in the human rights (HR) field with a series of different connotations in each country. In this paper we aim to reflect on its uses and appropriations within the context of a series of laws and government programs designed to compensate the victims of state terrorism in Argentina and of the armed conflict in Colombia. Based on the gathering of documents and fieldwork with public servants and diverse groups of people who have been identified as victims, we analyze the meanings that this category has acquired and its possible applications in heterogeneous social contexts.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Waste disposal-consumption practices of solid household waste in Juarez City in 2014
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Myrna Limas Hernández and Janette Eréndira Blanco Romero
- Subjects
basura, gestión de residuos, 3r, población en juárez, incentivos ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to detect and realize the waste-disposal and consumption practices (generation, separation, recycling) developed by residents of Juarez City in their homes in 2014 to propose some strategies that encourage the separation of waste differently foreseeing the tons of waste collected. The methodology covered the design of a sample to apply questionnaires considering information cards with 50 items approximately. Data collection took place in 2014 in 6 elementary and junior high schools located in the east and west of the town. The participants were parents and the total number of validated questionnaires was 530 representing a confidence level of 97 %. The results confirmed that the availability of people to separate residues in households depends at least of gender, level of schooling or the area of residence. Therefore, the recommendations for establishing a waste separation program should be focused and, according to the participants, must be adapted to the collection service by type of waste, offering incentives or sanctions, among other alternatives.
- Published
- 2016
35. Quando a 'Avamunha' não bate: o conflito como aspecto estruturante do Candomblé em Portugal
- Author
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João Ferreira Dias
- Subjects
candomblé ,portugal ,conflict ,religious market ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The transnationalization of Candomblé to Portugal represents a strong process of religious reconfiguration that has been a matter of discussion in the anthropological literature. Despite the existence of a Candomblé reconfiguration amid its adoption in Portugal that demonstrates Candomblé’s foundational plasticity and the need of reconfiguration in a new social and cultural environment, this paper stresses the sociological phenomenon of conflict between local practitioners, presenting it as a structural element of the Portuguese Candomblé religiosity, which invokes the existence of constructing and reconstructing alliances based on the criteria of nationality, sexuality, and religious market demands.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The Program of Popular Housing Renewal: Habitability and permanence in Mexico City central areas
- Author
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María Teresa Esquivel Hernández
- Subjects
centralidad, política habitacional, vivienda, habitabilidad, barrio ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The central areas of Mexico City in recent years have been impacted by an unprecedented dynamism property. In this paper the increasing difficulty for people to live and stay that space is analyzed. The Renovación Habitacional Popular program (rhp) was a milestone in the housing policy for supporting more than 40 000 families could maintain their central location, their neighborhoods and their lifestyles. Three decades after its application, it is necessary to check the living conditions found in this large urban park.
- Published
- 2015
37. Nuevo Polanco: Urban renewal, segregation and gentrification in Mexico
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Adriana Aguayo Ayala
- Subjects
desigualdad, exclusión, fragmentación, redensificación, gestión urbana ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper analyzes the development of Nuevo Polanco, a recent renovation and redensification project in Mexico City focused on the conversion of an old industrial area. Describes the development of this zone from empirical data based on field trips, interviews and newspaper revision seeking to contribute to the discussion of urban policies implemented in recent decades in the neoliberal context. It shows how the renewal is based on a model that promotes urban segregation and gentrification. We conclude that the case of Nuevo Polanco perpetuates the logic of privatization and fragmentation of urban areas exacerbating social inequality.
- Published
- 2015
38. Inhabiting heritage: experiences and spatial practices of the inhabitants of the Central District Potosino
- Author
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Claudia Teresa Gasca Moreno
- Subjects
patrimonialización, habitar, arraigo, adaptación, pertenecer electivo ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper shows the results of an inquiry concerning the production, renewal and representations on heritage of the Inner Center of San Luis Potosi, in a conjuncture moment when a political project looked for its inscription within the World Heritage site list. On explored spatial experiences from inhabitants left to the margins of recovering politics of this Historic Center. The proposal focuses on the relations established by inhabitants as main guides, constituting the living part of heritage entourage from which a recovering project that be settled alongside with new ways of making the city.
- Published
- 2015
39. Political tensions in the process of mobilization-demobilization: The movement #YoSoy132
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Guadalupe Olivier Téllez and Sergio Tamayo
- Subjects
movimiento estudiantil, repertorios de acción colectiva, dispositivos de desmovilización, represión ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to highlight the main tensions of #YoSoy132 movement, emerged in Mexico in 2012 electoral process, and spread up to dozens of cities across the country. Despite the symbolic impact it had on the electoral campaign and in the soul of citizen groups, the movement did not achieve its immediate goals. It entered into a mobilization-demobilization dynamic, it concluded amid strong divisions in January 2013, and generated a period of contradictory resonances and expectations, into fragmented groups of activists in different parts of the country.
- Published
- 2015
40. Listening comprehension: Assessment and learning
- Author
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Rosa Margarita Galán Vélez
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oral, desarrollo auditivo, literacidades, didáctica, competencia lingüística, lenguaje académico ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Listening comprehension is fundamental in the processes of socialization, as well as in the academic and professional development; nevertheless, in Mexico, teachers do not explicitly teach it in the classroom, and its evaluation is just beginning: the Test for Linguistic Skills in Spanish (exhaling, for its abbreviation in Spanish) offered its first performance indicators. In the paper, based on the results of exhaling, it will be exposed how listening could play a protagonist roll in college achievement, as well as in Spanish learning strengthening.
- Published
- 2015
41. Dialética da liberação: a estratégia de luta sociopolítica do MPL- Igualdade em Chile
- Author
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Ignacio Muñoz Cristi
- Subjects
H1-99 ,estrategia dialéctica ,estratégia dialética ,dialectic approach ,autogestão complexa ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Welfare economics ,dwellers’ movement ,movimiento de pobladores ,GN1-890 ,movimento de povoadores ,Power (social and political) ,Social sciences (General) ,Politics ,State (polity) ,Complex self-management ,Political science ,Anthropology ,autogestión compleja ,media_common - Abstract
Resumen: En este artículo se presentan resultados sobre una estrategia de lucha sociopolítica sin, contra y desde el Estado, que son parte de una investigación mayor sobre sentidos y procesos de trabajo autogestionario complejo en el Movimiento de Pobladoras y Pobladores en Lucha (MPL) y su herramienta partidaria (Igualdad). Desde el análisis descolonial de sistemas- mundo se propone una perspectiva histórica de larga duración para situar los datos en el marco de los procesos de expansión y contracción de la autogestión en la modernidad- colonialidad. La metodología se basó en el enfoque biográfico a través de entrevistas con 12 militantes del MPL-Igualdad. Los resultados permiten caracterizar sus estrategias sociopolíticas de lucha antisistémica de liberación. Se concluye que estas rebasan el problema de vivienda y se proyectan, vía prefiguración constituyente del hábitat, en un horizonte de autogobierno comunal e intercomunal basado en la construcción de poder popular. Abstract: ftis paper presents some of the results of a sociopolitical struggle strategy without, against and from the State. A part of a broader investigation on the senses and complex self-management work processes in the Movement “Pobladores y Pobladoras en Lucha” (MPL) and its political party tool (Igualdad). Drawing from a decolonial analysis of world-systems, a longue-durée historical approach is put forward to situate data within the framework of expansion and contraction processes of self-management within the modernity-coloniality project. fte methodology was founded upon a biographical approach with interviews to 12 MPL-Igualdad active members. Findings allow to characterize their sociopolitical strategies for anti-systemic liberation struggle. As a conclusion, their strategies go beyond housing issues and are projected, via a constituent prefiguration of habitat, in a horizon of community and intercommunity self-government based on the construction of popular power. Resumo: Nesse artigo se apresentam os resultados de uma estratégia de luta sociopolítica sem, contra e desde o Estado. Os quais são parte de uma pesquisa maior sobre sentidos e processos de trabalho de autogestão complexo no Movimento de Povoadoras e Povoadores em Luta (MLP) e sua ferramenta partidária (Igualdade). A partir de uma analise decolonial de sistemas-mundo se propõe uma perspectiva histórica de longa duração para situar os dados no contexto dos processos de expansão e contração da autogestão na modernidade- colonialidade. A metodologia se baseou em uma abordagem biográfica, através das entrevistas com doze militantes de MLP-Igualdade. Os resultados permitem caracterizar suas estratégias sociopolíticas de luta anti-sistêmica de liberação. Conclui-se que essas excedem o problema de moradia e se projetam, através da prefiguração constituinte do habitat, em um horizonte de autogoverno comunal e intercomunal, baseado na construção de poder popular.
- Published
- 2021
42. Patagonia-Aysén in the construction of the nation imaginary
- Author
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Andrés Núñez González, Enrique Aliste Almuna, and Álvaro Bello Maldonado
- Subjects
fronteras, globalización, local, identidad, interculturalidad ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper proposes that the territory of Patagonia-Aysén (Chile) is not naturally a peripheral area but –instead– the result of a historical-geographical production that constructed as a peripheral spatiality. The text identifies the production processes of fixed geographical imaginaries in a state-centered perspective and concludes that the territory of Patagonia-Aysén can be explained by the social frames from where it is projected.
- Published
- 2013
43. Entre a zona do ser e do não-ser: a economia moderna da crueldade
- Author
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Alejandra Del Rocío Bello-Urrego
- Subjects
governança dos corpos ,H1-99 ,crueldade ,zona del no-ser ,necropolítica ,cruelty ,government of bodies ,colonialidade ,nonbeing zone ,GN1-890 ,gênero ,Social sciences (General) ,necropolitics ,gobierno de los cuerpos ,ser ,colonialidad ,Anthropology ,gender ,zona del no ,crueldad ,zona do não-ser ,Coloniality ,género - Abstract
Resumen: Partiendo del concepto de la zona del ser y del no-ser desarrollado por Franz Fanon, el objetivo de este artículo es explorar el funcionamiento de la frontera entre esas zonas, así como los mecanismos que sujetan los cuerpos a una u otra. Esto se hace por medio del análisis de tres casos: el trabajo esclavo en la industria global del chocolate, el origen imperial de las técnicas de guerra de la Escuela de las Américas y la conquista del Caribe colombiano por parte de las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia. El análisis se alimenta de una relectura feminista de la obra de Fanon, del concepto de las nuevas formas de la guerra de Rita Segato y de la perspectiva de la necropolítica de Achile Mbembe. Abstract: Building upon the concept of the being and nonbeing zone, developed by Partiendo Frantz Fanon, this paper aims to explore the inner workings of the border between those two zones, along with the mechanisms tying bodies to each. This is done by analysing three cases: indentured labor in the global chocolate industry, the imperial origin of war techniques at the School of the Americas, and the conquest of Colombian Caribbean by Colombian United Self-defence Armies. This analysis se draws on Fanon’s work, the notion of Rita Segato’s new forms of war and Achile Mbembe’s necropolitics perspective. Resumo: A partir do conceito da zona do ser e do não ser, desenvolvido por Franz Fanon, o objetivo deste artigo é explorar o funcionamento da fronteira entre essas zonas, bem como os mecanismos que mantêm os corpos numa ou em outra. Para isso, analisam-se três casos: trabalho escravo na indústria global do chocolate, a origem imperial das técnicas de guerra da Escola das Américas e a conquista do Caribe colombiano pelas Autodefesas Unidas da Colômbia. A análise se alimenta de uma releitura feminista da obra de Fanon, do conceito das novas formas da guerra de Rita Segato e da perspectiva da necropolítica de Achile Mbembe.
- Published
- 2020
44. El sicariato: reflexiones desde el complejo industrial fronterizo
- Author
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Arturo Chacón Castañón
- Subjects
H1-99 ,youth ,drug trafficking ,jóvenes ,frontera ,fronteira ,borderland ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,contract killing ,tráfico de drogas ,Anthropology ,sicariato ,narcotráfico ,juventude - Abstract
Resumen: El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de contribuir a la discusión en torno a las dimensiones y significados del sicariato en México, desde una mirada que busca articular la noción de Complejo Industrial como una sinergia que ocurre en algunas fronteras. El trabajo parte del resultado de tres entrevistas realizadas a sicarios en la ciudad fronteriza de Juárez, al norte de México, frontera con El Paso, Texas, en Estados Unidos. El bono demográfico, es decir, una parte de la población más activa económicamente, como lo son los jóvenes, se involucran en actividades ilícitas como el narcotráfico, derivado de la falta de una estructura sólida en sus redes sociales, lo que les permite a los carteles de la droga reclutar y operar con gran similitud a las empresas lícitas. Esta participación pretende una aproximación al fenómeno del sicariato, en voz de los protagonistas de la violencia, una actividad que se deriva de una constante batalla comercial ilícita circunscrita en lo ilegal, como es el narcotráfico, con efectos económicos y de grave trascendencia por el impacto social y brutal que genera en la frontera. Abstract: This paper aims at contributing to the discussion on contract killing dimensions and significance in Mexico, by intending to articulate the notion of the Industrial Border Complex as a synergy seen at some borders. This work builds upon three interviews held with gunmen in the border town of Juarez, northern Mexico on the border with El Paso, Texas, in the United States. The demographic bonus, that is, a part of the economically active population, namely young people, get involved in illicit activities, such as drug trafficking, as a consecuence of the lack of solid structures in their social networks. That makes it easier for drug cartels to recruit and operate in a similar way to legal enterprises. This contribution intends to approach the phenomenon of contract killing, in the voice of the main actors of violence, an activity deriving from an ongoing illicit trade battle on illegal grounds, such as drug trafficking, having economic effect and a serious transcendence because of its ruthlessness and the social impact it produces in borderlands. Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para a discussão sobre as dimensões e significados do sicariato (fenômeno dos assassinos assalariados) no México, sob uma perspectiva que busca articular a noção de Complexo Industrial como sinergia que ocorre em algumas fronteiras. O trabalho é baseado no resultado de três entrevistas com sicarios na cidade fronteiriça de Juárez, no norte do México, na fronteira com El Paso, Texas, nos Estados Unidos. O bônus demográfico, isto é, uma parte da população economicamente mais ativa, como os jovens, se envolve em atividades ilegais como o tráfico de drogas que, por sua vez, deriva da falta de uma estrutura sólida em suas redes sociais, o que permite aos cartéis de drogas recrutar e operar com grande semelhança às empresas legais. O presente trabalho busca uma abordagem do fenômeno do sicariato na voz dos protagonistas da violência, uma atividade que deriva de uma constante batalha comercial ilícita circunscrita no ilegal como é o caso do narcotráfico, com efeitos econômicos e de séria transcendência dado o impacto social e brutal que gera na fronteira.
- Published
- 2020
45. Insubordinação dos saberes sometidos e emergência das epistemologias outras
- Author
-
Juan Carlos Sánchez Antonio
- Subjects
geopolítica del conocimiento ,michel foucault ,H1-99 ,biopolítica ,gubernamentalidad ,colonialidad del poder ,descolonização ,Michel Foucault ,GN1-890 ,biopolitics ,geopolítica do conhecimento ,Social sciences (General) ,descolonización ,geopolitics of knowledge ,Anthropology ,coloniality of power ,decolonization ,colonialidade do poder ,governamentalidade ,governmentality ,biopolítica, geopolítica del conocimiento - Abstract
Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es establecer una relación dialógica entre los aportes alcanzados por la genealogía crítica foucaultiana eurocentrada y el potencial liberador de la perspectiva descolonial latinoamericana, para favorecer la insubordinación de los saberes sometidos y la emergencia de las epistemologías otras desde un horizonte genealógico mundial. En la primera parte se explica brevemente el método crítico genealógico desarrollado por Michel Foucault. En un segundo momento, se emplea la perspectiva genealógica para reconstruir algunos de los dispositivos soberanos, disciplinarios -y hasta biopolíticos- empleados en los «regímenes coloniales» del siglo XVII en América. De esta manera, se busca analizar los límites de la genealogía intra-europea al contrastarlos con las críticas hechas al eurocentrismo y la colonialidad desde la perspectiva descolonial. Por último, se explora la posibilidad de una genealogía crítica descolonial de los saberes sometidos y la emergencia de las epistemologías otras desde un horizonte mundial para crear «justicia cognitiva» global. Abstract: This paper aims to establish a dialogic relationship between the contributions made by Euro-centric Foucaldian critique genealogy and the liberating potential of the Latin American decolonial approach, to boost insubordination and subdued knowledges, and the emergence of other epistemologies in a worldwide genealogical landscape. In the first part, the genealogical critique method developed by Foucault is explained briefly. In the second part, the genealogical approach is used to rebuild some of the sovereign disciplinary devices, and even biopolitical, used in the “colonial regimes” of the 17th century in America. Thus, we intend to analyse the boundaries of the intra-European genealogy, by contrasting them with the critiques done to Euro-centrism and coloniality from the decolonial approach. Last, we explore the possibility of a decolonial critical genealogy of subdued knowledges and the emergence of Other epistemologies from a global horizon to create global “cognitive justice”. Resumo: O objetivo desse artigo é estabelecer uma relação dialógica entre as contribuições atingidas pela genealogia crítica foucaultiana euro-centrada e o potencial liberador da perspectiva decolonial da América latina, para favorecer a insubordinação dos saberes sometidos e a emergência das epistemologias outras desde um horizonte genealógico mundial. Na primeira parte se explica brevemente o método crítico genealógico proposto por Michel Foucault. Na segunda parte, usa-se a perspectiva genealógica para reconstruir alguns dos dispositivos soberanos, disciplinares -mesmo biopolíticos-, os quais foram utilizados nos “regimes coloniais” do século XVII em América. Desse modo, procura-se analisar os limites da genealogia intra- europeia e contrastá-los com as criticas feitas ao euro-centrismo e à colonialidade desde a perspectiva decolonial. Finalmente, trata-se a possibilidade de uma genealogia crítica decolonial dos saberes sometidos e a emergência das epistemologias outras desde um horizonte mundial para criar “justiça cognitiva” global.
- Published
- 2020
46. El ser humano y la leña en la cordillera de Mendoza (Argentina) a lo largo del Holoceno: sitio arqueológico Arrollo Malo 3 Humans and firewood in the andean Mendoza (Argentina) along the Holocene: the archaeological site Arroyo Malo 3
- Author
-
DIEGO ANDREONI F and AYLEN CAPPARELLI
- Subjects
antracología ,intensificación ,Patagonia de Mendoza ,leña ,anthracology ,intensification ,Patagonia of Mendoza ,frewood ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
El objetivo del presente trabajo es caracterizar cuali-cuantitativamente el registro antracológico del sitio arqueológico Arroyo Malo 3, que se emplaza en el valle del río Atuel, Mendoza, y cuya secuencia temporal comprende desde el Holoceno Temprano hasta el Holoceno Tardío. Se pretende establecer si el proceso de intensificación propuesto para los últimos 2200 años de ocupación humana de la región se ve reflejado, de alguna manera u otra, en el registro de uso combustible de las especies leñosas de la zona. De los 6650 carbones de madera recuperados de la cuadrícula B -1 del sitio, se seleccionó una submuestra por cada uno de los 40 niveles excavados. En total se analizaron 701 carbones. Éstos fueron identificados mediante comparación con la colección de referencia elaborada previamente para la zona por los autores. Se identificaron representantes de los siguientes géneros: Adesmia, Anarthrophyllum, Berberis, Colliguaja, Chusquea, Chuquiraga, O chetophila, Ephedra, Junellia, Lycium, Mulinun, Schinus, Senna y Prosopis. Los resultados muestran cambios en cuanto a presencia/ausencia y frecuencia relativa de los distintos géneros a los largo del tiempo, que tienden hacia una mayor diversificación taxonómica, e incluso incorporación de maderas alóctonas (i.e. Chusquea), hacia el Holoceno Tardío.The objective of the present paper is to characterize quali-quantitatively the anthracological record of the archaeological site Arroyo Malo 3, located in the valley of the Atuel river, Mendoza, whose temporal sequence comprises from the Early to the Late Holocene. we intend to establish if the intensification process proposed for the last 2200 years of the human occupation of the region is refected, from one or another manner, in the frewood record of the woody plants of the area. From the 6650 wood charcoal remains recovered from the B-1 grid of the site, one subsample of each of the 40 archaeological levels excavated was selected. A total of 701 remains was analysed. Charcoal was identifed by comparison with the reference collection previously made by the authors for the area. The following taxa were identifed: Adesmia, Anarthrophyllum, Berberis, Colliguaja Chusquea, Chuquiraga, Ochetophila, Ephedra, Junellia, Lycium, Mulinun, Schinus, Senna and Prosopis. Results showed changes in presence/absence and relative frequence values of the different genera along the temporal sequence of the site, which tend towards a taxonomical diversification, and also to the incorporation of foreign wood (i.e. Chusquea), during the late Holocene.
- Published
- 2012
47. Bioarqueología y cronología del sitio Negro Muerto 2 (Noreste de Patagonia) Bioarchaeology and chronology of the Negro Muerto 2 site (Northeast Patagonia)
- Author
-
ALEJANDRO SERNA and LUCIANO PRATES
- Subjects
bioarqueología ,Holoceno tardío ,Noreste Patagonia ,entierros múltiples ,Bioarchaeology ,Late Holocene ,Northeast Patagonia ,multiple burials ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
En este trabajo se presentan los primeros resultados del estudio de los restos humanos recuperados en el sitio Negro Muerto 2 (NM2), ubicado en el sector sur de la cuenca media del río Negro (provincia de Río Negro). Durante las actividades de rescate efectuadas en el sitio se recuperaron cuatro individuos: los individuos 1 y 2 formaban parte de un entierro doble (el último sufrió una desarticulación al nivel del cráneo, el cual se dispuso y enterró junto con el primero); y los individuos 3 y 4, probablemente fueron entierros simples aunque su alto grado de desarticulación no permite confirmarlo. Para el sitio se obtuvieron tres fechados radiocarbónicos de entre ca. 2.000 y 1.500 años AP. El cráneo del individuo 2, fechado en 1.586 ± 47 años A P, presenta una deformación artificial del tipo tabular oblicua; en este caso la edad obtenida es menor que la esperada para dicha morfología.In this paper we present the first results for the analysis of human remains recovered at the Negro Muerto 2 (NM2) site, located in the south sector of the Negro river’s middle basin (Río Negro Province). During the rescue activities done at the site, four individuals had been recovered: individuals 1 and 2 were part of a double burial (the latter suffered a disarticulation at the level of the skull, which was relocated next to the first one); while individuals 3 and 4 were probably simple burials, although their high degree of disarticulation would not allow us to confrm this. Three radiocarbon dates were obtained for this site between 2,000 and 1,500 years BP. The skull of the individual 2, dated in 1,586 ± 47 years BP, presents a tabular oblique cranial deformation; in this case the date obtained is less than the expected for such morphology.
- Published
- 2012
48. Operaciones balleneras de la INDUS en aguas Patagónicas: años iniciales (1936-1939) INDUS whaling operations in Patagonian waters: early years (1936-1939)
- Author
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DANIEL QUIROZ and PAULA DE LA FUENTE
- Subjects
operaciones balleneras ,caza costera ,caza pelágica ,INDUS ,whaling operations ,coastal whaling ,pelagic whaling ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
En este trabajo nos interesa mostrar, desde una perspectiva antropológica e histórica, los inicios (1936-1939) de la Compañía Industrial S.A. (INDUS) como empresa ballenera, cuando la mayoría de sus operaciones se realizaban en aguas patagónicas. Estos años constituyen una etapa de experimentación que, posteriormente, decantará en la puesta en marcha de las plantas balleneras de Quintay (1943-1967) y Bajo Molle (1956-1965). Así, se presentan como el preludio de la aventura ballenera de la INDUS, compañía que con el tiempo logró transformarse en la industria ballenera chilena más conocida y, en términos cuantitativos, la más relevante de toda la historia ballenera nacional. Es el cariz experimental de estos años iniciales lo que hace posible encontrar dos etapas, caracterizadas por dos modelos de caza y faenamiento distintos: entre los años 1936-1938 se dedicará principalmente a la caza costera desde las estaciones de San Carlos de Corral y Huafo, mientras que entre 1938-1939 operará bajo el modelo de caza pelágica, con el buque factoría Indus B/F. Posteriormente las estaciones y las operaciones balleneras en el sur serán abandonadas para concentrarse en Quintay.In this paper we examine, from an anthropological and historical perspective, the early years (1936-1939) of Compañía Industrial S.A. (INDUS) as a whaling company, when most of its operations were conducted in Patagonian waters. These years are experimentation times, that afterwords lead to the establishment of Quintay (1943-1967) and Bajo Molle (1956-1965) whaling stations. Thus, this period is presented as a prelude to the whaling adventure of INDUS, a company that eventually to became the best known Chilean whaling industry and in quantitative terms, the most important of all national whaling history. Is the experimental aspect of these early years which makes it possible to find two stages, characterized by two different models of hunting and processing: between 1936 and 1938 with focus primarily on the coastal whaling from San Carlos de Corral and Huafo stations, while between 1938 and 1939 operate under the pelagic whaling model with the factory ship Indus B/F. The whaling operations and land stations in the south will be abandoned to concentrate on the construction of the Quintay whaling station.
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- 2012
49. Materias promas lejanas: Explotación de recursos líticos no locales para la confección de micro-raspadores en el centro de Tierra del Fuego: el caso arqueológico Kami Distant raw materials: Exploitation of non-local lithic resources for micro-crapers manufacture in the center of Tierra del Fuego: the case of Kami 1 archaeological site
- Author
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HERNÁN DE ANGELIS
- Subjects
cazadores-recolectores ,materias primas alóctonas ,organización tecnológica ,Tierra del Fuego ,hunter-gatherers ,raw materials ,allochtonous ,technological organization ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
El objetivo del trabajo es presentar los resultados obtenidos a partir del estudio de un conjunto de micro-raspadores provenientes del sitio arqueológico Kami 1, ubicado en la margen sur del lago Fagnano. Este conjunto presenta como característica sobresaliente un porcentaje elevado de instrumentos confeccionados en una roca cuya procedencia podría estar situada a más de 200 km del yacimiento. Para abordar este estudio se llevaron a cabo estudios tecno-morfológicos y funcionales sobre los artefactos que permitieron determinar los procesos de confección y uso de este conjunto dentro de la cadena operativa. Por otra parte, el análisis de las posibles fuentes de aprovisionamiento nos permite discutir sobre el rol de estos recursos dentro de los circuitos de movilidad e intercambio de las sociedades cazadoras-recolectoras.The objective of this paper is to present the results obtained from the study of a set of micro endscrapers from the Kami 1 archaeological site, located on the south shore of Fagnano Lake. This assemblage presents as an outstanding feature, a high percentage of instruments made in a rock whose origin could be located more than 200 km away from the site. In order to undertake this study, we carried out techno-morphological and functional analysis on these artifacts. It was thus possible to determine the processes of production and use of this series of endscrapers within the operative chain. On the other hand, the analysis of possible supply sources allows us to discuss the role of these resources within the circuits of mobility and exchange of hunter-gatherer societies.
- Published
- 2012
50. Arqueología de la Punta Santa Ana: recontrucción de secuencias de ocupación de cazadores-recolectores marinos del Estrecho de Magallanes, Patagonia Austral, Chile Punta santa Ana Archaeology: recontruction of marine hunter-gatherer occupation sequiences from the Magellan Strait, southernmost Patagonia, Chile
- Author
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FLAVIA MORELLO, JIMENA TORRES, ISMAEL MARTÍNEZ, KARINA RODRIGUEZ, MANUEL ARROYO-KALIN, CHARLES FRENCH, VICTOR SIERPE, and MANUEL SAN ROMÁN
- Subjects
cazadores-recolectores ,adaptación marina ,secuencia temporal ,estrecho de Magallanes ,Patagonia ,hunter-gatherers ,marine adaptations ,archaeological sequence ,Magellan Strait ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Presentamos los resultados obtenidos durante una investigación orientada a la identificación de yacimientos y análisis de sus evidencias para reconstruir secuencias de ocupación de cazadores-recolectores marinos en diferentes puntos específicos de Patagonia Meridional. En este trabajo abordamos la caracterización de tres yacimientos arqueológicos de la localidad de Punta Santa Ana, estrecho de Magallanes. Los conjuntos estudiados corresponden a campamentos emplazados a distinta elevación sobre el nivel del mar actual, con antigüedades de 6300, 2700 y 700 años AP (no calibrados). Estos conjuntos habrían sido originados en lapsos cortos de tiempo y presentan una serie de características que sugieren discontinuidad en cuanto las tradiciones tecnológicas y estrategias de subsistencia a lo largo del tiempo.We present results of research focused on the identification of sites and the analysis of their archaeo-logical evidence in order to reconstruct occupation sequences of marine hunter-gatherer groups at specific localities of Southernmost Patagonia. In this paper we address the characterization of three archaeological sites at Punta Santa Ana area, Strait of Magellan. The studied assemblages are from camp-sites located at different elevations above current sea level, with dates of 6300, 2700 and 700 years BP (not calibrated). These assemblages have been formed in short time periods and have a number of features that suggest discontinuity in technological traditions and subsistence strategies over time.
- Published
- 2012
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