Search

This paper inquires about the process of emergence of a working-class community in the port of Buenos Aires, resulting from actions by workers and inhabitants of the working-class neighborhood at the beginning of the 20th century. Originality: At the crossroads of diverse historiographies (social, cultural and political history), this paper proposes a joint regard at the labor dimension, worker disputes, carnival celebrations and electoral participation, and to use this multiplicity of events and experiences to think about the emergence of a radicalized worker community, with a particular identity gestated in the mobilization during a specific time at the beginning of the 20th century. Methodology: The months from late 1903 to early 1904 were an important juncture in the port district, and based on a diverse set of documents (commercial, neighborhood, trade and left-wing newspapers, news magazines, police reports, photographs, among others), this paper reconstructs the worker experience in three settings converging in the summer months: protest, carnival and legislative polls. At the same time, it ponders the territorial dimension of community configuration and the key places that formed the backdrop to a story of protest, celebration, and elections. Conclusions: This analysis shows us that worker sociabilities around the port consolidated a community based on family, corporate, partisan, neighborhood and worker solidarities, in times of labor, political and festive mobilization, and of radicalized confrontation with the State and with corporations.

Este trabajo parte de la hipótesis de que las escuelas primarias y los colegios secundarios despliegan diferentes estrategias para determinar su perfil y proyecto institucional para definir los públicos que desean albergar. A partir del marco conceptual de las lógicas de acción propuesto por Ball y Maroy (2009) y Zanten (2009), realizamos un análisis de las lógicas de acción que implementan las 14 escuelas no subvencionadas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires ubicadas en la Comuna 13 para determinar su posicionamiento dentro del espectro educativo. Entre los principales resultados, destacamos cuatro tipos de lógicas de acción predominantes, aunque no excluyentes, que tienden a determinar el perfil de los alumnos de la escuela y su posicionamiento social: a) lógicas customizadas —escuelas a la carta—; b) lógicas de ensamblaje —escuelas de largo plazo—; c) lógicas vanguardistas —escuelas punta— y d) lógicas globales —escuelas que se internacionalizan. Concluimos que las escuelas no son actores pasivos o meros receptores de las elecciones de los padres. A través de sus lógicas de acción y estrategias de posicionamiento, intentan proyectar una imagen en línea con el proyecto institucional y el perfil de los alumnos o, más precisamente, el perfil de los padres que desean capturar. El análisis hasta aquí expuesto permite comprender los procesos de diversificación de instituciones dentro de circuitos homologables entre sí.

Abstract This paper’s main goal is to advance some considerations on the interrelations between port cities and capital. More specifically, it sheds light on how these interdependencies took place in the eighteenth-century Portuguese and Spanish Atlantic world. This paper thus seeks to draw an urban political economy in transimperial, global, and contractual perspectives. For so doing, particular attention will be put to Rio de Janeiro’s projection far beyond the South Atlantic, and in particular, its interconnections with the Rio de la Plata basin and Potosi markets. Attention will also be paid to the impact of and repercussions that far-flung economic phenomena had for the urban domestic markets.

La migración gallega constituyó el grupo etnicorregional más numeroso de la inmigración de ultramar a Argentina, hasta tal punto que Buenos Aires fue considerada «capital de la quinta provincia gallega». Si bien existe una amplia producción científica sobre esta migración, la movilidad social de este grupo etnicorregional ha sido menos abordada. El objetivo del artículo es analizar pautas y estrategias de movilidad social (intra e intergeneracionales) desplegadas por familias migrantes gallegas de origen de clase popular, pertenecientes a la última corriente migratoria que arribó a Argentina entre 1940 y 1960, e identificar las oportunidades y los obstáculos que encontraron las familias en sus trayectorias de clase. Para abordar este objetivo, se utiliza una perspectiva teórica que propone articular las estrategias de movilidad espacial y movilidad social analizando, con un enfoque de género e intergeneracional, la posición de clase de varios miembros de la familia. Dicho enfoque pone de relieve la importancia de considerar múltiples factores, más allá de la educación y la ocupación, en el análisis de las trayectorias de clase. El diseño metodológico combina el análisis estadístico de encuestas sobre movilidad social intergeneracional y 34 entrevistas biográficas llevadas a cabo en Buenos Aires con miembros de familias migrantes. El estudio da cuenta de cómo un entramado complejo de estrategias articuladas, influidas por un proyecto migratorio de asentamiento, contribuye a comprender mejor las trayectorias de clase de las familias de origen gallego en Buenos Aires: procesos de movilidad social ascendente de larga y corta distancia escalonados, basados en el encadenamiento de esfuerzos y acumulación de recursos entre generaciones.

In a world where climate change has been one of the main challenges in the last decades, cities and local governments are key players to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to new climate conditions. This article focuses on climate change policy implementation at local level. Using the city of Buenos Aires as a case study, in this research it is aimed to identify which micro- and macro-level factors and the context enable the local government to implement its climate change action plan launched in 2015. To do so, Ryan’s framework is used. The main findings of this paper support the hypothesis tested: Buenos Aires local government had sufficient resources and support from political and social coalitions, as well as the ability to link climate action with local issues to implement the Climate Change Action Plan (2015-2020).

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the transformations in the frameworks of reflection and action that promoted territorial documentation policies, developed in coordination between the National Direction of Migration and the provincial and municipal governments in the southern area of Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina. Based on an ethnographic approach to the activities of a local office, the Dirección de Entidades y Colectividades de La Plata, and interviews with its main managers, we focus on the interrelation between documentation policies and the visibility (and production) of the electoral potential of foreigners that crystallized during the implementation of these programs. Unlike the literature that focuses on the analysis of the intentions (explicit or implicit) of the laws and projects, and on the difficulties encountered in achieving the purposes stated in them, the originality of the article is given by its monitoring of positions, relationships, languages, and objects that were produced (to some extent unexpectedly) during their implementation. This strategy reveals that the documentary programs and the officials who carry them out have gradually become part of the networks of the so-called territorial policy, in which the relevance assigned to foreigners has increased. The fundamental shift in this dynamic is the progressive recognition of its electoral potential and the conceptualization of the migration issue as an area of strategic dispute for local and provincial political life. Thus, the main conclusion is that throughout the implementation of these programs, migration policy became politicized; that is, it acquired a “political” status in the consideration of different relevant actors. This recognition lasted even after document operations were discontinued in 2016 and was part of their reinstatement in 2019.

The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct the history of sanitation in the city of Buenos Aires in the period between 1829 and 1905. Within this chronological milestone, the paper seeks to address political actions specifically directed towards the water supply and construction of a sewerage system in the city. The proposed approach involves the study of different forms of interation of government and of private capital in project implementation, construction and sanitation services to Buenos Aires. The content of the article is divided into two parts that represent important changes in the conduct of political reorganization of the city: the first part covers the period from 1829 to 1880, when projects arise catchment water produced by Carlos Enrique Pellegrini, having municipality and the provincial government as the main agents of sanitation of Buenos Aires, the second highlights the context of the federalization of the city, where the works are taken over by the federal government and the clash between private capital and government becomes more intense, it extends up from 1880 to 1905, the year of completion of project of sanitation of engineer John Fredrick La Trobe Bateman.

En este artículo pretendo explorar la política en el Gran Buenos Aires a partir de un análisis de las elecciones legislativas de 2009 desde mi etnografía en una villa de La Matanza en proceso de urbanización. A partir de allí, intentaré dar cuenta de una serie de perspectivas que quedan opacadas en los análisis centrados en procesos electorales. Mientras éstos enfocan hacia las estrategias de campaña de los candidatos y los entramados políticos desde los cuales construyen apoyos para explicar los resultados electorales (o intentar predecirlos), el punto central de este artículo consiste en mostrar cómo las elecciones se imponen y son apropiadas localmente a partir de una perspectiva centrada en la urbanización de la villa. The purpose of this paper is to explore Great Buenos Aires's politics analyzing midterm elections (2009) from my ethnography in a shantytown of La Matanza under a process of urbanization. I will try to show some outlooks which are usually darkened by electoral analyses. While these researches usually focus on campaign strategies and political networks in order to explain (or predict) electoral results, the main contribution of this paper is to show how elections are generally imposed and locally appropriated from a local perspective oriented towards the urbanization of the shantytown.

In the city of Buenos Aires at the beginning of the 20th century, a police publication entitled Galería de Ladrones Conocidos was released. It compiled a series of photographic portraits and filiation data of suspects and recidivists who frequented police stations. By revealing the relationships and tensions between racial categories and photographs, I will analyze how police classifications configure a dynamic of hyper-embrace visual whiteness. At the same time, the paper presents the idea of mestizo images which makes it possible to dislocate the hegemonic notion of miscegenation conceived as a process of social whitening.

La presente nota registra al género Ctenomys en la localidad de Lima, ubicada en el noreste de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Los restos aquí descriptos se encuentran a más de 150 km al norte de las citas previas más septentrionales dentro de la provincia, no siendo posible su referencia a C. talarum o a alguna de las especies procedentes de la Región Litoral. Los restos fósiles descriptos en trabajos previos citan la presencia de Ctenomys en varias localidades del norte bonaerense, planteando la extinción de este género en la zona antes del siglo XIX. Por lo tanto, el hallazgo de Ctenomys en el noreste de la provincia de Buenos Aires proporciona nuevas pruebas acerca de la biogeografía del género en el área.The genus Ctenomys found at the locality of Lima, in the northeastern region of Buenos Aires province, is reported in this paper. The finding of specimens of this genus is located more than 150 kilometers to the North of previous mentions for the province, being not possible its adcription to C. talarum or to any other species from the mesopotamian region of Argentina. Previous papers indicate the presence of fossil Ctenomys in several localities in northern Buenos Aires province, and suggest that the genus disappeared from this region before the XIXth century. Thus, the record of living Ctenomys in northeastern Buenos Aires province provides new interesting clues about the biogeography of this genus in the area.

Este artículo trata sobre las urbanizaciones cerradas en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (RMBA). El objetivo es entender el impacto socio-territorial de esos barrios a nivel local, metropolitano y nacional. Después de exponer algunos elementos básicos sobre la historia de esas urbanizaciones y su importante desarrollo reciente en la RMBA, se analiza esta mutación de acuerdo con tres categorías: las formas arquitectónicas y urbanas; las funciones de los espacios y las prácticas sociales que permiten o suscitan; y el tipo de relaciones sociales que se crean en esos lugares. Para cada uno de estos tres aspectos se adoptan sucesivamente dos puntos de vista: por una parte, se contempla la situación dentro del barrio cerrado, y por otra, se estudian los cambios que esos barrios implican para sus alrededores y para el resto de la ciudad. En conclusión, nos acercamos a la idea de que esos emprendimientos traducen una profunda mutación de las representaciones de la ciudad para sus residentes: el éxito de los barrios cerrados significa un cambio importante en la idea que se hace la gente de lo que son y deben ser la ciudad y la vida urbanaThis paper deals with gated communities in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (RMBA). It objective is understanding the socio-territorial impact of these developments at local, metropolitan and national levels. After some basics elements about the history of these communities and their important and recent growth in the RMBA, this mutation is analyzed according to three categories: the architectural and urban forms; the functions of this spaces and the practices they allow or provoke; and the kind of social relationships they create. For each of these three aspects, two different points of view are successively adopted: a look at the situation inside the gated community, and secondly, the changes that it creates for its surroundings and for the rest of the metropolis. Finally, the paper comes to the idea that those developments imply a deep mutation of the representations of the city for its residents: the rise of gated communities means a deep change in the idea that people have of what cities and urban life are and should be

Este artículo aborda el estudio de algunos aspectos de la reestructuración territorial de la industria en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (RMBA), a través de la consideración de tres parques industriales: uno que se ha consolidado -el caso de Pilar- y dos que se desarrollaron -La Plata y La Cantábrica- durante la década del ‘90. Nuestro objetivo es caracterizar comparativamente a estos parques en relación con el proceso de reestructuración productiva y territorial por el que atraviesa la RMBA. El trabajo presenta las siguientes partes: primero se formulan algunas consideraciones teóricas sobre la organización industrial y los parques industriales; luego se describe la actividad industrial de la RMBA y su evolución reciente, en el marco de un proceso de reestructuración metropolitana; más adelante, se sintetiza la trayectoria de los parques en la Argentina y en la RMBA; luego se caracterizan los parques industriales Pilar, La Cantábrica (Morón) y La Plata; por último, se formulan algunas reflexiones acerca de la relación entre los parques industriales y la organización territorial de la industria metropolitana.This paper analyses some aspects of industry’s territorial restructuring in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (RMBA), through the consideration of three industrial parks: one that has consolidated -the case of Pilar- and two that were developed -La Plata and La Cantábrica- during the nineties. Our purpose is to characterize comparatively these parks in connection with the process of productive and territorial restructuring in the RMBA. The paper is organized as follows: first some theoretical considerations involving industrial organization and industrial parks are formulated; second, RMBA’s industrial activity and its recent evolution are described, embedded in a process of metropolitan restructuring; third, parks history in Argentina and in RMBA is synthesized; fourth, Pilar, La Cantábrica (Morón) and La Plata industrial parks are characterized; last, some thoughts involving the relationship between industrial parks and territorial organization of metropolitan industry are stated.

Este artículo observa la génesis de un discurso sobre urbanismo en Brasil y Argentina entre 1894 y 1945, utilizando las ideas de Foucault de disciplina y su concepto de "bio-poder". Se discute el patrón demográfico de las grandes ciudades en ambos países desde 1890 en adelante. Los planes propuestos para las mismas ciudades en los años ´20 y sus representaciones urbanas, son analizados así como las ideas de reforma social, el papel de la higiene para el urbanismo, y la relación entre el taylorismo y la ciudad. Se analiza el uso del urbanismo como un elemento de construcción nacional y las ideas de eugenesia para el urbanismo. Su implementación constituyó una forma de crear una cultura industrial, disciplinando la sociedad a través de la ciudad, aunque el proletariado industrial nunca llegó a ser mayoría en la población de Brasil o ArgentinaThis paper looks at the genesis of a discourse on urbanism in Brazil and Argentina between 1894 and 1945 using the ideas of Foucault on discipline and his concept of bio-power. Demographic pattern of the major cities in both countries from 1890 onwards is discussed. Plans proposed for the same cities in the 1920s and to urban representations, such as ideas about social reform, the role of hygiene in urbanism, and the relationship of ideas on Taylorism and the city are also discussed. The paper also analyzes the use of planning as an element of nation building and ideas defining eugenics in city planning. The implementation of city urbanism was a way of creating an industrial culture, disciplining society through the city, although the industrial proletariat never made up the majority of the population in Brazil or Argentina

This study analyses the contact between Spanish and Italian in the Italian linguistic landscape (LL) of Buenos Aires, from the most ancient layers (together with their linguistic innovations) to the most recent ones, resulting from a commodification of the Italian culture and identity. The focus is on the gastronomy and catering sector in Avenida Corrientes, as well as the neighbourhoods of San Telmo, Palermo and Retiro. The paper aims at identifying signs of the migration memory embedded and visible in the LL.

In this paper we present a scarcely explored documental type, the filiations made on soldiers, corporals and police guards by the urban and rural commissioners in Buenos Aires during the 1820s. We pursue a double objective: firstly, to give account of the existence, conservation and the main characteristics of this type of written sources; secondly, to analyze the reasons why Police Department agents, installed since 1821 in Buenos Aires, used this written record. In order to do so, and after an introduction, we dedicate an article´s section to describe a series of filiations contained in the Police collection of Sala X of the Nation’s General Archive (Argentina). In the next section, we address its production context, marked by the organization of Buenos Aires as an autonomous entity, and we trace, based on three affiliations and a note presenting them (made by commissioner Juan Bautista Perichon and sent to the Police Department) which we transcribe as an annex, the recruitment problems that police experienced towards the middle of the 1820s. The final reflections serve as a bridge to open possibilities and future exploration paths.

This article focuses on the declining process of Yiddish theatrical representations in Argentina throughout the 1960s. The paper will first address the heyday of the Yiddish theatre scene in Buenos Aires, between the 1930s and the 1950s, to then explore the main factors that provoked the crisis that finally led to its decline during the 1960s.

The question at the center of this article inquires on the role that Spanish literature played in the press during the development of the print market in Buenos Aires. We explore the problem about “spanishness” in the local papers as an object of discourse, in La Moda, and as a factor in editorial practices, in daily press such as Diario de la Tarde and El Nacional. We propose that the writings of authors like Mariano José de Larra and Manuel Fernández y González were involved in the process of the introduction of reading as an entertainment in the Buenos Aires’ press in the mid-nineteenth century. Yet, this is a fact obscured in the historiographic common sense, which tends to highlight the anti-spanish discourse of the dominant intellectual elite of the “generation of ‘37”.

It is well known that the development of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) had profound repercussions on Argentine society and on the large community of Spanish immigrants residing in the country. These segments were actively mobilized and promoted a broad solidarity flow in the context of the war in their homeland. In order to contribute to the better knowledge of this topic, This paper aims to analyze the distinctive characteristics that acquired the participation of Spanish migrants within the organizations and groups of solidarity that were founded in the Argentine capital in order to help rebellious fraction of the peninsular army.

The carnival of Buenos Aires in the last third of the 19th century was an arena for the negotiation of ethnic-racial differences, in one of the most multi-ethnic and changing cities of the world. During carnival various enactments that included representations of ethnicities took place, one of the most notable of which was that of white men in blackface. This article undertakes an investigation into the phenomenon of blackface carnival ensembles, beginning with the compilation of the songs of one the first and best known ensambles, La Africana, which is also the one that has left more lyrics registered in archives. On the basis of an exhaustive examination of archives, 29 of their songs are reproduced in this paper, which also allows for an analysis of the main features of La Africana, its possible connections with transnational culture and its enactments of blackness at carnivals.

The presence of Echium creticum L. is recorded for first time in Argentina, in the south west of Buenos Aires province. This species is native from Creta island with 3 to 5 subspecies distributed along the Mediterranean Basin. This paper describes the species and inform about its presence in Sierra de la Ventana, Sierras de Cura Malal and surronding areas in Saavedra county.

At the beginning of the 20th century, art commerce in Buenos Aires was concentrated in well-based galleries and auction houses. Simultaneously, away from the city center, many alternative exhibition spaces opened in local cultural associations. These institutions focused on supporting young artists and bonding with similar organizations, in order to expand their activities beyond their neighborhoods and the city limits. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the exhibition and commerce of works of art in these “alternative” contexts, where artists, collectors, critics, and public generated singular market dynamics. To this end, we will concentrate on the Ateneo Popular de La Boca, founded in 1926, as a case study.

In this paper we address the construction of social representations that the native society produces regarding the population of sub-Saharan African origin that lives in the City of Buenos Aires. Based on the application of a quantitative research, we recover inquiries from a questionnaire applied to people born and resident in Buenos Aires, referring to education and work to reconstruct representations towards African migrants. We understand that they contain racializing elements, whose origins go back to the construction that traditionally occurred with respect to the population of non-white-European origin in Argentina.

In this paper I aim to study rap in Buenos Aires after 2001 observing the link between social and aesthetic aspects, from a perspective of ‘mediation’ and ‘worlds of art’. For this purpose, I analyze its origins in times of socio-economic crisis and the importance that the democratization of digital technology has had in its unraveling. I observe the development of diverse niches (related to class, generation or aesthetics cleavages), and a process of popularization related to freestyle-improvisation and trap as a sub-genre. As I will show, there is a diversification and a fast popularization associated with digitalization and self-management events, giving rise to home recording studios and video clips uploaded to the internet. Also, I point out the role of the State, big shows organizers, journalists, streaming agencies and major record labels. Finally, I propose that the internal differences in this music do not refer directly to homologies between social classes and different styles of rap.

In this article we will discuss the ritual dimension of funerals and its connection with an important event throughout the XIX century: the arrival and spread of cholera epidemics. The argument that we make is that epidemics caused deep social crises, affecting all spheres of social life. These traumatic events generated a double process regarding mortuary rites. On one hand, the most usual rituals were interrupted. On the other, Buenos Aires society developed supplementary rituals so that the deceased could have their funerals. The first section of this paper will present common funeral practices in Buenos Aires and the disruptive characteristics of cholera. We will see that Buenos Aires’s society had an wide and ductile repertoire of funeral practices, and though during the epidemics it would not be possible to let the most common ones happen, some others emerged to mitigate the change in the scenario unleashed by the crisis. The other process was that, in addition to demographic crises, epidemics accentuated political crises and social tensions, which were settled both during and immediately after the epidemics. To this end, a second section will examine the death of cholera of Vice President Marcos Paz during the summer of 1868. We postulate that the State was an essential factor in the tributes to some dead, especially those that allowed redirecting institutional and / or politic conflicts. Thus, our argument is that the rituals were a key element to normalize conflicts that exceeded the demographic crisis alone.

In the past two decades, Buenos Aires has witnessed a surprising growth and popularity of Afro-Latin American cultural practices. Foremost among them, and most visible in the city’s public space, is Afro-Uruguayan candombe. Having spread beyond the Uruguayan immigrant community that contributed to its re-localization in the 1970s, it is nowadays widely part of the youth urban culture along the country. The paper discusses the re-significations following this vigorous development and how it intersects with other social processes of contemporary Argentine society. Focusing on the re-signification of candombe as “resistance”, as performed by a collective of drummers and dancers known as “Los Tambores No Callan” (Drums cannot be silenced), it highlights the connections they establish between this cultural practice and politics as social struggle. It suggests that this cultural practice is part of –and helps shape– new activist ethos in the public space of Buenos Aires, a historically alleged “White” and “European” city.

This article examines the various transnational measures taken by the Argentine government and police between 1889 and 1913 to deal with anarchism, particularly, those measures that had the Spanish case as benchmark. Even though the close links between the Spanish and Argentine anarchist movements are well attested, little is known about how such links affected and were affected by political repression. This paper shows that these factors are inseparable, suggesting, at the same time, that a narrow focus on Argentine anarchism – the usual approach among contemporary historians - is insufficient to assess the effect of international actions aimed at curbing anarchism in the city of Buenos Aires.

Born in the France of the Ancien Régime, the commissaire de police has a capital importance in the history of modern policing. The European historians have underlined its ambivalence and complexity: authorities named by the central government, but at the same time supported with local funds, and struggling between the administration of justice and police bureaucracy. This paper analyses how this authority emerged in the Hispanic American world, focusing on the case of the city of Buenos Aires in the long nineteenth century. The comisarios of Buenos Aires have built a strong writing tradition, materialized in the form of police journals and memoirs, which constitutes the main documentary source of this work.

Knowledge about ictiofaunal spatial distribution and composition of the lotic enviroment pampean plain is scarce. The purpose of this paper is to characterize fish community living in the Rodríguez Stream, located in the urban northeastern area of the province of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Limnological data was collected and analyzed along the stream. Ichthyological samples were taken using different methods to determine the quali-quantitative composition of the fish and their changes tendencie to change in relation to related to some diferent variables. The low oxygen concentration in the middle course caused by the highest anthropic pressure, was the key factor wich was responsible for the largest changes in the composition and species abundance of the fauna. This contribution, besides considering biological aspects of the ichthyofauna of this stream for the first time provides a diagnosis how this is affected by the growing urban impact within the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires.

This paper studies how the characteristics of Latin American urban transportation generate dimensions of dispute of ‘spatial capital’, meaning an individually internalizable type of urban resource which results from the combination of objective material conditions and subjective socio-cultural conditions. These conditions determine a socially differentiated use of territory and sometimes are decisive elements in opening new niches for high-end real-estate producers and consumers, hence linking with processes of displacement and exclusion. The study cases compare four neighborhoods from Buenos Aires and Santiago de Chile, two peripherals and two pericentrals. The results show, considering the role of new infrastructure, a strong difference between residents from the peripheral cases and little difference in the pericentral cases, identifying, however, processes of a dispute over the ownership and use of urban space and the neighborhood, in all the cases.

This paper explores the process of migration towards Latin America in Val de San Lorenzo (León, Spain) during the first half of the XX century.Drawing on ethnography and history, the study analyses the local and regional evolution of the area, the causes that triggered the migration process and, especially,the consequences that the phenomenon had in the village. This includes aspects such as socialist and liberal political influences, socioeconomic changes and sponsorship works, the industrialisation of textile industries or the transformation of material culture and dress, which informs about aspects of identity and memory in relation to architecture and modernisation. Finally, a comprehensive summary of the history of the ‘Centro Val de San Lorenzo’ in Buenos Aires, the society of local and county people created by migrants from the village is carried out.

Las grandes ciudades latinoamericanas se debaten actualmente entre dos procesos de transformación socio-territorial convergentes: la densificación y verticalización de las áreas centrales, y la expansión cada vez más difusa y fragmentada de los suburbios. Esta dicotomía entre ciudad compacta y ciudad dispersa parece mostrar procesos singulares en el caso de la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires. A partir de los años dos mil, se han ralentizado los nuevos lanzamientos de urbanizaciones cerradas y, paralelamente, han comenzado a manifestarse algunos casos de revitalización de antiguas subcentralidades del sur de la metrópolis, que habían entrado en una fase de estancamiento y deterioro desde mediados de los años setenta, y actualmente experimentan una aceleración de la producción de vivienda multifamiliar de calidad. Este trabajo explora y muestra algunas experiencias concretas de esta tendencia, con la hipótesis que, al menos en Buenos Aires, los procesos de transformación y reestructuración metrolitana muestran complejidades y diversidades según los contextos temporales y territoriales que se analicen. The large Latin American cities are currently experiencing two convergent socio-territoria transformation processes: the densification and verticalization of central areas, and the increasingly diffuse and fragmented suburban expansion. This dichotomy between the compact city and the dispersed city seems to show unique features in the case of the metropolitan region of Buenos Aires. After the 2000s, the expansion of gated communities has slowed down and at the same time some old subcentralities in the South of the metropolis have begun to revitalize. Since the mid-1970s, they had entered a phase of stagnation and deterioration, and at present the production of quality multifamily housing is rapidly growing. This paper reflects on this trend and show some concrete experiences. Our hypothesis is that in Buenos Aires the process of metropolitan transformation and restructuring show complexities and diversities that are tied to the temporal and territorial contexts, which are analysed.

Este trabajo analiza las características del complot antirrevolucionario conocido como ‘La Conspiración de Álzaga’ y sus implicancias políticas y sociales en la sociedad porteña. Se establece el perfil social de los acusados, la trama de relaciones sociales que les permitía actuar como grupo y los motivos que los llevó a conspirar contra la Revolución. Asimismo, se examina el accionar del Gobierno en la represión de la conspiración y su actitud tomada frente a la participación de las clases populares en perseguir y exigir castigo a los ‘españoles europeos’. Por último, se analizan los modos y motivos de participación de numerosos miembros de las clases populares porteñas en el proceso judicial, sus relaciones con el grupo de españoles acusados y con el Gobierno revolucionario y sus agentes. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the anti-revolutionary plot known as the ‘Álzaga Conspiracy’, as well as its political and social implications in the River Plate society. It delineates the social profile of the accused individuals, the mesh of social relations allowing them to act as a group, and the reasons leading them to conspire against the Revolution. In addition, it examines the government´s actions towards suffocating the conspiracy, and its position as regards the participation of popular classes in pursuing and demanding punishment for Europeans Spaniards. Finally, it analyzes the ways and reasons for the participation of various members of the River Plate popular classes in the judicial procedure, their relations with the group of Spaniards accused and with the revolutionary government and its agents.

This study analyzes the emergence and operation of the Urban Guard (in portugueses, GU) of Buenos Aires, (2004 and 2007), as a police communitary resulting of the reorganization of local government autonomy. This process resulted in a dual model of policing in the city, represented by GU in contraposition to the national security forces, more centralist and verticalized. This paper investigates the implications of GU in the dispute for police authority in the city and a particular historical way of security building: citizen safety. This duality represents a possible compromise between national interests and those of the city. The paper concludes with reflections on the crisis of this dual model, the redefinition of the security problem and the demands of a local "own police". It indicates that it is in the duality of security that an Urban Guard is understood, as a proximity policing that complements but does not replace the old police.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the diversity of social norms involves in housing occupation from an ethographic perspective. Since the occupation of abandoned property is a common practice among people of low income especially in central and southern neighborhoods of Buenos Aires, the article focuses and discuss the scope of the concept of informal market through the study of the governing economic exchange in those residentials areas.

From early December 1852 until mid-July 1853, Buenos Aires was immersed in an internal war resulting from a rebellion presided over by the federal military officers and seconded by the militias and neighbours from a great part of the countryside. The conflict broke out after the so-called "September 11th Revolution" that originally demanded the resignation of Valentín Alsina and the end of the war. During the duration of the conflict, the forces of the Federal Army and the National Guard of the city were mobilized and organized for a war that took place in several fronts: the city, the towns and the border. The indigenous factions were also part of the battle on both sides. In this paper we propose to analyze indigenous strategies in the context of the war that swept Buenos Aires. Above all, to study the areas affected by the “malones”: the economic costs, the organization of the incursions as well as the consequences they provoked. We conclude that the different groups had their own strategies—both negotiation and open confrontation—that they took advantage of in their favour in a context of institutional fragility and socio-political change. The economic costs of the incursions were extremely important for the south of the province of Buenos Aires, especially the loss of livestock. The sources are varied and come mainly from the correspondence generated during the siege and organized in different repositories of the Archivo General de la Nación (AGN) and Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (AHPBA): Farini Archive, State of Buenos Aires, Urquiza Archive, Body 13 of Escribanía Mayor de Gobierno (EMG), Peace Court and Lagos File.

Este trabajo examina el sermón patriótico pronunciado por Francisco Castañeda en la Catedral de Buenos Aires en el año 1815. Este mensaje religioso resulta de suma importancia porque hay varias cuestiones que rodean de misterio ese acto patriótico. En primer lugar, el marco europeo de restauración incide en la política local y hace sumamente difícil encontrar a n hombre de la Iglesia para que ofrezca esa palabra. En segundo lugar, esa misma situación internacional es un buen momento para probar si realmente se puede apelar a la idea de independencia. Nuestro trabajo pretende mostrar por qué las autoridades eligieron a Castañeda y por qué éste pronuncia un sermón ambiguo en algunos aspectos y concreto en otros. Abstract This paper examines the patriotic sermon delivered by Francisco Castaneda in the Cathedral of Buenos Aires in 1815.This religious message is extremely important because there are several issues surrounding with mystery this patriotic act. First, the European framework for restoration affects local politics and has made them extremely difficult to find a man of the church to provide that words. Second, that same international situation is a good time to test the idea of independence. Our work aims to show why the authorities chose to Castañeda and why he makes a sermon in some respects ambiguous and concrete in others.

This paper analyzes the disputes that took place in rural towns during the Buenos Aires Campaign for the control of military commands. We seek to identify the opportunities that arose during the revolutionary process to transform the local government in a context of deep contradictions between the will of the upper government to control the campaign, and the aspirations of self-government of the towns. Through this, we identify some of the components of the political cultures that were a product of a singular combination and selective appropriation of colonial traditions and revolutionary discourses.

En este trabajo me centraré en la perfomance teatral Afrolatinoamericanas..., realizada en el Museo de la Mujer de Buenos Aires a finales del año 2010 por un grupo de teatro dedicado a la tematización de la afrodescendencia en la Argentina, un país que hasta hoy día sigue considerándose blanco-europeo y que sostiene que la población de descendientes de esclavizados/as africanos/as ha desaparecido. El análisis de la puesta en escena de dicha obra, en conjunto con el de fuentes históricas, permitirá establecer ciertas relaciones de continuidad entre las situaciones de exposición, objetivación y estereotipación surgidas en Europa y algunos de los lineamientos en que se fueron sustentando las representaciones raciales/sexuales para las mujeres socialmente negras en la Argentina. Haciendo hincapié en la reutilización y crítica producida en la performance de estos elementos propondré repensar a esta intervención artístico-política de autorepresentación como una plataforma privilegiada para su desafío.In this paper I will focus on the theatrical performance Afrolatinoamericanas... held in the Women's Museum of Buenos Aires in 2010 by a theater group that focuses on the visibilization of Afro descendants in Argentina, a nation that continues to define itself as white-European and specifies that the population of descendants of enslaved people of African origin have disappeared. The analysis of the staging of that performance, together with some historical sources, will help me establish continuity relations between exposure situations, objectification and stereotyping emerged in Europe and some of the guidelines that were sustaining the racialized/sexualized representations for black women in Argentina. Emphasizing the critical reutilization of some of these elements, I will propose to rethink this artistic-political intervention of self-representation as a privileged platform for challenging stereotypes.

Se presenta una lista con las 32 especies de Heteroptera colectadas con trampas de caída en el INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) Delta del Paraná (Partido de Campana, Buenos Aires). Se mencionan como primer registro para la provincia a 2 especies: Fulvius bisbistillatus (Stål) (Miridae) y Pselliopus ornaticeps (Stål) (Reduviidae). Se realizó un análisis de correlación de rangos de Spearman (r) y un análisis de correspondencia, con el fin de evaluar la variación espacial y temporal de las comunidades de heterópteros de los distintos usos de la tierra seleccionados.A list of 32 species of Heteroptera captured with pitfall traps at INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) Delta del Paraná (Partido de Campana, Buenos Aires) is presented in this paper. Two species are mentioned as a first record for the province: Fulvius bisbistillatus (Stål) (Miridae) and Pselliopus ornaticeps (Stål) (Reduviidae). Also an analysis of Spearman rank correlation (r) and correspondence analysis is made, to assess the spatial and temporal variation of Heteroptera communities of different selected land uses.

The aim of this paper is to outline – in the work of Washington Cucurto, pseudonym of Santiago Vega – the literary representations of a contemporary Buenos Aires marked by the experience of immigration. Even if the production of a new language and a new geographic and literary space for the city places Cucurto in the tradition of modern literature, the way his work restate that experience implies a innovative approach to the immigration phenomenon.

El presente artículo forma parte de un proyecto de investigación sobre los afrodescendientes de Buenos Aires durante el siglo XVII: la trata negrera, las formas de vida, la religión y la cultura. Para realizarlo se han revisado los primeros 25 tomos (el lapso 1600-1640) de las Escribanías Antiguas (1584-1756), en el Archivo General de la Nación, en Buenos Aires, en especial testamentos y cartas de libertad otorgados durante el período. Se exploran así las diferentes modalidades que adoptó la manumisión de esclavos porteños.This paper integrates a project of investigation of the African people of Buenos Aires during the seventeenth century: the process of forced migration, ways of living, religion and culture. The firsts 25 volumes (the period 1600-1640) of the Escribanías Antiguas (1584-1756) have seen revised at the Archivo General de la Nación, in Buenos Aires, especially the wills and the manumission of the slaves. In this sense, the article explores the experience of freedom of the afro-porteños.

Esta publicación constituye un aporte al conocimiento del elenco oribatológico en suelos de Argentina, basado en relevamientos realizados en un parque urbano de la ciudad de La Plata, Buenos Aires. Se informan dos nuevas citas de géneros, una de subgénero y siete de especies para el país. Además, cinco de las especies halladas serían nuevas para la ciencia. Se incorporan ocho géneros y siete especies a las registradas para la Provincia de Buenos Aires.This paper is a contribution to the knowledge of assemblages of oribatid mites in soils of Argentina. The study is based on samples from an urban forest in the city of La Plata, Buenos Aires. New records for the country are provided for two genera, one subgenus and seven species. Furthermore, five of the species found are possibly new to science. Eight genera and seven species are incorporated to the record of the Buenos Aires province.

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis comparativo de la semiosis del espacio urbano en cinco poemarios publicados recientemente en la ciudad de Buenos Aires: Aquel corazón descamisado (2002) de Luis Tedesco, El carrito de Eneas (2003) de Daniel Samoilovich, La rebelión del instante (2005) de Diana Bellessi, Solos y solas (2005) de Tamara Kamenszain y Poemas del sin trabajo (2007) de Eduardo Mileo. En todos ellos se textualizan voces, miradas e itinerarios que atraviesan la ciudad contemporánea, apelando a una gran diversidad de imágenes, tópicos y estrategias discursivas. La tríada conceptual crisis-deconstrucción-empatía permitirá leer en conjunto diferentes modalidades en que los textos poéticos traducen y reenvían a las complejidades del imaginario social.This paper aims to compare the semiosis of urban space in five books of poems recently published in the city of Buenos Aires: Aquel corazón descamisado (2002) of Luis Tedesco, El carrito de Eneas (2003) of Daniel Samoilovich, La rebelión del instante (2005) of Diana Bellessi, Solos y solas (2005) of Tamara Kamenszain, and Poemas del sin trabajo (2007) of Eduardo Mileo. All of them present voices, sights and itineraries of the contemporary city by means of a wide range of images, topics and discursive strategies. The conceptual triad crisis-deconstruction-empathy will allow the systematization of different ways in which poetic texts translate and refer to the complexities of the social imaginary.

En la presente nota se describen materiales asignables a la familia de Siluriformes Trichomycteridae, los cuales exhiben una serie de caracteres osteológicos que permiten referirlos a la subfamilia Trichomycterinae. Estos elementos consisten en un opercular e interopercular pertenecientes a un mismo individuo, procedentes del Plioceno Inferior-Medio de la Formación Monte Hermoso en la localidad de Farola de Monte Hermoso, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Este registro constituye el primer fósil reportado para la familia y unos de los pocos restos paleoictiológicos citados para la Formación Monte Hermoso.Some fossil remains referable to the siluriform family Trichomycteridae are described in this paper. These specimens exhibit a combination of characters that allow to include them within the subfamily Trichomycterinae. These elements consist on an opercular and interopercular of the same individual, collected in Lower-Middle Pliocene beds of the Monte Hermoso Formation, at the Farola de Monte Hermoso locality, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. This record constitutes the first fossil remains reported for the family, and one of the few paleoichthyological records for the Monte Hermoso Formation.

En este trabajo se menciona por primera vez a Pyrus communis L. (Rosaceae, Maloideae) como especie naturalizada en la Argentina en la provincia de Buenos Aires. Se describe e ilustra a la especie y se propone una clave para diferenciar los géneros de Maloideae presentes en la Argentina.In this paper Pyrus communis L. (Rosaceae, Maloideae) is reported for the first time naturalized in the province of Buenos Aires. A description, illustration of this species and a key of the Maloideae in Argentina are given.

En este trabajo se menciona por primera vez a Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) como especie naturalizada en la Argentina en las provincias de Buenos Aires y La Pampa. Se describe e ilustra a la especie.In this paper Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) is reported for the first time naturalized in the provinces of Buenos Aires and La Pampa (Argentina). A description and ilustration of this species are given.

En este trabajo se propone un índice climático para estimar el riesgo de ocurrencia de erosión eólica basado en las leyes físicas que cuantifican el efecto de la agresión del medio (turbulencia atmosférica) sobre la resistencia del sistema (textura del suelo). Este indicador es obtenido en función de observaciones meteorológicas estándar a partir de un modelo que incluye la alteración del perfil vertical del viento ocasionada por la presencia de partículas de suelo en el aire y es expresado en términos de la probabilidad de que la potencia del viento supere las condiciones umbrales para el comienzo del proceso. Si bien el índice fue obtenido para suelo seco y desnudo, la metodología permite avanzar hacia un modelo de evaluación de riesgo más general, si se determinan previamente los valores de velocidad de fricción umbral que corresponden a distintas condiciones que afectan la resistencia del suelo tales como la humedad del suelo, el contenido de materia orgánica, cobertura y uso de la tierra. Este modelo ha sido utilizado para evaluar la distribución espacial del riesgo de erosión eólica en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.This paper proposes a climatic index to estimate the wind erosion risk based upon physical laws that quantify the effect of environment's aggression (atmospheric turbulence) on system resistance (soil texture). This index is obtained as a function of standard meteorological observations including the alteration of the wind profile produced by the presence of soil particles in the air and it is expressed in terms of the probability for the wind power to exceed the threshold conditions. Although this index was obtained for dry and bare soil, it may mean an advance towards a more general model for risk evaluation if other factors intervening in soil resistance, such as soil humidity, organic material content, land cover and use are included. This model has been used to evaluate the spatial distribution of the wind erosion risk in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

El propósito de este texto es describir y analizar dos estrategias del denominado «turismo cultural», una relacionada con la nación argentina y la otra, con la ciudad de Buenos Aires. En este sentido, se trata de reflexionar críticamente acerca de la categoría «turismo cultural» considerando, por un lado, la relación cultura-turismo (Secretaría de Cultura y Secretaria de Turismo de la Nación) en lo que fuera la etapa de la Alianza, así como la relación turismo-devaluación en el último año; y, por el otro, su contracara, la redefinida «política de lugares» que el gobierno de la ciudad de Buenos Aires ha venido desarrollando. A partir del análisis de estas dos estrategias, interesa observar la construcción de mapas que, a pesar de ser diferentes, tienen como referente el «turismo cultural» y son una apuesta fuertemente basada en la cultura y en recursos como el patrimonio y las actividades relacionadas con la «alta cultura» y la «territorialización de la cultura». Con eje en la «naturalización» ce itinerarios y circuitos preexistentes, se promueven estereotipos, al mismo tiempo que se procura la consolidación de identidades «positivas» que contribuyan a la mejor venta del país y la ciudad. Por tanto, interesa reflexionar acerca del lugar del turismo en contextos en que las políticas continúan centrándose en la relevancia del campo de la cultura. Asimismo, es nuestro objetivo analizar el papel del turismo en escenarios de coyuntura de «crisis», en la medida en que el mismo es resignificado en tomo a la constitución de relaciones netamente comerciales con la sociedad receptora, haciendo caso omiso a la existencia de «territorialidades de conflicto» o bien de «externalidades negativas» y colocando al turista en situación de «extranjeridad exótica» frente a ciudadanos que se debaten entre tensiones propias del país y de la ciudad. En este sentido, ¿cómo es posible forjar políticas/planes de «turismo cultural» cuando las «estéticas de la autenticidad» (Géraud 2002) son las «estéticas del conflicto»? ¿Es posible relacionar políticas de la cultura con políticas de turismo -tal como fuera ideado por el gobierno de la Alianza? ¿Cómo recrear «turismo cultural» en épocas en que la devaluación de la moneda es el mayor atractivo «cultura» del país y la ciudad? The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse two strategies of «cultural tourism» related to (1) the Argentinian nation and (2) the city of Buenos Aires. In this sense, I intend to critically reflexionate on the term «cultural tourism» in connection to culture tourism and the relation between tourism-devaluation of the last year and its other side «politics of places» that the Buenos Aires City Government has been putting into effect. From the analyses of these two strategies, I draw different maps that have as common reference «cultural tourism», but they are a bet strongly based on culture and other resources such as patrimony and activities related to «high culture» and «culture territorialization». Based on the itinerary «naturalization» and pre-existent circuits there is stereotype promotion as well as the consolidation of «positive» identities that con tribute to the better selling of the country and the city. Another objective is to analyse the role of tourism in scenarios of «crisis» in the way it is linked to marketing relations with the receptive society, without paying attention to the «conflicting territories» or the «negative externalities», leaving the tourist as an «exotic externality» in front of people worried of the political tensions of the country and of the city. How is it possible to design policies/plans of «cultural tourism» when the «authenticity aesthetics» are the «aesthetics of conflict»? Is it possible to relate cultural policies with tourism policies? How to recreate «cultural tourism» in times when the currency devaluation is the greatest «cultural» attractive of Argentina?

In this paper we analyze the formation of the land market during the expansion of the frontier of the province of Buenos Aires from a local comparative perspective, studying Chascomús and Junín areas. We postulate that the constitution of the land market in the Buenos Aires province was a gradual process that began only when the the lands defended by the forts of the internal border were populated and were established certain security guarantees for private property.En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar la formación del mercado de tierras durante la expansión de la frontera de la provincia de Buenos Aires a partir de un enfoque local comparado, estudiando los partidos de Chascomús y Junín. Postulamos que la constitución del mercado de tierras en la campaña bonaerense fue un proceso gradual, que se inició apenas comenzaron a poblarse las tierras defendidas por los fuertes de la frontera interior y se establecieron ciertas garantías de seguridad para la propiedad privada.