32 results
Search Results
2. [Satisfaction, index of body mass and its influence on physical self-concept].
- Author
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Fernández Guerrero M, Feu Molina S, Suárez Ramírez M, and Suárez Muñoz Á
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Body Mass Index, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Obesity, Schools, Spain, Students, Surveys and Questionnaires, Body Image psychology, Body Weight, Overweight psychology, Personal Satisfaction, Self Concept
- Abstract
Objective: Over the past decade, overweight and childhood obesity has increased markedly, and children are therefore dissatisfied with their body image due to the beauty canons established in today's society. The purpose of this paper was to examine the level of obesity and body satisfaction based on sociodemographic and contextual variables of the educational center as well as the relationship they have with the physical self-concept on a sample of primary school and compulsory secondary school students city of Badajoz., Methods: The instruments used in the study were the questionnaire of Physical Self-concept (CAF) and questionnaire of Bodily Silhouettes., Results: The study involved 1,093 schoolchildren aged between 11 and 14 years old (M = 11.6) from 19 educational centers., Conclusions: There is a high percentage of overweight students (20%) and a high percentage of satisfied students with their body image (79%). Regarding the relationship between the level of obesity and body satisfaction with sociodemographic and contextual variables we can see how obesity presents significant differences depending on the nature of the center and the educational offer. On the other hand, the correlation analyzes carried out reveal significant differences between the level of obesity and body dissatisfaction with some scales of physical self-concept. You can also observe significant differences between the level of obesity of the school with body dissatisfaction (more cases than expected of students satisfied with their body image with normal weight and fewer cases than expected of students satisfied with their body image with overweight and obesity)., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
- Published
- 2019
3. Body image in persons with gender dysphoria.
- Author
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Rabito Alcón MF and Rodríguez Molina JM
- Subjects
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Personal Satisfaction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Beauty, Body Image psychology, Gender Dysphoria psychology, Transsexualism psychology
- Abstract
Background: For subjects with gender dysphoria, body image is an important aspect of their condition. These people sometimes exhibit a strong desire to change their primary and secondary sexual characteristics. In addition, idealization of beauty has grown in importance and it may increase body dissatisfaction. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether body dissatisfaction in people with gender dysphoria is similar to that in clinical population or if it is more similar to that which may appear in general population. We also looked at gender differences in body dissatisfaction., Methods: A set of questionnaires was administered to patients with gender dysphoria: Eating Attitudes Test (EAT- 26), body dissatisfaction sub-scale of Eating disorder inventory-two (EDI-2) and IMAGEN questionnaire., Results: In the case of body dissatisfaction subscale of Eating disorder inventory-two with a cut-off 11; body dissatisfaction in our sample was close to the level presented in clinical population. However, using cut-off points 14 and 16, they exhibited a body dissatisfaction level that was similar to the general population. The same occurred for the IMAGEN questionnaire. No gender differences were found when looking at the level of dissatisfaction., Conclusions: The data seem to indicate that people with gender dysphoria would be at an intermediate point in relation to body dissatisfaction between general population and clinical population; in both female and male transsexuals. It seems that some level of body dissatisfaction may be perceived in relation to the ideal of beauty, but this dissatisfaction is significantly lower than in clinical populations.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. [Odds ratio between sociocultural factors, body dissatisfaction, and body mass index in university students of Hidalgo, Mexico].
- Author
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Zaragoza Cortes J, Saucedo-Molina Tde J, and Fernández Cortés TL
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cultural Characteristics, Female, Humans, Male, Mexico, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Students statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Body Image, Body Mass Index, Personal Satisfaction, Students psychology
- Abstract
After to identify risky factors involved in the prediction and prevention of eating disorders (ED), in a sample of university males and females students from an urban setting in Hidalgo. Mexico; the main purpose of this paper was to reaffirm the following assumptions: 1) Dissatisfaction with body shape is closely related to both, the influence of sociocultural factors as Body Mass Index (BMI); 2) The participating women reported more dissatisfaction with body shape, indicating greater influence of sociocultural factors than men.Transversal, descriptive and association field research was carried out in a sample of 490 students (57% females. 43% males), from 16 to 30 years old (X(-) = 19.63, SD = +/- 2.11). Multidimensional self-reported questionnaire were applied. BMI was obtained by measuring each subject's weight and height. Regarding the impact association measures obtained by Odds Ratio, there were significant association (p < 0.05) between high BMI and body image dissatisfaction. Also, statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) were found between body dissatisfaction and sociocultural factors (distress because of body image, influence of advertising, and influence of verbal messages), and between BMI and these latter, where men showed a higher risk. Findings suggest that body dissatisfaction in women, and BMI, specifically overweight in men, act like key agents of the impact of sociocultural factors in the researched sample.
- Published
- 2011
5. [Sex differences in body image, weight control and Body Mass Index of Spanish adolescents].
- Author
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Ramos Valverde P, Rivera de Los Santos F, and Moreno Rodríguez C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Sex Factors, Spain, Body Image, Body Mass Index, Body Weight
- Abstract
Sex differences in body image, weight control and Body Mass Index of Spanish adolescents. This research paper studied the differences among 21,811 adolescents (between the ages of 11 and 18) in key variables in the development of eating disorders, including the Body Mass Index, the perception of and satisfaction with their body image, and the behaviours used to control weight. In spite of the fact that the girls had a better adjusted BMI and a lesser degree of overweight and obesity, we found that they perceived themselves as being fatter, were less satisfied with body image, and the ones who dieted the most to lose weight. On the other hand, we found that the main reason for boys and girls to diet in an effort to lose weight was not their real body weight, but rather their perception of their own bodies, followed by just how satisfied they were with their bodies. Therefore, important differences are revealed between boys and girls in this article, which must be taken into consideration in the design and development of the various programs that are aimed at the prevention of problems with body image and diet behaviour.
- Published
- 2010
6. [Body dissatisfaction in Latin and Spanish adolescents].
- Author
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Rodríguez S and Cruz S
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Body Mass Index, Culture, Esthetics, Female, Humans, Latin America, Male, Spain, Surveys and Questionnaires, Body Image, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Personal Satisfaction
- Abstract
The present paper has two aims: firstly to analyse and compare body dissatisfaction of Spanish and Latin adolescents, and secondly to determine the impact of sociocultural factors and Body Mass Index (BMI) on dissatisfaction. The sample is made up of 403 adolescents, 191 Spaniards and 212 Latin-Americans, all of them students in Basque Country high schools. They were assessed by the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), the CIMEC-26 (a questionnaire designed to assess the influence of the aesthetic body model), and the BMI. The results show that the Latin adolescents have a higher level of body dissatisfaction than the Spanish. This is due to the greater influence in the Latin adolescents of sociocultural factors.
- Published
- 2008
7. O uso de escalas de silhuetas na avaliação da satisfação corporal de adolescentes: revisão sistemática da literatura El uso de escalas de siluetas en la evaluación de la satisfacción corporal de adolescentes: revisión sistemática de la literatura Silhouette scales and body satisfaction in adolescents: a systematic literature review
- Author
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Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa, Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche, Adriana Lúcia Meireles, Marcela Guimarães Côrtes, and César Coelho Xavier
- Subjects
Imagen Corporal ,Adolescent ,Metanálisis ,Imagem Corporal ,Adolescente ,Metanálise ,Body Image ,Meta-Analysis ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
O objetivo foi sintetizar estudos sobre satisfação corporal de adolescentes, com foco no uso da escala de silhuetas. Realizaram-se buscas nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e SciELO, além de teses e dissertações. Foram consideradas 36 publicações nacionais e internacionais. A escala mais utilizada foi a de Stunkard et al., e as imagens foram apresentadas em ordem ascendente, em folha única e autoaplicada. A maioria comparou satisfação versus insatisfação, pelo teste qui-quadrado, e não considerou possíveis variáveis de confusão. Dentre os 18 estudos incluídos na meta-análise, a prevalência de insatisfação variou de 32,2% a 83%, sendo observada não só grande heterogeneidade entre eles (valor de p = 0,000; I² = 87,39), mesmo estratificando-se em subgrupos, como também ausência de informações metodológicas relevantes. Recomenda-se maior rigor na aplicação das escalas e na apresentação dos métodos de estudos sobre a satisfação corporal avaliada pela escala de silhuetas, além da condução de novas investigações metodológicas assim como aqueles que elucidem os fatores relacionados à satisfação corporal.El objetivo fue sintetizar estudios sobre satisfacción corporal de adolescentes, centrándose en el uso de la escala de siluetas. Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos MEDLINE, LILACS y SciELO, además de tesis y disertaciones. Se consideraron 36 publicaciones nacionales e internacionales. La escala más utilizada fue la de Stunkard et al., y las imágenes fueron presentadas en orden ascendente, en una hoja única y autoaplicada. La mayoría comparó satisfacción versus insatisfacción, por el test chi-cuadrado, y no consideró posibles variables de confusión. Entre los 18 estudios incluidos en el meta-análisis, la prevalencia de insatisfacción varió de un 32,2% a un 83%, siendo observada no solo una gran heterogeneidad entre ellos (valor de p = 0,000; I² = 87,39), incluso estratificándose en subgrupos, sino también una ausencia de información metodológica relevantes. Se recomienda un mayor rigor en la aplicación de las escalas y en la presentación de los métodos de estudios sobre la satisfacción corporal evaluada por la escala de siluetas, además de la realización de nuevas investigaciones metodológicas, así como aquellas que diluciden los factores relacionados con la satisfacción corporal.The purpose of this study was to summarize studies on adolescents' body satisfaction, focusing on the use of silhouette scales. A systematic review was carried out on MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, and in unpublished papers. The final analysis included 36 studies. The majority adopted the scale proposed by Stunkard et al., self-administered, presented in ascending order and on a single sheet of paper. Most studies compared characteristics on satisfaction and dissatisfaction, used the chi-square test, and did not test for confounding. Among 18 studies included in the meta-analysis, prevalence of body dissatisfaction ranged from 32.2% to 83%. The review showed wide heterogeneity between studies (p-value = 0.000; I² = 87.39) even after sub-group analysis and the absence of relevant information for proper comparison of studies. The article concludes by recommending greater rigor in application of the scales and presentation of study methods on body satisfaction assessed by silhouette scales, in addition to new methodological studies and those that elucidate factors related to body satisfaction.
- Published
- 2013
8. [Perception of your body. A psychoanalytical approach].
- Author
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Tubert Oklander J
- Subjects
- Humans, Psychoanalytic Interpretation, Body Image, Self Concept
- Abstract
This paper discusses body-perception from a psychoanalytic point of view. Ia attempts a "totalizing" view of human behavior which integrates the whole of perception-thought-action-perception as a single process of organism-environment interaction. The underlying episthemological framework implies the rejection of lineal causal deterministic explanations in favor of a dynamic conception, in terms of feed-back mechanisms. Thus it discards the various false oppositions between "body-perception" and "object-perception"; and between cognition, affectivity and connation. The former is resolved through the recognition of the fact that perception is always a comparative process, which results from the organism-environment interaction. The comparative element for body-perception is the dynamic unconsious body scheme. The latter opposition is resolved through the application of the basic psychoanalytic model, which integrates the primary models for cognition, affectivity and connation.
- Published
- 1978
9. Alterity of the body of the elderly: estrangement and pain in Public Health/Alteridade do corpo do velho: estranhamento e dor na Saude Coletiva
- Author
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dos Santos, Wagner Jorge, Giacomin, Karla Cristina, and Firmo, Joselia Oliveira Araujo
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. La posición socio económica en el campo de la actividad física y su relación con la imagen corporal : Aproximación desde el enfoque determinantes/ determinación social de la salud
- Author
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Babativa-Rodríguez, Oscar Eduardo and Cortés-García, Claudia-Margarita
- Subjects
Posición socioeconómica ,construcción social del conocimiento ,determinación social de la salud ,determinantes sociales en salud ,health disease ,Physical activity ,Entrenamiento ,Promoción de salud ,Imagen corporal ,actividad física ,Ejercicio ,Socioeconomic position ,Social determinants of health ,Body Image ,Health social determinants ,Educación física ,Aspectos sociales [Imagen corporal] ,Social construction of knowledge ,salud-enfermedad - Abstract
El presente trabajo analiza la definición de la categoría posición socioeconómica (PSE) y las variables con las cuales se representa en los productos académicos del campo de la actividad física, además de su relación con la categoría de imagen corporal. Para lograr el objetivo, se rastrean elementos que permiten dar cuenta si los documentos de investigación se abordan desde alguno de los dos contextos: determinantes (DDSS) o determinación social de la salud (DSS). Se inicia con un rastreo global por medio de los motores de búsqueda, las bases de datos y los repositorios institucionales. Posteriormente se parametriza la ruta, desde las categorías imagen corporal (IC) y PSE. Las investigaciones pretenden dar cuenta de la evaluación a 15 años del programa "Salud para Todos" de la ONU de 2001, en el marco de los Objetivos Del Milenio. Se revisaron resúmenes de los productos, descartando aquellos donde la categoría PSE o sus descriptores asociados tuvieran un papel secundario. Se limitó a Latinoamérica y España por su tradición histórica colonizadora; con el ánimo de conocer la postura de esta comunidad frente al proceso globalizado de la salud en el mundo. Al grupo final se le aplican criterios parametrizados a partir de la revisión teórica, para responder los interrogantes basados en las implicaciones que tiene la PSE en el pensamiento actual de la producción científica en el campo de la actividad física; y cómo las otras categorías de análisis se ven o no manifiestas. El índice de calidad científica CASPe, determina la pertinencia de los textos. En el aspecto teórico, se encuentra que la categoría PSE, a pesar de ser muy utilizada, tiene una conceptualización difusa. Por tal motivo, se propone una definición de PSE sustentada en el pensamiento sociológico. En el aspecto empírico, al rastrear las variables con que se reemplaza la PSE en las investigaciones, se encuentran grandes diferencias y el uso de múltiples y disímiles subcategorías. This paper analyzes the definition of the category socioeconomic status (PSE) and the variables which is represented in academic products in the field of physical activity in addition to its relationship with body image category. determinants (DDSS) or social determinants of health (DSS): To achieve the objective, elements that allow account if research papers are addressed from one of the two contexts are tracked. It starts with a global tracking through search engines, databases and institutional repositories. Then the path is parameterized, from body image categories (IC) and PSE. The research aims to account for the assessment to 15 years of Health for All program 2001 UN within the framework of the Millennium Development Goals. summaries of products were reviewed, discarding those where the PSE category or its associated descriptors have a secondary role. He just Latin America and Spain for its colonial historical tradition; with the aim of knowing the position of this community to the global process of health in the world. The final group parameterised criteria are applied from the theoretical review, to answer the questions based on the implications of the PSE in the current thinking of the scientific production in the field of physical activity; and how the other categories of analysis are obvious or not. The scientific quality index CASPe, determines the relevance of the texts. On the theoretical side, we find that PSE category, despite being widely used, has a fuzzy conceptualization. Therefore, a definition of PSE supported by the sociological thought is proposed. On the empirical side, by tracking variables that the PSE is replaced in the investigations, there are large differences and the use of multiple and disparate subcategories. El autor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Contribuições de Fisher para a compreensão do desenvolvimento da percepção corporal Contribuciones de Fisher para la comprensión del desarrollo de la percepción corporal The development of the body perception, according to Fisher
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Patrícia Russo Leite Ribeiro, Maria da Consolação Gomes Cunha Fernandes Tavares, and Aletha Silva Caetano
- Subjects
Percepción corporal ,Imagen corporal ,Desarrollo psicomotor ,Percepção corporal ,Imagem corporal ,Desenvolvimento psicomotor ,Body perception ,Body image ,Psychomotor development ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as ideias de Fisher sobre o desenvolvimento da percepção corporal, através da abordagem da imagem corporal. Foram consultados três livros publicados por Fisher, que não são traduzidos para a língua portuguesa. Fisher propôs que a habilidade de perceber o espaço do próprio corpo se inicia na infância, por meio das primeiras experiências corporais, evoluindo para avaliações cada vez mais complexas e processos de diferenciação eu-mundo. O conceito de fronteiras corporais proposto pelo autor complementa essas ideias. Os padrões de percepção corporal servem para específicos propósitos de defesa, pois vão informar se determinado estímulo deve ser evitado ou não. A abordagem da imagem corporal permite aos profissionais da educação e saúde atuarem de forma mais individualizada e humana.El objetivo de esta investigación es presentar las ideas de Fisher respecto al desarrollo de la percepción corporal, a través del abordaje de la imagen corporal. Fueron consultados tres libros publicados por Fisher, que no son traducidos para la lengua portuguesa. Fisher propuso que la habilidad de percibir el espacio del propio cuerpo se inicia en la infancia, por medio de las primeras experiencias corporales, evolucionando para evaluaciones cada vez más complejas y procesos de diferenciación YO-mundo. El concepto de fronteras corporales propuesto por el autor complementa esas ideas. Los patrones de percepción corporal sirven para específicos propósitos de defensa, puesto que van a informar si determinado estímulo debe ser evitado o no. El abordaje de la imagen corporal permite a los profesionales de la educación y salud actuaren de forma más individualizada y humana.The aim of this paper is present Fisher's ideas about the development of the body perception, by addressing body image. Three of the books written by Fisher, which were not translated to Portuguese, were used. Fisher proposed that the ability to percept the space of the own body begins in childhood, through the first body experiences, developing to more complex evaluations of the physical proprieties and self-world differentiation processes. The concept of bodily boundaries proposed by the author complements these ideas. The patterns of body perception serve specific purposes of defense, as they will inform whether a stimulus should be avoided or not. The body image approach allows health and education professionals to act in a more individualized and human way.
- Published
- 2012
12. Cuerpo y corporalidad en la paraplejia: significado de los cambios Corpo e corporalidade na paraplegia: significado das mudanças Body and embodiment in paraplegia: meaning of the changes
- Author
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María Elisa Moreno-Fergusson and María Consuelo del Pilar Amaya Rey
- Subjects
enfermería ,paraplejia ,imagen corporal ,rehabilitación ,teoría de enfermería ,traumatismo de la médula espinal ,enfermagem ,paraplegia ,imagem corporal ,reabilitação ,teoria de enfermagem ,Traumatismos da Medula Espinal ,Nursing ,body image ,rehabilitation ,nursing theory ,spinal cord injury ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Las lesiones de la médula espinal constituyen una experiencia devastadora para las personas, debido a las secuelas súbitas y permanentes que ocasionan a nivel motor, sensitivo y autónomo. Objetivo: describir los significados que tienen para las personas con paraplejia, secundaria a una lesión traumática de la médula espinal, los cambios en el cuerpo y la corporalidad. Método: el artículo es una parte de un estudio cualitativo de teoría fundamentada, guiado por los lineamientos de Corbin y Strauss (2008). La información se recolectó a través de 22 entrevistas de profundidad, con participantes vinculados a una institución hospitalaria mediante la estrategia de bola de nieve. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas y transcritas en su totalidad, y el proceso de recolección y análisis de los datos fue paralelo. Resultados: el estudio describe nueve categorías que reflejan el impacto de los cambios en el cuerpo y en la corporalidad en las personas con paraplejia. El análisis de los datos muestra que, con el tiempo, las personas adquieren consciencia de las secuelas, aprenden a reconocer los nuevos patrones de expresión de su cuerpo, desarrollan nuevas habilidades. Se amoldan al uso de equipos y aditamentos y descubren una nueva normalidad, cuando asimilan los cambios en el ser y se aceptan a sí mismas con la discapacidad. Los resultados guían a los profesionales de la salud en general y a los de enfermería en particular, para el cuidado encaminado a reconocer el nuevo cuerpo y reconstruir una nueva corporalidad.As lesões da medula espinal são uma experiência devastadora para as pessoas, por causa das sequelas súbitas e permanentes que causam ao nível motor, sensitivo e autônomo. Objetivo: descrever o significado que as mudanças no corpo e na corporalidade tem para pessoas paraplégicas. Método: o trabalho faz parte de um estudo qualitativo de teoria fundamentada, orientado pelas orientações de Corbin e Strauss (2008). A informação foi compilada através de 22 entrevistas em profundidade, com participantes vinculados a uma instituição hospitalar mediante a estratégia da bola de neve. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas totalmente, e o processo de compilação e análise de dados foi paralelo. Resultados: o estudo descreve nove categorias que refletem o impacto das mudanças no corpo e na corporalidade nas pessoas paraplégicas. A análise dos dados demonstra que, com o passo do tempo, as pessoas são mais cientes das seque-las, apreendem a reconhecer os novos padrões de expressão do corpo, desenvolvem novas habilidades, adaptam-se ao uso de equipamentos e acessórios e descobrem uma nova normalidade quando assimilam os câmbios e aceitam sua deficiência física. Os resultados orientam os professionais da saúde em geral e da enfermagem em particular para um cuidado voltado ao reconhecimento do novo corpo e à reconstrução duma nova corporalidade.Spinal cord injuries are a devastating experience for people due to sudden and permanent sequels caused in terms of movility, sensitivity and independence. Purpose: describe the meaning of changes in the body and embodiment for paraplegic persons. Method: the paper is part of a qualitative study of grounded theory, oriented by the guidelines of Corbin e Strauss (2008). Information was gathered through 22 in-depth interviews, with participants linked to a hospital institution through the snowball strategy. Interviews were recorded and typed in full, and the process of gathering and analyzing data was performed in parallel. Results: the study describes nine categories that reflect the impact of changes in the body and corporality of paraplegic persons. The analysis of data shows that, with the passing of time, people are more aware of the sequels, they learn to recognize new patterns of corporal expression, develop new skills, adapt themselves to the use of equipment and fittings and discover a new kind of normality when they embrace the changes and accept their physical handicap. The results guide health-care professionals, in general, and nurses, in particular, towards a practice of care aimed at recognizing the new body and reconstructing a new corporality.
- Published
- 2012
13. Implicações da mastectomia na sexualidade e imagem corporal da mulher e resposta da enfermagem perioperatória Implicaciones de la mastectomía en la sexualidad y en la imagen corporal de la mujer y la respuesta por parte de la enfermería perioperatoria Implications of mastectomy for women’s sexuality and body image and the response of perioperative nurses
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Patrícia da Assunção Fonseca Moniz, Ana Mafalda Fernandes, and Luís Oliveira
- Subjects
mastectomía ,sexualidad ,imagen corporal ,mastectomia ,sexualidade ,imagem corporal ,mastectomy ,sexuality ,body image ,Medicine ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Para a maioria das mulheres o cancro da mama e a sua frequente amputação fomenta o desenvolvimento de consequências negativas na sua imagem corporal e, por conseguinte, na sua sexualidade. A mama está intimamente relacionada com a identidade feminina, a maturidade, a sexualidade e a maternidade, pelo que o impacto da mastectomia nas mulheres parece ser evidente, emergindo desafios para a enfermagem perioperatória. Neste sentido, elaboramos este artigo cujo principal objetivo foi integrar e analisar dados de estudos realizados, contribuindo para uma melhor compreensão da conjuntura atual e promovendo a crescente qualidade dos cuidados prestados. Para o efeito, a pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: Medline com interface de pesquisa público PubMed, Cochrane Database of Sistematic Reviews, Reportório Científico de Acesso Aberto em Portugal e Cinahl; foram selecionados 6 estudos de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão definidos. Os resultados dos estudos analisados demonstram que a depreciação da imagem corporal está diretamente relacionada com a vivência da sexualidade, sendo que quanto mais mutilante for a cirurgia, maior será a depreciação da imagem corporal. Neste contexto as intervenções de enfermagem, particularmente de caráter informativo, são de extrema importância, pois facilitam os processos adaptativos.Para la mayoría de las mujeres, el cáncer de mama y su frecuente amputación conllevan al desarrollo de consecuencias negativas sobre su imagen corporal y, por consiguiente, en su sexualidad. La mama está íntimamente relacionada a la identidad femenina, a la madurez, a la sexualidad y a la maternidad, por lo que el impacto de la mastectomía en las mujeres parece ser evidente, lo cual induce desafíos para la enfermería perioperatoria. En este sentido, elaboramos este artículo cuyo principal objetivo fue integrar y analizar datos de estudios realizados, contribuyendo así a una mejor comprensión de la coyuntura actual y promoviendo la creciente calidad de los cuidados prestados. Para tal, la investigación fue realizada en las siguientes bases de datos: Medline con interfaz de búsqueda pública PubMed, Cochrane Database of Sistematic Reviews, Reportorio Científico de Acceso Abierto en Portugal y Cinahl, de las cuales 6 estudios fueron seleccionados de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión definidos. Los resultados de los estudios analizados demuestran que la depreciación de la imagen corporal está directamente relacionada con la vivencia de la sexualidad, siendo que cuanto más mutiladora haya sido la cirugía, mayor será la depreciación de la imagen corporal. En este contexto las intervenciones de enfermería, particularmente de carácter informativo, son de extrema importancia ya que facultan procesos adaptativos.For most women, breast cancer and the frequent amputation foster the development of a negative impact on their body image and, therefore, on their sexuality. The breast is closely related to female identity, maturity, sexuality and motherhood, so the impact of mastectomy on women seems to be clear, leading to challenges for perioperative nurses. Accordingly we produced this paper, whose main objective was to integrate and analyze data from studies, contributing to a better understanding of the current situation and promoting increased quality of care. To this end, research was undertaken using the following databases: Medline interfaced with PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Repertoire Open Access Scientific Portugal and CINAHL, from which 6 studies were selected according to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the studies analyzed show that depreciation of body image is directly related to the experience of sexuality such that the more mutilating the surgery, the greater the decline in body image. In this context, nursing interventions, particularly informative, are of extremely important, because they facilitate adaptive processes.
- Published
- 2011
14. Cuerpo, imagen y saberes alimentarios en infantes oaxaqueños, México: un primer acercamiento
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Gabriela Romero, Claudia Paz, and Sara Elena Pérez-Gil
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Perception ,body image ,popular knowledge ,food ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper is related to the anthropology of food and nutrition. Objective: identify how children wholive in semi-rural zone perceive their bodies and the differences between sexes. We selected boys and girls, between 8 and 12years, nutritional diagnosis was made with BMI and a questionnaire. Results: there is a preoccupation for his body and adesire to have a thinner body especially among girls, we detected a considerable underestimation of BMI among infants; boysassociated a healthy image with age and physical activity. About food, fat and sugars are harmful to health, unlike fruitsand vegetables. We insist in the necessity to continue such studies.
- Published
- 2011
15. Eating Disorders and Body Image in Adolescence: An Analysis of Scientific Literature in Psychology
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Renata Silva de Carvalho, Ana Carolina Soares Amaral, and Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira
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eating disorders ,body image ,adolescence ,female ,risk factors ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the Psychological scientific production about eating disorders and body image in adolescents from 2003 to 2007. The process became with an computerized search at the PsycInfo’s database, for it was used as keywords “body image”, “eating disorders”, and “adolescence”. From this search were extracted the abstracts and complements, which were organized into thematic categories purposed by Bardin (2008). The results allowed to identify that the number of publications remained stable over the years which has being analyzed, as well as United states and Australia were the countries that had the majority of articles published. The empirical studies had stress and were published in specialized papers of the area, as the Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention and the Eating and Weight Disorders. Among the subjects studied, there were highlights for the assessment of eating disorders’ risk factors, emphasizing the females and adolescent population.
- Published
- 2009
16. Actividad física, imagen corporal y condiciones de vida. Un abordaje teórico desde los determinantes y la determinación social de la salud
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Jiménez Rodríguez, Jeyner and Cortés-García, Claudia-Margarita
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Actividad Motora ,Physical activity ,body image ,Condiciones Sociales ,Promoción de salud ,Imagen corporal ,Determinantes sociales de la salud ,Living conditions ,Latin American social epidemiology ,Determinación social de salud ,Construcción social del conocimiento en salud ,Social construction of knowledge in health ,Social determinants of health ,Conductas Saludables ,Actividad física ,Condiciones de vida - Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la construcción social del conocimiento en Actividad física desde dos planteamientos teóricos de la salud centrando el análisis en la relación con la imagen corporal y las condiciones de vida. Se trata de un estudio teórico desde el análisis de contenido de corte narrativo de 98 artículos desarrollado en cinco etapas a través de: rastreo de documentos en bases de datos en el periodo 2000-2014, revisión de artículos, y análisis y hallazgos de significados, sentidos o contenidos. Como hallazgo importante se puede mencionar que en la literatura científica relacionada con la triada Actividad física-imagen corporal-condiciones de vida predomina la construcción del conocimiento a partir de modelos hegemónicos y dominantes que priorizan la intensidad, la frecuencia y el tiempo dedicado a la AF, la estandarización en la comparación de la apariencia física y la medición de elementos materiales en el modo de vivir de las personas, principalmente desde el abordaje de los determinantes sociales de la salud. Se concluye que es necesario revisar las poblaciones que incluyendo en los estudios al estar concentrados el conocimiento en solo unos grupos; así como se hace explícita la necesidad de revisar cuales son los aportes de la Educación Física y otras disciplinas (ciencias sociales) para una mayor comprensión teórica y práctica de la AF. The aim of this study was to analyze the social construction of knowledge in physical activity from two theoretical approaches to health focusing the analysis on the relationship with body image and living conditions. This is a theoretical study from the analysis narrative content of 98 articles cut developed in five stages through: Document tracking database in the period of 2000-2014, review articles, and analysis and findings of meanings, senses or contents. As important finding can be mentioned in the scientific literature related to the triad physical-picture activity body-living dominates the construction of knowledge from hegemonic and dominant models that prioritize the intensity, frequency and time spent on the AF, standardization in comparing physical appearance and measurement of material elements in the lifestyle of people, mainly from addressing the social determinants of health. It concludes that it is necessary to revise populations including studies to be concentrated in a few knowledge groups; and it made explicit the need to review which are the contributions of physical education and other disciplines (social sciences) for further A.F theoretical and practical understanding.
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Actividad física e imagen corporal: conceptos y enfoques desde la equidad-inequidad en salud
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González Castañeda, Jerónimo Leonardo and Cortés-García, Claudia-Margarita
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knowledge ,Promoción de salud ,Imagen corporal ,ciencia ,equity in health ,actividad física ,Actividad motora ,Ejercicio ,Body image ,tecnología y sociedad ,equidad en salud ,Educación física ,technology and society ,conocimiento - Abstract
Este trabajo rastrea el tratamiento dado a las categorías Actividad Física e Imagen Corporal en una selección de textos científicos del área de la salud; revisa la relación entre categorías y examina si en dichos textos son abordadas desde el enfoque de los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud o desde el enfoque de la Determinación Social de la Salud, usando la categoría de equidad como parámetro y explorando las implicaciones de ello. Su paradigma epistemológico es la construcción social del conocimiento y el eje metodológico el análisis de contenido. Los resultados muestran una construcción insipiente de las categorías, una relación diversa entre ellas y un privilegio del enfoque de los determinantes sociales de la salud en los textos académicos. Finalmente, el trabajo indaga sobre las implicaciones prácticas mediante un análisis de contenido de dos documentos de la OMS. Se concluye que en la práctica sí se reflejan las diferencias de enfoque. This work traces the treatment given to categories Physical Activity and Body Image categories in selected scientific texts of the area of health; reviews the relationship between categories and examines whether these texts are addressed from the perspective of the social determinants of health or the approach of the Social Determination of the Health, using the equity category as a parameter and exploring the implications of this. His epistemological paradigm is the social construction of knowledge and methodological axis content analysis. The results show an incipient construction of categories, a different relationship between them and the prevalence of social determinants approach in academic texts. Finally, the paper explores the practical implications by analyzing contents of two WHO documents. It is concluded that in practice this reflects the differences in approach.
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Anorexia nervosa: The body and commands from the social-superego
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Claudia Unikel-Santoncini, Bertha Blum-Grynberg, Bertha Elvia Taracena-Ruiz, and Sonia Patricia Murguía-Mier
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psicoanálisis ,psicanálise ,superyó ,cuerpo humano ,body image ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,imagem coporal ,General Social Sciences ,super-ego ,psychoanalysis ,anorexia nerviosa ,anorexia nervosa - Abstract
En este trabajo analítico y cualitativo presentamos los resultados de una investigación aplicada a cinco chicas con diagnóstico de anorexia nerviosa o trastorno alimentario no especificado. Utilizamos metodología de la sociología clínica en seis sesiones grupales y dos entrevistas individuales, para conocer las instancias psíquicas que se ponen en juego cuando la joven con anorexia nerviosa es capaz de lastimar su cuerpo tan gravemente, y continuar con esa dinámica a veces hasta la muerte. Encontramos que no las mueve un ideal de delgadez estético y que la enfermedad es regulada por el superyó, sostenida por lo que llamamos mandatos socialessuperyóicos, que son frases coaguladas -carentes de sentido-, que las instala en un fuera de control, como un regulador implacable, propiciando el dominio de la pulsión de muerte. This analytical and qualitative paper presents the results of work carried out with five girls previously diagnosed with anorexia nervosa or unspecified eating disorders. The study used a clinical sociology methodology in six group sessions and two individual interviews with the goal of understanding the psychological factors that allow young women with anorexia nervosa to damage their body so severely that in extreme cases they can kill themselves. The study found that instead of focusing on the ideal and aesthetics of being skinny, the disorder is regulated by what the authors have named ‘commands’ from the super-ego. These are phrases that aren’t rational and lead to a lack of self-control. These commands act as an unstoppable regulator and allow the death instinct to take over. O presente trabalho, analitico e qualitativo, apresenta os resultados de uma investigação com 5 meninas diagnosticadas nos quadros de anorexia nervosa ou transtorno alimentar não especificado. Aplicou-se a metodologia da sociologia clínica em seis sessões de grupo e duas entrevistas individuais a fim de avaliar as instâncias psíquicas que entram em jogo e que permitem que uma menina com anorexia nervosa seja capaz de ferir seu corpo de maneiras das mais severas e, mesmo já debilitada, continue nessa mesma dinâmica de automutilação, muitas vezes resultado na sua própria morte. Descobrimos que o que as move não é um ideal de magreza estética e que a doença é regulada pelo superego, apoiado em mandatos sociais-superegóicos - e.g. frases temáticas coaguladas no sujeito -, que acaba por ser um regulador implacável de pulsões, que se instalam em um fora de controle como um regulador implacável, propiciando o domínio da pulsão de morte.
- Published
- 2015
19. Efeitos de um programa de actividade física na imagem corporal de escolares com TDAH
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López Sánchez, Laura, López Sánchez, Guillermo Felipe, and Díaz Suárez, Arturo
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Physical Activity ,Elementary Education ,Educación Primaria ,Actividad Física ,Imagen Corporal ,Educação Física ,Educación Física ,Body Image ,Physical Education ,ADHD ,TDAH ,Imagem Corporal ,Actividade Física ,Educação Primária - Abstract
Este artículo se centra en estudiar los efectos de un programa de actividad física sobre la imagen corporal de un grupo de escolares con TDAH. Han participado 12 escolares (12 niños), entre los 7 y los 12 años de edad. La imagen corporal se ha medido mediante las siluetas de Stunkard. El procedimiento ha sido: pre-test, intervención y pos-test. La intervención ha consistido en 2 días a la semana de actividad física, 60 minutos al día, durante 12 semanas. Se han producido mejoras significativas en la imagen corporal (p=0,039). El programa utilizado es eficaz para mejorar la imagen corporal de niños con TDAH. This paper focuses on studying the effects of a physical activity program on body image of a group of schoolchildren with ADHD. This investigation involved 12 students (12 boys), aged between 7 and 12 years. The body image was measured by Stunkard's silhouettes. The procedure was as follows: pre-test, intervention and post-test. The intervention consisted of 2 days per week of physical activity, 60 minutes per day, during 12 weeks. There have been significant improvements in body image (p=0,039). The program used is effective to improve the body image of children with ADHD. Este artigo centra-se em estudar os efeitos de um programa de actividade física sobre a imagem corporal de um grupo de escolares com TDAH. Têm participado 12 escolares (12 meninos), entre os 7 e os 12 anos de idade. A imagem corporal mediu-se mediante as silhuetas de Stunkard. O procedimento tem sido: pré-teste, intervenção e pos-teste. A intervenção tem consistido em 2 dias à semana de actividade física, 60 minutos ao dia, durante 12 semanas. Produziram-se melhoras significativas na imagem corporal (p=0,039). O programa utilizado é eficaz para melhorar a imagem corporal de meninos com TDAH.
- Published
- 2015
20. Efeitos de um programa de actividade física na imagem corporal de escolares com tdah
- Author
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Arturo Díaz Suárez, Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez, and Laura López Sánchez
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159.9 - Psicología ,Body image ,Imagen Corporal ,Imágen corporal ,Physical activity ,79 - Diversiones. Espectáculos. Cine. Teatro. Danza. Juegos.Deportes ,Actividad física ,Imagem corporal ,Educación Física ,Actividade física ,TDAH ,Educación Primaria ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Este artículo se centra en estudiar los efectos de un programa de actividad física sobre la imagen corporal de un grupo de escolares con TDAH. Han participado 12 escolares (12 niños), entre los 7 y los 12 años de edad. La imagen corporal se ha medido mediante las siluetas de Stunkard. El procedimiento ha sido: pre-test, intervención y pos-test. La intervención ha consistido en 2 días a la semana de actividad física, 60 minutos al día, durante 12 semanas. Se han producido mejoras significativas en la imagen corporal (p=0,039). El programa utilizado es eficaz para mejorar la imagen corporal de niños con TDAH. ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on studying the effects of a physical activity program on body image of a group of schoolchildren with ADHD. This investigation involved 12 students (12 boys), aged between 7 and 12 years. The body image was measured by Stunkard’s silhouettes. The procedure was as follows: pre-test, intervention and post-test. The intervention consisted of 2 days per week of physical activity, 60 minutes per day, during 12 weeks. There have been significant improvements in body image (p=0,039). The program used is effective to improve the body image of children with ADHD. RESUMO: Este artigo centra-se em estudar os efeitos de um programa de actividade física sobre a imagem corporal de um grupo de escolares com TDAH. Têm participado 12 escolares (12 meninos), entre os 7 e os 12 anos de idade. A imagem corporal mediu-se mediante as silhuetas de Stunkard. O procedimento tem sido: pré-teste, intervenção e pos-teste. A interven- ção tem consistido em 2 dias à semana de actividade física, 60 minutos ao dia, durante 12 semanas. Produziram-se melhoras significativas na imagem corporal (p=0,039). O programa utilizado é eficaz para melhorar a imagem corporal de meninos com TDAH.
- Published
- 2015
21. The treatment of the body image disturbances in eating disorders and clinically significant change
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Marco, Jose H., Perpiñá Tordera, Concha, and Botella, Cristina
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terapia cognitivo conductual ,body image ,bulimia nerviosa ,tratamiento psicológico ,psychological treatment ,bulimia nervosa ,eating disorders ,realidad virtual ,clinically Significant change ,Virtual reality ,anorexia nervosa ,cambio clínicamente significativo ,trastornos alimentarios ,cognitive-behavior therapy ,imagen corporal - Abstract
Body image disturbance is a significant maintenance and prog-nosis factor in eating disorders. Hence, existing eating disorder treatments can benefit from direct intervention in patients’ body image. This paper in-cludes a controlled study comparing cognitive behavioural treatment for eating disorders with and without a component for body image treatment using virtual reality techniques. The objective of this work was to check if both types of treatment produced a change clinically significant at the end of the treatment and the follow-up to the year, in body image, eating disor-ders and general psychopathology. Thirty-four participants diagnosed with eating disorders were treated and compared with the general population with low vulnerability to eating disorders. Results showed that only in the patients who received the body image treatment obtained a change clinical-ly significant. The implications and limitations of these results are discussed below. Las alteraciones de la imagen corporal son un factor mantene-dor y de pronóstico en los trastornos alimentarios. Los tratamientos actua-les para los trastornos alimentarios se podrían beneficiar de la intervención directa sobre la imagen corporal. En el siguiente trabajo se realiza un estu-dio controlado en el que se comprara la Terapia Cognitivo Conductual pa-ra los trastornos alimentarios con y sin un componente para el tratamiento de la imagen corporal apoyado con técnicas de realidad virtual. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comprobar si ambos tipos de tratamiento producen un cambio clínicamente significativo al finalizar el tratamiento y en el segui-miento al año en la imagen corporal, en la psicopatología especifica de los trastornos alimentarios y en la psicopatología general. Para ello evaluamos y tratamos a 34 participantes diagnosticadas de trastorno alimentario y com-paramos sus resultados con un grupo de mujeres de población general con baja vulnerabilidad a los trastornos alimentarios. Los resultados indican que después del tratamiento se ha producido un cambio fiable y clínicamente significativo únicamente en la condición en la que se ha intervenido en la imagen corporal. Las implicaciones de este resultado y sus limitaciones son comentadas.
- Published
- 2014
22. Loss of body in the diagnosis and radiation therapy
- Author
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Cornejo, Jorge N. and Roble, María Beatriz
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Ionizing radiation ,Revistas ,Diagnóstico por imágenes ,Artículos [Revista de Bioética Latinoamericana] ,Relación médico-paciente ,Imagen del cuerpo ,Doctor-patient relationship ,Radiation therapy ,Body image ,Radioterapia ,Medicina y Salud ,Facultad de Medicina ,Diagnostic imaging ,Radiaciones ionizantes - Abstract
El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en analizar la problemática vinculada a la nueva forma de ver el cuerpo que surge como resultado del empleo de la tecnología médica contemporánea, específicamente aquella que utiliza radiaciones ionizantes, tanto en forma diagnóstica como terapéutica. A la luz del principio bioético de autonomía estudiamos la pérdida simbólica del cuerpo que ocurre como consecuencia de las actitudes adoptadas por uno o varios de los actores del tríptico institución-profesionales-pacientes. Exploramos las formas en que la tecnología coadyuva a la exhibición de la interioridad del cuerpo, y cómo se rompe la dicotomía público-privado. Presentamos también situaciones en las que la tecnología sirve como una herramienta para que los pacientes recuperen el sentimiento de unidad e integridad del cuerpo, disminuido como consecuencia de distintas patologías. Si bien nos centramos en las cuestiones asociadas al diagnóstico por imágenes, también efectuamos referencias a problemáticas éticas vinculadas con la radioterapia, al efecto bystander y a la sensación de abandono corporal que resulta de las patologías oncológicas en sí mismas, y de los tratamientos radioterápicos con los que se las combate. Concluimos que la ciencia y la tecnología deben siempre respetar la individualidad e integridad del ser humano. Proponemos la adopción de una postura equilibrada, que conjugue los beneficios otorgados por la tecnología con los principios humanitarios que deben regir su aplicación. Todo esto resalta la necesidad de que los profesionales del siglo XXI adquieran nuevas y variadas competencias médicas, éticas y humanísticas y accedan así a una formación integral y abarcativa. The objective of this paper is to analyze the problems related to the new way of seeing the body that arises as a result of the use of modern medical technology, specifically that uses ionizing radiation, both in diagnostic and therapeutic. We study the symbolic loss of the body that occurs as a result of the position taken by one or more of the actors of the triptych professionals-patients-institution considering the bioethical principle of autonomy. We explore the ways in which technology contributes to display the interior of the body and how the public-private dichotomy is broken. Different situations in which technology is used as a tool to help patients regain a sense of unity and integrity of the body, decreased as a result of various pathologies are presented. While we focus on the issues associated with the diagnostic imaging, also we make references to ethical issues associated with the radiotherapy, the bystander effect and the sense of abandonment body resulting from oncological diseases. We conclude that science and technology must always respect the individuality and integrity of human beings. We propose to adopt a balanced approach that combines the benefits provided by technology with the humanitarian principles that should govern their application. All this underscores the need for the professionals in the twenty-first century to learn new and several medical, ethical and humanistic skills, and access to a integral and comprehensive education. 1-23 jcornej@fi.uba.ar mbroble06@yahoo.com.ar semestral
- Published
- 2013
23. BODY IMAGE, GENDER IDENTITY AND FEEDING
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Limiñana Gras, Rosa M.
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estereotipos corporales ,Dones -- Revistes ,identidad de género ,body identity ,body image ,body stereotypes ,Feminisme -- Revistes ,identidad corporal ,gender identity ,imagen corporal - Abstract
La alimentación, función puramente fisiológica que permite la supervivencia del individuo, supone además uno de los primeros y más importantes medios de comunicación con el entorno. La imagen corporal, como representación mental de sí mismos, comienza a ser construida a través de estas primeras experiencias y sensaciones vividas, y nos remite a aspectos de satisfacción e insatisfacción claves para entender los mecanismos de valoración del cuerpo, que inciden en la construcción de estereotipos corporales y en los procesos de socialización de género. El presente trabajo pretende realizar una aproximación psicológica al papel determinante que la alimentación tiene desde el nacimiento en la construcción de la identidad corporal, el desarrollo de la personalidad y el acceso a una identidad adulta Feeding is a physiological function that allows the survival of individuals and it is also one of the first and most important means of communication with the environment. Body image as a mental representation of ourselves begins to be built by means of these early experiences and sensations experienced, and refers to aspects of satisfaction and dissatisfaction, which are essential to understand the assesment mechanisms of the body that affect the construction of body stereotypes and the gender socialization processes. This paper aims to conduct a psychological approach to the determinant role that food has since birth in the construction of body identity, personality development and access to an adult identity.
- Published
- 2013
24. Corpo e corporalidade na paraplegia: significado das mudanças
- Author
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Moreno Fergusson, María Elisa and Amaya Rey, María Consuelo del Pilar
- Subjects
body image ,rehabilitación ,Imagen ,Nursing ,Cuerpo ,Colombia ,teoría de enfermería ,spinal cord injury ,rehabilitation ,nursing theory ,enfermería ,paraplejia ,traumatismo de la médula espinal ,paraplegia ,Lesión medular ,61 Ciencias médicas ,Medicina / Medicine and health ,Discapacidad física y orgánica ,Estudio cualitativo ,imagen corporal - Abstract
13 páginas Las lesiones de la médula espinal constituyen una experiencia devastadora para las personas, debido a las secuelas súbitas y permanentes que ocasionan a nivel motor, sensitivo y autónomo. Objetivo: describir los significados que tienen para las personas con paraplejia, secundaria a una lesión traumática de la médula espinal, los cambios en el cuerpo y la corporalidad. Método: el artículo es una parte de un estudio cualitativo de teoría fundamentada, guiado por los lineamientos de Corbin y Strauss (2008). La información se recolectó a través de 22 entrevistas de profundidad, con participantes vinculados a una institución hospitalaria mediante la estrategia de bola de nieve. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas y transcritas en su totalidad, y el proceso de recolección y análisis de los datos fue paralelo. Resultados: el estudio describe nueve categorías que reflejan el impacto de los cambios en el cuerpo y en la corporalidad en las personas con paraplejia. El análisis de los datos muestra que, con el tiempo, las personas adquieren consciencia de las secuelas, aprenden a reconocer los nuevos patrones de expresión de su cuerpo, desarrollan nuevas habilidades. Se amoldan al uso de equipos y aditamentos y descubren una nueva normalidad, cuando asimilan los cambios en el ser y se aceptan a sí mismas con la discapacidad. Los resultados guían a los profesionales de la salud en general y a los de enfermería en particular, para el cuidado encaminado a reconocer el nuevo cuerpo y reconstruir una nueva corporalidad. Spinal cord injuries are a devastating experience for people due to sudden and permanent sequels caused in terms of movility, sensitivity and independence. Purpose: describe the meaning of changes in the body and embodiment for paraplegic persons. Method: the paper is part of a qualitative study of grounded theory, oriented by the guidelines of Corbin e Strauss (2008). Information was gathered through 22 in-depth interviews, with participants linked to a hospital institution through the snowball strategy. Interviews were recorded and typed in full, and the process of gathering and analyzing data was performed in parallel. Results: the study describes nine categories that reflect the impact of changes in the body and corporality of paraplegic persons. The analysis of data shows that, with the passing of time, people are more aware of the sequels, they learn to recognize new patterns of corporal expression, develop new skills, adapt themselves to the use of equipment and fittings and discover a new kind of normality when they embrace the changes and accept their physical handicap. The results guide health-care professionals, in general, and nurses, in particular, towards a practice of care aimed at recognizing the new body and reconstructing a new corporality.
- Published
- 2012
25. Corpo e corporalidade na paraplegia: significado das mudanças
- Author
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Moreno-Fergusson, María Elisa and Amaya Rey, María Consuelo del Pilar
- Subjects
body image ,imagem corporal ,rehabilitación ,Nursing ,teoría de enfermería ,spinal cord injury ,Traumatismos da Medula Espinal ,enfermería ,paraplejia ,rehabilitation ,nursing theory ,traumatismo de la médula espinal ,paraplegia ,reabilitação ,enfermagem ,teoria de enfermagem ,imagen corporal - Abstract
Las lesiones de la médula espinal constituyen una experiencia devastadora para las personas, debido a las secuelas súbitas y permanentes que ocasionan a nivel motor, sensitivo y autónomo. Objetivo: describir los significados que tienen para las personas con paraplejia, secundaria a una lesión traumática de la médula espinal, los cambios en el cuerpo y la corporalidad. Método: el artículo es una parte de un estudio cualitativo de teoría fundamentada, guiado por los lineamientos de Corbin y Strauss (2008). La información se recolectó a través de 22 entrevistas de profundidad, con participantes vinculados a una institución hospitalaria mediante la estrategia de bola de nieve. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas y transcritas en su totalidad, y el proceso de recolección y análisis de los datos fue paralelo. Resultados: el estudio describe nueve categorías que reflejan el impacto de los cambios en el cuerpo y en la corporalidad en las personas con paraplejia. El análisis de los datos muestra que, con el tiempo, las personas adquieren consciencia de las secuelas, aprenden a reconocer los nuevos patrones de expresión de su cuerpo, desarrollan nuevas habilidades. Se amoldan al uso de equipos y aditamentos y descubren una nueva normalidad, cuando asimilan los cambios en el ser y se aceptan a sí mismas con la discapacidad. Los resultados guían a los profesionales de la salud en general y a los de enfermería en particular, para el cuidado encaminado a reconocer el nuevo cuerpo y reconstruir una nueva corporalidad. Spinal cord injuries are a devastating experience for people due to sudden and permanent sequels caused in terms of movility, sensitivity and independence. Purpose: describe the meaning of changes in the body and embodiment for paraplegic persons. Method: the paper is part of a qualitative study of grounded theory, oriented by the guidelines of Corbin e Strauss (2008). Information was gathered through 22 in-depth interviews, with participants linked to a hospital institution through the snowball strategy. Interviews were recorded and typed in full, and the process of gathering and analyzing data was performed in parallel. Results: the study describes nine categories that reflect the impact of changes in the body and corporality of paraplegic persons. The analysis of data shows that, with the passing of time, people are more aware of the sequels, they learn to recognize new patterns of corporal expression, develop new skills, adapt themselves to the use of equipment and fittings and discover a new kind of normality when they embrace the changes and accept their physical handicap. The results guide health-care professionals, in general, and nurses, in particular, towards a practice of care aimed at recognizing the new body and reconstructing a new corporality. As lesões da medula espinal são uma experiência devastadora para as pessoas, por causa das sequelas súbitas e permanentes que causam ao nível motor, sensitivo e autônomo. Objetivo: descrever o significado que as mudanças no corpo e na corporalidade tem para pessoas paraplégicas. Método: o trabalho faz parte de um estudo qualitativo de teoria fundamentada, orientado pelas orientações de Corbin e Strauss (2008). A informação foi compilada através de 22 entrevistas em profundidade, com participantes vinculados a uma instituição hospitalar mediante a estratégia da bola de neve. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas totalmente, e o processo de compilação e análise de dados foi paralelo. Resultados: o estudo descreve nove categorias que refletem o impacto das mudanças no corpo e na corporalidade nas pessoas paraplégicas. A análise dos dados demonstra que, com o passo do tempo, as pessoas são mais cientes das seque-las, apreendem a reconhecer os novos padrões de expressão do corpo, desenvolvem novas habilidades, adaptam-se ao uso de equipamentos e acessórios e descobrem uma nova normalidade quando assimilam os câmbios e aceitam sua deficiência física. Os resultados orientam os professionais da saúde em geral e da enfermagem em particular para um cuidado voltado ao reconhecimento do novo corpo e à reconstrução duma nova corporalidade.
- Published
- 2012
26. La representación contemporánea del cuerpo desnudo: El objeto sexual en el cambio de siglo XX al XXI
- Author
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Justo, Isabel
- Subjects
feminism ,lcsh:Language and Literature ,lcsh:French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,Feminismo ,Objeto sexual ,body image ,Humanidades ,Historia del arte ,Imagen del cuerpo ,Feminism ,Art History ,movimiento feminista ,art history ,lcsh:PQ1-3999 ,Sexual object ,sexual object ,dehumanization ,Deshumanización sexista ,Body Image ,lcsh:P ,Literatura ,Arte ,Dehumanization ,Letras - Abstract
Los cambios que el pensamiento feminista ha producido en nuestra personalidad como sociedad, en nuestra manera de conducirnos y expresarnos, invitan a trabajar sobre ellos en profundidad. En estas líneas se analizan algunos trabajos de artistas feministas y 'post-feministas', relacionándolos con la tradición de representación del cuerpo humano en la historia del arte. La denominación objeto sexual no es un calificativo que se aplique hoy únicamente al sexo femenino. Imágenes femeninas y masculinas son utilizadas por la sociedad de consumo para vender sus productos como reclamo. Las particulares formas de entender y presentar el cuerpo humano como desperdicio, consumible o despojo, no son tampoco patrimonio de un solo sexo. Desde la perspectiva de la representación del cuerpo humano se deben analizar las nuevas estrategias nacidas a partir del compromiso de respeto hacia los derechos sociales de las mujeres., The changes that feminist thought has occurred in our personality as a society, the way we lead and express, invite to work on them thoroughly. In this paper, discusses some works of feminist and “post-feminist” artists, relates these artists with the tradition of representing the human body in Art History. The term sexual object is not an epithet that applies only to females today. Male and female images are used by the consumer society to sell their products. The particular ways of thinking and presenting the body as waste or spoil, or consumable appears in both genders. From the perspective of representing the human body we must consider the new strategies emerging from the respect for social rights of women, Centro de Estudios de Teoría y Crítica Literaria
- Published
- 2011
27. Efectos de las representaciones sociales de las mamas sobre la prevención del cáncer mamario en un grupo de mujeres colombianas
- Author
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María Eugenia Arango Roja and Clara Victoria Giraldo Mora
- Subjects
Esthetics ,Autocuidado ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Salud ,Breast Neoplasms ,Cuerpo ,Belleza ,Beauty ,Breast cancer ,Cáncer de mama ,Imagen Corporal ,Estética ,medicine ,Body Image ,Breast ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Género y Salud ,media_common ,Gender and Health ,Mama ,Neoplasias de la Mama ,Art ,Brest cancer ,medicine.disease ,Self Care ,Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública ,Género ,Body ,Self-care ,Representaciones sociales y estética ,Cartography ,Humanities ,Sociología - Abstract
RESUMEN: Este escrito presenta los resultados de un estudio para comprender las representaciones sociales de las mamas y su influencia en el diagnóstico precoz del cáncer mamario y las prácticas de auto cuidado en un grupo de mujeres de Medellín, Colombia. Es un estudio cualitativo llevado a cabo con 19 entrevistas en profundidad a 19 mujeres adultas sin cáncer de mama, utilizando el criterio de máxima variación. El análisis utiliza los lineamientos de la teoría fundamentada. Los hallazgos muestran que existe una representación social de las mamas como objeto de atracción y una representación negativa del cáncer de mama, que no favorecen la prevención del cáncer de mama ni contribuyen a las prácticas de auto cuidado como el auto examen, el tamizaje clínico y la mamografía. Concluimos que existe una construcción problemática del cuerpo femenino entre las participantes que impide las prácticas que merece ser revisada y denunciada como un asunto político esencial en la construcción de la subjetividad femenina. ABSTRACT: This paper presents the results of a study to understand the social representations of breast cancer and how they influence breast cancer prevention and self-care practices in a group of women from Medellin– Colombia. Is a qualitative study carried out with 19 in-depth interviews to 19 adult women who have not had breast cancer and using the sampling criterion of maximum variation. In our analysis, we used the guidelines of Grounded Theory. The findings show that there is a social representation of breasts as object of attraction and a negative representation of breast cancer, none of these representations foster breast cancer prevention nor contribute to self-care practices such as breast self-examination, clinical breast screening and mammography. In synthesis, there are problematic constructions of the feminine body among participants that deserve to be revised and denounced as political issue essential to the construction of feminine subjectivity. COL0016031
- Published
- 2011
28. Estimación de la Validez de Constructo y Consistencia Interna de la Escala de Impacto de las Imágenes Femeninas Presentadas por los Medios de Comunicación sobre Adolescentes Mujeres
- Author
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Larraín Sundt, M. Elena, Camus, Javier, Orellana, Yasna, and Arrieta, Montserrat
- Subjects
confiabilidad ,Female images ,validity ,validez ,reliability ,Imágenes femeninas ,body image ,mass media ,imagen corporal ,medios de comunicación - Abstract
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos de la estimación de la consistencia interna y la validez de constructo de la escala de Impacto de las Imágenes Femeninas presentadas por los medios de comunicación sobre Adolescentes Mujeres (IMAMIF) de Larraín, Camus, Orellana y Arrieta, en una muestra de 662 adolescentes de Santiago de Chile. Es un cuestionario de 45 afirmaciones que se evalúa a través de 5 alternativas de respuesta (1 = nunca; 5 = siempre). Se encontró una alta consistencia interna (Alfa de Cronbach 0.969). A través del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio con el método de Factores Principales (AFP), se encontró una estructura conformada por tres factores (Dieta patológica, Disconformidad corporal y Objetivación del cuerpo). En conjunto, estos tres factores explican el 84.11% de la estructura de correlación de las variables originales. This paper aimed to estimate reliability and construct validity of an instrument to assess the impact of female images presented by the mass media on body image of female adolescents (IMAMIF) of Larraín, Camus, Orellana and Arrieta, in a sample of 662 female adolescents. It is a questionnaire of 45 statements that evaluates the impact that female images presented by mass media, has on body image of adolescent girls. An overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.969 was obtained revealing a high internal consistency. Through an exploratory factorial analy sis with principal factors it was found a structure conformed by three factors (Pathological Diet, Body Dissatisfaction and Self Objectivation). As a whole these 3 factors explain 84.11% of the correlational structure of the original variables.
- Published
- 2009
29. MUJER, BELLEZA Y PSICOP PSICOPATOLOGATOLOGÍA
- Author
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LUNA MONTAÑO, IRIS
- Subjects
Psychopathology ,Body Image ,Imagen corporal ,Psicopatología - Abstract
La belleza es parte universal de la experiencia humana y se ha comprobado que la percepción de la misma proporciona placer a los sentidos e incrementa la probabilidad de apareamiento. La sensibilidad a la belleza es proporcionada por estructuras cerebrales filogenéticamente determinadas, así como también por aspectos socioculturales. Estudios recientes muestran que la falta de atractivo físico y la distorsión de la imagen corporal se convierten en factores de riesgo de psicopatología. Los atributos estéticos femeninos han sido evaluados con diferentes ópticas a través de los tiempos, pero la popularización de la belleza por medio de revistas femeninas, medios audiovisuales y ahora el ciberespacio ha difundido y complicado el concepto de estética femenina. Se han creado modelos de belleza inalcanzables, y la mujer se ha sometido a la tiranía de su "belleza" en búsqueda de la «perfección corporal». En este articulo se plantea como la belleza sobrevalorada y distorsionada puede relacionarse con psicopatología. The beauty is universal part of the human experience. It has been shown that its perception brins pleasure, while increasing probability of mating. Sensitivity to beauty has its philogenetically determined brain structures, and also sociocultural aspects. Recent studies show that lack of physical attractiveness and distortion of body image are risk factors for psychopathology. Women?s aesthetic attributes have been assesed from different optics, but popularization the beauty began with feminine magazines, audiovisual media and cyberspace. From them on, unattainable beauty models have been created and woman live under the tyranny of «beauty», in search of «body perfection». This paper poses that when beauty is overvalued and distorted, it may be related to psychopathology.
- Published
- 2001
30. RITUAL, FOLK COMPETITIONS, MINING AND STIGMATIZATION AS 'POOR' IN INDIGENOUS NORTHERN PERU: A PERSPECTIVE FROM CONTEMPORARY QUECHUA-SPEAKING CANARENSES/Ritual concursos folkloricos, mineria y estigmatizacion como 'pobres' en el norte peruano indigena: una perspectiva desde los canarenses quechuahablantes contemporaneos
- Author
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Andía, Juan Javier Rivera
- Published
- 2017
31. Changes in body dissatisfaction relative to gender and age: the modulating character of BMI
- Author
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Bully, Paola and Elosua, Paula
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Cuerpo y masculinidad: los desordenes alimentarios en hombres
- Author
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Toro-Alfonso, José, Nieves Lugo, Karen, and Borrero Bracero, Néstor
- Published
- 2010
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