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Prólogo de la Revista Enfoques de la Comunicación No. 10 "Comunicación política 2023: elecciones, estrategias y contextos"

The risk management business evolves rapidly, so actuaries are faced with the need for new analysis methodologies. However, the use of incorrect methodologies for actuarial modeling can have serious implications for strategic decision making. This study aims to introduce the simplex regression model as a suitable methodology for actuarial modeling of data whose values belong to the unit interval. Using a risk management data set, the linear model with normal distribution and the proposed regression model were compared. The evaluation of the models presented concluded by the quality of the modeling through simplex regression, indicating the quality of this method as a new analysis tool for the actuarial context.

The article proposes an analysis of the guitar piece Kurze Schatten II by Brian Ferneyhough. The analysis aims to understand the compositional procedures and aesthetic principles of the composer, revealing an approximation with concepts from the thought of Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari and T. Adorno. By understanding the elements that manage the internal logic of the work, it is evident that the composer's serialist heritage, developed in the light of the Adornian concept of informal music, is present in the structural components of Kurze Schatten II and in the processuality of the creative gesture. The rupture with the traditional concept of unity perceived in the analysis originates a music of transformations, passages, approximations and contrasts, realized in a rhizomatic space operated by differences and impermanences. The technical analysis of the work brings to the forefront issues that are better understood in the light of these considerations of aesthetic order.

Our paper conducts a contrastive analysis between Albanian and English lexical units in the language of laws using corpora analysis. It fills a literature gap related to Corpus linguistics in order to better comprehend patterns of legal lexicon. We use KWIC Concordance to extract the top frequently words and concordance lines in order to analyse differences and similarities among lexical units in Albanian (Source Language) and English (Target Language) laws, compared to those identified in respective corpora. Additionally, we identify types of errors in translation, difficulties in translating legal texts, and factors that influence translators’ errors in translating certain laws of the Republic of Kosovo from Albanian into English. According to our analysis, both languages have in common the use of the same grammatical patterns such as: conjunctions, prepositions, and the use of the common noun forms. The rest have significant differences in their usage, especially with regards to particles and determiners. Our contrastive approach demonstrates that some of these laws were not originally written in Albanian and then translated into English language, as many articles within these laws lack the appropriate word structure and word order and in some cases are semantically ill-formed in the Source Language. Key words: analysis, corpus, language, legal, translation, KWIC Concordance.

Through a selection of essays, the volume provides an overview on forms of symmetry in music, analysed from a mathematical and physical perspective. The idea of translating nine essays on this topic from English to Italian can be interpreted as a laudable attempt at making them immediately usable outside the scientific domain. The first section, ‘Musicological Perspectives’, has a ‘literary’ approach and proposes different readings of music history through the filter of as many meanings of the concept of symmetry. The second, ‘Mathematical and Physical Perspectives’, has a specifically scientific approach and essentially elaborates models for the representation and visualization of the principles that are implict in musical structures, or analyzes the physical-acoustic properties of the sound object, highlighting symmetry factors in a more or less explicit way.

In particular, English has become a universal language all over the world and has had a huge impact on several academic and professional fields. Therefore, not only has the teaching and learning of English as a foreign language (EFL), gained importance, but in particular, English for specific purposes (ESP). This article presents a case study that explores and identify engineering students’ needs and demands by means of a Needs Analysis that involves interviews and surveys in order to design an ESP Reading Course. This inquiry included identifying needs to design an ESP course which may provide students with the essential tools in order to understand, and manage accurately, specialized information, which is relevant for their professional development.

Background: Esports are here to stay. Previous studies have shown that sports athletes have characteristics Esports are here to stay. Previous studies have shown that esports athletes have similar characteristics, such as satisfaction from competing, as those in traditional sports. However, being an area still growing, few studies have addressed them in Latin America. This study aimed to determine the relationship and predictors of mental toughness from the satisfaction of basic needs in amateur esports players from the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods: For this, a sample of 426 participants (85% male) was constituted, with a mean age of 22 years (SD = 3.67), who answered the Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale (BNSSS) and the Mental Toughness Index (MTI) questionnaire, as well as a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The results indicated a strong relationship between both variables, especially with the dimensions of competence satisfaction and perception of choice, also being the main predictors of mental strength. Conclusions: These results provide new empirical evidence for this area in formation, as well as different issues to be taken into account to develop mental strength and sporting success in esports.

This study investigates the composition and corrosion of a lead ossuary excavated from the archaeological cemetery located on the site of the Queen Alia International Airport, Jordan. It also presents its conservation treatment using the potentiostatic reduction method. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy/ energy dispersive X–ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analyses showed that the ossuary was made from a relatively pure lead metal. Examination of the corrosion products using X–ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM/EDX analyses indicated the presence oxides, carbonates and chlorides of lead as the main corrosion products on the ossuary. The metallographic examination showed a cast α-Pb dendritic microstructure. A linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) scan for a small fragment from the ossuary in a sodium sulfate solution allowed identifying the working conditions to reduce the corrosion products to lead metal. Chronoamperometry (CA) techniques helped to monitor the reduction process and determine its completion. The potentiostatic methods showed an excellent effectiveness in determining treatment parameters and monitoring the reduction process of the corrosion products on the ossuary and to prevent over-treatment. The reduced ossuary was finally coated with Paraloid B72 to prevent corrosion reoccurrence in the poor environmental conditions of the storage area.

Objective: To analyze the response to retreatment in patients with chronic/episodic migraine who discontinued therapy with erenumab/fremanezumab after one year of treatment., Methods: Observational, retrospective, single-center, multidisciplinary study in patients with chronic/episodic migraine who received therapy with erenumab/fremanezumab for at least one year and discontinued it after achieving an adequate response (optimization). The evaluation of the response after retreatment included the following variables: migraine days per month, MIDAS and HIT-6 scales at the beginning of retreatment and 3 months later. The response was evaluated in different subgroups (episodic/chronic, erenumab/fremanezumab and time until retreatment)., Results: 48 patients were included. 70.8% (n=34) required retreatment with mAb, with a median of 3.9 (2.9-6.4) months until reintroduction. Clinical response after retreatment was achieved in 67.6% (n=23) of patients. No statistically significant differences were found in the analyzed subgroups., Conclusion: Interruption of treatment with erenumab/fremanezumab for chronic/episodic migraine produces a clinical worsening of the disease requiring retreatment in most cases, approximately after 4 months. Two out of three patients respond positively after restarting monoclonal therapy. This response does not appear to be related to the type of migraine, the specific monoclonal antibody prescribed, or the time to retreatment., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria (S.E.F.H). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To analyze the response to retreatment in patients with chronic/episodic migraine who discontinued therapy with erenumab/fremanezumab after 1 year of treatment., Methods: Observational, retrospective, single-center, multidisciplinary study in patients with chronic/episodic migraine who received therapy with erenumab/fremanezumab for at least 1 year and discontinued it after achieving an adequate response (optimization). The evaluation of the response after retreatment included the following variables: DMM, MIDAS, and HIT-6 scales at the beginning of retreatment and 3 months later. The response was evaluated in different subgroups (episodic/chronic, erenumab/fremanezumab, and time until retreatment)., Results: 48 patients were included. 70.8% (n=34) required retreatment with mAb, with a median of 3.9 (2.9-6.4) months until reintroduction. Clinical response after retreatment was achieved in 67.6% (n=23) of patients. No statistically significant differences were found in the analyzed subgroups., Conclusion: Interruption of treatment with erenumab/fremanezumab for chronic/episodic migraine produces a clinical worsening of the disease requiring retreatment in most cases, approximately after 4 months. Two out of three patients respond positively after restarting monoclonal therapy. This response does not appear to be related to the type of migraine, the specific monoclonal antibody prescribed, or the time to retreatment., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to report., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria (S.E.F.H). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

THE STATE OF THE ART OF VOLATILE CARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTS: IMPACTS TO HEALTH AND SAMPLING METHODOLOGIES AND ANALYSIS. The primary sources of emission of volatile carbonyl compounds (CCs) in indoor environments are chipboard panels, laminate floors, plywood, paints and solvents, household products, fiberglass, gas stoves, heaters and heating systems. Several studies have already confirmed an indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio greater than 1 (one) for several CCs, indicating that these compounds are emitted mainly from internal sources. CCs (especially aldehydes and ketones) are easily absorbed into the airways, presenting a considerable mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic risk to humans. Therefore, this study aimed to review the CCs found in different indoor environments, the effects and impacts of these compounds on human health and the national and international guidelines that establish their maximum exposure limits. The methodologies most used in the literature to analyze CCs in the air were reviewed directly (in real-time) or indirectly (using pre-treatment steps). A detailed review of the sampling techniques: with and without adsorption, with and without derivatization, with adsorption and derivatization simultaneously; using various methodologies employed during the last decades (cartridges, filters, tubes or liquid absorbent-impinger) was carried out. Finally, this work describes the instrumental methods and the advantages and disadvantages of determining CCs individually and simultaneously in the atmosphere.

Most assessment instruments in Music Therapy need to have their effectiveness proven, directing interventions in a manner consistent with the needs of individuals. Based on the relations inferred between musical language and written language, and studies on musical intervention in dyslexia, it could be hypothesized that children identified at risk of dyslexia could present some impairment in the “Cognition” domain of IMTAP, which evaluates the largest number of constructs similar to the items evaluated in psychological instruments. Therefore, this paper investigated whether a series of activities created to assess the “Cognition” domain of the IMTAP protocol was related to a battery encompassed by psychological instruments normally used in cognitive assessment of reading. The expectations of the study were not confirmed. Pearson's correlations, although significant, were very low, suggesting that the constructs evaluated by IMTAP are different from the constructs of the other tests used.

The purpose of this research is to identify, from the application of analytical strands, how Franz Liszt (1811-1886) materializes the mermaid myth in his Lied Der Fischerknabe, about the writer's text Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805). The bibliographic survey reveals that Liszt is historically remembered for his exacerbated virtuosity and his contribution to the evolutionary path that harmony would follow in later decades; However, he is neglected as a songwriter by his contemporaries, such as Schubert, Schumann, Wolf and Brahms. In Der Fischerknabe, Liszt traces an intimate relationship between text and music, linking the subjective images of poetry to its harmonic language, melodic conduction, modulatory character, accompanying figuration, and constant tonal contrasts, thus presenting literary-musical images linked to the myth of the mermaid. It was concluded that the lyricism and the symbiosis between text and music reached by Liszt in this Lied approach the consecrated procedures of other geniuses related to the genre.

The objective was to evaluate some physical properties of the soil in four suburban farms in Santiago de Cuba. Soil samples were taken and the volumetric weight, apparent density, real density, porosity and humidity were determined. Among the farms, a similar statistical behavior of the evaluated properties was obtained. The volumetric weight varied from 1.18 to 1.32 g cm-3, the apparent density between 1.04 and 1.24 g cm-3, the real density from 2.27 to 2.59 g cm-3, the porosity ranged from 51 to 53 % and the humidity from 6.1 to 11.4 %.

There are multiple communicative strategies in architecture depending on the target audience. The mechanisms of representation may radically vary when the recipient is the client, the constructor, the curator, a colleague or even an instructor (1). As an example, the approach may be mainly visual when the target is the client. However, it may be strictly structural to start a conversation with a peer ad mostly conceptual when pointing to the jury members in a competition. In certain cases, the adaptation of the graphic language to the different scenarios leads to such a distortion on the message that the original project is hardly recognizable. To illustrate this point, the article will focus on the project of the Public Seattle Library, designed by the architect Rem Koolhaas. The analysis of five different communicative strategies of the project show peculiar and unequal graphic narrations: from the concept book of the competition, the website of LMN (the American partners of Rem Koolhaas- OMA in this particular project), the website of OMA, the coverage on the Seattle press, the Library Brochure for teenagers and the approach developed on the "Content" book. Rem Koolhaas coined the concept of "design of information" to express the fundamental relationship between the message and media in architecture. In his practice, the communicative strategy is present from the beginning of the design process till the final stages. In this article, the thoughtful comparison of these examples will enable to extract conclusions on the use of communication in architectural design and reflect on the iconic and communicative dimension of architecture in general.

This article aims to study the widowhood of women in Africa as a form of symbolic, social, domestic and sexual violence, based on African literature of spanish and french expression. It is both a factor in representing violence against widows from an artistic, cultural and literary perspective. It does not ignore the socio-cultural factors and causes of violence against women in Africa. Consequently, the literature will be called upon to dialogue around the issue of violence against widowed women and social change, that is to say between vulnerability and subversion. This dialogue involves the analysis of the novel Ekomo (2008) by the equatorial guinean writer María Nsue Angüe and Co-épouses Et Co-veuves(2015) by the central african Adrienne Yabouza. He will also be interested in their positioning in the Africain literary field in the face of sexist dichotomies and the collusion that exists between customary law and civil law, in order to write the situation of widows in Africa in a patriarchal system. The victims of violence [widowed women] are highlighted through an explicit fictionalization of socio-cultural, and political realities. This shows how, using stylistic and narrative methods, literature is a privileged tool for pushing the boundaries of gender and contributes to the understanding of a situation of violence which is concealed.

IntroductionHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is prevalent worldwide. As it is a known carcinogen, causing multitude of gastrointestinal end extra-gastric disorders, the eradication therapy is now indicated for every patient diagnosed with this infection. This approach may prove however to be improper, since it is now known, that not every strain of this species is pathogenic, therapy may be unsuccessful and drug resistance is ever increasing problem.A brief description of the state of knowledge:H. pylori is a species representing multiple strains with distinct regional genetic markup. Its prevalence is high in the general population, but in the recent years there have been reports of decreased presence in the developed countries. This paper reviews most important known genetic diversity markers and their impact on virulence and toxicity of species. It also covers possible new ways to combat the infection.ConclusionWith increased possibility of genetic sequencing, there may be possibility for custom-tailored eradication therapy of H. pylori in the future.

Currently, forensic research foundation is comprised of the methods of genetic analysis. The study of DNA polymorphism became a source of highly reliable evidence, which allow the determination of the genetic profile of biological traces containing genetic material of barely a few cells, collected from all possible substrates, and their further comparison with the genetic profile of the victim or suspect. The forensic expertise of such research, supported by relevant statistical calculations is one of the few objective evidence in criminal proceedings.The process of DNA testing for forensic purposes is composed of several stages and a number of analyzes. After securing suitable test specimen, the isolation of genetic material is performed. For the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the isolate, the Real Time PCR reaction is performed. This is a crucial moment for the study because it is the assessment of the suitability of samples for further testing. The next step is the amplification of DNA fragments with Multiplex PCR technique. Then, as a result of electrophoretic separation of the sequencer we obtain a genetic profile. Thus obtained profiling results are interpreted as well as compared by specialists.For analysts in the field of forensic medicine it is necessary to obtain clear genetic profiles. Given the often small amount of DNA that can be obtained and the need for unquestionability of the evidence, it is very important to develop a method with high sensitivity, which allows to obtain completely reliable results. In order to ensure the quality of the research, forensic laboratories must apply the standards and guidelines set by international associations, periodically calibrate their testing equipment, keep complete records of the results and, above all, to validate the used methods. In the laboratory, which intends to apply the procedure in question, internal validation must be carried out. The aim of this process is to determine the reliability and limitations of the method. During the test, the results of manufacturers’ verification are validated and the level of efficiency of the said procedure within a particular lab is checked.

Brown sugar and sticky rice were frequently used as organic additives in Chinese mortars. This study applied enzymatic spectrophotometric methods to identify sucrose and starch contents in traditional Chinese lime- and earth-based mortars. The focus was to understand and evaluate the qualitative detection capacity of enzymatic method in mortars, by first applying the method on a series of lab-prepared mortar specimens with specific amounts of brown sugar and sticky rice addition, then on historic mortar samples suspected to contain brown sugar and sticky rice. The potential contribution and limitations of enzymatic method in analysis of sucrose and starch in mortars was compared with other common available analytical methods. The results suggested that for lab-prepared brown sugar mortar specimens, enzymatic method was more sensitive and exclusive than chemical method, and particularly had higher detection capacity in lime mortars. For simulated mortars with sticky rice addition, enzymatic method showed no distinct detection capacity differences among the studied inorganic binders and comparing with chemical methods was more sensitive in earth-based mortars. Enzymatic analysis on historic mortar samples was able to distinguish some false-positive results from the chemical and FTIR analysis, which was then corroborated by SEM.

Globalisation and the advancement of ICTs invite the development of learners’ strategies and communication skills in higher education to participate fully in digitally networked societies. This paper analyses the results of a pilot study which is part of Film and Creative Engagement (FaCE), a collaborative research project between Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), UK, and Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM), Campus Laguna in Torreón, Mexico. There were two main aims: (1) to create a short project that was inspiring, stimulating and enjoyable that could be transferable to other high education institutions; and (2) to provide a training that could help students shape their future, fulfill their academic potential and develop strong, social, international and professional relationships. Secondary goals included bringing Mexican and British university learners into contact via elecommunication to create contexts for interactivity and task-based collaboration. In the context of foreign language learning, the tasks were intended to develop participants’ skills on film analysis (such as cultural and intercultural awareness), and also, audiovisual accessibility (subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing and audio description). This is a mixed study with 44 participants and the data was collected through pre and post-questionnaires, student self-reflection reports and task evaluations. Particularly, the FaCE project helped students, regardless of their career path or specialisation, to enhance their language competence, collaborative work, critical thinking, innovation and creativity, management of information and communication technologies, and international collaboration in virtual environments.

ABSTRACT Multiple communicative strategies can be followed in architecture according to the target audience. The mechanisms of representation may radically vary when the recipient is the client, the constructor, the curator, a colleague or even an instructor (1). As an example, the approach may be mainly visual when the target is the client. However, it may be strictly conceptual when pointing to the jury members in a competition. In certain cases, the adaptation of the graphic language to the different scenarios leads to such a distortion on the message that the original project is hardly recognizable. This article will focus on the project of the Public Seattle Library, designed by the architect Rem Koolhaas. The analysis of five different communicative strategies of the project show peculiar and unequal graphic narrations: from the concept book of the competition, the website of LMN (the American partners of Rem Koolhaas- OMA in this particular project), the website of OMA, the coverage on the Seattle press, the Library Brochure for teenagers and the approach developed on the "Content" book. Rem Koolhaas coined the concept of "design of information" to express the fundamental relationship between the message and media in architecture. In his practice, the communicative strategy is present from the beginning of the design process till the final stages. In this article, the thoughtful comparison of these examples will enable to extract conclusions on the use of communication in architectural design and reflect on the iconic and communicative dimension of architecture in general. RESUMEN En arquitectura, se pueden seguir múltiples estrategias comunicativas en función de la audiencia a la que estén dirigidas. Los mecanismos de representación varían radicalmente cuando el receptor es un cliente, el constructor, un comisario expositivo, un colega arquitecto o un profesor. Como ejemplo, se adoptaría una aproximación fundamentalmente visual en el caso de dirigirnos a un cliente, mientras que para una comunicación en un concurso, se optaría por una aproximación netamente conceptual. En determinados casos, la adaptación del lenguaje gráfico a los distintos escenarios genera tal distorsión en el mensaje que el proyecto original resulta prácticamente irreconocible. El artículo se centra en el proyecto de la Biblioteca Pública de Seattle, diseñado por Rem Koolhaas. El análisis de cinco estrategias comunicativas distintas nos muestra narraciones gráficas casi antagónicas. Desde la propuesta del concurso, la web de LMN (los socios americanos de OMA), pasando por la propia web de OMA, la cobertura en prensa o el folleto informativo de la propia biblioteca, Rem Koolhaas muestra la especial relación entre el mensaje y el medio en arquitectura, acuñando el término “diseño de la información”. En su trabajo, la estrategia comunicativa se encuentra presente desde el inicio del proceso de diseño y hasta los estadios finales. Mediante la comparación analítica de los distintos ejemplos se podrán extraer conclusiones del uso de la comunicación en el diseño arquitectónico y su reflejo en la dimensión icónica de la arquitectura.

Analysis of moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) product marketing and its’ effect on environment in South East, Nigeria was studied. Specifically, the objectives of the study are to describe the socio-economic characteristic of moringa product marketers, identify the various forms in which moringa are used, determine the marketing margin and marketing efficiency of marketing moringa oleiferia, analyze the determinant factors to moringa oleifera marketing, identify the effects of moringa marketing on the environment, identify the technologies used to cushion the effects of moringa marketing on the environment, determine the effect of the marketers’ socio-economic characteristics on their technology adoption decision and identify the constraint to marketing of moringa oleifera products in the study area. A multistage random sampling procedure was used to select120 moringa products marketers in the study area. Primary and secondary data were used to elicit information from the respondents. The objectives of the study were addressed using percentage responses, marketing margin and marketing efficiency models, multiple regression analysis and factor analysis. The results show that the majority of the marketers were males, youthful, large household size, married, educated and members of cooperatives. The most important form of moringa products consumed in the study area was leaf, followed seed and leaf powder. Furthermore, the marketing margin and marketing efficiency results showed to be positive and high respectively. Among the functional forms estimated, the linear form was chosen as the lead equation based on econometric and statistical reasons. The coefficients of age, education and membership of cooperatives had a direct relationship with marketing efficiency. The effects of moringa marketing on the environment were noise, odour, flies, littering of the environment with moringa residues, rodents and mosquito The technologies used to guide against environmental degradation by moringa marketing were use of nose and mouth protective gadgets, good ventilation, proper disposal of wastes, proper maintenance of processing plant and use of hearing protective device (HPD) The determinant factors to the adoption of technology by marketers against environmental dilapidation were household size, educational level, access to credit, membership of organization. Important constraints militating against moringa marketing in the study area were low returns, competition, no financial support, inadequate funding, inadequate raw materials, high cost of transportation and poor communication. These variables fell between factor loading of 0.30 and above at 10 % overlapping variance as contained in factor analysis result. Policies options aimed at enhancing marketers access to free and affordable education, encourage marketers to form cooperatives in order to reduce the transaction cost of marketing and reduce the effects of marketing on te environment, processor of moringa leaves into powdered form should wear protective devices and for marketers’ access to educational programmes on pollutions and likely consequences.

This paper presents a new application for analyzing electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The signals are pre-filtered through MATLAB's EEGLAB tool. The created application performs a convolution between the original EEG signal and a complex Morlet wavelet. As a final result, the application shows the signal power value and a spectrogram of the convoluted signal. Moreover, the created application compares different EEG channels at the same time, in a fast and straightforward way, through a time and frequency analysis. Finally, the effectiveness of the created application was demonstrated by performing an analysis of the alpha signals of healthy subjects, one signal created by the subject with eyes closed and the other, with which it was compared, was created by the same subject with eyes open. This also served to demonstrate that the power of the alpha band of the closed-eyed signal is higher than the power of the open-eyed signal.

Distal fractures rank a special place among all fractures of the long tubular bones of the extremities. Complications are an inevitable companion of any surgical intervention, as well as an integral part of the work of every surgeon. Objective: To analyze the outcomes of treatment of distal fractures of the long bones of the extremities, to identify the causes of errors and the frequency of complications after perosseous osteosynthesis, and to outline ways for their prevention. Patients and methods: 1723 patients with distal fractures of the long bones of the extremities and further perosseous osteosynthesis have been under study. Distal fractures of the humerus were registered in 647 patients, those of the femur – in 392, and the bones of the lower leg were damaged in 684. Results: The most common complication of perosseous osteosynthesis is inflammation of the soft tissues near the pins - 21.8%. Non-infectious complications (secondary displacement of fragments, contractures, impaired innervation and trophism) were observed in 18.2% of cases. Residual effects of neuritis of the radial and peroneal nerves amounted to 0.1%. In the long-term period there were 2.1% of the knee and elbow joints contractures. Conclusions: Complications observed in the process of treatment of distal fractures of long bones of the extremities with the use of perosseous osteosynthesis are not inherent this method of treatment, since they are the result of medical errors in the choice of indications for its use, violations of osteosynthesis’ technique and postoperative management of patients, mainly in the period of minimally invasive technology of surgical intervention development.

The wording of this article raises fundamental doubts. Since the physician should also strive of obtain the consent of a minor, the question arises as to who else they should obtain it from? Or in fact who, in the case of a minor, should agree to the provision of healthcare. The main part of this article is a critical analysis of articles of the Polish Code of Medical Ethics.

Sports analytics is defined as the process that identifies and acquires knowledge and insight about players and teams’ performances. To do so, analysts use a wide variety of data sources coming from matches and individual players’ performances (O'Donoghue & Holmes 2014; Jayal, McRobert, Oatley & O’Donoghue, 2018). Nowadays, detailed data from different nature including technical skills, individual physiological performances, team formations, or injuries are analysed on a daily basis by the analytics departments belonging to sports clubs and professional franchises. Even private companies like STATS or OPTA generate important revenues offering their movement tracking values and advanced metrics to media and fans. In the emerging field of Sports Analytics, as in many others, analysts must be aware of spurious correlations. These can come up due to the size (not nature) of data, a common-causal variable or just due to serendipity. For this reason, we always must keep in mind the lessons of the statistician Stephen John Senn and his sharp quote on the matter: “Statistics is not just about merely warning that correlation is not causation. Sometimes correlation isn’t even correlation”. Thus, we will explain an example of how climate change can be affecting, or not, on the FIFA World Cup performance statistics.

on having treated as one of the taxes that major revenue generates to the territory, the industry and trade, notices and boards tax, iCA, it turns out to be transcendental in the maintenance of the public finance of the Capital district. for such a reason, this investigation determines the benefits that the charge grants to the development of the city, analyzing the behavior of the collection and the budget execution of the 2012 – 2015 period. nevertheless, by means of the use of the criterion of pearson’s correlation, the direct relation that the income of the charge presents with the district Gdp is identified, as well as its rate of growth in relation with the resources of the state, keeping levels of debt lower than the established ones for the law. in this sense, this article maintains a qualitative approach that uses documentary analysis and data collection techniques, using record and consistency matrices

Data mining techniques are mainly focused on supporting the decision makers in a specific organization. Student attrition is a common phenomenon that worries public and private universities, which are affected financially and socially. Several studies have addressed this issue. However, they have mainly focused on academic, social, demographic, and economic aspects. In this paper, we propose a method for analyzing academic desertion in the context of a Systems and Computing Engineering undergraduate program by providing a view of this issue from a KDD (knowledge discovery in databases) perspective and using techniques for identifying students’ behavioral patterns. Unlike other proposals, we also consider variables provided by the BADyG test. This proposal is important because it will support higher education institutions in decision-making and creating action plans to reduce the high rate of student attrition.

This paper analyses different senses of the French verb boire, especially those that can be paraphrased by ‘swallowing liquid’, the most easily associated with this verb. To these meanings correspond in Polish the imperfective form pić and some perfective verbs, such as wypić, napić się and przepić. The semantico-syntactic analysis of the verb boire will be followed by the Polish equivalents of each con-struction. The objective is to observe regularities in the choice of the Polish equivalent of each French structure. The results will be able to enrich the information for bilingual dictionaries and for machine translation.

One of the mathematical problems that seems to be very true, but lacks a demonstration, is Goldbach's conjecture posed since 1742.The present article makes a critical analysis, where several proposals for its solution were compiled, with a unified language and nomenclature to make it accessible to the scholar of mathematics. It is a historical and exploratory research of qualitative type that concludes with a holistic vision, that allows to identify the most relevant attempts of demonstration of the Goldbach Conjecture, this way it is tried to stimulate the student to develop his research capacity towards the Mathematics, evidencing: the possible methods of investigation in the area, the appearance of theories and the new challenges for the mathematicians. Here, attempts of demonstration from the theory of prime numbers were presented, in the search of formulas that describe all the primes, an attempt that has never been achieved. Demonstrations that make use of the probability with which prime numbers appear, which again are elusive to be pigeonholed. Logic was used in another of the attempts presented here, again without the expected success. Divide and conquer" was perhaps what Ricardo G. Barca thought in the attempt presented here, but he missed some of it. Following Polya's idea, it is a question of solving by following the path that has given solutions to other problems by means of a heuristic approach, but without achieving it

The article analyzes the philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, educational, and methodological literature on the research problem; the essence of the concepts “structuring of educational information”, “professional and pedagogical training of masters of natural sciences for structuring educational information” is revealed, methods of structuring educational information are analyzed, forms of presenting educational information are revealed.