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This paper includes an analysis of academic papers that focus on cultural aspects written by MA students in the ‘Teach & Learn in Spain’ program at Instituto Franklin-UAH. The percentage of academic papers focusing on cultural aspects written by these students who acted as Language Assistants (LAs) in bilingual schools in Spain is quite high. This suggests the importance of the cultural component in the teaching of English as a second language and their high level of sociocultural awareness. Thus, this paper has several objectives: a) to determine the existence of a specific sociocultural awareness in research papers; b) to identify the cultural aspects that were considered essential by the LAs in this program and show the strategies used to provide information; and c) to compare findings considering the theoretical background. The method will rely on a mixt approach considering quantitative and qualitative analyses and will be specific for each of the objectives.

Existe una abundante bibliografía acerca de en qué consiste la comunicación académica, cómo se debe investigar y el protocolo para comunicar lo investigado. Sin embargo, no es inusual encontrarte como editor o como revisor, trabajos que, independientemente de su valía como investigación, están pobremente presentados. En este artículo me gustaría resumir algunos de los errores comunes que cometen los investigadores que no están habituados a escribir artículos científicos y mostrar algunas pautas de solución a esos errores. (As editor or reviewer is common to find work, regardless of their value as research, are poorly presented. This is true even though there is abundant literature on what constitutes scholarly communication, how to investigate and the protocol to communicate research. In this article, I summarize some of the common mistakes that researchers who are not used to write papers do. And I show some guidelines to fix these errors.)

HTML clipboard PROBLEM: the authors fail to write a manuscript in a way that is accessible to readers of a general journal. OBJECTIVE: Point out that scientific manuscripts published by OBJN must follow the IMRaD style (introduction, methods, results and discussion) or DMPAEP and should have a structured abstract and a structured discussion. METHOD: Fast class about writing a manuscript. CONCLUSION: The OBJN argues for including "writing for publication" as subject of the research methodology nursing discipline.

This paper aims to provide a practical, summarized, and clear guide of steps to carry out a systematic review and is aimed at researchers in the field of Health Sciences. The review process runs from the initial questioning to the final report, providing useful information on tools available at each stage. Systematic review and meta-analysis are currently the evidence synthesis tools of the highest level of scientific quality. They are in themselves a secondary research methodology, whose objective is to locate, evaluate, and synthesize the best evidence by selecting original papers or quality primary publications. The procedure to achieve the objective is presented as a sequential and systematized process, in stages, following the transparency principle, so as to ensure its replicability.

At the end of the first decade of the present century debates arose in social epidemiology. These debates set those who defend the existence of a relation between the political and/or welfare stage regime and the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in health against those who maintain the facts do not support such a relation. These debates are similar to other debates in epidemiology in the 1990s related with theories of how diseases are produced and the factors that determine their distribution in the population. Whereas some authors find it impossible to separate ethical and political aspects and professional values from scientific arguments, others consider that epidemiologists and other scientists should make an effort to distinguish between scientific and unscientific considerations. In this paper the author reflects about the harmony that keep science, politics and ethics in the scientific practice on health inequalities, although the empirical evidence is contrary to that harmonious effect.

Dada la necesidad creciente de aportar evidencias sobre la calidad de la investigación desarrollada y el impacto que las publicaciones tienen en el entorno profesional y académico, se hace necesario que el investigador conozca las diferentes herramientas que existen. El objetivo de este trabajo es sistematizar y revisar los principales recursos que proporcionan indicios de calidad de la investigación realizada y que son actualmente aceptados por la comunidad científica-académica. (Given the need to provide proof of the quality of research done and the impact that publications have in the professional and academic environment, researchers increasingly need to become acquainted with the different tools that exist. The objective of this paper is to systematize and review the main resources that give indications of the quality of research that are currently accepted by the scientific-academic community.)

This paper is a reflexive essay on public health research in Latin America, which is a result of the market's intervention in the manner in which research is conducted. In this regard, global conflicts of interest -caused by pharmaceutical, agroindustrial and extraction companies- influence the homogenization of the research conducted in the field of health. This is how medical education, scientific papers and marketing are useful for inserting and standardizing research formats. Likewise, free trade agreements appear as one of the strategies of the global ideology influencing the object of research, the reasons behind it and how it is conducted. These strategies tend to nullify critical thinking, which is necessary for discussing aspects that are absent from most studies on public health. An example of this would be the influence of environmental pollution on human health, one of the most concerning issues for the Latin American population

This paper examines stakeholder communication and interaction dynamics in place branding processes in order to inform alternative participatory place branding models. The paper draws from critical communications and branding theory to argue that place brand identities are the result of mediated messages in the public sphere. Consequently, place branding processes need to be observed as communicative exchanges. Through a case study of Australia’s southern and only island state of Tasmania, the research employs participatory action research combined with the method of sociological intervention to explore stakeholders’ communicative interaction patterns and engagement in place branding processes. Participants representing formal and informal stakeholders engaged in communicating meaning about places were invited to participate in a series of interviews and focus group discussions that allowed a unique self-reflective process and analysis of practices and power-geometries. The proposed quasi-real scenario led to an understanding of the impediments for communication and to scoping alternative modes of engagement towards effective stakeholder communication to support the development of resilient place brand identities. The findings of the exploration contribute to theoretical development of the field by providing an analysis of the nature of stakeholder interactions and communication patterns, impediments and opportunities for greater communication and collaboration towards a common purpose. On a practical level, the study can also inform the development of participatory models of place brand development. Finally, the method proposed here can serve as a practical tool to foster stakeholder engagement in processes of cocreation of place brand identities.

Twenty years of Spanish psychological research in Psicothema (1989-2008). Scientific collaboration and gender equality are two spheres of great interest for the organizations responsible for instigating scientific policies. We have identified the research groups and women's contribution to one of the most outstanding Spanish psychology journals. We have selected papers published during the 1989-2008 period in Psicothema. A bibliometric and network analysis was carried out using the Pajek Software tool. We have analysed 1,718 papers, written by 2,423 authors, 53.45% men and 47.54% women. We have identified 86 research groups made up of 293 researchers. We have observed a high increase of productivity and collaboration in the 1999-2008 period, as well as the consolidation, growth, and evolution of many incipient groups identified in the 1989-1998 period, benefiting from the increased interest and prestige of the journal. Despite the increase in the number of women, rising from 35.71% in 1989 to 48.48 in 2008, we have observed an imbalance with regard to productivity and the order of signatures, where women are relegated to intermediate positions.

The Faculty of Pharmacy of Santiago de Compostela was founded in 1857, but research activities did not start until the beginning of the 20th century. The new Spanish regulations promoting the experimentation at universities and the stages of professors and recently graduated students outside Spain contributed to generate a remarkable research group in a provincial university. The excessive university centralism at that time in Spain and the characteristics of the headquarters of the faculty -- a 16th century Renaissance palace -- hindered, in general, the research development. However, the scientific spirit of professors and students, and their work were imposed and they achieved an estimable status in pharmacy research in Galicia. The facilities were the staff's highest priority and it raised more than a protest. A remarkable investment in apparatuses and laboratory materials was carried out and researchers started to publish original research papers in local journals, such as the "Revista de farmacia," published by their own University. In the previous years to the Spanish Civil War (1936) the research status in drug development and the background of the staff and students were important, allowing them to join the military laboratory that Franco's army created at the faculty of pharmacy. The research work continued in a small scale and was specially focused on the production of "copy drugs" coping European specific drugs which were scarce at that time. The first third of the 20th century was the germ of the great research prestige that the Faculty of Pharmacy of Santiago de Compostela enjoys at present.

Background: The need to evaluate curricula for sponsorship for research projects or professional promotion, has led to the search for tools that allow an objective valuation. However, the total number papers published, or citations of articles of a particular author, or the impact factor of the Journal where they are published are inadequate indicators for the evaluation of the quality and productivity of researchers. The h index, proposed by Hirsch, categorises the papers according to the number of citations per article. This tool appears to lack the limitations of other bibliometric tools but is less useful for non English-speaking authors., Aims: To propose and debate the usefulness of the existing bibliometric indicators and tools for the evaluation and categorization of researchers and scientific journals., Methods: Search for papers on bibliometric tools., Results: There are some hot spots in the debate on the national and international evaluation of researchers' productivity and quality of scientific journals. Opinions on impact factors and h index have been discussed. The positive discrimination, using the Q value, is proposed as an alternative for the evaluation of Spanish and Iberoamerican researchers., Conclusions: It is very important de-mystify the importance of bibliometric indicators. The impact factor is useful for evaluating journals from the same scientific area but not for the evaluation of researchers' curricula. For the comparison of curricula from two or more researchers, we must use the h index or the proposed Q value. the latter allows positive discrimination of the task for Spanish and Iberoamerican researchers.

This article describes and reflects on research related to the teaching and learning of foreign languages in Mexico published in indexed journals between 2012 and 2021. The paper is organized into four sections: the first provides an overview of the context in which research in this field is being carried out in Mexico, while the second presents the conceptual approach and methodology used. The third section describes the central results related to the publica-tions reviewed, and the fourth section closes with some conclusions and final reflections.

In the first third of the twentieth century, relations among American and Spanish university women began; particularly the relationship between the JAE and the International Institute for Girls in Spain had a positive influence in the education of women scientists in Spain. An interchange of students and teachers came out from this relationship, and Spanish women received scholarships to stay in American universities. The history of the Foster Laboratory and some biographical notes of her founder are included in the paper.

In the process of assessing public policies, it is necessary to use a methodology that adequately guides data acquisition. This paper aims to guide researchers in the type of methodology that should be used in a research study on public policies. In order to explore the different methodological perspectives to study public policies, this paper focuses both on a qualitative research approach and on document tracking and analysis. The findings show that methodologies for conducting studies on public policies, which guide the research process, fall into three categories: qualitative, quantitative and integrative methodologies. Public policies can be assessed using two approaches, and studies can be conducted either during or after policy implementation. However, these two methodologies do not exhaust the explanation and objective evaluation of these policies; therefore, it is paramount to use a mixed approach.

This communication presents a protocol in order to show the different phases that must be followed in order to validate the INCODE barometer, which is used to measure the innovation competence, with Rasch Measurement Theory. Five phases are stated: dimensionality analysis, individual reliability and validity analysis of ítems and persons, global reliability and validity analysis, and cathegory analysis.

The mail goal of this work is to analyze and synthesize the research on teaching methods of Lean Management through games. For this a systematic literature review has been carried out. The main results show: a) A classification of the literature and the main topics consi- dered, b) a bibliometric analysis, and c) a discussion of the empirical evidence. Finally, we propose new opportunities and challenges that should be addressed by future research.

Objective: To describe the overall characteristics of prospective studies on vaccines in children, performed by Spanish investigators and published between 1990 and 1998., Methods: Through a bibliographic research on MEDLINE and EMBASE, 24 prospective studies, performed in Spain, published as original papers, and with objectives directly related to the administration of vaccines to children have been identified. These studies were grouped as: clinical trials (group A), studies performed on established vaccination programmes (group B), and those that could not be included in the above mentioned groups (group C)., Results: 5, 9 and 10 studies belonged to groups A, B and C, respectively. More than 12,800 subjects participated in these studies, belonging to both normal population or specific risk groups. In 11 studies, the study population comprised newborns and infants. The vaccines under investigation were: hepatitis B (10 studies), DTPe/Pa (6), MMR (3), flu (2), Hib (1), hepatitis A (1), and meningococcus A and C (1) to address different objectives (in most of them, immunogenicity and/or reactogenicity). Nine had external financial support; 21 were performed by hospital and/or primary care investigators, and 18 in the Vasque Coutry, Madrid or Valencia. 13 publications reported obtaining informed consent, and 8 on the approval of the study protocol by an independent committee. Ten studies were published by international journals., Conclusions: This study shows that most of the studies are conducted by clinicians, with vaccines targetted to newborns and infants, with no external financial support, in a small number of autonomous communities, and usually published in Spanish Journals. The submission of this type of studies to a research ethics committee is desirable, something done to a lesser extent than obtaining informed consent.

During the last two decades Brazil has produced more than 80 scientific papers on carotenoids, most of which dealing with food composition, development of analytical methodology and the factors that influence composition. Varietal differences, agricultural practices, climate and stage of maturity, as well as food storage, processing and preparation are the main influencing factors. Studies on bioavailability and the functions and actions in health have also been carried out and are expanding. Recently, interest has grown on the degradation of carotenoids with the production of either desirable or undesirable aroma/flavor in foods. For the future, analytical and compositional studies should continue to enlarge the basis for agronomic, nutritional, medical and biotechnological projects. It is fundamental that the quality of analytical data continues to receive top priority, for this can mean the difference between reliable and confounding results, regardless of the sub-area of application.

Background: Previous studies have shown a sparing utilization of analytical and experimental designs in Spanish clinical research journals. The study aims are to compare among countries, the use of epidemiologic method in articles published in scientific journals, and to determine the extent to which this research has direct funding., Methods: Cross-sectional study including all original papers published during 1994 in Medicina Clinica [(Med Clin (Barc)], Revista Clinica Española (Rev Clin Esp), The Lancet (Lancet) and New England Journal of Medicine (N Engl J Med). They were classified according to epidemiological design and we verified the financial support mention., Results: 594 papers were included. Epidemiological studies without control group prevailed in Spanish journals. The most common designs were descriptive studies in Med Clin (Barc), with 45.5%, and clinical series in Rev Clin Esp, with 41.7%. The 33.6% of original papers published in Lancet and 28.4% of N England J Med were randomized trials. We found information about financial support in 73.7% of papers published in Lancet, in 77.4% of N Engl J Med, in 23.1% of Med Clin (Barc) papers and not one in the Rev Clin Esp studies., Conclusions: In Spanish clinical journals the use of epidemiological methods with control group is limited and direct financial support unusual. Wherefore these studies have a limited applicability.

Any investigation in the health sciences should have a plan or proposal to answer a specific research question. This document, designed for persons preparing for or already pursuing a research project, describes the conceptual framework related with a research proposal, from the study design until its implementation. The objective of this document is to summarize different theoretical aspects that should be considered in a research project, including pertinent references that might be used to deepen the discussion. First, a series of definitions related to the scientific method are presented and then the processes to carry out a research proposal including common epidemiologic designs are illustrated. In addition, a series of research questions that can serve as a guide to perform a critical analysis of published papers are included. Finally, an interdisciplinary group integrated by health professionals with the clinical expertise and health professionals with the necessary skills in biostatistics and epidemiology to undertake a sound scientific research is recommended.

Abstract The presence of psychoanalytic theory in Brazilian Universities is no surprise; however, the creation of Graduate Programs in psychoanalysis has highlighted the issue of research. This paper comes to join the debate on the legitimacy of academic research in psychoanalysis in Brazil, especially regarding its methodological specificity. In highlighting four historical moments, we sought to identify transference flows, which cross the analyzed texts, and to outline lineages of affiliation related to academic research in this discipline. Although the psychoanalytic method escapes the demands of university, psychoanalysts engage in efforts to propose methodologies with their own theoretical and clinical assumptions. The presence of psychoanalysis in Brazilian academy has allowed advances that would otherwise have been impossible given the differences between the demands of university and psychoanalytic institutions.

This paper calls into question the central tenets of the Dancer-Researcher-Performer (BPI) method taught at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) in Brazil. The analysis problematizes the underlying assumption that students lack an awareness of their own Brazilianness, which they must find through BPI, and questions a choreographic methodology where students are coached to be possessed by the dance. The paper draws attention to the power imbalances inherent in BPI’s co-habitation experience, where students research marginal others who are understood as the source of authentic Brazilian culture. The paper invites BPI students and teachers to reconsider the ethics of this research methodology, and to consider the possibility of choreographic research that engages both mind and body critically and consciously.

Most companies nowadays have already implemented on-premise or cloud -based ERP systems into their IT infraestrutures. These packages allow firms to integrate, standardize and execute the whole business processes in real time, improving their productivity and operational efficiency. Previous studies highlight their beneficial effects go beyond the single firm. Indeed, ERP system can assist supply‐chain partners to work in close coordination. In order to reach a better understanding in this matter, the present study aims to develop a comprehensive framework. This will represent the benefits derived from ERP adoption in Supply Chain performance. In doing so, we applied an interpretive structural modelling (ISM). Finally, we provide a case study that explores the viability of this framework.

With growing sustainability concern in mind, firms seek to implement reverse logistic systems in their operations. However, if these practices were not properly implemented, they would be costly and even ineffective. In order to guide company efforts, the present study provide a comprehensive framework based on two dimensions. On one hand, it suits a reverse logistic management model stage-by-stage. On the other hand, the framework brings together concrete measures to optimize SC sustainability from three perspectives: operative, economical and environmental. The proposed framework thus allow to balance reverse logistic practices and SC sustainability. Furthermore, we validated it by analysing six real case in different industries. Findings highlight how reverse logistic activities may improve each SC sustainability dimension.

This paper examines the current landscape of design research in the United Kingdom (UK) with a particular focus on UK research councils’ funded projects that aim to make a positive change to society. In recent years, design research in the UK has grown massively in terms of the number of students studying for a postgraduate degree (Masters and PhD), the number of institutions undertaking research, and both the quantity and quality of design-led inter- and multi-disciplinary collaborative research projects. The ongoing work presented here has involved significant data analysis and visualization of over 18,000 funded research projects in the UK. The paper highlights the recent ‘social turn’ and the increasingly collaborative nature of design for change research projects in the UK. The paper also describes some key characteristics found in and across present day design for change research projects

This paper aims to point out the prevalence that has existed in looking at sexuality from an approach that raises the repressive hypothesis as its horizon. This is to saythat sexuality has been largely repressed and analyzed as a constrained space by different actors, laws, institutions, cultures, etc. The above has been influenced in Latin America by using a framework of analysis of "power to" and "power on", that looks al power as good or bad, depending on its purpose and results. This view of the repressive hypothesis directly influences the way in how it is investigated, the questions asked and the results that are obtained.This paper aims to present the theoretical and analytical potential of Foucault's theory in these studies in order to allow another type of approach to these issues to move away from looking atsexuality as a site of repression or liberation.

"The purpose of this paper is to assess urban research in Mexico during the 1980s.... The study is divided into three sections: 1) continuing themes; 2) new themes on urban issues; [and] 3) state policies regarding urban issues. The author notes that in the 1980s, research was conducted for the purpose of analyzing urban realities more explicitly.... She also offers a description of studies that attempt to link state policies, the actors involved, and their impact (or lack of it) on urbanization processes, and discusses the regulatory functions carried out by the state." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)

This report describes the 7th European Judo Science & Research Symposium & 6th Scientific and Professional Conference - "Applicable research in judo" held in Poreč, Croatia on June 19-20, 2023. The two-day conference included three keynote speakers on the first day and 20 oral presentations divided into two sections. The second day included four practical sessions, which closed the program. The conference proceedings book was published, which includes 24 papers. The conference was again impeccably organised and had an outstanding return after the Covid-19 interruption, with many exciting topics presented by researchers and judo practitioners. Additionally, slightly more judo coaches and ex-athletes joined the conference, bringing us one step closer to tightening the gap between judo science and coaching.

This is an attempt at putting down how I experienced ‘research’, while conducting an ethnographic field work at a fishing village as part of a project to understand experiences of ‘uncertainty’. I will first describe for the reader what seeded/triggered this write up—the unease I experienced during my initial days at the village. This shall be followed by detailing my disposition with respect to the particular project in question here and how I arrived at the village. In the second half of the paper, through reflection, recollection and excerpts from my field notes, I will try to illustrate how notions of consent, rapport, data etc shaped and constrained my experience during (and of) the field study and what effect it had on my being. I do not intend to argue for or against certain practices or arrive at some conclusion, but wish to seek resonances and conversations with those who may have had similar experiences.

Introduction Asian natural health practices are increasingly present in the physical and sporting habits of the Western population. In particular, the Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) and Qigong (QG) have become an everyday activity that can be performed both in parks and sports facilities in Western cities. The impact of these activities on a global level is very difficult to measure, however, given the lack of statistics on the number of practitioners, associations and existing schools. The degree of acceptance that these disciplines have achieved can be measured by the number of informative publications about them. According to the study by Perez and Gutierrez (2008), 215 (62.3 %) of the 345 papers published between 1960 and 2006 on Chinese martial arts were on QG, and 115 (33.3 %) papers were on TCC, implying that both practices represented 95.6 percent of these publications. More importantly, during the 1990-1999 and 2000-2006 time periods, TCC came to occupy the top of monographs published, ahead of the rest of all forms of Chinese, Japanese and Korean martial arts; during the last time period, QG represented the third most published. According to the authors, the rise of this activity can be attributed to motivation changes for sports. Health, personal development, education, and socialization, as opposed to competition, have become increasingly important goals, which both TCC and QG fit perfectly.

The objective of this study is to map the international networks of research, circulation, and scientific communication in the history of education, at a global level. In order to do so, we analyse the activity of the International Standing Conference for the History of Education (ISCHE). The focus is placed on the following: the make-up and organisation of the community of education historians; the arenas set up to encourage collaboration, debate and consensus in research in the field; collaboration among researchers, and the influence of transnational perspectives; avenues of research and areas of focus; and the communication channels by which ideas and findings are published and exchanged. The documentary sources used are the minutes of ISCHE annual congresses and general assemblies, alongside other research and previous studies. The main variables are: the language in which papers are published; the countries from which the authors come; international collaboration among authors; the historical period analysed; and the country or region being studied. After examining over 3600 contributions, we conclude that, globally, the international network in history of education is in good health, and there is an appetite for research with an international focus. However, there is room for improvement by promoting more extensive international collaboration among researchers, expanding the scope of research to take a supranational or even global view, and extending the study of the history of education to pre-modern times.