29 results
Search Results
2. Decolonizzazione e decolonizzazioni: una ricostruzione storica
- Author
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Lucio Valent
- Subjects
Europa ,Africa ,Asia ,decolonizzazione ,Guerra Fredda ,Portogallo ,Language and Literature ,Literature (General) ,PN1-6790 - Abstract
This paper analyses Decolonization from an international relations point of view, trying to dispel all the superfluous ideological elements which have blurred the study of events that had presided at the birth of tens of new states and caused their inability in stabilizing themselves as international actors. A first step will be a general overview of the facts. Secondly, readers will be invited to follow an in-depth reflection through the different phases of Decolonization; because of this analysis, readers will evaluate how the paper will criticize scientific patters which have been used by historiography in an improper way for explain all events characterising the facts. The last part of the paper will take into account Portuguese decolonization, including it into the general Cold War background, placing Lisbon’s role into the wider international relations system and Western organisations (as NATO). Thanks to this analysis, readers will consider the lengthy and tragic Portuguese decolonization as an affair completely encompassed into a confrontation embracing local requests (the independence aspirations), geopolitical strategies (the bi-polar confrontation) and ideological motives. A dreadful combination which caused tragic consequences for African speaking-Portuguese countries.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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3. Population and development beyond the first demographic transition: a focus on the experience of east and southeast Asian countries
- Author
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Gavin W. Jones
- Subjects
Asia ,Fertilidad ,Desarrollo ,Equidad ,Educación ,Demography. Population. Vital events ,HB848-3697 - Abstract
This paper covers a wide scope, focusing on some trends in East and Southeast Asia that may be of interest to Latin America. The first demographic transition has essentially been completed in both regions. The issue is what should now be the focus of our consideration of population and development? East Asian countries are now stressing issues of ultra-low fertility, and policies to raise fertility. They are not comfortable with the prospect of making up future deficits through international migration. The paper also deals briefly with studies of dynamics of change in mega-urban regions, and argues that comparative studies on Latin America and Asia could be valuable. Issues of poverty, development, and equity are then addressed, with particular emphasis on the role of education as a key to equality and development. One dilemma is that in East Asia, the generally commendable obsession with education is one factor making for very low levels of fertility. Finally, the paper touches on population and environmental issues.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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4. Reflections about the social determinants of art and design: noise music in Latin America and Asia
- Author
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Dimitri della Faille
- Subjects
Latin America ,Asia ,music ,sociology ,politics ,territory ,Drawing. Design. Illustration ,NC1-1940 ,Visual arts ,N1-9211 - Abstract
The paper is based on the author’s experience performing noise or experimental music in Latin America, East and South East Asia. In this paper, the author reflects on some social determinants of art and design. Dimensions such as technology, territory, identity, social characteristics and social acceptance are discussed. Additional topics such as class, gender, politics are covered. The author concludes that these do not shape the practice of noise music, they are also elements which provide frameworks on which artists and designer built
- Published
- 2015
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5. O novo regionalismo econômico asiático New asian economic regionalism
- Author
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Silvio Miyazaki
- Subjects
Regionalismo ,Ásia ,Comércio ,Acordos Comerciais ,Regionalism ,Asia ,Trade ,Trade Agreements ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 - Abstract
Os acordos preferenciais de comércio têm crescido no Pacífico Asiático desde 1998, após a crise financeira que atingiu aquela região. Esse crescimento do número de áreas de comércio é chamado de Novo Regionalismo Asiático. Este artigo apresenta essa nova onda de integração econômica na região, focalizando o comércio, cujas características são: a participação em negociações comerciais de países que antes não eram membros de áreas preferenciais de comércio; os países serem membros de mais de um acordo de comércio regional; muitos dos acordos em negociação cruzarem regiões do mundo e muitos dos novos acordos serem bilaterais. São apresentados os conceitos e a classificação das diferentes formas de integração econômica, os benefícios e as limitações que os acordos preferenciais de comércio trazem às economias; em seguida, são analisadas as áreas de integração econômica existentes e as que estão em processo de negociação na região do Pacífico Asiático. São examinadas, também, as principais causas do Novo Regionalismo Asiático: além da crise asiática, a perda da credibilidade de organismos regionais e do sistema multilateral de comércio, a ampliação das áreas preferenciais de comércio em outras regiões do mundo e a competição de natureza econômica e política entre os países da região. Conclui-se que, se efetivamente houver a integração entre as economias, haverá um novo ciclo de crescimento da economia asiática, em particular do Leste e do Sudeste Asiáticos, prosseguindo com o modelo de crescimento liderado pelas exportações.Preferential trade agreements have been grown in Asia Pacific since 1998, hence after this region faced financial crisis. The growing of those trade areas is called New Asian Economic Regionalism. This paper shows this new wage of regional economic integration, focusing the trade, whose main features are: include countries that were not previously member of any preferential trade area; economies are members of more than one regional trade agreements; some of new agreements cross world's geographic regions and many of the new agreements are bilateral. The paper gives economic integration definition and classification and the benefits and the limits that preferential trade agreements lead to economies. It is analyzed the areas of economic integration have existed yet and those in negotiation process in Asia Pacific region. Causes of the New Asian Economic Regionalism are analyzed: financial crisis of Asia, regional organisms and multilateral trade system lost of credibility, increasing preferential trade in other regions of the world and economic and political competition between countries of Asia. Conclusion is that if really there is integration between the economies, there will be a new cycle of Asian economic growth, mainly in East and Southeast Asia, continuing the economic model led by exports.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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6. Decolonial Theory in East Asia? Outlining a Shared Paradigm of Epistemologies of the South
- Author
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Jordi Serrano-Muñoz
- Subjects
Asia ,colonialism ,epistemological decolonization ,global South ,theory of knowledge ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper explores the challenges and potentialities of establishing a shared paradigm of transformative knowledge based on the dialogue between East Asian experiences and the rest of the global South, particularly Latin America. It gathers and organizes a general overview of significant attempts of framing East Asian struggles within resistances against Western hegemonic epistemological impositions. It makes the case for seeking shared links and critical differences that can help to incorporate East Asian experiences within the paradigm of epistemologies of the South. This study also problematizes the articulation of a propositional methodology of comparison that could nurture the production of local, decolonial approaches and foster the exchange of practices and knowledges from and to East Asia.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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7. Asia, la Cuarta Transformación y el cambio de poder global
- Author
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Laborde, Adolfo Alberto, Maldonado, Marcela, Universidad Anáhuac, and Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
- Subjects
Asia ,Política exterior ,México ,Transición de poder ,Globalización ,Foreign policy ,4T ,Mexico ,Globalization ,Power transition - Abstract
This paper mainly places Mexico’s national interests within its foreign policy, as part of the transformation context that Mexico is currently undergoing, known as The Fourth Transformation –4T. It takes into account changes in the global balance of power and presents alternatives in this area, which will contribute to their accomplishment. Based on the importance of diversifying international economic trade relationships, as a key factor to eliminate dependence on the North American market, Mexican exports to the American market accounted for 76% of the total exports in 2018 according to the Secretariat of Economy (2019). Consequently, this paper is based on the assumption that “while the country’s political and economic diversification is necessary, there are still no clear strategies, as opposed to the proposals made by our main partners in the world, especially those in Asia (China, South Korea, and Japan), which have recently shown interest in strengthening their ties with Mexico.” To this end, an analysis is conducted using the neorealist approach of international relationships, of the sources of power by Joseph S. Nye Jr. (2011), and of the power transition theory by Tammen (2000)., El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal ubicar los intereses nacionales mexicanos dentro de su política exterior, en el contexto de la transformación que hoy se experimenta en México, denominada la Cuarta Transformación —4T—, considerando los cambios en el equilibrio de poder global, así como exponer alternativas en la materia que coadyuven a cumplirlos. Partiendo de la importancia de la diversificación de las relaciones económicas comerciales con el exterior como elemento clave para dejar de depender del mercado de Norte América, que de acuerdo a la Secretaría de Economía (2019) en México, las exportaciones mexicanas hacia el mercado estadounidense representaron 76% del total en el año 2018. De ahí que el presente trabajo parte del supuesto de que a pesar de que la diversificación política y económica del país es una necesidad, aún no hay estrategias claras frente a las propuestas vertidas por nuestros principales socios en el mundo, especialmente los de Asia (China, Corea del Sur y Japón), que recientemente han mostrado un interés en profundizar sus lazos con México. Para ello, se realizará un análisis bajo el enfoque neorrealista de las relaciones internacionales, de las fuentes del poder de Joseph S. Nye Jr. (2011), así como de la teoría de la transición de poder Tammen (2000).
- Published
- 2020
8. El 'Siglo Jesuita' de las Islas Marianas, 1662-1769
- Author
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Armando Francisco Azúa García
- Subjects
History ,Asia ,Diego Luis de San Vítores ,06 humanities and the arts ,Misioneros ,Historia ,060104 history ,Extrañamiento ,Filipinas ,General Energy ,Research studies ,0601 history and archaeology ,Humanities ,Siglo XVII - Abstract
Este escrito expone la manera en la que los miembros de la Compañía de Jesús implementaron su proyecto misionero en el archipiélago de las Islas Marianas. Este escrito discutirá cómo el proyecto fue impulsado por el jesuita burgalés Diego Luis de San Vítores, y se explica cómo la actividad misionera que se realizó adaptaba las experiencias misioneras que a la sazón la Compañía ejecutaba en el norte del virreinato novohispano, en las inmediaciones del Paraguay y en los territorios de la India y de China. El escrito concluye cronológicamente, con la expulsión de los jesuitas de las islas de Guam y las Marianas, un siglo más tarde, This research studies the ways by which the members of the Society of Jesus carried out their missionary project at the Mariana Islands. It describes how this project was led by Diego Luis de San Vítores, a Jesuit born in Burgos. Moreover, this paper explains how the missionary activity of the Jesuits suited the experiences which the Society was performing by the time in places such as the Northern part of the New Spain Viceroyalty, the unexplored regions of Paraguay and the Indian and Chinese territories. The paper concludes in chronological terms, concerning the expulsion of the Jesuits from the Guam and Mariana Islands
- Published
- 2019
9. The crisis and its global repercussions. East Asia and North America
- Author
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López Villafañe, Víctor
- Subjects
América del Norte ,respuestas ,Asia ,financial crisis ,México ,Ciencias Jurídicas ,crisis financiera ,lcsh:International relations ,lcsh:Political science ,Este asiático ,Política ,Relaciones Internacionales ,Norteamérica ,North America ,responses ,crisis monetaria ,lcsh:J ,lcsh:JZ2-6530 - Abstract
En este artículo se trabajan las repercusiones de la crisis económica de los Estados Unidos del año 2008 en Japón, China (en estos dos casos, por las fuertes vinculaciones económicas y financieras existentes entre el Este de Asia y los EE.UU.) y México (por la relación de dependencia existente, en términos económicos, como consecuencia del NAFTA), analizando las modificaciones en el reparto del poder mundial en la primera mitad del siglo XXI., The present paper examines how the economic crisis that hit the United States in 2008 has affected Japan, China (in these two cases, due to the strong economic and financial ties that join East Asia and the U.S.) and Mexico (due to the ties of economic dependence created by the NAFTA). The paper rhen analyzes the changes in the distribution of power in the world during the first half of the 21st century., Sección Estudios., Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales (IRI)
- Published
- 2018
10. The Asian Examples and Perspectives
- Author
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Shin’ichi Suzuki and Parimala V Rao
- Subjects
Asia ,History of Education ,Modern education ,Japan ,Malaysia ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 - Abstract
In this special issue we address how modern education crosses the borders of states, cultures and ethnicities towards developing universalistic perspectives. The Present Special Issue consists of 6 articles, 5 of them are on modernization of education in Japan and the remaining one discusses the issues concerning school education in Malaysia. Each paper illustrates the readers some of the typical phases of educational transitions which have been commonly observed in Asia. They represent reflexively and historically the educational situations which have been surrounding us all.
- Published
- 2018
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11. Una ridiscussione dei concetti di home e identity nell’Asia globalizzata: il caso di These Foolish Things (2004) e How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia (2013)
- Author
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Alessia Polatti
- Subjects
Asia ,confini ,globalizzazione ,home ,identity ,letteratura ,Language and Literature ,Literature (General) ,PN1-6790 - Abstract
The evolution of postcolonial studies in the last thirty years and the development of a transnational approach in literary studies (Jay 2010) have led to a renewed interest towards the subaltern voices, especially in relation to the phenomena of migration and diaspora and their global effects. In this light, the idea of 'home' is characterized by a sort of porosity and by a new geographical and emotional conceptualization which inevitably influences the personal and collective identities of migrant communities. The aim of the paper is to analyze these topics from a cultural and literary standpoint through the examination of the two different kinds of migrant flows and postcolonial scenarios depicted in These Foolish Things (2004) by the English author Deborah Moggach, and How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia (2013) by the Pakistan novelist Mohsin Hamid. In these novels, the chaotic Indian framework – the former margin of the British empire – is torn between its colonial past and the current effects of the permeability of its borders. It is, therefore, a perfect global context, wherein the experiences and the feelings of the modern Indian identities are reinterpreted by the two authors.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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12. China’s Dollar-linked Hong Kong during the Global Crisis
- Author
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Quah Chee-Heong
- Subjects
China ,Hong Kong ,U.S. ,Asia ,currency ,dollar ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
This paper explores the domestic price level and trade competitiveness of Hong Kong in addition to the compatibility of this dollar-based currency board to the criteria inspired by the optimum currency area (OCA) theory. On price and competitiveness, findings point out that during the turmoil Hong Kong had not performed as well as that in the past and an apparent reason for this is the inflows of hot capital from abroad especially of the US that fuelled rising property prices. On conformity to the OCA criteria, the findings broadly corroborate the fixed exchange regime with the US as the monetary anchor country but at the same time China appears as a prospective contender to US as the monetary anchor. In the longer run, amidst the prolonged economic and monetary weaknesses in the US plus the emergence of renminbi as a global currency, Hong Kong might as well unify its exchange rate with the Chinese money.
- Published
- 2019
13. Not All is Lost in Translation: World Varieties of Cosmopolitanism
- Author
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Delanty, Gerard
- Subjects
Asia ,cosmopolitismo chino ,cosmopolitismo ,eurocentrismo ,historia global ,poscolonialismo ,traducción cultural ,universalismo ,Àsia ,cosmopolitisme xinès ,cosmopolitisme ,eurocentrisme ,història global ,postcolonialisme ,traducció cultural ,universalisme ,Asia, Chinese cosmopolitanism ,cosmopolitanism ,cultural translation ,Eurocentrism ,global history ,post-colonialism ,universalism - Abstract
Un desafiament important dels molts que avui es plantegen al pensament cosmopolita és el problema de la traducció conceptual i cultural, atès que el cosmopolitisme pot ser altament rellevant per a certs desenvolupaments del pensament indi i xinès, fins i tot quan no es fa servir el mateix terme en les fonts o interpretacions. S’aborden tres problemes: les posicions universalistes contra les contextualistes; l’eurocentrisme i el problema de les traduccions conceptuals i culturals entre el pensament occidental i el no occidental. L’argument central és que el pensament cosmopolita s’ha d’expandir més enllà de la seva genealogia occidental per incloure altres tradicions. Tanmateix, la solució no depèn simplement d’identificar aquelles tradicions culturals alternatives a les occidentals que poden contenir diferents tipus de valors cosmopolites, sinó de trobar, en aquestes diferents tradicions culturals, recursos per a una cosmopolítica. D’aquesta manera, el cosmopolitisme crític cerca plantejar una alternativa tant a les posicions contextualistes fortes com a les posicions universalistes fortes., Of the many challenging issues facing cosmopolitan thought today, a major one is the problem of conceptual and cultural translation, since it is often the case that cosmopolitanism is highly relevant to Indian and Chinese thought, even though the term itself is not used in the sources or in the interpretations. Three problems are addressed, namely universalist versus contextualist positions, Eurocentrism, and the problem of conceptual and cultural translations between western and non-western thought. The central argument is that cosmopolitanism thought needs to expand beyond its western genealogy to include other world traditions. However, the solution is not simply to identify alternative cultural traditions to western ones which might be the carriers of different kinds of cosmopolitan values, but identifying in these different cultural traditions resources for cosmopolitics. In this way, critical cosmopolitanism seeks to find an alternative both to strong contextualist as well as strong universalist positions., Un importante desafío de los muchos que hoy se plantean al pensamiento cosmopolita es el problema de la traducción conceptual y cultural, puesto que el cosmopolitismo puede ser altamente relevante para ciertos desarrollos del pensamiento indio y chino, incluso cuando no se utiliza el mismo término en las fuentes o interpretaciones. Se abordan tres problemas, a saber: las posiciones universalistas contra las contextualistas; el eurocentrismo y el problema de las traducciones conceptuales y culturales entre el pensamiento occidental y el no occidental. El argumento central es que el pensamiento cosmopolita debe expandirse más allá de su genealogía occidental para incluir otras tradiciones. Sin embargo, la solución no depende simplemente de identificar aquellas tradiciones culturales alternativas a las occidentales que puedan contener distintos tipos de valores cosmopolitas, sino de encontrar, en estas distintas tradiciones culturales, recursos para una cosmopolítica. De esta forma, el cosmopolitismo crítico busca plantear una alternativa tanto a las posiciones contextualistas fuertes como a las posiciones universalistas fuertes.
- Published
- 2015
14. Introduction: interregional relations in the world order
- Author
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Jordi Bacaria and Valeria Marina Valle
- Subjects
interregional relations ,North America ,Europe ,Asia ,global value chains ,Political science - Abstract
This article will analyse factors which, since the end of last century, have made interregional relations very important to understand the world geopolitical and economic order. Interregional relations are defined as those which pertain to relations between regions or between a given state and a given region, or within a megaregion. This evolution results from: the growing demand in the emerging economies and the interaction among them, a new framework of interregional economic relations, and the development of new commercial channels. Finally, this paper will introduce the different articled included in this issue.
- Published
- 2015
15. Llegada y consumo de cines asiáticos en Occidente
- Author
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Codó Martínez, Jordi
- Subjects
Àsia ,Consum ,Cinema ,Asia ,Cine ,Consumo ,Consumption - Abstract
Este artículo pretende identificar y analizar los ámbitos en los que se ha desarrollado, en Occidente, un creciente interés por las cinematografías asiáticas (especialmente las de Asia Oriental) en los últimos años, así como las causas que lo explican. En esta exploración se tocarán cuestiones como el papel de los festivales internacionales de cine, la emergencia de nuevos públicos, la globalización del mercado y la incidencia de los medios de comunicación. El resultado final quiere ser un sugerente esquema de relaciones antes que un examen definitivo, pues el «fenómeno del cine asiático» va a requerir muchos más estudios en un futuro próximo por tratarse, quizás, del más importante acontecimiento cinematográfico contemporáneo., This article aims to identify and analyze the areas in which it has been developed, in the West, a growing interest in Asian cinemas (especially the ones of East Asia) in recent years, as well as the causes that explain it. This exploration will touch issues such as the role of international film festivals, the emergence of new audiences, the globalization of markets and the impact of the media. The final result wants to be a suggestive outline of relations rather than a definitive examination, for the «phenomenon of Asian cinema» will require many more studies in a near future, because it is perhaps the most important event in contemporary cinema.
- Published
- 2009
16. Etanol e biodiesel como recursos energéticos alternativos: perspectivas da América Latina e da Ásia Ethanol and biofuels as alternatives energetic sources: Latin-American e Asian perspectives
- Author
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Gilmar Masiero and Heloisa Lopes
- Subjects
Biocombustíveis ,América Latina ,Ásia ,Biofuels ,Asia ,Latin America ,Political science ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 - Abstract
Este trabalho apresenta as perspectivas latino-americanas e asiáticas na emergente indústria dos biocombustiveis. As possibilidades brasileiras de participação na indústria e no comércio internacional de etanol e de biodiesel são discutidas. Uma questão sobre os possíveis parceiros "estratégicos" do Brasil neste setor é levantada: os enormes mercados consumidores de países desenvolvidos ou os emergentes e também famintos consumidores asiáticos de energia?This paper presents Latin American and Asian perspectives on the biofuels emerging industry. The Brazilian's possibilities of participation on this industry evolution and the involvement on the world trade for ethanol and biodiesel are discussed. Also, an investigation about who will be the main "strategic" partners of Brazil in this sector is made: the huge consumer markets of developed countries or the emerging and also hungry consumers of energy Asian economies?
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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17. European Union-Chinese Relations
- Author
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Víctor Pou Serradell
- Subjects
China ,UE ,Asia ,relaciones bilaterales ,cooperación ,ASEM ,Political science - Abstract
The present paper situates the relations between the European Union (EU) and China in a double framework: the general framework of UE-Asian relations, on the one hand, and the ASEM (Asia-Europe Meeting) process initiated in 1996, on the other hand. Likewise, it examines EU-Chinese relations in a specific way –including the relations of the most relevant member states of the EU with China–, the latest events that have occurred in EU-Chinese relations in the new international scenario following the 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, and the future perspectives for EU-Chinese relations.
- Published
- 2003
18. Enseñanzas de Diferentes Fábulas Chinas y Comparativa con Occidente de los Valores Culturales y Métodos de Comportamiento Social que éstas transmiten
- Author
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Ortega Suárez, Juan José, Miranda Márquez, Gonzalo, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Filologías Integradas
- Subjects
Asia ,Teaching ,Enseñanzas ,Esopo ,Oriente ,Yuyan ,Values ,Culturas ,Fables ,Cultures ,Orient ,Fábula ,Occidente ,Occident ,Valores ,Zhuangzi - Abstract
En la primera parte del presente trabajo se analizarán las fabulas de Esopo, ya que son las fundadoras de los valores de la civilización occidental y se comparara con escritos similares denominados 寓言 yuyan propios del territorio chino. Aquí se compararán tanto los aspectos normativos de los escritos, como los valores que pretenden enseñarnos, en pos de encontrar similitudes y diferencias entre ambas civilizaciones. Seguidamente se analizará el culmen de la evolución de estas formas de enseñar valores, o hacer críticas a la sociedad, en lo que creemos que actualmente es su mayor plataforma de difusión, nos referimos a las redes sociales. Trataremos sobre la expansión territorial que han tenido estas narrativas y la repercusión que ha causado el contacto con otras civilizaciones, tanto para la cultura emisora, como para la receptora. Por último, una conclusión nos dirá grosso modo si verdaderamente los comportamientos que tienen ambas sociedades, o los valores que son aceptados en una u otro cultura, difieren en gran medida de los de su objeto de comparación, o si por el contrario son más parecidos de los que podríamos pensar en un primer momento. The first part of this paper is focussed on analyzing and comparing Aesop’s fables (since those are the promoter of Western civilation’s values) with similar writings called寓言 yuyan, customary of the Chinese territory. Both normative aspects and values intended to be taught to us will be compared in order to find similarities and differences between both civilizations. Later on, the culmination of these ways of teaching values (or to criticize society) will be analyzed in what could be understood as the greatest exponent of modern society: social networks. Following that, the territorial expansion this narratives had will be discussed, as well as the impact caused by different societies getting in touch with each other, not only for the receiving culture but also for the transmitting culture. Lastly, a conclusion will assert roughly if the behaviour/values each society has differ greatly from those they are being compared to. Or whether they are more similar than we might think. Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Estudios de Asia Oriental
- Published
- 2021
19. Phillip II of Macedon: The First European. Asia and Europe as Political Concepts in Classical Greece
- Author
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Sierra Martín, César
- Subjects
Europe ,Philosophy ,Asia ,Grecia clásica ,1 - Filosofía y psicología [CDU] ,Classical Greece ,Phillip of Macedon ,Història antiga ,Europa ,Filipo de Macedonia - Abstract
El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución histórica y cultural de Europa y Asia como términos políticos en la Grecia clásica. Para ello, abordaremos fuentes de diversa índole como Esquilo, Heródoto, el escrito hipocrático Aires, aguas y lugares y el orador Isócrates. Partiremos de la equiparación inicial entre Europa (= Grecia) y Asia (= Persia) hasta alcanzar la propuesta de Isócrates de considerar a Filipo como un líder europeo. The aim of this paper is to analyse the historical and cultural evolution of Europe and Asia considered as a political terms in Classical Greece. In order to achieve this objective, we will address several primary sources such as Aeschylus’ Persians, Herodotus, the Hippocratic treatise Airs, Waters and Places and, finally, Isocrates. We will start from the Greek integration between Europe (= Greece) and Asia (= Persian Empire) in order to reach the isocratic proposal which considers Phillip of Macedon as a European leader.
- Published
- 2021
20. Asia y China ante el Covid-19: ¿Mejores respuestas?
- Author
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Lin, Jiaxi
- Subjects
China ,Pandemia ,Asia ,Derecho ,COVID-19 ,Estrategia ,Europa - Abstract
Desde inicios de 2020, la pandemia del COVID-19 golpea a la humanidad sin precedentes y paraliza el funcionamiento regular del mundo. Sin embargo, algunos países de Asia Oriental, en especial China, que fue el primer epicentro de esta pandemia, consiguieron combatir el virus y se recuperaron rápidamente de esta crisis sanitaria. Los datos de contagios de China, Japón, Corea del Sur y Vietnam contrastan tremendamente por los obtenidos de los países occidentales. En este trabajo se analizan los posibles factores que explican la gestión eficaz de la pandemia en estos países. Resulta que más allá de las restricciones radicales del control de la pandemia, sus experiencias con las enfermedades contagiosas y sus culturas en las que prevalece el colectivismo constituyen las ventajas innatas de estos países asiáticos, las que no poseen los países occidentales y que facilitan una contención más rápida y efectiva del coronavirus, The COVID-19 pandemic has hit humanity without precedent since the beginning of 2020 and paralyzes the regular functioning of the world. However, some East Asian countries, especially China, which was the first epicenter of this pandemic, managed to combat the virus and quickly recovered from this health crisis. The data on infections from China, Japan, South Korea and Vietnam contrast tremendously with those obtained from Western countries. This paper analyzes the possible factors that explain the successful management of the pandemic in these countries. It turns out that beyond the radical restrictions of pandemic control, their experiences with contagious diseases and their cultures in which collectivism prevails constitute the innate advantages of these Asian countries, those that Western countries do not have and that facilitate the faster and more effective containment of coronavirus
- Published
- 2021
21. Códices mesoamericanos
- Author
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Gonzalbo, Pablo Escalante
- Subjects
History ,Asia ,Amérique ,Asie ,HIS016000 ,encyclopédie ,America ,Mesoamerica ,historiography ,Afrique ,Mésoamérique ,histoire ,récit historique ,Codices ,conquista española ,HBAH ,escritura ,historiographie ,source historique ,conquête espagnole ,Amérique latine ,writing ,spanish conquest ,América latina ,Latin America ,Africa ,encyclopaedia - Abstract
En la Mesoamerica prehispánica, se utilizaban « libros de pinturas » hechos sobre papel indígena o piel que se cubrían de figuras pictográficas. Esta práctica era antigua, muy codificada y no desapareció con la conquista española. El autor primero empieza dando las características que singularizan estos documentos y sigue recordando cuales fueron sus usos prehispánicos y coloniales. Antes de la conquista española en estos códices se registraban varios tipos de informaciones. Podían ser religiosas, rituales, técnicas, calendáricas, geográficas, históricas o adivinatorias y servían para otros tantos usos. Con la conquista y la colonización por los Españoles, en su mayor parte, estos libros desaparecieron y solo una decena de ellos escapó a la destrucción. Sin embargo no ceso la producción aunque cambiaron los estilos bajo la influencia de los modelos europeos de dibujo. Por otro lado, algunos de los antiguos usos desaparecieron, otros se mantuvieron y algunos nuevos aparecieron. La Mésoamérique préhispanique connaissait l’usage de « livres de peintures » sur papier ou sur peau couverts de signes pictographiques. L’usage en était ancien, très codifié et cette tradition indigène perdura bien longtemps après la conquête. On trouvera ici une rapide description de ces documents puis un rappel de leurs usages préhispaniques et coloniaux. Antérieurement à la conquête espagnole, se trouvaient consignés dans les codices des types très variés d’informations : religieuses, rituelles, techniques, calendaires, géographiques, historiques ou divinatoires, elles servaient à autant d’usages. La conquête et la colonisation provoquèrent la disparition de la plupart de ces objets (une dizaine seulement survécurent) mais la production ne se tarit pas même si les styles évoluèrent sous l’influence européenne. Certains usages disparurent, d’autres se maintinrent, d’autres encore, entièrement nouveaux, apparurent. During pre-Hispanic times in Mesoamerica, the use of "painting books" on paper or on skin covered with pictographic signs was common. This practice was ancient, highly codified and an indigenous tradition that lasted long after conquest. Here, we will find a brief description of these documents and a reminder of their pre-Hispanic and colonial uses. Prior to Spanish conquest, various types of information were recorded in the codices: religious, ritual, technical, calendar, geographical, historical or divinatory; they served many purposes. Conquest and colonisation caused these objects to disappear (only a dozen survived), but their production does not stop even if the styles evolved under European influence. Some uses disappeared, others remained, while new ones appeared.
- Published
- 2020
22. Militancia diaspórica: El ciclo de acción colectiva de apoyo a las «mujeres de confort» en Europa y EEUU (2015-2016)
- Author
-
María del Pilar Álvarez
- Subjects
ASIA ,MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5 [https] ,mujeres de confort ,activismo diaspórico ,redes trasnacionales ,movimientos sociales ,violencia de género y relaciones internacionales ,REDES TRASNACIONALES ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5.6 [https] ,Political Science and International Relations ,VIOLENCIA DE GENERO Y RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES ,MUJERES DE CONFORT - Abstract
Este artículo analiza y compara el papel de la Comfort Women Justice Coalition (CWJC) en Estados Unidos y de Justice for Comfort Women (JCW) en Reino Unido durante el ciclo de protestas desatado por la red transnacional de advocacy de las «mujeres de confort» entre el 28 de diciembre de 2015 y el 30 de septiembre de 2016. La hipótesis central del trabajo es que la emergencia del activismo diaspórico –en este caso en defensa de las «mujeres de confort»– no constituye un patrón isomórfico de militancia en el exterior ni de vinculación con los actores dominantes de la red trasnacional. Articulando debates clásicos de los movimientos y redes sociales con recientes aportes sobre el activismo político en la diáspora, aquí se presenta un estudio de caso cualitativo basado en material institucional y entrevistas semiestructuradas a miembros de JCW y CWJC. This paper analyses and compares the roles of the Comfort Women Justice Coalition (CWJC) in the United States and Justice for Comfort Women UK (JCW) during the cycle of protests unleashed by the transnational “comfort women” advocacy network between December 28th 2015 and September 30th 2016. The central hypothesis of the work is that the emergence of diasporic activism – in this case in defence of “comfort women” – does not constitute an isomorphic pattern of activism from abroad nor of linkage with the dominant actors in the transnational network. By combining classic discussions of movements and social networks with recent contributions on political activism in the diaspora, a qualitative case study is presented based on institutional material and semi-structured interviews with members of the JCW and the CWJC. Fil: Alvarez, Maria del Pilar. Universidad del Salvador; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
- Published
- 2019
23. Una aproximación a las condiciones globales del desarrollo económico (dossier)
- Author
-
Crespo, Eduardo and Muñiz, Marcelo
- Subjects
RELACIONES DE PODER ,GEOPOLÍTICA ,COALICIONES POLÍTICAS ,ASIA ,DESARROLLO ECONÓMICO ,NEOLIBERALISMO ,GLOBALIZACIÓN - Abstract
Este trabajo presenta algunos conceptos basados en el modelo IEMP (redes de poder ideológico, económico, militar y político) desarrollado por Michael Mann como base metodológica para pensar procesos de desarrollo económico en perspectiva global. La hipótesis que organiza el trabajo es que las performances de las coaliciones políticas y las chances de éxito de sus programas dependen tanto de las disputas de poder entre coaliciones locales, como principalmente de las oportunidades y restricciones que se originan en la economía mundial, así como de la ubicación del país dentro del orden geopolítico de las grandes potencias. Para abordar esta idea, se realiza un breve resumen histórico de los distintos órdenes internacionales y de las respectivas oportunidades y restricciones al desarrollo en cada uno de ellos desde el siglo XIX hasta el presente neoliberal. Se apuntan algunas indicaciones para interpretar el caso de Asia Oriental, por tratarse de una región donde las pautas neoliberales no tuvieron mayores consecuencias. Finalmente se ofrecen algunas reflexiones sobre las posibilidades del desarrollo económico latinoamericano en el presente contexto geopolítico. This paper presents some concepts based on the IEMP model (networks of ideological, economic, military and political power) developed by Michael Mann as a methodological basis for thinking about economic development processes in a global perspective. The hypothesis that organizes the work is that the performances of political coalitions and the chances of success of their programs depend so much on the power struggles between local coalitions as mainly on the opportunities and constraints that arise in the world economy, of the country’s location within the geopolitical order of the great powers. In order to approach this idea, a brief historical summary of the different international orders and the respective opportunities and restrictions to the development in each of them from the nineteenth century to the present neoliberal is made. Some indications are given to interpret the case of East Asia, since it is a region where the neoliberal guidelines had no major consequences. Finally, some reflections on the possibilities of Latin American economic development are offered in the present geopolitical context.
- Published
- 2017
24. A estrutura do 'setor do sexo' no sudeste asiático. Uma realidade poliédrica
- Author
-
POZO GORDALIZA, ROSARIO, BALLESTER BRAGE, LUÍS, and ORTE SOCIAS, CARMEN
- Subjects
setor do sexo ,trabajo sexual ,Asia ,trabalho sexual ,sex industry ,sector del sexo ,Prostitution ,human rights ,Prostitución ,Derechos humanos ,Ásia ,sex work ,Direitos humanos ,Prostituição - Abstract
Este artículo estudia, mediante un análisis sistemático, los elementos más significativos de la industria del sexo en el sureste asiático. Entre ellos destacamos, en primer lugar, su compleja organización, sofisticación, diversificación y estructuración; su relación con la feminización de la pobreza, las migraciones y las minorías étnicas, el tráfico sexual y el turismo sexual creciente. En segundo lugar, hablaremos sobre su clientela, la estructura demográfica joven y el acceso al mercado de la prostitución a edades muy tempranas. Seguidamente haremos alusión a las desigualdades de género, las creencias socioculturales, religiosas y al imaginario social colectivo. A continuación incidiremos en las "prostituciones" (directas o indirectas), la idea de la elección y los límites en su producción estadística. Por último, terminamos con una propuesta orientativa para enriquecer el debate y aportar vías facilitadoras para encarar el fenómeno desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos. This paper studies the most significant elements that define the sex industry in Southeast Asia, using the systematic bibliographic revision. These include, first, its complex, organization, sophistication, diversification and structuring; Its relation with the feminization of poverty, migration and ethnic minorities, sex trafficking, and the growing sex tourism. Second, we will talk about its customers, the young demographic structure and the early access to the prostitution market. Then we shall refer to gender inequalities, cultural and religious beliefs, and the collective social imaginary. Next, we will discuss the concept of direct and indirect prostitution, the idea of choice and their limits on the statistics production. Finally we will look for some discussion to address the phenomenon from a human rights perspective. Este artigo estuda, mediante uma análise sistemática, os elementos mais significativos da indústria do sexo no sudeste asiático. Entre eles destacamos, em primeiro lugar, sua complexa organização, sofisticação, diversificação e estruturação; a sua relação com a feminização da pobreza, as migrações e as minorias étnicas, o tráfico sexual e o turismo sexual crescente. Em segundo lugar, falaremos sobre sua clientela, a estrutura demográfica jovem e o acesso ao mercado da prostituição a idades muito precoces. Seguidamente faremos alusão às desigualdades de gênero, as crenças socioculturais, religiosas e ao imaginário social coletivo. A seguir incidiremos nas "prostituições" (diretas ou indiretas), a ideia da escolha e os limites em sua produção estatística. Por último, terminamos com uma proposta orientada a enriquecer o debate e proporcionar vias facilitadoras para encarar o fenômeno a partir da perspectiva dos direitos humanos.
- Published
- 2016
25. La estructura del 'sector del sexo' en el sureste asiático. Una realidad poliédrica
- Author
-
Rosario Pozo Gordaliza, Carmen Orte Socias, and Lluís Ballester Brage
- Subjects
050402 sociology ,Asia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ethnic group ,Salud ,Diversification (marketing strategy) ,Prostitución ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,0504 sociology ,Political science ,Sector del sexo ,Producción intelectual registrada - Universidad Icesi ,Derechos humanos ,Trabajo sexual ,Sophistication ,The Imaginary ,0505 law ,media_common ,Feminization of poverty ,Human rights ,Sex trafficking ,Welfare economics ,05 social sciences ,General Medicine ,lcsh:H ,050501 criminology ,Tourism - Abstract
Este artículo estudia, mediante un análisis sistemático, los elementos más significativos que definen la industria del sexo en el sureste asiático. Entre ellos destacamos en primer lugar, su compleja, organización, sofisticación, diversificación y estructuración; su relación con la feminización de la pobreza, las migraciones y las minorías étnicas. El tráfico sexual y el turismo sexual creciente. En segundo lugar hablaremos sobre su clientela, la estructura demográfica joven y el acceso al mercado de la prostitución a edades muy tempranas. Seguidamente haremos alusión a las desigualdades de género, las creencias socioculturales, religiosas y al imaginario social colectivo. A continuación incidiremos en las “prostituciones” (directas o indirectas), la idea de la elección y los límites en su producción estadística. Por último terminamos con una propuesta orientativa para enriquecer el debate y aportar vías facilitadoras para encarar el fenómeno desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos. This paper studies the most significant elements that define the sex industry in Southeast Asia, using the systematic bibliographic revision. These include, first, its complex, organization, sophistication, diversification and structuring; Its relation with the feminization of poverty, migration and ethnic minorities, sex trafficking, and the growing sex tourism. Second, we will talk about its customers, the young demographic structure and the early access to the prostitution market. Then we shall refer to gender inequalities, cultural and religious beliefs, and the collective social imaginary. Next, we will discuss the concept of direct and indirect prostitution, the idea of choice and their limits on the statistics production. Finally we will look for some discussion to address the phenomenon from a human rights perspective.
- Published
- 2016
26. Introducción : las relaciones interregionales en el orden mundial
- Author
-
Jordi Bacaria and Valeria Marina Valle
- Subjects
Europe ,América del Norte ,Asia ,Cadenas globales de valor ,Relaciones interregionales ,Global value chains ,North America ,Interregional relations ,Europa ,relaciones interregionales - Abstract
Este artículo reflexiona sobre los factores que han hecho que, desde finales del siglo pasado, el análisis de las relaciones interregionales sea fundamental para entender el orden geopolítico y geoeconómico mundial. Entendiendo las relaciones interregionales como aquellas que se establecen entre dos grupos regionales, entre un Estado y una región o incluso en el seno de una megarregión, este texto asocia la creciente importancia de este tipo de relaciones a diversas causas: el crecimiento de la demanda en las economías emergentes y las interacciones entre ellas; un nuevo marco de relaciones económicas interregionales, y la aparición de nuevas vías comerciales. Asimismo, el artículo introduce los trabajos que se incluyen en este monográfico. This article will analyse factors which, since the end of last century, have made interregional relations very important to understand the world geopolitical and economic order. Interregional relations are defined as those which pertain to relations between regions or between a given state and a given region, or within a megaregion. This evolution results from: the growing demand in the emerging economies and the interaction among them, a new framework of interregional economic relations, and the development of new commercial channels. Finally, this paper will introduce the different articled included in this issue.
- Published
- 2015
27. No todo se pierde en la traducción : variedades mundiales de cosmopolitismo
- Author
-
Gerard Delanty and Bielsa, Esperança
- Subjects
Asia ,Sociology and Political Science ,Global history ,Social Sciences ,Poscolonialismo ,historia global ,Cosmopolitismo ,Postcolonialisme ,HM401-1281 ,Eurocentrismo ,eurocentrismo ,Universalismo ,Historia global ,Sociology (General) ,Cosmopolitismo chino ,Universalisme ,poscolonialismo ,Eurocentrism ,Universalism ,cosmopolitismo chino ,Eurocentrisme ,Post colonialism ,cosmopolitismo ,Philosophy ,Traducción cultural ,Història global ,Cosmopolitisme ,Cultural translation ,Traducció cultural ,Asia, chinese cosmopolitanism ,Cosmopolitisme xinès ,Cosmopolitanism ,Humanities ,Post-colonialism ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Àsia - Abstract
Un importante desafío de los muchos que hoy se plantean al pensamiento cosmopolita es el problema de la traducción conceptual y cultural, puesto que el cosmopolitismo puede ser altamente relevante para ciertos desarrollos del pensamiento indio y chino, incluso cuando no se utiliza el mismo término en las fuentes o interpretaciones. Se abordan tres problemas, a saber: las posiciones universalistas contra las contextualistas; el eurocentrismo y el problema de las traducciones conceptuales y culturales entre el pensamiento occidental y el no occidental. El argumento central es que el pensamiento cosmopolita debe expandirse más allá de su genealogía occidental para incluir otras tradiciones. Sin embargo, la solución no depende simplemente de identificar aquellas tradiciones culturales alternativas a las occidentales que puedan contener distintos tipos de valores cosmopolitas, sino de encontrar, en estas distintas tradiciones culturales, recursos para una cosmopolítica. De esta forma, el cosmopolitismo crítico busca plantear una alternativa tanto a las posiciones contextualistas fuertes como a las posiciones universalistas fuertes. Un desafiament important dels molts que avui es plantegen al pensament cosmopolita és el problema de la traducció conceptual i cultural, atès que el cosmopolitisme pot ser altament rellevant per a certs desenvolupaments del pensament indi i xinès, fins i tot quan no es fa servir el mateix terme en les fonts o interpretacions. S'aborden tres problemes: les posicions universalistes contra les contextualistes; l'eurocentrisme i el problema de les traduccions conceptuals i culturals entre el pensament occidental i el no occidental. L'argument central és que el pensament cosmopolita s'ha d'expandir més enllà de la seva genealogia occidental per incloure altres tradicions. Tanmateix, la solució no depèn simplement d'identificar aquelles tradicions culturals alternatives a les occidentals que poden contenir diferents tipus de valors cosmopolites, sinó de trobar, en aquestes diferents tradicions culturals, recursos per a una cosmopolítica. D'aquesta manera, el cosmopolitisme crític cerca plantejar una alternativa tant a les posicions contextualistes fortes com a les posicions universalistes fortes. Of the many challenging issues facing cosmopolitan thought today, a major one is the problem of conceptual and cultural translation, since it is often the case that cosmopolitanism is highly relevant to Indian and Chinese thought, even though the term itself is not used in the sources or in the interpretations. Three problems are addressed, namely universalist versus contextualist positions, Eurocentrism, and the problem of conceptual and cultural translations between western and non-western thought. The central argument is that cosmopolitanism thought needs to expand beyond its western genealogy to include other world traditions. However, the solution is not simply to identify alternative cultural traditions to western ones which might be the carriers of different kinds of cosmopolitan values, but identifying in these different cultural traditions resources for cosmopolitics. In this way, critical cosmopolitanism seeks to find an alternative both to strong contextualist as well as strong universalist positions.
- Published
- 2015
28. Technological specialization, catching-up and building of technological competences under market integration: Asia and Latin America compared
- Author
-
Ana Urraca Ruiz
- Subjects
Latin Americans ,Asia ,Captura ,lcsh:HB71-74 ,Welfare economics ,Technological specialization ,lcsh:Economics as a science ,Convergence (economics) ,Technological convergence ,Natural resource ,lcsh:Economic history and conditions ,Latin America ,Economy ,América Latina ,Political science ,Specialization (functional) ,Catching-up ,Structural change ,lcsh:HC10-1085 ,Dynamism ,Cambio estructural ,Constraint (mathematics) ,Capital market ,Especialización tecnológica - Abstract
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo examinar la evolución de la especialización, convergencia y el proceso de formación de competencias tecnológicas de dos conjuntos de países - latinoamericanos y asiáticos - entre los periodos 1985-1995 y 1999-2008. Entre ambos periodos, la mayor parte de estos países registraron mayores niveles de integración con el mundo en sus mercados de bienes, servicios y capitales. El trabajo concluye: i) no existe un único patrón de convergencia; ii) el grupo latinoamericano responde a un patrón de especialización sobre tecnologías vinculadas a recursos naturales mientras que el asiático explota el paradigma electrónico; iii) la persistencia es un fenómeno ligado a la des-especialización y se concentra en competencias centrales y marginales; iv) ante elevados ritmos de captura, la movilidad puede constituirse más relevante que la persistencia y es escasamente explicada por la acumulación tecnológica; v) no hay evidencia de que la especialización latinoamericana en tecnologías de oportunidad tecnológica estancada haya supuesto una restricción a su dinamismo tecnológico. The aim of this paper is to observe the evolution of technological specialization, convergence and the process of building technological competences for two groups of countries - Asia and Latin America - between 1985-1995 and 1999-2008. Between these periods, most of the countries in these groups registered growing levels of global integration in terms of goods, services and capital markets. The main conclusions of the study are: i) there is no unique pattern of technological convergence between countries; ii) Latin-American countries specialize in technologies linked to natural resources while the Asian countries explored the electronic and telecommunication paradigms; iii) persistency is a phenomenon associated to de-specialization and is concentrated in marginal and core competences; iv) considering rapid rates of catch-up, mobility can become more relevant than persistency and can be only marginally explained by technological accumulation; v) there is no evidence that Latin-American specialization on stagnant technologies would be a constraint to its technological dynamism.
- Published
- 2013
29. La medicina del pueblo Khasi
- Author
-
Ercilla Vizcarra, Ángeles
- Subjects
medicina tradicional ,khasi ,UNESCO::HISTORIA::Historia por especialidades::Historia de la medicina ,UNESCO::ANTROPOLOGÍA ::Antropología cultural::Medicina tradicional ,asia ,àsia - Abstract
El objeto de este estudio es una exposición y análisis de las ideas y hechos referentes a la medicina en el pueblo Khasi, minoría étnica del noreste de la India. Entre los Khasis la medicina primitiva permanece viva y es practicada en gran escala, como ocurre en otras partes de la India y del mundo. Se ignora el hecho de que la medicina indígena juegue tan importante papel en la vida de este tipo de gentes. Estudiando la medicina primitiva de un pueblo como el Khasi se analizan hechos e ideas que a su vez nos permiten entender su situación general con más claridad, preparándonos por lo tanto para actuar médicamente con más eficacia. En estos últimos tiempos, además, hemos visto cómo estadios culturales atrasados y estacionados pueden enseñarnos cosas que nos enriquecen, pues son testigos próximos de la cercanía de los orígenes humanos. // L'objecte d'aquest estudi és una exposició i anàlisi de les idees i els fets referents a la medicina al poble Khasi, minoria ètnica del nord-est de l'Índia Entre els Khasis la medicina primitiva roman viva i és practicada a gran escala, com passa en altres parts de l'Índia i del món. S'ignora el fet que la medicina indígena jugue un paper tan important en la vida d'aquest tipus de gent. Estudiant la medicina primitiva d'un poble com el Khasi s'analitzen fets i idees que ens permeten entendre la seua situació general amb més claredat, preparant-nos per tant per actuar mèdicament amb més eficàcia. En aquests darrers temps, a més, hem vist com estadis culturals endarrerits i estacionats poden ensenyar-nos coses que ens enriqueixen, ja que són testimonis propers de la proximitat dels orígens humans.
- Published
- 1966
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