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Objective: This paper's main objective was to examine the extent to which internationalization efforts moderate the relationship between investments in research and development (R&D) and innovation outputs taken by small businesses, that is, small and medium-sized enterprises - SMEs. Methodology: The methodology used consisted of quantitative research with data from 10,621 SMEs, from 17 countries in Latin America. The present study involved factorial and regressive analysis as well. Main results: The results obtained led to the conclusion that internationalization efforts have a positive and statistically significant influence on innovation outputs, allowing SMEs in Latin American countries to increase their competitiveness through constructing or improving products, services, or processes. Theoretical contributions: At the end of the research, it was also concluded that R&D investments positively influence innovation outputs and that companies that invest in R&D and additionally employ internationalization efforts are more likely to present innovation. Relevance and originality: It was the first time that a study jointly and empirically evaluated the moderating effect of internationalization efforts on the relationship between investments in R&D and innovation outputs, totaling a sample of 10,621 SMEs. Managerial and social contributions: This study also contributed to the knowledge of Latin America, therefore, it is expected that a greater understanding of the barriers to the development of SMEs will be achieved, through the advancement of internationalization efforts, investment in R&D and innovation. In this way, the aim is to encourage academics and practitioners to search for solutions to break these barriers.

This paper examines the reciprocal relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) and employee engagement within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. During this crisis, a positive association was observed: SMEs that committed to their employees tended to see a corresponding engagement from their employees. To assess how performance influenced this relationship, the study also explored whether this reciprocal pattern varied with different levels of business performance—decreased, unchanged, or improved—relative to pre-crisis economic performance. An empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 114 SMEs from the Andalusian region (Spain) using a regression model with mediating effects. The findings reveal that reciprocity between POS and employee engagement was evident during the pandemic and was particularly strong among SMEs belonging to the sub-sample with negative economic results.

This paper presents a comparative analysis between Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and Lafayette, Louisiana, United States. These two cities share a strong historical connection with extractive industries and are experiencing dynamics of reconfiguration of their economic functions towards a digital economy. Nova Lima has a rich mining heritage, while Lafayette is known for its oil and gas sector. The study examines the sociocultural and symbolic capitals of these spaces, aiming to identify relevant assets for the creation and support of environments conducive to digital economy activities. Using Bourdieu’s theory of practice, the article offers valuable insights into strategies that could be employed by Nova Lima and Lafayette to position themselves as attractive hubs for investments and ventures in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. In this regard, the unique economic, historical, and sociodemographic contexts of the two cities and their implications on the ongoing transformation dynamics are analyzed. Furthermore, the sociocultural and symbolic capitals present in Nova Lima and Lafayette are investigated, highlighting possibilities for their unique application in fostering new businesses and ventures. To this end, a comparative qualitative research approach was used, developed through the case study method. The collected data, through documentary analysis, on-site visits, and semi-structured and in-depth interviews, were subsequently subjected to content analysis by category. The comparative analysis aims to provide contributions to policymakers, urban planners, entrepreneurs, and business leaders of spaces facing the challenges of economic transformation for business environment of the digital era.

This paper provides a retrospective analysis of the impact of trust in institutions in Brazil during the initial wave of Covid-19 on distress symptoms. Capturing data from 571 respondents across all five Brazilian regions during the crucial period of April-May 2021, the study examines the relationship between institutional trust and public health outcomes at the pandemic's onset. Our findings reveal four distinct trust-based groups, reflecting the multifaceted nature of trust amidst the political and misinformation crisis of the time. Notably, our data contradicts the expected norm: the group with the lowest trust in institutions reported fewer distress symptoms, a paradox possibly rooted in a negationist attitude linked to anti-establishment sentiments and the misinformation crisis. In a contemporary context, this study provides historical insights into the dynamics of the pandemic's early days and also offers a reflection point for understanding the long-term implications of institutional trust on public health, especially in times of crisis.

Employee wellbeing is a crucial challenge in many organisations in South Africa and abroad. Interventions at a management level are vital to ensure that organisations do not lose quality employees due to poor employee well-being. Therefore, the paper assessed the strategies that can be used to enhance the well-being of academics in an institution of higher learning in South Africa. The paper employed a qualitative approach to collect data from the Management Committee (MANCO) at the Durban University of Technology in Durban, South Africa. Purposive sampling was be used to collect data directly from the MANCO. All data are analyzed using Nvivo. Findings from the study revealed that leadership plays a pivotal role in the well-being of employees. The findings of the paper can assist the management of the university with solutions related to the turnover of academics and will also be a wake-up call to other universities on the subject matter.

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors impacting entrepreneurial intentions, behaviors, innovations, and senses of self-efficacy in the digital entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Through illuminating the roles of ecosystem, entrepreneurial intention, innovation, and education, the study aspires to provide insights into the distinctive dynamics of digital entrepreneurship in this geographical setting. The study makes use of both qualitative in-depth interviews with subject matter experts and quantitative statistical analysis of survey responses. The Saudi digital entrepreneur ecosystem is explored qualitatively through 15 in-depth interviews with industry experts, and quantitatively with 248 survey responses that allow for hypothesis testing using structural equation modeling. The quantitative data in this study was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results emphasize the mediating roles of entrepreneurial ambition and innovation, highlighting the key significance of the digital entrepreneurial ecosystem in driving entrepreneur behavior. Entrepreneurial education emerges as a powerful element, acting as both a moderator in shaping entrepreneurial success. The research provides useful information about the unique characteristics of digital entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia.

Graduate education plays a role in improving the scope for employability of graduates. It empowers them with specialized skills, advanced knowledge, and critical thinking, which increases the scope for their employability. However, in the case of Saudi Arabia, it has been reported that there is widespread unemployment in the country. Though the Saudi Arabian government has initiated measures to nurture development in education through their ‘Saudi Vision 2030’ program, a gap exists. There are strong indictors which point at a mismatch of knowledge and skills possessed by graduates in Saudi, and the requirements of the labour market. Therefore, this paper examines the apparent gap between academia and employers in terms of employability, while focusing on whether graduate students have the same set of skills that employers require. Using a review method, information was derived from secondary sources, mainly from papers having examined the same topic previously. From the findings, academia believed that the educational system needed an overhaul and economic diversification, with the creation of new employment opportunities. Though employers believed that Saudi graduates lacked soft skills impacting their employability. It was concluded that a collaboration between students and employers was required, where employers could offer inputs supporting graduate employability.

Objective: The paper reviews and systematizes the metrics proposed in the literature for measuring the different elements of entrepreneurial ecosystems and covers the challenges of measuring ecosystems at the regional level and the Brazilian case. Method: A literature review of the metrics proposed for Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and descriptive statistics to systematize the indicators found in the review. Results: There is still no uniformity in the proposal of metrics. Most of them have a national approach and are related to the dimensions of Public policy & Regulation, Culture, and Human capital. The effort to apply theory to the Brazilian case is still incipient, and it is necessary to create adequate metrics for the national context. Theoretical/methodological contributions: The article enriches the discourse on measuring entrepreneurial ecosystems by shedding light on a variety of methodologies, identifying gaps, highlighting the necessity for subnational indicators, and exploring their implications within the Brazilian context. Relevance/Originality: While the concept of EE and its measuring methods hold significant potential for orienting public policies, they remain underexplored in the Brazilian academic community. This article aims to bridge this gap and underscore the promising nature of this research area.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the differences related to work values and attitudes toward the technology of Generation Z in Brazil and Germany. Method: The proposed hypotheses were tested in a survey of 122 Brazilian and German participants. The data were analyzed using t-test and logistic regression models. Main Results: The results present differences between Brazilian and German Generation Z, challenging the literature that analyzes Generation Z as a global generation and reinforcing cultural differences between nationalities. The Brazilian sample presents more instrumental and prestige work values and is more positive and less negative regarding technology than the German sample. Relevance/Originality: The paper’s contribution provides evidence of Generation Z’s differences according to nationalities relevant to shaping their relationship with work and technology. The analysis of both constructs is interesting nowadays because of their interrelationship and the current changes in global work boundaries. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions: The literature predominantly presents that Generation Z is a global generation. Comparing participants from two countries with different levels of development provides an insight into their differences regarding work values and attitudes, which can be valuable for business management literature. Practical/Social Contributions: Recommendations for businesses are provided to improve attraction and retention strategies to tackle the shortage of skilled workers. This implies management strategies for firms with multicultural teams.

This paper discusses an Academic Service Learning (ASL) approach as a teaching method to combine meaningful service to the community and core academic requirements for learning accounting. The Academic Service-Learning approach offers an opportunity for the students to enhance what they are learning in the classroom and combine it with the benefit of providing a service to the community. This study shows how service learning offers a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between academic accounting core curriculum requirements and the need of society to have individuals willing to give their time and effort to benefit others in need. This article aims to understand the benefits of High-Impact practices (HIPs) for students in the classroom, particularly, using Academic Service-Learning as a pedagogical tool. The goal is to understand the benefits of using a Service-Learning approach to teach accounting. As part of the course learning requirement, students engaged in a project whereby a not-for-profit organization's income statement was forecasted and evaluated using a vertical analysis. A post-survey was administered, which focused on how the Service-Learning project helped the students connect what they were learning in class with the actual accounting practice meaningfully.

This paper aims to examine how local firms can learn from the export activities of large multinational corporations (MNCs). Arguing that MNCs’ export activities could act as catalysts for local firms, allowing them to start exporting or intensify their export volume, we hypothesize that the size and extent of export spillovers depend on the linkage between local firms and MNCs, the geographical distance between them in the home country, and the foreign export market destination in terms of psychic distance from the home market. Using Swiss manufacturing firm-level data, we found support to this learning by exporting effect through which local firms benefit from the presence of MNCs’ exporter counterparts and the export activities of their upstream MNCs’ suppliers, with particular effects of the nature and the physical location of destinations. From these findings, several important academic and practical implications are exhibited and discussed

This paper investigates the effects of attitudes towards sustainable consumption and sustainable behaviours. Income as the control variable and gender, age, assets, and educational level as moderators were included. To achieve the aims of the study, a critical literature review, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modelling were performed. Data were obtained using the CAWI technique on a sample of 1200 adult consumers. The findings show that attitudes towards sustainable consumption are positively associated with sustainable behaviours, and that income significantly determines dimensions of attitudes towards sustainable consumption and sustainable behaviours. Additionally, the relationships between income, dimensions of attitude towards sustainable consumption, and particular sustainable behaviours in groups distinguished by gender, age, property ownership, and education level were confirmed.

This paper aims to investigate the impact of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy on Lean Leadership and Lean Culture, providing insights into how Lean Manufacturing companies can adapt their leadership and culture styles to succeed in the new business environment. We have conducted a systematic literature review focusing on the impact of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy on Lean Leadership and Lean Culture, and our principal findings are that Implementing Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy requires changes in Lean Leadership and Culture styles to incorporate sustainability and digital transformation. This study identified ten Lean Culture characteristics classified in three groups values and principles (culture of respect, collectivism, power distance and authority distribution), customer centric (customer orientation and performance orientation) and operational excellence (receptiveness, working conditions, problem solving culture and continuous improvement and innovation) and nineteen Lean Leadership competences grouped in three categories customer oriented (customer focus, customer and supplier development and teamworking), personal development (personal stability, personal behavior, human centric, self-developing and learning, empowerment, self-transcendence and servant leadership), Lean principles (experimental, continuous improvement and innovation, zero-defects, process and lean expertise, problem solving and genchi genbutsu) and performance driven (targets settings, targets deployment and flow) that are necessary for successful implementation of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy in Lean Manufacturing companies.

This paper proposes a model to determine the direct and moderating effects of COVID-19 on the overall satisfaction of cultural tourists with the heritage destination visited. The hypotheses put forward in the model have been tested employing non-linear structural equation models (SEM), estimated with data from the Resident Travel Survey of the National Statistics Institute (NSI), on domestic demand for cultural tourism in Spain. The data analyzed covers both a pre-covid and pandemic period, from January 2019 to September 2021. The results confirm that COVID-19 significantly impacted the decrease in cultural tourists' satisfaction with the visit. It highlights the negative relationship between cultural tourists' socioeconomic profile and satisfaction. This research provides knowledge on the impact of COVID-19 on the behavior of cultural tourists, with practical implications for the design of tourism policies for the promotion and marketing of heritage destinations through differentiated marketing that increases satisfaction for this demand segment in crisis scenarios.

The automotive industry is undergoing a profound transformation in its transition to production of electric vehicles. This paper seeks to examine the main transformations taking place in global value chains in the automotive industry as a result of this transition. The analysis follows a multiple case study methodology based on a theoretical approach that seeks to address the research question and purpose.The main findings of this research focus on three dimensions of GVCs. First, this transition increases competition among assembly plants at the intra-group level for the awarding of new models. Second, it continues to reconfigure supply chains, threatening the viability of certain traditional providers of components and giving rise to new players – battery manufacturers – that may challenge the chain hierarchy. Third, the transition to electric vehicles has led to a reduction in employment volume in the chain as a whole. Because the transition is ongoing, it will continue to pose significant challenges for multiple actors involved in the automotive industry.

The paper aims to analyze the contradiction between green consumers' behavior and green technology foods offered to them. An analysis of papers from different authors showed that green consumers are willing to make conscious food consumption. However, factors like price, knowledge about the green cause, consumer income, reference groups, shopping convenience, and food availability influence their final consumption. Collective intelligence is a solution for green consumers to make better decisions: it also involves challenges, ethical considerations, and avoiding political influences on shared information. In conclusion, governments and food producers must do a lot to ensure green consumers have enough tools to make informed and sustainable alimentary decisions.

This paper was developed to analyze the level of implementation of intellectual property management processes in Higher Education Institutions (HEI). Intellectual Property management processes in the public sector have been reduced, at least in understanding the concept, to the processes of protecting and maintaining intellectual property titles; however, it is a more extensive process than conceptualized. In this sense, Martinez et al. (2018) generated a methodology involving 19 indicators (processes) of intellectual property management implemented during the R&D&I process. These indicators were used to measure their implementation in Mexican public sector HEIs with information from the transparency portal. The research shows the importance of generating multidisciplinary groups in R&D&I processes, enhancing the financial redundancy of research investment.

Resumo Objetivo: Os homens estão mais inclinados a assumir riscos do que as mulheres? A resposta a essa pergunta é de relevância imediata para várias questões econômicas, incluindo o comportamento humano em relação ao consumo de medicamentos e procedimentos médicos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os benefícios percebidos do consumo de medicamentos, centrado na avaliação do risco farmacêutico. Originalidade/valor: A literatura documenta que riscos e benefícios podem ser considerados os principais trade-offs na tomada de decisão do consumidor, inclusive na indústria farmacêutica. É um tema atual com alto potencial de impacto social por causa dos muitos casos identificados de Covid-19. Nos países em desenvolvimento, a maioria dos medicamentos é utilizada por indivíduos que se automedicam, pois o acesso aos cuidados de saúde pode ser insuficiente. A automedicação é um problema potencialmente maior, pois nesse caso o uso de medicamentos geralmente segue o conselho de amigos, parentes e vizinhos. No entanto, há pouca evidência empírica sobre esse problema no contexto dos países emergentes. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Trata-se de uma pesquisa com mais de mil indivíduos em que se utilizou um modelo de regressão estendido (MRE) em um dos maiores países do mundo, o Brasil. Resultados: De acordo com os resultados obtidos, as mulheres percebem mais riscos e benefícios do uso de medicamentos e procedimentos médicos. A percepção dos benefícios dos medicamentos pode ser explicada pelas seguintes dimensões: risco (danos pessoais, alerta de risco e conhecimento do risco), gênero, uso regular e benefícios dos procedimentos médicos. Em relação às dimensões de risco, quanto menor a percepção de danos pessoais e quanto maior a percepção de alerta e conhecimento de risco, maiores os benefícios percebidos do uso de medicamentos./ Abstract Purpose: Are men more inclined to assume risks than women? The answer to this question is immediately relevant to various economic issues, including human behavior concerning medical remedies and procedures consumption. This paper aims to identify the perceived benefits of the consumption of medications centered on pharmaceutical risk assessment. Originality/value: The literature documents that risks and benefits can be considered the main trade-offs in consumer decision-making, including the pharmaceutical industry. It is a current theme with a high potential for social impact due to the many identified cases of Covid-19. In developing countries, most medication is used by self-medicating individuals, as access to health care can be insufficient. Self-medication is a potentially greater problem, as in this case, medication usage often follows advice from friends, relatives, and neighbors. Yet, there is little empirical evidence regarding this problem in the context of emerging countries. Design/methodology/approach: A survey of over 1,000 subjects using an extended regression model (ERM) in one of the biggest countries in the world, Brazil. Findings: The results reported that women perceive more risks and benefits from medication usage and medical procedures. The perception of the benefits of medications can be explained by the following dimensions: risk (personal injury, risk alertness, and risk awareness), gender, regular usage, and the benefits of medical procedures. Regarding risk dimensions, the lower the perceptions of personal injury and the higher the perceptions of risk alertness and risk awareness, the greater the perceived benefits of medication usage.

In this paper I consider the question of self-governing in relation to MacIntyrean practices. It is not uncommon to discover MacIntyrean practices being described as self-governing in at least some sense. However, while there are seemingly valid reasons for why this might be thought the case, in my paper I argue that there is something very different visible in MacIntyre’s writings here. Indeed, what I want to emphasise regarding MacIntyre’s position in relation to the governing of practices is that rather than self-governing, at most MacIntyrean practices are self-directing or self-guiding. Therefore, although for MacIntyre governing of practices is fundamentally important, what I draw attention to is how, on the whole, this governing happens from outside, and that direction and guidance if and when it does happen, happens in a very specific, internal way aside from governing.

This paper argues that a hierarchical and traditional organizational structure is essential to maintain communication, achieve innovation, and cement the further development of an organization that has just faced a severe crisis. Through in-depth interviews with family business owners and managers who overcame the challenges of Hurricane María in Puerto Rico, the relevance of the traditional organizational structure as a best management practice in times of crisis is examined.

This paper analyses the level of knowledge and engagement of the students of the Bachelor's Degree in Business Administration and Management (GADE) of the Faculty of Economics and Business (Gipuzkoa Section) of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) on the SDGs using Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Cluster Analysis. This analysis makes it possible to identify different patterns or profiles of student behavior in relation to sustainability. The results show the coexistence of four different patterns of behavior in relation to knowledge, perception, and commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and sustainability among students. We identify a first group comprising 23.4% of students with low knowledge and high commitment to the SDGs; a second group that includes 30.4% of students with high knowledge of and commitment to the SDGs; a third group comprising 30% of students with low knowledge of and commitment to the SDGs; and finally, a fourth group comprising 16.2% of students with high knowledge of and low commitment to the SDGs. This scenario suggests the necessity to make further progress in the incorporation of the sustainable development dimension in the teaching-learning processes.

The need to integrate competences aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into higher education curricula has gained considerable attention in recent years. While the literature shows an increase in research on this topic, there remains a scarcity of papers addressing effective strategies to foster students' environmental sustainability competencies and skills, through active pedagogical methods. A promising avenue to achieve this goal is the adoption of the Flipped Classroom methodology. This approach has proven its ability to guide students towards reflection and critical thinking, making it a good tool for promoting sustainability awareness. An experience of educational innovation is presented that develops SDG 12 "Guarantee sustainable consumption and production patterns", and SDG 9 "Industry, innovation and infrastructures", in the subject Production Management, with the aim of achieving the competence "environmental awareness". From the perspective of the students, an evaluation of the educational experience is presented. The results show the success of the Flipped Classroom methodology in providing students with a holistic understanding of the principles of sustainable development and their application through the SDGs within their academic trajectory. In particular, this approach provides them with the skills and aptitudes to promote sustainability.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the use of machine learning in smart manufacturing, describing techniques, technologies, industries, and purposes associated with industrial applications. We conducted a systematic literature review using Scopus, in which 26,032 documents were found. After applying quality criteria, 107 articles were analysed. The main findings show that machinery was the industry subsector with the major implementations regarding machine learning; process improvement is the main concern (interest) of all implementations; random forest was the most specific machine learning technique used; and diverse technologies associated with this context were identified such as: the industrial internet of things, digital twin, sensor technologies (soft, optical, barometric, ultrasonic), software technologies (Python, MATLAB, LabView, Google AutoML Platform) and equipment technologies (robotic, PLC, CNC). Most fault detection machine learning applications were focused on predictive maintenance, specifically in mechanical equipment (bearings, machines in general, and assembly lines). This study presents a novel taxonomy that identifies 85 specific machine-learning techniques used in smart manufacturing.

The social phenomena of poverty and social exclusion are widely studied by various disciplines. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted both social problems, due to the strong impact that the health situation has had on economies and their populations. Studies before and after the pandemic have shown some confusion in the treatment of the terms of poverty and social exclusion. However, these are not synonymous but refer to different social problems, with different characteristics and consequences for the society that suffers from them. This paper presents a theoretical discussion on poverty and social exclusion and, in turn, due to their shared origin, tries to measure the multidimensional deprivations in Argentina before and after the measure of Preventive and Compulsory Social Isolation established in the framework of the health crisis. To fulfill the objective, an exhaustive conceptual-theoretical review is outlined and the aggregate multidimensional deprivation indicator proposed by Ibáñez Martín (2018) is estimated for the years 2019 and 2021. The preliminary results allow us to argue that the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated deprivation situations in Argentina in multiple spheres. In turn, this crisis has deepened the differences between social groups with relations of domination.

Abstract Project management increasingly focuses on delivering benefits, considering institutional complexity and global challenges. Inland waterway transport (IWT) projects appear in the Brazilian Nationally Determined Contribution following the Paris Agreement. However, Brazilian IWT projects remain underdeveloped, and waterway freight transport capacity is underutilized. There is a literature gap on the links between budget performance, policy, politics, and project management. In particular, we know little about the effects of the interactions between governance mechanisms and public budget execution on the procurement of waterway transport infrastructure projects in Brazil. This paper aims to assess Brazilian waterway infrastructure budgetary execution and governance arrangements to determine the influence of these factors on policy failures. We performed a qualitative analysis of policy plans and investments made between 2014 and 2020 through interviews and documental research to examine 109 waterway infrastructure projects. All respondents pointed out the lack of planning as an obstacle to waterway projects, and 74% reported budget shortness. Nevertheless, we found USD 43.2 million available in budgets that were never utilized. The inability to invest is a bigger obstacle for Brazilian waterway projects than budget insufficiency. We recommend an adaptive management approach to allocate investments, in which stakeholders learn together to implement more effective project strategies.

Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo buscou analisar os elementos que compõem a resiliência das organizações diante de um evento disruptivo, utilizando como contexto a crise provocada pela Covid-19. Originalidade/valor: O estudo da resiliência organizacional nos ajuda a teorizar com mais precisão o ajuste e a adaptação organizacional em ambientes cada vez mais complexos e difíceis de ser compreendidos. Entretanto, embora a sua investigação tenha demonstrado ser algo promissor, o seu conceito ainda necessita de maior atenção independente e validação empírica. Nesse sentido, este trabalho contribui para que haja uma visão holística com uma definição consistente do termo, por meio de um modelo validado quantitativamente, pois a maioria dos estudos empíricos encontrados na literatura é de natureza qualitativa. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Foi aplicada uma survey a fim de testar um modelo para a mensuração da resiliência organizacional, por meio de uma análise fatorial exploratória, além da utilização de uma estatís-tica descritiva simples. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre os dias 9 de novembro e 23 de dezembro de 2021, por meio de um formulário eletrônico, que contou com 41 respondentes (empresas). Resultados: O modelo testado apresentou um alto nível de confiabili-dade (ω de McDonald de 0,955), podendo ser aplicado no âmbito das organizações para medir sua resiliência. O modelo testado é composto por 12 itens: unidade de propósito; planos de teste de estresse; planejamento estratégico; postura proativa; quebra de silos; conhecimento aproveitado; recursos internos; parcerias eficazes; inovação e criatividade; tomada de decisão; engajamento da equipe; e liderança. / Abstract Purpose: This study sought to analyze the elements that compose the resilience of organizations when facing a disruptive event, using as context the crisis caused by Covid-19. Originality/value: The study of organizational resilience helps us to theorize, more accurately, organizational adjustment and adaptation in increasingly complex and difficult-to-understand environments. However, although their research has shown promise, its concept still needs more independent attention and empirical validation. In this sense, this paper contributes to a holistic view with a consistent definition of the term through a quantitatively validated model since most of the empirical studies found in the literature are qualitative in nature. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was applied to test a model for measuring organizational resilience, through an exploratory factor analysis, in addition to the use of simple descriptive statistics. Data collection occurred between November 9 and December 23, 2021, through an electronic form with 41 respondents (companies). Findings: The tested model showed a high level of reliability (McDonald’s ω of 0.955) and can be applied within organizations to measure their resilience. The tested model comprises 12 items: unity of purpose; stress testing plans; strategic planning; proactive posture; breaking silos; leveraged knowledge; internal resources; effective partnerships; innovation and creativity; decision-making; staff engagement; and leadership.

O nosso esforço para a organização de uma edição com artigos voltados a contextos de crises e eventos extremos foi motivado pela potencialidade de oferecer contribuições para o campo de estudos da Administração. O tema é de natureza multidisciplinar, mas, ainda assim, não foi suficientemente reconhecido por pesquisadores como um fenômeno organizacional que merece atenção como tal para a compreensão da magnitude dos seus impactos. As sociedades deparam-se com certos eventos, como guerras, terrorismo, violência e segurança pública, desastres naturais e aéreos, crises políticas e econômicas, extorsão e violação de privacidade, cada vez mais comuns nas manchetes de jornais do mundo todo. Nos anos mais recentes, o rompimento de barragens da Vale, o incêndio no Clube do Flamengo, o atentado terrorista na Nova Zelândia, o incêndio na Catedral de Notre-Dame, a morte de pessoas pisoteadas em baile funk em Paraisópolis, em São Paulo, o ter-remoto no Haiti, o incêndio na Amazônia, o acidente na Usina Nuclear de Fukushima, e, mais recentemente, a Covid-19 são exemplos de eventos que deixam aparentes a fragilidade e a vulnerabilidade do mundo, levantando questões importantes sobre como as organizações, as sociedades e os indivíduos recebem os impactos desses eventos e lidam com eles. No que tange às organizações contemporâneas, as questões centrais relativas a esses eventos estão relacionadas com as operações deles, as estruturas, os recursos, a comunidade e os(as) trabalhadores(as), que são centrais para a compreensão de contextos extremos. No campo de estudos da Administração, a necessidade de considerar o contexto é reconhecida pela sua importância em várias perspectivas de análise organizacional, a começar pelas teorias contingenciais, passando pela teoria da dependência de recursos, pelo novo institucionalismo, pelos estudos baseados na prática, pelos estudos críticos de gestão, entre outras. Contexto significa “oportunidades e restrições situacionais que afetam a ocorrência e o significado do comportamento organizacional, bem como as relações funcionais entre variáveis” (Johns, 2006, p. 386). Na literatura sobre contexto e eventos extremos, há uma diversidade de nomenclaturas atribuída a essas expressões, gerando controvérsias infrutí-feras (Hällgren et al., 2018). Tradicionalmente, o termo extremo é utilizado para se referir a [...] situações que ocorrem fora do comum e subculturas de lazer quase desviante que visam a uma fuga da modernidade comercializada e excessivamente racionalizada ou para profissões que envolvam alto riso, exposição a trabalho sujo e ameaça à vida (Granter et al., 2015, p. 443). Porém, o termo ganhou novos contornos, passando a definir domínios de trabalho e organizacionais convencionais que se caracterizam pela inten-sidade do trabalho e pela normalização de comportamentos e culturas de trabalho extremos, que trazem ameaças de danos materiais e não materiais. Um contexto extremo é aquele [...] ambiente no qual um ou mais eventos extremos estão ocorrendo ou são prováveis de ocorrer e que podem exceder a capacidade da organização de prevenir uma magnitude extensa e intolerável de consequências físicas, psicológicas ou materiais para os membros da organização e de resultar nela (Hannah et al., 2009, p. 897). Os danos são potenciais para os membros organizacionais e para aqueles que, de alguma forma, estão envolvidos com a organização. Contextos extremos não são homogêneos, sendo atravessados por variações em termos de temporalidade da organização, de magnitude das consequências, de probabilidade de ocorrer, de proximidade dos membros organizacionais e de formas de ameaças (Hannah et al., 2009). Apesar das similaridades, contexto extremo e crise1 são fenômenos distintos: em uma crise, causas e efeitos são ambíguos; já em contextos extremos, as ameaças são específicas e graves, as organizações são capazes de se antecipar, e as causas e efeitos são, frequentemente, identificáveis (Hannah et al., 2009). Eventos extremos têm ganhado um interesse mais forte de pesquisadores em diversos campos de conhecimento por causa das incertezas políticas, econômicas e ecológicas, dos desastres que resultam em tragédias e dos escândalos corporativos relacionados à irresponsabilidade social. São definidos como ocorrências que podem resultar em uma magnitude extensa e intolerável de consequências físicas, psicológicas ou materiais para os membros da organização (Hannah et al., 2009, p. 898) e os consumidores, afetando sua capacidade de produção e de obtenção de recursos (Hällgren et al., 2018). Os eventos extremos têm em comum alguns elementos: pré-crise, plano de emergência, crise, gestão da crise, pesquisa e implementação de mudanças (Buchanan, 2011). No entanto, os trabalhos acadêmicos sobre contextos extremos têm produzido respostas para eventos particulares (Maglajlic, 2019), ao comporem um corpo de pesquisa fragmentado (Hällgren et al., 2018) e limitarem os esforços para sistematizar o que podemos aprender sobre a natureza desses eventos e os contextos em que eles ocorrem, de forma que se possa melhorar nossa compreensão sobre esses fenômenos, suas características e seus fundamentos. Reconhecer que contextos extremos fornecem uma plataforma para o estudo de fenômenos organizacionais complexos potencializa a compreensão de comportamentos humanos e organizacionais, de jogos de poder, de processos organizacionais de adaptação e resiliência, bem como dos desafios e das barreiras a que as organizações encontram dificuldades para responder. Nesta edição especial, seis artigos oferecem respostas ou caminhos para a compreensão de contextos de crises e eventos extremos. Três artigos destacam a importância da resiliência: “Desempenho resiliente ante período de crise econômica: Modelo integrado de concepções e estratégia de pesquisa”, de Leandro K. Rosa, Roberto F. Decourt e Daniel F. Vancin; “Como mensurar a resiliência organizacional? Validando um modelo simplificado”, de Alã Y. P. Santos e Renata G. Spers; e “Social customer relationship management e resiliên-cia organizacional de microempresas brasileiras na pandemia de Covid-19”, de Guilherme A. S. Andrade, Márcia M. S. B. Espejo, Rigoberto García-Contreras e Cleston Alexandre dos Santos. Diferentemente do destaque à resi-liência, o artigo “Vale tudo: As estratégias de atuação da Vale após o desastre-crime da barragem de Córrego do Feijão”, de Tatiane Lúcia de Melo e Liliane de Oliveira Guimarães, mostra como a empresa Vale tratou as consequências do rompimento da barragem para a comunidade. O artigo “Percepção de empreendedo-res acerca das políticas públicas no enfrentamento da Covid-19”, de Claudia M. S. Bezerra, Heidy R. Ramos, Eudes V. Bezerra, Marco A. C. Teixeira e Marcos F. Magalhães, aponta o papel do governo no que tange às políticas públicas para enfrentamento de um evento extremo específico. Já “Líderes na pandemia: Contribuições para a literatura sobre liderança nas organizações em contextos extremos”, de Beatriz M. B. Braga e Vanessa M. Santos, apresenta um modelo de liderança que acreditamos poder contribuir tanto para a pesquisa sobre o tema como para a orientação de líderes que venham a viver esse contexto. / Our effort to organize an issue that brings together papers on crisis contexts and extreme events was motivated by the potential to contribute to Management studies. The topic is multidisciplinary, but even so, it has not been sufficiently recognized by researchers as an organizational phenomenon that deserves attention to understand the magnitude of its impacts. Societies are faced with certain events, such as wars, terrorism, violence and public safety, natural disasters, air disasters, political and economic crises, extortion, and violations of privacy, which are increasingly common in newspaper headlines worldwide. In recent years, the Vale’s dam collapse (Brumadinho, MG, Brazil), the fire at the Flamengo Club (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil), the terrorist attack in New Zealand, the fire at Notre-Dame Cathedral, the death of people trampled at a funk dance in Paraisópolis (São Paulo, SP, Brazil), the earthquake in Haiti, the fire in the Amazon, the accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, and, more recently, the Covid-19 pandemic, are examples of events that make the fragility and vulnerability of the world apparent, raising important questions about how organizations, socie-ties and individuals receive and deal with the impacts of these events. As far as contemporary organizations are concerned, the central issues relating to these events are related to their operations, structures, resources, community, and workers, which are central to understanding extreme contexts. In the field of Management studies, the need to consider context is recognized for its importance in various perspectives of organizational analysis, starting with contingency theories through to resource dependency theory, new institutionalism, practice-based studies, and critical management studies, among others. Context means “situational opportunities and constraints that affect the occurrence and meaning of organizational behavior, as well as the functional relationships between variables” (Johns, 2006, p. 386). In the literature on context and extreme events, there is a diversity of nomenclatures attributed to the term, generating unhelpful controversies (Hällgren et al., 2018). Traditionally, the term “extreme” is used to refer to [...] situations that occur out of the ordinary and subcultures of quasi-deviant leisure that aim at an escape from commercialized and over-rationalized modernity or to professions that involve high laughter, exposure to dirty work and threat to life (Granter et al., 2015, p. 443).

This study reveals how a company designed and developed a shared value initiative from a new product line, contributing to the sustainable development goals in Peru. The paper aims to identify the main characteristics of the collective impact achieved by Shared Value strategies of the Peruvian multinational company, AJE Group. The authors use an empirical case study of one of the biggest multinational companies in Peru to build upon Kramer’s model for shared value initiatives and analyze each of its five elements for shared value. The findings of this paper allow practitioners, as well as policy-makers, to identify sustainable managerial practices and opportunities for sustainability-oriented public policy design which can be implemented in other organizations.

The main aim of this paper is to study the phenomenon of the coexistence of firms with illegal characteristics and firms showing legal behaviour in developed economies by using an evolutionary competition model known as the Lotka-Volterra equations. Enterprises in a ‘legal system’ obey the extant laws, particularly market rules, while enterprises in an ‘illegal system’ disregard them. Illegal enterprises have a competitive advantage over legal enterprises, yet they cannot survive if legal enterprises disappear completely. The numerical solution of the Lotka-Volterra equations are used to show how there can be a situation of coexistence between legal and illegal enterprises and how state intervention can help reduce illegality in an economic system. This paper outlines a new approach to address the problem of coexistence because it uses non-linear and evolutionary tools to define the competition between legal and illegal firms. The research gap presented in this paper is addressed using the predator-prey scheme to model the competition between legal and illegal firms, which is perceived as the competition between two populations with different fitness levels (survival probabilities). This competition gives rise to three different types of possible equilibrium outcomes: survival of only legal firms, survival of only illegal firms and coexistence of these two types of firms. An empirical analysis of an Italian case study confirms the results of this paper's theoretical model.

The paper investigates the moderating effect of patriarchal attitudes by country and year on the relationship between gender diversity on boards and firm performance. The international sample analyzed is composed of 1,103 listed firms from 18 European countries for the period of 2005–2019. Using a two-step system GMM approach, the analysis shows how the generally positive relationship between gender diversity and economic performance (proxied by return on assets and Tobin's Q) is offset and even surpassed by the negative moderating effect of patriarchal attitudes. Furthermore, our work tests critical mass theory and finds confirmation in line with the results obtained for gender diversity. The main contributions of this work include its use of new specific proxies for gender culture by country, namely, patriarchal attitudes and the finding of how they affect the relationship between women's board participation and firm performance in a negative and consistent way.

Objective of the study: This paper gathers, and reviews published empirical or theoretical articles in which the entrepreneurial logics of causation and effectuation, coined by Sarasvathy in 2001, are discussed to answer the research question of “Under what circumstances do firms combine effectuation with causation?”. Methodology/approach: The research is based on a systematic literature review of top-tier journals over a 20-year period. Main results: Findings suggest causation and effectuation logics can be applied simultaneously or in sequence, depending on factors at the micro (the entrepreneur), meso (the firm), and macro levels (business context—institutional and situational). Theoretical/methodological contributions: It delivers a compiled, synthesized, and contrasted set of past work for future researchers to build upon and a preliminary conceptual matrix for further testing and refinement, not to mention an in-depth discussion at the micro, meso and macro level. Relevance/originality: Over 20 years after Sarasvathy’s seminal work, most literature investigating decision-making still focuses on contrasting the logics of causation or effectuation, not fully understanding the conditions under which each prevails or when they are combined. Social/management contributions: At the micro level, this research can help entrepreneurs better understand their profile and the benefits of considering both logics throughout their decision-making process. At the meso level, companies can benefit from understanding how logics relate at each life stage. Finally, at the macro level, policymakers and educators can help entrepreneurs navigate uncertain and turbulent environments if different logics and circumstances are more broadly acknowledged.

Objective: Entrepreneurs are responsible for innovation, but they do not act in the vacuum, the greater the support for their action, the improve the chances of success. Startups - technology-based companies with high potential for growth and impact - are associated with the existence of entrepreneurial ecosystems that facilitate entrepreneurial action. This paper goal is to provide evidence that help to explain why startups fail in an emerging entrepreneurial ecosystem. Method: We perform exploratory research in which entrepreneurs whose startups failed in the emerging entrepreneurial ecosystem of Porto Alegre, Brazil, were interviewed. We complement the analysis with the collection of secondary data. Results: Building on Isenberg’s (2011) six domains, we generate ideas on how each of them in emergent entrepreneurial ecosystem may influence startup mortality. Our results indicate that emerging entrepreneurial ecosystem could be much better in avoiding the premature failure of startups. Policy and Finance are the most problematic domains, while culture, support, and markets are the three middle-ground dimensions. These last three need improvement, but they are not as critical as the first two. Contributions: This paper contributes to the entrepreneurial ecosystems literature by exploring how emergent ecosystems contribute for discontinuity of promising startups. Originality: Besides entrepreneurial mistakes, problems that are out of the entrepreneur control can also cause a venture's death (Cardon et al., 2011). Building on this, we use Isenberg's (2010; 2011) model for understanding the influence of the entrepreneurial ecosystem on the circumstances that entrepreneurs faced that determined their startup failure (Jenkins & McKelvie, 2016). Social Contributions: by better understanding why startups fail in emerging entrepreneurial ecosystems, we support policymakers in their focus on possible improvements of the features that seem most relevant to entrepreneurs. The public agents can then work to provide a better environment for future entrepreneurial endeavors.

Predicting financial distress has become one of the most important topics of the hour that has swept the accounting and financial field due to its significant correlation with the development of science and technology. The main objective of this paper is to predict financial distress based on the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and then compare the results of this model with the results of other deep learning models (SVM, LR, LD, DT, KNN). The analysis is based on a dataset of 352 companies extracted from the Kaggle database. As for predictors, 83 financial ratios were used. The study concluded that the use of GPR achieves very relevant results. Furthermore, it outperformed the rest of the deep learning models and achieved first place equally with the SVM model with a classification accuracy of 81%. The results contribute to the maintenance of the integrated system and the prosperity of the country’s economy, the prediction of the financial distress of companies and thus the potential prevention of disruption of the given system.

This paper analyzes the influence of creativity and disruptive innovation on entrepreneurial intention, considering the subjective social norms and personal attitude of the Theory of Reasoned Action, and through a structural equation model. The empirical study was applied to a sample of potential entrepreneurs in two countries: Mexico and Spain, to identify behavioral actions within the relationships of the proposed model. The main results obtained indicate that entrepreneurial intention is influenced by personal attitude towards entrepreneurship, which in turn is shaped by subjective social norms, and by the self-perception of their creative abilities. While Mexican present a greater relationship with the influence of entrepreneurial attitude on entrepreneurial intention, Spanish entrepreneurs are more confident in their creative abilities to develop their projects. It is concluded, that there is a need to develop communication and training campaigns aimed at Mexican and Spanish society to promote a better opinion of the entrepreneurial process as well as to generate actions to develop and include creativity and disruptive innovation as part of the entrepreneurial process.

Organizations that aspire to obtain long-term results must correctly manage compliance with laws, regulations, codes, international standards and best practices related to ethics and society's expectations. This research aims to development a procedure to manage compliance risks with a focus on organizational values. The paper includes the main stages of traditional risk analysis: analysis of the organizational context, identification of obligations, evaluation and assessment of compliance risks and their treatment through action plans. As the main novelty, the authors include a tool that allows the integration of the elements of the context, with the identified obligations, their associated risks and the ethical values shared by the organization, called CORVAL map. The results of the implementation of the procedure in the process of Production of Computer Services in an cuban entity allow to identify as main risks: illicit contractual relations, lack of knowledge of the code of conduct by the workers, affectations to the prestige of the organization and high rates of electric energy consumption, identifying the shared value Responsibility and its associated behavior, as the most influential principle in the mitigation of the risks of compliance of the process.

Objective: The objective of this paper was to analyze the bidirectional relationship between financial development and economic growth for a dataset of Latin American and Asian developing countries between 2001 and 2019. Method: This research employed an empirical approach to analyze the statistical relationship between financial development and economic growth, by presenting an estimation of a system of simultaneous equations for a panel of Asian and Latin American countries using 3SLS. Main Results: The results presented in this research provided evidence that financial development does not appear to have a significant impact on economic growth, although growth appears to have a significant and positive influence on financial development. Moreover, the results also suggested that regulatory quality and domestic credit directed to the private sector have a positive effect on economic growth, while urbanization and education showed a negative influence on growth. The estimated model also indicated that urbanization has a positive influence on financial development while foreign direct investment presented a negative effect on the development of the financial sector. Relevance / Originality: Most of the research agenda on the topic of finance and growth has focused on identifying correlation or causality between these variables, with little attention given to the simultaneous relationship between them. This is still a clear gap in economic literature. Following this premise, the objective of this paper was to analyze the bidirectional relationship between financial development and growth by estimating a system of simultaneous equations using the Zellner and Theil’s (1962) 3SLS methodology. In this sense, the main contribution will be given empirically, based on data and analysis from emerging countries in Latin America and Asia. The fact that financial development has an influence on growth and growth plays a role on the development of the financial sector indicates a simultaneous relationship between these variables. Another relevant contribution is to update the debate on financial systems and economic development for emerging countries, highlighting institutional aspects and financial cycles. Theoretical / Methodological Contributions: The main contribution of this study is in the empirical strategy, whose results dialogue with part of the literature on the financial system and development presented along the text. That is, this research explored the statistical relationship between economic development and financial development for a sample composed by twenty-two Asian and Latin American emerging countries, using a simultaneous equations model.

In this paper we introduce an innovation activity which consists of a writing competition in a Faculty of Economics and Business at a large university in Spain. This activity allows us to assess the deficiencies that higher education students have in writing reports and to encourage students and staff to be aware of the relevance of written communication for their personal lives and their professional careers. This experience showed us that those students that enrolled in the competition had good marks in a multiple-choice exam with questions about orthography, grammar, punctuation and vocabulary but they found more difficulties in composing their own texts. This suggests that despite the years employed in learning the Spanish language prior to embarking on their higher education courses, the students do not have enough skills to compose texts at the advanced level that corresponds to professionals in Social Sciences. One implication of these findings is that higher education teachers should highlight the relevance of writing properly to their students and develop activities in those fields in which composition is compulsory.

Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar se a autoeficácia e as características empreendedoras (por exemplo, tomada de risco, planejamento, reconhecimento de oportunidade, persistência, sociabilidade, inovação e liderança) diferem na explicação dos modelos de intenção empreendedora, tendo a educação empreendedora como moderadora dos relacionamentos. Originalidade/valor: O estudo oferece uma perspectiva aprofundada sobre quais características comportamentais se encaixam melhor em modelos de intenção de empreendedorismo e auxilia a preencher uma lacuna teórica e prática sobre a necessidade de a educação universitária aumentar seu impacto positivo sobre o capital humano, particularmente nas habilidades profissionais dos alunos, demonstrando quais características são mais impactadas pela educação empreendedora. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Foi utilizada metodologia quantitativa e os dados foram analisados com modelagem de equações estruturais. A amostra foi composta por 1.004 universitários brasileiros, de universidades públicas e privadas. A pesquisa foi realizada de forma não probabilística e com amostra de conveniência. Para abordar as hipóteses e objetivos da pesquisa, todos os construtos foram adaptados da literatura de empreendedorismo. Resultados: Os resultados indicam que pode ser mais adequado utilizar um conjunto de características empreendedoras ao investigar um modelo de intenção empreendedora, quando se busca um fator explicativo superior e um modelo mais robusto; além disso, as características empreendedoras representam um modelo mais sensível, que traz avaliações precisas sobre os fatores que afetam a intenção empreendedora. Com esses resultados, a educação empreendedora pode ser planejada para moldar determinadas características, por meio de ações no ambiente universitário, sendo possível medir o impacto da educação na intenção empreendedora. / Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze whether self-efficacy and entrepreneurial characteristics (e.g., risk-taking, planning, opportunity recognition, persistence, sociability, innovation, and leadership) differ in the explanation of entrepreneurial intention models, having entrepreneurial education as a moderator of relationships. Originality/value: This paper offers an in-depth perspective on which behavioral characteristics fit best into entrepreneurial intention models and helps to fill a theoretical and practical gap on the need for university education to increase its positive impact on human capital, particularly on students’ professional skills, demonstrating which characteristics are most impacted by entrepreneurial education. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative methodology was employed, and data were analyzed with structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 1,004 Brazilian university students from public and private universities. The research was conducted in a non-probabilistic way and with a convenience sample. In order to address the research hypothesis and objectives, all constructs were adapted from relevant literature on entrepreneurship. Findings: The results indicate it seems more appropriate to use a set of entrepreneurial characteristics when investigating an entrepreneurial intention model if you are looking for a higher explanatory factor and a more robust model; also, entrepreneurial characteristics represent a more sensitive model, which brings accurate assessments on factors that affect entrepreneurial intention. With these findings, entrepreneurial education can be planned to shape certain characteristics through actions in the university environment, making it possible to measure the impact of education on entrepreneurial intention.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is: (a) to highlight the role of companies and their leaders in the proper management, handling, and control of stress in order to promote the well-being of workers, (b) to identify the main sources of stress, (c) to present various strategies to manage stress, (d) to analyze the factors of a psychologically healthy company. Methodology: The methodological approach was qualitative with a documentary design, supported by an extensive review of updated literature. Findings: research studies and surveys on working conditions have shown that stress is a relevant factor in people's lives, that it is widely spread and that it is usually accompanied by serious and negative consequences on mental and physical health. Practical implications: Companies and their managers should understand their responsibility in caring for organizational and occupational health, both individually and collectively, paying special attention to the prevention, management, and control of stress. Value: This work provides information, scientific evidence, and practical data. Throughout the twenty-first century, the subject of stress has become not only a relevant phenomenon but also it has been socially and scientifically acknowledged worldwide.

More than ever, engaging a multidisciplinary approach in decision-making displays an arsenal of capacity necessary for success across managerial concerns in all sectors of the economy. Psychology and economics capturing human behaviors form part of this interdisciplinary research that spans the years though many are far from this reality. The paper shows the impact of neuro-economics on strategic financial decisions in multinational enterprises deploying theories of decisions, utility, and expectations across MNCs in the media industry in Nigeria while addressing the effects of emotions affecting advertising outcomes and branding, and financial decisions building the theoretical framework from resources from Google Scholar and Scopus search engines. Utilizing five MNCs as a sample in a population of 15 registered media firms in Nigeria, the study uses grounded theory methodology and focus group discussions to uncover the reality of emotional influence on strategic decisions and multiple regression analysis to test for the statistical significance of independent variables on the dependent variable. The output shows that neuro-economics contributes significantly to all economic decision-making in all sectors, including the media industry. Although research generalization is challenging due to economic variations in different markets, the report posts resourceful information for policy-making decisions, productivity, and wealth creation.

Abstract This special issue, generously accepted and published by Cadernos EBAPE.BR, emerges from the daily life-preserving struggles in Brazil and other parts of the Global South against the radical invisibility of colonial and racial oppressions at a time of the double pandemic of COVID-19 and white supremacy. This collection of articles that we have the pleasure to share with you embodies our decolonizing and deracializing response to normalization of necropolitics, of deciding who may live and who must die. This normalization can be seen in the false idea of impunity of law enforcement officials, such as the Minneapolis police officer who killed George Floyd in the USA. It is important to highlight that George Floyd’s death would have been yet another mere statistic if not for the courage and determination of the 17-year-old Black teenager who filmed it with her cell phone. Inspired by the attitude of this Black girl, we brought together eight provocative and insightful articles which will help us to reflect on the struggles faced by marginalized communities and the impact of the domain of Eurocentric perspective on the understanding of management practices and organizations’ dynamics. These papers cover topics such as the role of accounting in the slave-owning system, contemporary forms of slavery in Brazil, and the intersectional experiences of Black women in labor exploitation. Our goal is to challenge existing narratives and shed light on hidden histories to contribute to the decolonization and deracialization within and outside the field of Management and Organizational Studies.

Abstract A few research papers on modern slavery have outlined how this phenomenon flourishes and persists despite institutional pressures against inhumane practices. In order to analyze slavery from an institutional perspective and answer the question of the main factors in the institutional field that sustain modern slavery, qualitative data were collected in the Brazilian context, where the country is widely recognized for its significant actions against modern slavery practices. This study draws on primary and secondary data collected through in-depth interviews and participant observation at conferences, as well as content analysis of documents using NVivo software. The study suggests that certain contextual conditions legitimize organizational practices of formal and informal firms, called institutional deflection. As a contribution to modern slavery management patterns, this article presents the “modern slavery wheel” based on the results of a dynamic cycle that incorporates and systematizes the elements that support the phenomenon. Wheel mechanisms such as favorite conditioning, recurrence, enticement, and truck system seem to contribute to modern slavery practices and their maintenance over time. Moreover, we suggest that these same components may also contribute to breaking the modern slavery wheel

The article aims to analyze the mediating effect of technologies and technological capabilities on the relationship between supply chain strategic orientation and chain performance and its impact on the target company performance. To collect data, a sample of 125 manufacturing companies sited in technological hubs in Brazil was used. The data, treated by modeling in structural equations, revealed that technology and technological capabilities mediate the relationship between the strategic orientation and the supply chain performance, in turn, impacts the focal company performance. Given these results, it was concluded that technology and technological capabilities are the best strategies to improve the relationship between the strategic orientation of the supply chain and performances for chain and company. The contribution of this paper was proof that technology and technological capabibilities play an important role in performances both for the supply chain and the focal company.

Green human resource management (GHRM) is a crucial element of the globally trending topic of green management. Although GHRM has received considerable research attention in recent years, confusion remains regarding its antecedents, the social, and psychological processes through which GHRM influences employee behavior, and the potential outcomes to be derived from its use. This paper aims to disentangle and summarize the components that have been explored in the GHRM-performance relationship. To achieve these goals, we conduct a systematic review based on the preferred reporting items method and then present a series of theoretical approaches to stimulate new debates on theory building and its subsequent use in GHRM research. We also carefully explain information on organizational and employee-level factors that motivate and hinder GHRM and display this information in a visual framework. The implications for practice provide focused recommendations to help managers understand how to create favorable conditions for enhancing sustainability performance. The gaps identified should open the way to new lines of research that still need attention.

Abstract Purpose: This paper sought to verify the influence of family structure on the performance of family companies listed in Brazil between 2010 and 2017. We also analyzed the impact of monitoring and duality on the performance of these companies. Originality/value: The relevance of the study is found mainly in the use of unusual variables, such as the participation of founders and descendants as shareholders, on the boards of directors, and as chief executive officers (CEOs), since it was not possible to identify any study in Brazil that addressed family participation in a fragmented way, separating the effects caused by founders and descendants, giving greater depth to the issue. In addition, it generates interest to the most varied audiences, including shareholders, regulators, analysts, and investors who have a specific interest in how family structures affect the performance of companies. Design/methodology/approach: Data related to shareholders, composition of the boards of directors, executives, family ties, founding families, founders, descendants, and financial performance were used in the research. An unbalanced data panel was analyzed through the generalized method of moments (GMM). Findings: A positive effect of monitoring and duality on the firms’ performance was verified. The impact of family structure on performance was ambiguous. Founders and descendants that were CEOs or were working in management had positive and negative effects on the performance measures. Additionally, the participation of founders on the board of directors negatively impacted the performance. Finally, it was observed that family ownership positively impacts the firms’ performance, suggesting that families look after the companies. / Resumo Objetivo: Este artigo buscou verificar a influência da estrutura familiar no desempenho de companhias familiares listadas no Brasil entre 2010 e 2017. Também se analisou o impacto do monitoramento e da dualidade no desempenho dessas empresas. Originalidade/valor: A relevância do estudo encontra-se principalmente na utilização de variáveis inusitadas, como a participação de fundadores e descendentes como acionistas, nos conselhos de administração e como chief executive officers (CEOs), pois não foi possível identificar nenhum estudo no Brasil que tratasse dessa participação de forma fragmentada, separando os efeitos causados por fundadores e descendentes, dando maior profundidade ao tema. Além disso, o estudo desperta interesse dos mais variados públicos, abrangendo acionistas, reguladores, analistas e investidores que tenham interesse específico em como as estruturas familiares afetam o desempenho das companhias. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Na pesquisa, foram utilizados dados relativos a acionistas, composição do conselho de administração, executivos, vínculos familiares, famílias fundadoras, fundadores, descendentes e desempenho financeiro. Um painel de dados não balanceado foi analisado por meio do método dos momentos generalizados (generalized method of moments - GMM). Resultados: Verificou-se um efeito positivo do monitoramento e da dualidade no desempenho das empresas. O impacto da estrutura familiar no desempenho foi ambíguo. Fundadores e descendentes que eram CEOs ou atuavam na gestão tiveram efeitos positivos e negativos nas medidas de desempenho. Adicionalmente, a participação dos fundadores no conselho de administração impactou negativamente o desempenho. Por fim, observou-se que a propriedade familiar impacta positivamente o desempenho das empresas, sugerindo que as famílias cuidam das empresas.

Marketing plays a key role in the configuration of human and organizational actions through the design, digitalization and communication of social and economic values. In a digital age, Marketing strategies are at the center of several controversies like the growth of consumeristic practices, environmental damage and public opinion manipulation among others. However, Marketing is a scientific discipline and practice that demonstrated its capacity to increase people’s quality of life. The objective of this paper is to present a theoretical framework of Humanistic Marketing for the promotion of quality of life based on Human-to-Human Marketing, Strategic Orchestration and Social Marketing models.

Recently, the use of machine learning (ML) in scientific disciplines has experienced an unprecedented increase. Finance has not been an exception. Several works have been published in recent years using ml techniques. However, one of the topics with the least number of developed papers is volatility in this context. Nevertheless, the data analyzed here suggest changes regarding this issue. Data obtained from the Web of Science database show that between 2001 and 2010 there were 33 published papers associated with this topic. Surprisingly, between 2019 and 2023, 189 manuscripts have been published related to this topic. The purpose of this work is to review the works related to the applications of ml in volatility. For this, a classification of the main proposals on this topic is proposed following a narrative methodology, accompanied by a statistical and bibliometric analysis in which novel techniques such as K-means were used. The results are suggestive. Although most papers focus on volatility prediction through neural networks and support vector machines, there is a lack of studies related to volatility transmission, calibration of volatility surfaces, and corporate finance. Moreover, the obtained results indicate that there is a gap in the production of works related to these topics in finance and economics specialized journals.

In the paper we optimize a procedure developed recently to reconcile time series by flexible least squares. In the previous version of the procedure the author assumed prior knowledge of the weighting parameter μ of Kalaba and Tesfatsion’s so-called “incompatibility cost function”. In the new version, this parameter is estimated from the sample using an iterative method based on the Newton-Raphson algorithm. We test the improved method by reconciling the monthly growth rates of the Monthly Economic Activity Estimator (EMAE) of Argentina with the quarterly growth rates of the Gross Domestic Product. The results suggest that optimal levels of μ would be close to 1 (the value suggested by Kalaba and Tesfatsion as prior value) but estimating μ from the sample instead of keeping it fixed at 1 hardly modifies the reconciled series.

Corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) have been studied widely in the last fifteen years. These major efforts in research and publication might have been expected to produce aligned results but is it not the case; this paper aims to study why there is no consensus among them. By using the bibliometric data obtained from Scopus, this paper looks at four bibliometric indicators (journals, authors, countries, areas) for published work. We look for papers between 1977 and 2018 and identify a total of 371. The findings reveal that there are at least five key journals publishing in CSP-CFP relationship. There is a lack of co-occurrence between authors, regarding areas, two distinct perspectives are detected: one based on sustainability and social responsibility and the other linked more closely to marketing, and both perspectives can be connected via stakeholder theory. It contributes using bibliometric approach, it shows a reason to align the results around the relationship between CSP-CFP and open the windows to create a theory. Finally, the findings of this paper provide insights to the researchers on the development of social responsibility. The disparity of results in this line enriches analysis but does not outcome in a single line of contribution to science, thus decreasing the potential for channelling studies into a single theory. This only seems possible if contributions can be focused on the nexus that unites them: stakeholder theory.

The purpose of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of socioemotional wealth research from the perspective of the family business. This analysis describes the current research trends and shows the future lines of research to guide future research in this field. A detailed and systematic analysis of the scientific production of 1026 articles on socioemotional wealth published in the Web of Science (WoS) between 1975 and 2012 has been carried out. This work shows the consolidation of socioemotional wealth as an area of research in family business, whose development has occurred since 2007. On the other hand, the most important articles, authors, countries and institutions in research on socioemotional wealth are pointed out. Finally, this paper concludes that the theoretical foundation of socioemotional wealth as an area of research is due to its connection with Family Business Theory.