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In this work, we analyze the behavior of the multivariate symmetric uncertainty (MSU) measure through the use of statistical simulation techniques under various mixes of informative and non-informative randomly generated features. Experiments show how the number of attributes, their cardinalities, and the sample size affect the MSU. In this thesis, through observation of results, it is proposed an heuristic condition that preserves good quality in the MSU under different combinations of these three factors, providing a new useful criterion to help drive the process of dimension reduction. -- En el presente trabajo hemos analizado el comportamiento de una versi\'on multivariada de la incertidumbre sim\'etrica a trav\'es de t\'ecnicas de simulaci\'on estad\'isticas sobre varias combinaciones de atributos informativos y no-informativos generados de forma aleatoria. Los experimentos muestran como el n\'umero de atributos, sus cardinalidades y el tama\~no muestral afectan al MSU como medida. En esta tesis, mediante la observaci\'on de resultados hemos propuesto una condici\'on que preserva una buena calidad en el MSU bajo diferentes combinaciones de los tres factores mencionados, lo cual provee un nuevo y valioso criterio para llevar a cabo el proceso de reducci\'on de dimensionalidad., Comment: 52 pages, in Spanish. Advisors: Miguel Garc\'ia-Torres, Santiago G\'omez-Guerrero, Christian E. Schaerer Serra

The inverse spin Hall effect used for detection of spin currents was observed by voltage measurements in bilayers of normal metal (NM)/ferromagnetic metal (FM), using Nb, Mo and Bi as normal metal and Permalloy (Py, Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$) as ferromagnetic metal. The spin current was generated by the spin pumping effect with ferromagnetic resonance. The samples were deposited by dc magnetron sputtering at room temperature on Si (001) substrates. The three bilayers of Nb/Py, Mo/Py and Bi/Py had a spin-orbit coupling large enough to observe the voltage generation by spin Hall effect, Comment: in Spanish language

This document describes the development of a video game prototype designed to encourage physical activity among children and older adults. The prototype consists of a laptop, a camera with 3D sensors, and optionally requires an LCD screen or a projector. The programming component of this prototype was developed in Scratch, a programming language geared towards children, which greatly facilitates the creation of a game tailored to the users' preferences. The idea to create such a prototype originated from the desire to offer an option that promotes physical activity among children and adults, given that a lack of physical exercise is a predominant factor in the development of chronic degenerative diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, to name the most common. As a result of this initiative, an active video game prototype was successfully developed, based on a ping-pong game, which allows both children and adults to interact in a fun way while encouraging the performance of physical activities that can positively impact the users' health., Comment: 13 pages, in Spanish language, 11 figures

3D sensors, also known as RGB-D sensors, utilize depth images where each pixel measures the distance from the camera to objects, using principles like structured light or time-of-flight. Advances in artificial vision have led to affordable 3D cameras capable of real-time object detection without object movement, surpassing 2D cameras in information depth. These cameras can identify objects of varying colors and reflectivities and are less affected by lighting changes. The described prototype uses RGB-D sensors for bidirectional people counting in venues, aiding security and surveillance in spaces like stadiums or airports. It determines real-time occupancy and checks against maximum capacity, crucial during emergencies. The system includes a RealSense D415 depth camera and a mini-computer running object detection algorithms to count people and a 2D camera for identity verification. The system supports statistical analysis and uses C++, Python, and PHP with OpenCV for image processing, demonstrating a comprehensive approach to monitoring venue occupancy., Comment: 8 pages, in Spanish language, 8 figures

The theory behind the Lights Out game has been developed by several authors. The aim of this work is to present some results related to this game using Linear Algebra. We establish a criterion for the solubility of this game in the case of an $m$ by $n$ grid, which depends on the invertibility of a matrix, and we present the conditions for this to occur, easily verifiable from $m$ and $n$. Furthermore, we explicitly determine the value of the determinant for a particular case., Comment: in Spanish language

The GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) language models are an artificial intelligence and natural language processing technology that enables automatic text generation. There is a growing interest in applying GPT language models to university teaching in various dimensions. From the perspective of innovation in student and teacher activities, they can provide support in understanding and generating content, problem-solving, as well as personalization and test correction, among others. From the dimension of internationalization, the misuse of these models represents a global problem that requires taking a series of common measures in universities from different geographical areas. In several countries, there has been a review of assessment tools to ensure that work is done by students and not by AI. To this end, we have conducted a detailed experiment in a representative subject of Computer Science such as Software Engineering, which has focused on evaluating the use of ChatGPT as an assistant in theory activities, exercises, and laboratory practices, assessing its potential use as a support tool for both students and teachers., Comment: 15 pages, in spanish language, 4 tables, 5 figures

A classic problem in analysis is to solve nonlinear equations of the form \begin{equation*} F(x)=0, \end{equation*} where $F:D^n\to \mathbb{R}^m$ is a continuous map of the closed unit disk $D^n\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ in $\mathbb{R}^m$. A topological technique, which exists in the literature, for the existence of solutions of nonlinear equations is the topological degree theory. In this work, we will use the category of a map theory to solve the problem of existence of solutions of nonlinear equations. This theory, as we will show in this work, provides an alternative topological technique to study nonlinear equations., Comment: In spanish. 44 pages. To appear in Pro Mathematica

In this book, we study Statistical Physics under conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium, starting from the definition of statistical ensembles. The book is divided into five chapters: First, a brief introduction to statistical methods. Second, the statistical description of isolated systems, corresponding to microcanonical ensembles. Third, the statistical description of systems in contact with a heat reservoir at a constant temperature T, known as the canonical ensemble. Fourth, the description of systems in contact with a heat reservoir at temperature T and with a constant chemical potential {\mu}; the grand canonical ensemble. And finally, quantum statistics. In each chapter, a theoretical description, worked examples, links to simulations (see GitHub repository: https://github.com/davidalejandromiranda/StatisticalPhysics) and discussions on recent scientific reports will be presented so readers can complement their studies., Comment: Book, in Spanish language

The HIV/AIDS pandemic is a global issue that has unequally affected several countries. Due to the complexity of this condition and the human drama it represents to those most affected by it, several fields have contributed to solving or at least alleviating this situation, and the information systems (IS) field has not been absent from these efforts. With the importance of antiretroviral therapy (ART) as a starting point, several initiatives in the IS field have focused on ways to improve the adherence and effectiveness of this therapy: mobile phone reminders (for pill intake and appointments), and mobile interfaces between patients and health workers are popular contributions. However, many of these solutions have been difficult to implement or deploy in some countries in the Global South, which are among the most affected by this pandemic. This paper presents one such case. Using a case-study approach with an extreme-case selection technique, the paper studies an m-health system for HIV patients in the Kalangala region of Uganda. Using Heeks' design-reality gap model for data analysis, the paper shows that the rich interaction between social context and technology should be considered a central concern when designing or deploying such systems., Comment: 30 pages, in Spanish

Liquid crystals are the prototype of the so-called soft condensed matter. In simple terms they are "structured liquids" that historically have received a lot of interest because they help to generate new concepts and knowledge in Physics, and possess important electro--optical applications, e. g., in displays of mobile computers and telephones. More recently, it has been discovered that liquid crystals could be applied in fabrication of metamaterials and in biomedicine where they are potentially useful for tissue identification, controlled drug delivery and detection of bacteria and viruses. However, in Mexico, liquid crystals courses are included only in a few undergraduate programs on Physics being elective in most of the cases. Therefore, literature for teaching about liquid crystals in Spanish is scarce. In this paper we will discuss about elementary Physics of liquid crystals and the mathematical tools that permit to analyze them. We will explain, mainly, how to analytically characterize the symmetry and order of static uniaxial nematic liquid crystals, the most simple of all liquid crystal phases. We will conduct this explanation in basic terms, suitable for science and engineering students at intermediate undergraduate level, with knowledge about linear algebra and vector calculus, willing to approach for the first time to this subject. Our goal is to support the Latin American scientific community in preparing human resources in this field. The article is written in Spanish to contribute to the establishment and communication of concepts that only exist in other languages in the specialized literature., Comment: In Spanish, 13 figures

In Colombia, astronomical research is experiencing accelerated growth. In order to better understand its evolution and current state, we conducted a bibliometric study using data from the Astrophysics Data System (ADS) and Web of Science (WoS). In ADS, we identified 422 peer-reviewed publications from 1980, the year of the first publication, until 2023, which was the cutoff date for our study. Among the 25 Colombian institutions identified as participants in at least one publication, the contributions of four universities stand out: Universidad de los Andes, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Universidad Industrial de Santander, and Universidad de Antioquia, with 104, 78, 68, and 67 publications, respectively. By cross-referencing information from ADS and WoS, we found that the areas with the greatest impact in publications are threefold: high-energy and fundamental physics, stars and stellar physics, and galaxies and cosmology. Globally, according to WoS, Colombia ranks 52nd in the number of peer-reviewed publications between 2019 and 2023, and fifth in Latin America. Additionally, we identified three highly cited publications (top 1% worldwide) belonging to the field of observational cosmology. When analyzing countries with equal or greater bibliographic production, we estimate that Colombian production is approximately four times lower than expected considering its population and GDP., Comment: 34 pages, in Spanish language, 7 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, F\'isicas y Naturales (ACCEFYN). Texto en espa\~nol

A simplified model of an initially excited oscillator as a quantum system interacting with a large number of oscillators acting as a reservoir has been developed in this work. All these oscillators are in their ground state uncoupled each other and at the limit of the weak coupling between the system and the reservoir. This system could be an oscillator excited in a microcavity that interacts with the vacuum's electromagnetic field at zero temperature. This work's primary goal is to obtain the system's density matrix's exact solution in these conditions. The general approach calculates all oscillators' evolution as a single isolated entity using the evolution operator. Starting from a total initial state that can be factored between the system and the reservoir, the evolution is unitary, and the partial trace is taken in all the degrees of freedom of the environment to obtain the density matrix of the system at any instant of time; this procedure requires diagonalizing Hamiltonian. The results are evaluated for a reservoir of N=1000 oscillators, particular values of the coupling force, and ohmic order of the spectral density, contrasted with the corresponding Markovian solution described in section [2.3.1]., Comment: Acknowledgment to my advisor Dr. Hernan Castillo Egoavil. Master's thesis, in Spanish language, http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19564

In this work was researched the problems of classicalization and measurement unifying them in a single problem: the problem of collapse, for this purpose was developed a working program -- the classicalization's program -- in an interpretation of objective collapse that was proposed for this purpose, and which overcomes the limitations of the official interpretation. This program explain that the classicization arises by alternating the unitary evolution and the collapses, due to the redistribution of energy, so the classical mechanics emerges as a good approximation; however, was defined deep chaos as the regime where macrosystems are so sensitive to the initial conditions that are affected by the collapses and indeterminism of quantum mechanics, allowing the emergence of thermodynamics with its irreversibility; at this level the observation occurs because the measurement device (classic) extends their collapses at microsystem through quantum entanglement. In this work, was did an extension of the classicalization's program at the black holes, and was explained -- at a level still in development -- about the role of the collapses in its thermodynamic; in addition, the program of quantum decoherence was critized, and was presented a theory of physical information that was developing., Comment: Bachelor's thesis, in Spanish language. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12952/3539

The Large-Scale Structure (LSS) of the Universe provides valuable information for modern cosmology. The future redshift surveys, as DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument), will measure millions of galaxies and quasars, which allows to measure the history expansion and the growth factor. In this work, we present the theoretical model of the matter power spectrum and the redshift space multipoles of the galaxy power spectrum. We compute the spectrum using different methods as 1-loop Standard Perturbation Theory, Effective Field Theory and the Infrarred resummations., Comment: 5 pages, in Spanish, 2 figures; Revista Digital de la RNAFM, vol. 27, Pp. 209-212 (2022)

We live in the golden era of cosmology due to next redshift surveys will map a significant volume of the Universe across a wide range of redshifts. We analyze the clustering of the eBOSS luminous red galaxy sample (eBOSS LRG). We measure the multipole power spectra inferred from the NGC sample (107500 galaxies) and SGC sample (67316 galaxies) between redshifts 0.6 and 1.0, with effective redshift zeff=0.695 and zeff=0.704 for NGC and SGC samples, respectively. We use the non-linear perturbation theory to model the the redshift space multipoles of the galaxy power spectrum., Comment: 4 pages, in Spanish, 4 figures; Revista Digital de la RNAFM, vol. 27, Pp. 213-216 (2022)

The identification and characterization of various rock types is one of the fundamental activities for geology and related areas such as mining, petroleum, environment, industry and construction. Traditionally, a human specialist is responsible for analyzing and explaining details about the type, composition, texture, shape and other properties using rock samples collected in-situ or prepared in a laboratory. The results become subjective based on experience, in addition to consuming a large investment of time and effort. The present proposal uses artificial intelligence techniques combining computer vision and natural language processing to generate a textual and verbal description from a thin section image of rock. We build a dataset of images and their respective textual descriptions for the training of a model that associates the relevant features of the image extracted by EfficientNetB7 with the textual description generated by a Transformer network, reaching an accuracy value of 0.892 and a BLEU value of 0.71. This model can be a useful resource for research, professional and academic work, so it has been deployed through a Web application for public use., Comment: 21 pages, in Spanish language, 7 figures

This paper presents the design of an artificial vision system prototype for automatic inspection and monitoring of objects over a conveyor belt and using a Smart camera 2D BOA-INS. The prototype consists of a conveyor belt and an embedded system based on an Arduino Mega card for system control, and it has as main peripherals the smart camera, a direct current motor, a photoelectric sensor, LED illumination and LEDs indicating the status (good or defect) of each evaluated object. The application of the prototype is for educational purposes, so that undergraduate, master and diploma students can simulate a continuous production line, controlled by an embedded system, and perform quality control by monitoring through a visual system and a personal computer. This allows implementing the topics of embedded systems, artificial vision, artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, automatic control, as well as automation of real processes., Comment: 8 pages, 16 figures, in Spanish language

We analyse the scientific research carried out at the Institute of Physics of the National University of La Plata in the first half of the 20th century, and the cultural and social context in which they were immersed. We focus especially on the activities carried out by the Argentine physicist Ramon G. Loyarte, who was an emblematic personality in the scientific, educational, cultural and political world of Argentina in those years. We discuss his most important works in experimental physics and quantum mechanics, his activities in the management and promotion of science and the international impact of his scientific proposals, as well as the origin of the controversies unleashed by his most daring ideas. For the latter topics we employ a novel tool: we examine the comments on his work published in prestigious international scientific review journals, which help to understand Loyarte's findings in a more comprehensive and contemporary way., Comment: Article in Spanish, PDF document. Other related documents available at https://www.universoeinstein.com.ar/einsteinargentina.htm

The objective of this work is to analyze the usefulness to transform the information to measure sports performance. This analysis is carried out within the field of basketball due to the existing tradition in this sport in data collection, although it is easily adaptable to any other sport. As a result, a modification of the Performance Index Rating (PIR) is proposed to measure sports performance. The results obtained are illustrated from the statistics of Larry Bird, Earvin Johnson, Michael Jordan and Kobe Bryant throughout their careers and can serve to optimize the process of player renewal/firing/hiring in the design of a roster or to aid decision-making in awarding individual awards as best player of a season., Comment: 16 pages, working paper (in spanish)

Samples of $\alpha$-SiC have been sintered with liquid phase (LPS) to 1950 $^\circ$C, in atmosphere of argon and processing times between 1 and 7 hours. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the microstructure of the samples has been characterized, being obtained average grain size that grows with the processing time from 0.64 to 1.61 $\mu$m. These samples have been deformed in compression under constant load, to temperatures between 1450 and 1625 C, stresses between 25 and 450 MPa and strain rate between $4.2\times 10^{-8}$ and $1.5\times 10^{-6}$ s$^{-1}$. The creep parameters have been determined, obtaining for n values between 2.4 0.1 and 4.5 0.2 and Q=680 35 kJ.mol$^{-1}$ in samples sintered during 1 hour and n between 1.2 0.1 and 2.4 0.1 and Q=710 90 kJ.mol$^{-1}$ for samples sintered during 7 hours. These results have been correlated with the microstructure, being the grain boundary sliding (GBS) accommodated by lattice diffusion and the movement of dislocations the possible deformation mechanisms, operating both in a simultaneous way., Comment: in Spanish language (Microestructura y propiedades mec\'anicas a altas temperaturas del $\alpha$-SiC sinterizado con fase l\'iquida de Y$_2$O$_3$-Al$_2$O$_3$)

Information and Community Technologies (ICT) are very present in our society nowadays and particularly in the educative field. In just two decades, we have passed from a learning based, in many cases, on the master lessons to one such that methodologies like the flipped classroom or the gamification are stronger than ever. Along this work, we have done a study to teachers and students with the main objective to compare the knowledge on digital tools, their use and their acceptation. We use WxMaxima and Geogebra in order to solve an exercise of \textit{Evaluaci\'on de Bachillerato para el Acceso a la Universidad} (EBAU) related with Geometry, comparing their ins and outs with the manual solution. Finally, we expose some conclusions and some possible research lines about digital tools, as well as a proposition of an introductory course on WxMaxima and Geogebra in order to teach the teachers., Comment: in Spanish language, Article accepted to appear in the next volume of TEMat (https://temat.es/)

Recent advances in image, video, text and audio generative techniques, and their use by the general public, are leading to new forms of content generation. Usually, each modality was approached separately, which poses limitations. The automatic sound recording of visual sequences is one of the greatest challenges for the automatic generation of multimodal content. We present a processing flow that, starting from images extracted from videos, is able to sound them. We work with pre-trained models that employ complex encoders, contrastive learning, and multiple modalities, allowing complex representations of the sequences for their sonorization. The proposed scheme proposes different possibilities for audio mapping and text guidance. We evaluated the scheme on a dataset of frames extracted from a commercial video game and sounds extracted from the Freesound platform. Subjective tests have evidenced that the proposed scheme is able to generate and assign audios automatically and conveniently to images. Moreover, it adapts well to user preferences, and the proposed objective metrics show a high correlation with the subjective ratings., Comment: 10 pages, in Spanish, Tecniac\'ustica

The bibliographic review is a fundamental phase in a research project, and it must guarantee that the most relevant information in the field of study is obtained. Our main objective was to know the works related to the Internet of medical things, from now on (IoMT). We analyzed a total of 535 articles searched in association for Computing Machinery in Adelante ACM, Web of Science and Scopus the search domain was IoMT, we established 3 parameters, (problematic, artifact and artifact evaluation), this according to the Research of Design Science in Adelante DSR, is a research approach for the construction of artifacts to provide a useful solution to a problem in each domain. The equation (Internet of things AND mesh) resulted in 535, (Internet of things AND medicine) a total of 417 and finally (Internet of medical things AND mesh) with 8, this means that there is a lot to investigate in this research domain. The advantages identified in this type of topology is to carry messages from one node to another by different paths, there can be absolutely no interruption in communications, each server has its own communications with all other servers. Health and IT issues have been drastically influenced by the large data from IoMT devices. In this paper, we conducted a review of the scientific literature and mapped research trends on the IoMT paradigm in the health domain. Finally, this paper expands on the literature, and the findings of this study can serve as a basis for future studies., Comment: in Spanish language

Based on bibliometric information from Scopus for the period 1996-2019, this document characterizes the evolution of Uruguayan scientific production and establishes the areas in which the country has a revealed comparative advantage (RCA). Methodologically, it is proposed that there is a RCA in an area if this area has a greater share in national scientific production than the share of the area in world scientific production. The evidence presented considers two measurements of scientific production (published articles and citations) and three levels of aggregation in the areas (a minor one with 5 large areas, a more detailed one with 27 disciplines and another even more granular with more than 300 disaggregations). Within Health Sciences there is a RCA in Veterinary, Nursing and Medicine. Within Life Sciences there is a RCA in Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology and Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology. In Physical Sciences there is only a RCA in Environmental Science and in Social Sciences only in Economics, Econometrics and Finance., Comment: Pages 48, in Spanish language, 2 tables, 20 figure

In this study, 529 variables extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) of 922 breast cancer patients have been evaluated, focusing on distinguishing between recurrent and non-recurrent cases, as well as those with and without metastasis. Special emphasis is placed on the differences among invasive breast cancer subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 positive, and TNBC). The accurate identification of the subtype is crucial as it impacts both treatment and prognosis. The analysis is based on the dataset from Saha et al., highlighting key factors for predicting recurrences and metastases, providing valuable information for proper monitoring and the selection of effective treatments., Comment: 9 pages, text in Spanish

This paper describes how the field of Combinatorial Semantics has contributed to the design of three prototypes for the automatic generation of argument patterns in nominal phrases in Spanish, French and German (Xera, Combinatoria and CombiContext). It also shows the importance of knowing about the argument syntactic-semantic interface in a production situation in the context of foreign languages. After a descriptive section on the design, typologie and information levels of the resources, there follows an explanation of the central role of the combinatorial meaning (roles and ontological features). The study deals with different semantic f ilters applied in the selection, organization and expansion of the lexicon, being these key pieces for the generation of grammatically correct and semantically acceptable mono- and biargumental nominal phrases., Comment: 18 pages, in Spanish language. C\'irculo de ling\"u\'istica aplicada a la comunicaci\'on, 2022

The aim of this paper is to provide a classification of multilingual and plurilingual electronic lexicographic resources which would enable, one the one hand, the implementation of quantitative and qualitative criteria to produce a typological taxonomy of lexicographical tools, such as dictionaries, as opposed to platforms and websites and, on the other, the distinction of multilingual and plurilingual resources in terms of their larger or lesser prototyping degree. In addition to offering a thorough description of the different resources, this paper also puts forward some parameters and typological proposals to define and demarcate a number of electronic resources, particularly multilingual dictionaries and portals, while also outlining, and even questioning, the object of study of multilingual and plurilingual lexicography., Comment: 25 pages, in Spanish language

In this paper, the deductive system for double propositional logic DL and gamma DL existential graphs are presented. It rigorously proves the consistency of the DL and that the DL theorems correspond exactly to the valid existential graphs of gamma DL. When the language of DL is restricted to the language of classical propositional logic, the restriction associated with gamma DL coincides with the valid existential graphs of Charles Sanders Peirce's alpha system. It turns out that intuitionistic propositional logic theorems are DL theorems; furthermore, when the language of DL is restricted to the language of IL, the restriction associated with gamma DL coincides with the valid existential graphs of Arnold Oostra's intuitionistic alpha system. As a consequence, it is inferred that gamma LD has as particular cases, the alpha existential graphs of LC and LI. Finally, in DL, the Aristotelian definitions of truth and falsity are derived, with which the ability of DL to solve a version of the liar paradox, where LC and LI fail, is illustrated., Comment: in Spanish language. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2310.02035

The research aims to assess the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic investment on Chile's economic growth. By elucidating the relationship between FDI and domestic investment, the study contributes valuable insights for economic policy formulation and future investments. The findings hold significance in shaping Chile's international perception as an investment destination, potentially influencing its standing in the global economic landscape. Demonstrating that FDI is a significant driver of economic growth could enhance confidence among foreign investors. The project's importance lies in contributing to economic knowledge and guiding strategic decisions for sustainable economic growth in Chile. Understanding the interplay of FDI and domestic investment allows for a balanced approach, promoting stable economic development and mitigating issues like excessive reliance on foreign investment. The study highlights the theory of internationalization as a conceptual framework for understanding the motives and strategies of multinational companies investing abroad. Leveraging data from sources like the Central Bank of Chile, the research analyzes variables such as Chile's economic growth (GDP), FDI, and domestic investment. The hypothesis posits a significant long-term causal relationship between FDI, National Investment (NI), and Chile's Economic Growth (GDP). Statistical analysis using the Eviews 6 software tool confirms that attracting foreign investments and promoting internal investment are imperative for sustainable economic growth in Chile., Comment: in Spanish language

The classifications of inflationary regimes proposed in the literature have mostly been based on arbitrary characterizations, subject to value judgments by researchers. The objective of this study is to propose a new methodological approach that reduces subjectivity and improves accuracy in the construction of such regimes. The method is built upon a combination of clustering techniques and classification trees, which allows for an historical periodization of Argentina's inflationary history for the period 1943-2022. Additionally, two procedures are introduced to smooth out the classification over time: a measure of temporal contiguity of observations and a rolling method based on the simple majority rule. The obtained regimes are compared against the existing literature on the inflation-relative price variability relationship, revealing a better performance of the proposed regimes., Comment: in Spanish language

In this article we describe and apply the Fay-Herriot model with spatially correlated random area effects (Pratesi, M., & Salvati, N. (2008)), in order to predict the prevalence of anemia and childhood stunting in Peruvian districts, based on the data from the Demographic and Family Health Survey of the year 2019, which collects data about anemia and childhood stunting for children under the age of 12 years, and the National Census carried out in 2017. Our main objective is to produce reliable predictions for the districts, where sample sizes are too small to provide good direct estimates, and for the districts, which were not included in the sample. The basic Fay-Herriot model (Fay & Herriot, 1979) tackles this problem by incorporating auxiliary information, which is generally available from administrative or census records. The Fay-Herriot model with spatially correlated random area effects, in addition to auxiliary information, incorporates geographic information about the areas, such as latitude and longitude. This permits modeling spatial autocorrelations, which are not unusual in socioeconomic and health surveys. To evaluate the mean square error of the above-mentioned predictors, we use the parametric bootstrap procedure, developed in Molina et al. (2009)., Comment: 32 pages, in Spanish language, 8 figures

This article presents an application that evaluates the feasibility of humanoid robots as interactive guides in art museums. The application entailes programming a NAO robot and a chatbot to provide information about art pieces in a simulated museum environment. In this controlled scenario, the learning employees interact with the robot and the chatbot. The result is a skilled participation in the interactions, along with the effectiveness of the robot and chatbot that communicates the basic details of the art objects. You see natural and fluid interactions between the students and the robot. This suggests that the addition of humanoid robots to museums may provide a better experience for visitors, but also the need to continue to do more to optimize the quality of interaction. This study contributes to understanding the possibilities and requirements of applying humanoid technologies in a cultural context., Comment: Febitec 2023, in Spanish language

This article describes the design and development of robotic prototypes for robotic soccer competitions using Dynamixel motors. Although the prototypes are not aimed at world-class competitions, they represent a significant step in the development of sports robots. Model XL430-W250 Dynamixel motors were chosen and electronic circuits were implemented using control boards such as OpenCR and Raspberry Pi 3. A crucial component was introduced: a step-up board that charges a capacitor to create a powerful kick to the ball via anelectromagnet controlled by Arduino Nano. The programming and coordination of the prototypes was carried out using the ROS environment (Robot Operating System), which allows effective integration of movements and communication. Although the prototypes were not optimized for global competition, they underwent extensive testing, evaluating their speed and maneuverability, as well as soccer tactics in the GRSim simulator. These prototypes contribute to the further development of sports robotics and illustrate the research potential in this exciting area., Comment: Febitec 2023, in Spanish language

In this research, we present an interface based on Variational Autoencoders trained with a wide range of natural sounds for the innovative creation of Foley effects. The model can transfer new sound features to prerecorded audio or microphone-captured speech in real time. In addition, it allows interactive modification of latent variables, facilitating precise and customized artistic adjustments. Taking as a starting point our previous study on Variational Autoencoders presented at this same congress last year, we analyzed an existing implementation: RAVE [1]. This model has been specifically trained for audio effects production. Various audio effects have been successfully generated, ranging from electromagnetic, science fiction, and water sounds, among others published with this work. This innovative approach has been the basis for the artistic creation of the first Spanish short film with sound effects assisted by artificial intelligence. This milestone illustrates palpably the transformative potential of this technology in the film industry, opening the door to new possibilities for sound creation and the improvement of artistic quality in film productions., Comment: 9 pages, in Spanish, Tecniac\'ustica

Dependence on raw materials, especially in the mining sector, is a key part of today's economy. Aggregates are vital, being the second most used raw material after water. Digitally transforming this sector is key to optimizing operations. However, supervision and maintenance (predictive and corrective) are challenges little explored in this sector, due to the particularities of the sector, machinery and environmental conditions. All this, despite the successes achieved in other scenarios in monitoring with acoustic and contact sensors. We present an unsupervised learning scheme that trains a variational autoencoder model on a set of sound records. This is the first such dataset collected during processing plant operations, containing information from different points of the processing line. Our results demonstrate the model's ability to reconstruct and represent in latent space the recorded sounds, the differences in operating conditions and between different equipment. In the future, this should facilitate the classification of sounds, as well as the detection of anomalies and degradation patterns in the operation of the machinery., Comment: 10 pages, in Spanish language, 5 figures. Presented in Tecniacustica 2023 conference (Cuenca, Spain)

In this thesis, we investigate the method of conformal renormalization applied to theories with degrees of freedom beyond the metric ones. Specifically, we examine this method in the presence of a scalar field. To do this, as part of a review, we revisit the action principle of General Relativity and Einstein's equations, in addition to re-examining the conditions for this theory to have a well-defined variational principle when Dirichlet boundary conditions are imposed. We then explore various methods for calculating conserved charges in asymptotically flat spaces. In asymptotically anti-de Sitter spaces, we study two renormalization schemes that are relevant to this work. To motivate the method used here, we observe that Conformal Gravity is finite for spaces that are asymptotically anti-de Sitter, as demonstrated in [Grumiller, 2014]. This guiding principle gives us a clue as to how conformal symmetry may be related to renormalization in spacetimes with such asymptotics. The basis of this construction is the extension of a covariant tensor under Weyl rescalings composed of the metric and the scalar field as proposed in [Oliva and Ray, 2011]. This extension ensures that the conformal weight of this tensor is equal to that of the Weyl tensor. We extend this realization by considering tensor-scalar theories with conformal symmetry, coupled with the Einstein-AdS action written in the MacDowell-Mansouri form. Despite the fact that the Einstein-AdS sector breaks conformal symmetry, we show that the entire theory can still be renormalized if the scalar field has an appropriate decay when considering asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions. Finally, we study black hole-type solutions, calculating their Hawking temperature and the Euclidean on-shell action, explicitly demonstrating that the latter is finite for asymptotically anti-de Sitter spaces., Comment: Master's thesis based on arXiv:2212.04364. in Spanish language. Replacement

This survey paper, written in spanish, is an extended version of lecture notes for a mini-course taught at the 2022 Summer School in Geometric Group Theory, which took place in the Centro de Ciencias Matem\'aticas in Morelia, Mexico in July 2022. Its main aim is to give an introduction to the study of non-positively curved cube complexes, and through these, to introduce the reader to geometric group theory., Comment: 38 pages, in Spanish language, lots of figures, accepted for publication at Memorias de la Sociedad Matem\'atica Mexicana

This article presents a comprehensive review of control algorithms used in mobile robotics, a field in constant evolution. Mobile robotics has seen significant advances in recent years, driven by the demand for applications in various sectors, such as industrial automation, space exploration, and medical care. The review focuses on control algorithms that address specific challenges in navigation, localization, mapping, and path planning in changing and unknown environments. Classical approaches, such as PID control and methods based on classical control theory, as well as modern techniques, including deep learning and model-based planning, are discussed in detail. In addition, practical applications and remaining challenges in implementing these algorithms in real-world mobile robots are highlighted. Ultimately, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the diversity and complexity of control algorithms in mobile robotics, helping researchers and practitioners to better understand the options available to address specific problems in this exciting area of study., Comment: 8 pages, in Spanish

The semantics of trivalent truth tables for the paraconsistent logic system P1, is characterized by a visual inference tool called trivalent semantic forcing trees. Given a formula, with this tool the nodes of the corresponding tree are marked, and it is determined whether the formula is valid or not. In case the formula is invalid, the assignment of truth values that refutes it is determined by the marks of the leaves in its forcing tree., Comment: in Spanish language. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2309.16015

In this degree work, a theoretical computational study on high entropy alloys (HEAs) was carried out. Two specific alloys were chosen for study, AlCoCrFeNi and TiVZrNbHf. The study was based on the parameters deduced from the Hume-Rothery rules, thermodynamics and the configurational (or mixing) elastic energy. The enthalpy of formation was studied as a contribution due to the configurational elastic energy, with the objective of being able to know which are the chemical elements and their respective molar proportions, in such a way that the formation of HEAs and the storage of hydrogen are favoured. To achieve this, a FORTRAN90 program was developed, which allowed a wide variety of results that are generally in agreement with the theoretical-experimental literature. In general, it was found that the approximation that exists by considering that the HEAs are elastically isotropic is correct, where it was assumed that there is an equivalent average Bulk Modulus for each atomic species., Comment: in Spanish language, 69 pages, 35 figures, 4 supplementary figures, 2 tables

In emergency situations, the high-speed movement of an ambulance through the city streets can be hindered by vehicular traffic. This work presents a method for detecting emergency vehicle sirens in real time. To obtain the audio fingerprint of a Hi-Lo siren, DSP and signal symbolization techniques were applied, which were contrasted against an audio classifier based on a deep neural network, using the same 280 audios of ambient sounds and 52 Hi-Lo siren audios dataset. In both methods, some classification accuracy metrics were evaluated based on its confusion matrix, resulting in the DSP algorithm having a slightly lower accuracy than the DNN model, however, it offers a self-explanatory, adjustable, portable, high performance and lower energy and consumption that makes it a more viable lower cost ADAS implementation to identify Hi-Lo sirens in real time., Comment: in Spanish language

This manuscript summarizes the work carried out within the SENSEI (Sub-Electron-Noise Skipper-CCD Experimental Instrument) collaboration, an effort focused on the search for light dark matter using Skipper-CCDs. Firstly, it presents the data acquisition and processing protocol developed to establish a selection criteria for events compatible with the dark matter signal. This protocol also enabled the structure and tools used for the study and characterization of phenomena that impact the quality of measurements made in the search for dark matter (measurement of the Fano factor, determination of the Compton background, and characterization of the high-energy surface background), which were carried out during this work. Secondly, it discusses the comprehensive study conducted on the origin of single-electron events in Skipper-CCDs, which allowed for the selection of detector operating parameters and improved the detection sensitivity in the search for dark matter. It is highlighted the characterization of the spatial correlation between single-electron events and high-energy events, among other developed event selection criteria, and the optimization of the output device to reduce sources of luminescence during its operation. As a result of this study, the lowest levels of dark current and spurious charge ever measured in a CCD are reported. Finally, the latest published results from SENSEI are presented. The obtained limits for the scattering of a light mediator are the best reported to date across the entire investigated mass range, while for the heavy mediator, they are the best for masses below 10 MeV. In terms of dark matter absorption, the most restringent limits below 10 eV are reported. These results, achieved with only a very small fraction of the total projected exposure for SENSEI, position Skipper-CCDs as leaders in the search for light dark matter worldwide., Comment: This document is an English translation of a Ph.D. Thesis. The original version of this thesis was written in Spanish and is available for reference online in the digital archive of Ph.D. theses at the UBA, Argentina. This translation is unofficial and has been attempted by the author solely for the purpose of facilitating its diffusion and wider accessibility to the scientific community

Course notes about an introduction to Bayesian Statistics. First, an explanation of the bayesian paradigm is motivated and explained in detail (first three chapters). Then, a brief introduction to the basics about Decision Theory in chapter four, which is self contained, with the purpose of introducing parametrica bayesian inference as a decision problem in chapter five., Comment: 104 pages (in Spanish)

This paper studies the problem of Zero-Knowledge Protocol (ZKP) and elliptic curve cryptographic implementation in a computationally limited environment, such as, the smart cards, using Java Card. Besides that, it is explained how the zero-knowledge protocol was selected to implement it on a smart card and how the benchmarking was conducted to select this protocol. The paper also shows a theoretical development to implement the ZKP protocol using elliptic curve cryptography. Keywords: Authentication; Zero-knowledge; Cryptography; Elliptic Curve; Java card; Smart cards, Comment: 16 pages, in Spanish

The mathematical theory of knots studies the embeddings of circles into the space $\mathbb{R}^3$, being the classification one of the fundamental problems. The introduction of homology theories results in complex mathematical structures that generate new research opportunities. On occasion of the Encuentro Internacional de Matem\'aticas (EIMAT) (International Meeting of Mathematics) to be celebrated at the Universidad del Atl\'antico in Barranquilla, Colombia in November 2023, in this article, in an expository way, we offer a first look into Khovanov homology and the long exact sequence of Khovanov homology. Moreover, we present a summary of the historical origins of the theory which can take us as early as the year 2600 BCE, passing through Italy of the XV century, Scotland of the XIX century, and we give references for further and more detailed discussions. Additionally to showing the construction of Khovanov homology from the Kauffman bracket polynomial, the main objective in publishing this article is to attack the language barrier and popularize knot theory and Khovanov homology in Colombia and Latin-America in general., Comment: 22 pages, in Spanish, 13 figures, 4 tables

With the aim of finding ways that can lead to solving the problem of learning the exact sciences and involving the university student in a participatory and active way during the semester period with the help of new technologies, the following methodology was developed: a) applications (apps) for smartphones that allow calculations were sought; b) selected the apps, the characteristics for the software were identified; c) groups were selected in which the new method could be tested; d) a bank of problems was developed for the participants to solve, and e) a survey was applied to the students at the end of the courses. As a result of this search, it was found that there are software packages that can be used for physics subjects and that, in addition, meet the requirement of being free (at least in their basic version). After having applied the new method in three groups, in two different semester periods and in different courses, it is gratifying to see that the students were interested in really learning the exact sciences, and even in managing their self-study. The participants were able to develop a higher number of problems than is usually solved with the conventional method., Comment: 22 paginas, in Spanish language

The updating required by students in the marketing area is of utmost importance, since they cannot wait until they are professionals to be updated, especially in entrepreneurship and around digital marketing. The objective of this work was to develop a digital marketing specialty module that allows changing the academic-entrepreneurial-entrepreneurial paradigm of the graduate of the Centro Universitario de los Altos (CUAltos) in economic-administrative sciences at the undergraduate, graduate and specialty levels. The module aims to instruct the student in the latest in digital marketing. As part of this, two surveys were applied to the teachers of this center to know the viability and willingness to participate in this module. Among the results, it was discovered that marketing research specialists who work as teachers at CUAltos are willing to train other teachers and students of the University of Guadalajara's system, as well as to advise students in their ventures so that they can apply different components of this field., Comment: 24 paginas, in Spanish language

This article aims to describe and explain the theoretical foundations of concurrent and set concurrent algorithms, considering an asynchronous shared memory system where any number of processes can crash. Verification of concurrent algorithms is often described in terms of their progress condition, which guarantees that eventually something good will happen, also called the security of the algorithms, and correctness, which guarantees that nothing bad will happen, also called liveliness. of the algorithms. The meaning of correctness of a concurrent algorithm is explained in detail, focusing on linearizability, and a generalization is addressed, concurrency by sets; which is much more recent and less well known. The {\it SetStackLogic} algorithm is shown, which is a set-concurrent algorithm and is also an implementation of a stack with multiplicity. The properties of the algorithm {\it SetStackLogic} are demonstrated in a formal and detailed way, in order to present a rigorous scheme in the formalization of this type of algorithm; same that could be used for other algorithms. In addition, the operation of the algorithm is explained through scenario examples that illustrate its dynamics in some possible executions., Comment: 23 pages, in Spanish language, 7 figures

Volcanic eruptions emit ash that can be harmful to human health and cause damage to infrastructure, economic activities and the environment. The delimitation of ash clouds allows to know their behavior and dispersion, which helps in the prevention and mitigation of this phenomenon. Traditional methods take advantage of specialized software programs to process the bands or channels that compose the satellite images. However, their use is limited to experts and demands a lot of time and significant computational resources. In recent years, Artificial Intelligence has been a milestone in the computational treatment of complex problems in different areas. In particular, Deep Learning techniques allow automatic, fast and accurate processing of digital images. The present work proposes the use of the Pix2Pix model, a type of generative adversarial network that, once trained, learns the mapping of input images to output images. The architecture of such a network consisting of a generator and a discriminator provides the versatility needed to produce black and white ash cloud images from multispectral satellite images. The evaluation of the model, based on loss and accuracy plots, a confusion matrix, and visual inspection, indicates a satisfactory solution for accurate ash cloud delineation, applicable in any area of the world and becomes a useful tool in risk management., Comment: 18 pages, in Spanish language, 15 figures