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RESUMEN A lo largo de la segunda mitad siglo XX en la Argentina diferentes actores inscriptos en las instituciones de formación de profesores de Educación Física procuraron promover disimiles discursos y prácticas con el objeto de legitimar en distintas esferas sociales a la disciplina. En esos procesos se establecieron diálogos con diversos saberes científicos constituyéndose lo que los actores de la Educación Física denominaron como “tradiciones disciplinares”, asimismo promovieron desiguales inscripciones dentro del sistema de educación superior. En este artículo profundizaremos en los procesos de configuración de las saberes y prácticas que hicieron a la construcción de la identidad de los profesores de educación física en las décadas de 1970 y 1980. Para ello, analizaremos fuentes primarias y secundarias entre ellas se destacan los planes de estudio y los expedientes administrativos de distintas instituciones de formación. En cada uno de los casos atenderemos a las tramas de construcción de los mismos. El recorrido posibilitará evidenciará que en el período considerado las producciones identitarias de los profesores de educación física comenzarán a pensarse en una relación de necesidad y de tensión entre la investigación y la docencia.

En este trabajo se analiza la valoración que se realiza de la producción científica y tecnológica de postulantes a la Carrera de Investigador Científico (CIC) del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) de Argentina, en la categoría inicial, denominada Investigador Asistente. En particular se discuten los criterios de evaluación explicitados para el ingreso a dicha carrera, en sus diferentes modalidades y áreas del conocimiento, que fueron difundidos por CONICET en las convocatorias 2018 y 2019, los cuales fueron categorizados con fines comparativos para identificar el valor relativo asignado en cada área a la producción científica. Además, a fin de analizar cómo se aplican en las distintas subcomisiones estos criterios generales, se tuvieron en cuenta cuestiones observadas en dictámenes recibidos por postulantes. Para finalizar, se presentan una serie de propuestas que se considera contribuirían a descentrar el lugar del paper como factor central en la evaluación.

This article embraces the framing studies’ perspective to approach the media construction of the current techno-environmental controversy between Argentina and Uruguay, due to the location of an industrial plant to produce cellulose paper in the uruguayan community of Fray Bentos. The analysis is centered on the respective coverages developed by two argentinean print media –daily newspapers Clarín and Página 12– during three key stages in the evolution of the conflict. A sample composed of 1004 articles was examined using a protocol based in previously tested instruments, which was elaborated to quantify the incidence of five frames established a priori: a) environmental; b) scientific-technological; c) political-juridical; d) social; e) of economic causes & consequences. The evidence collected indicates that the analyzed media represented the controversy mostly in political-juridical terms and drastically overshadowed its environmental origins and the discrepancies of scientific and technical nature involved in its roots and development. The article discusses some results of the research experience, as well as the limitations and posibilites to extend the framing typology rehearsed here to other media coverages of similar situations, independently of its specific object.

Objective/Context: In the field of Holocaust studies, the Latin American experience has occupied a liminal space. Even when the global character assumed by its forms of remembrance is widely accepted, little attention has been paid to the national cases of this region. This paper deals with a specific national case through the construction record of the National Monument to the Victims of the Jewish Holocaust, located in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The present research reveals the legal and administrative process that accompanied its gestation, the recognition of the actors that intervened throughout the period, and, finally, the character and debates that the architecture of the pantheon provoked. This cycle, which lasted a little more than two decades, allows us to qualify the meaning of the global character of Holocaust memory by considering how this experience was redefined in a national context. Methodology: For this research, qualitative techniques are used in the analysis of the legislative and patrimonial records, journalistic sources, interviews with involved actors, and a documentary film called “Monument,” which aims to give an account of the history of its construction and the representational matrix of that memorial. Originality: Although there have been, in recent years, some works that addressed the memory of the Holocaust in Argentina, they focused on various cultural media: literature, film, and testimonial narratives. This paper addresses an object whose materiality is different—monumental—and which was conceived as a public policy of commemorative character. The analysis of the construction of this memorial pantheon allows recognition of how the transnational dimensions of Holocaust remembrance intersected with aspects of the Argentine political process of the last twenty years. Conclusions: The analysis of the construction process and the materiality assumed by its architecture demonstrate, first, how the global dimensions of Holocaust remembrance interact with local contexts and, second, the tensions raised between the actors and organizations that promote its memory and the victims of Nazi persecution in Argentina

En este estudio se propone una metodología utilizando OpenAlex (OA) para monitorear el acceso abierto (AA) a las publicaciones científicas para el caso de Argentina, país donde rige el mandato de autoarchivo -Ley 26.899 (2013)-. Se conformó una muestra con 167.240 artículos de investigadores del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) que se analizaron con técnicas estadísticas. Se estimó que OA puede representar entre 85-93% de los autores para todas las disciplinas, excepto Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, donde solo alcanza al 47%. Se calculó que 41% de los artículos publicados entre 1953-2021 incluidos en la fuente están en AA, porcentaje que sube a 46% al considerar exclusivamente el periodo post ley (2014-2021). En ambos periodos es la vía dorada la que representa mayor proporción. Al comparar periodos iguales post y pre ley, se observó que la tendencia en alza de la vía dorada era preexistente a la legislación y la disponibilidad de artículos cerrados en repositorios aumentó un 5% a lo que se estima en base a tendencias existentes. Se concluye que si bien la vía verde ha tenido una evolución positiva, ha sido la publicación en revistas doradas lo que ha impulsado más rápidamente el acceso a la producción argentina. Asimismo, que la metodología basada en OA, piloteada aquí por primera vez, es viable para monitorear el AA en Argentina ya que arroja porcentajes similares a otros estudios nacionales e internacionales = This study proposes a methodology using OpenAlex (OA) for tracking Open Access publications in the case of Argentina, a country where a self-archiving mandate has been in effect since 2013 (Law 26.899, 2013). A sample of 167,240 papers by researchers from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) was created and analyzed using statistical techniques. We estimate that OA is able to capture between 85-93% of authors for all disciplines, with the exception of Social Sciences and Humanities, where it only reaches an estimated 47%. The availability of papers in Open Access was calculated to be 41% for the period 1953-2021 and 46% when considering exclusively the post-law period (2014-2021). In both periods, gold Open Access made up the most common route. When comparing equal periods post and pre-law, we observed that the upward trend of gold Open Access was pre-existing to the legislation and the availability of closed articles in repositories increased by 5% to what is estimated based on existing trends. However, while the green route has had a positive evolution, it has been the publication in gold journals that has boosted access to Argentine production more rapidly. We concluded that the OA-based methodology, piloted here for the first time, is viable for tracking Open Access in Argentina since it yields percentages similar to other national and international studies.

Objective/context: This paper aims to explore the links that some recent Argentine presidencies (Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, Mauricio Macri and Alberto Fernández) maintained with the Russian Federation. Methodology: It will initially dwell into the longstanding tradition of pacifism which characterizes Argentine foreign policy, and then proceed to register the strategy of its most recent federal administrations regarding their international outlooks and its ties with Russia. Its strategy regarding the war in Ukraine will be inscribed within that broader diplomatic framework and tradition. It will then introduce the concept ‘geopolitical vaccinationalism’ into this scenario, making connections between purely public health issues, originated after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, and foreign policy postures and decisions that are not necessarily related to them. In this section, the strategies of some recent Argentine administrations regarding the purchase of COVID-19 vaccines to be administered to its population will also be covered. Finally, in the last section of the paper, the issue of the increased rate of pregnant Russian women coming to Argentina to give birth will also be tackled. Conclusions/originality: This situation, prompted by the Russian-Ukraine Conflict, increased the strains between Presidents Alberto Fernández and Vladimir Putin, while also presenting risks in regard to the international standing of Argentina and the seriousness with which its passport is being regarded by foreign governments.

This paper analyses how Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) contribute to the co-creation of a local territory brand identity. The aim of DMOs, which are organizational models for the management of tourist destinations apt to strengthen the services and resources of the various territorial identities, is to facilitate the collaboration and involvement of all actors in the area in order to increase the overall quality of tourism (Del Chiappa, Presenza, 2013; Coscarello, 2020). In particular, this paper presents the findings of an on-going comparative study on how DMOs in Italy and Argentina are managing their promotion and branding creating process for marketing campaigns. Specifically, the purpose of this article is to: (i) investigate how DMOs choose the content to create the destination identity, (ii) identify the roles of the various stakeholders in the process of place branding, and (iii) analyse the content and communication strategies used to promote the territory. This article contributes to the fast-growing place brand identity literature by exploring the role of DMOs in the co-creation of place-branding. It also intends to provide a better understanding of how effective the message is in contributing to their territorial brand identity. To the best of our knowledge, similar studies do not exist, therefore, it fills an important research gap. The research shows that the challenge for destinations seems to be the creation of a system network that, involving the public and private sectors, can take care of destination development. This may be the only way to implement a collaborative relationship and partnership with local, regional and national institutions for destination enhancement.

A diferencia de otros países, la denominada como Feria Internacional del Libro de España (LIBER) actualmente no es tan popular e incluso podríamos decir que se encuentra en pleno proceso de redefinir qué rol debe jugar en el campo editorial español e internacional. A pesar de ello, LIBER encuentra todavía buena acogida entre los distribuidores españoles e iberoamericanos. De todo ello dará cuenta este artículo, apoyándose tanto en documentación y entrevistas como en fuentes diversas recabadas a lo largo de un trabajo de campo realizado en LIBER Madrid durante los meses finales de 2017. Una edición de la feria que contó además con Argentina como país invitado de honor, cuya presencia será también analizada aquí pormenorizadamente = Nowadays, the Spanish International Book Fair (LIBER) is not very popular, and it is redefining its own role within the Spanish publishing field. However, LIBER is still a suitable event for Spanish and Latin America distributors. This work deals with these issues informed by a field work carried out in the fair during the last months of 2017. LIBER´2017 had also Argentina as Guest of Honour, which performance is analysed in detail in this paper.

Objective/context: In 2009, the law of mandatory, simultaneous, and open primaries (PASO, for its acronym in Spanish) was enacted in Argentina. Among others, this regulation seeks to democratize party structures. From a gender perspective, this paper studies the effect of PASO on women’s access to the Chamber of Deputies (2003-2023). To this end, it analyzes how the final lists are assembled, the places assigned to women candidates, the ease with which they gain access to expectable positions, and the permeability of groupings towards their participation since the implementation of PASO. Methodology: This is an exploratory and descriptive study of the effect of PASO on the allocation of seats for the category of female deputies in Argentina, considering all female legislators elected in successive elections (2011-2023). Conclusion: The findings show that PASO’s objective of democratizing party structures and making their components more representative does not seem to have impacted the country’s existing political and party traditions prior to implementing the law regarding the place given to women in a party. Originality: The article presents a study on the democratization effect of PASO on party structures from a gender perspective.

[es] Hasta mediados del siglo X X, la radiofonía tuvo un rol funda-mental en la construcción de hegemonía, además de fuente de información y referencia cultural casi excluyente de los sectores populares. Fue una par te fundamental de la política mediática desarrollada por el primer peronismo. Sin embargo, el gobierno militar, donde Perón construyo su figura y capital político, permanece todavía poco analizado en trabajos académicos, principalmente en torno a las medidas hacia los medios de comunicación. Este trabajo busca problematizar las relaciones establecidas entre militares en el poder, propietarios de emisoras de radio, el sistema de estrellas y los gremios con actuación en la radiofonía, desde junio de 1943 hasta el final de la huelga de los trabajadores radiales en 1946. Para ello se trabaja la dinámica de los cambios en las posiciones de las organizaciones de trabajadores y del gobierno militar durante el período recortado, así como la de otros agentes del campo del espectáculo del período. Se propone que el resultado de dicha huelga logró cerrar un período de enfrentamientos, permitiendo al gobierno peronista posicionarse como dominante en el interior del campo, iniciando un proceso de heteronomización del mismo. [en] Until mid X Xth Centur y, radio played a fundamental role in shaping hegemony, and was almost the only source of information and cultural reference point for the popular sector. It was a fundamental part of the media policy during the first peronism. However, the militar y government where Perón constructed its public persona and political capital remains relatively unexplored in academic studies, especially through the political actions on media.This paper aims to outline the relationship bet ween militar y powers, radio owners, the star system, and radio workers unions from 1943 until the end of the radio worker’s strike in 1946. In doing so, I explore the shifting dynamics between radio worker’s unions and the military government during this period, as well as others involved in the spectacle field at the time. This paper postulates that strike ended this confrontation period, and allowed the peronist government to effectively achieved a dominant position in the field, which led to an heteronomy process in it.

The paper dwells on the Argentine contacts of the American writer Waldo Frank (1889–1967): two lecture tours to Argentina in 1929 and 1942 and subsequent literary projects. The author discusses the peculiarities of Waldo Frank’s literary image formation in Argentina before his visit: since 1925, Samuel Glusberg, one of the trip organizers, introduced Frank's works to Argentinean readers on the pages of his magazines Babel and La vida literaria. Together with J.C. Mariátegui, Glusberg made arrangements for publishing Frank's books in Latin America. After his first trip in 1929, Frank gained a great popularity in Argentina, became the ideological inspirer of the large-scale journal Sur edited by Victoria Ocampo, was published in the Latin American press and issued the travelogue America Hispana: a Portrait and a Prospect (1931). The second trip of 1942 was significantly different from the first one: Frank led anti-war propaganda and was declared persona non grata for criticizing Argentina policy. After leaving Argentina, Frank did not lose faith in the New World utopia and continued the Latin American theme in his work. The paper compares the writer’s two visits to Argentina, reconstructs the content of his speeches according to his two lecture collections Primer mensaje a América Hispana (1930) and Ustedes y nosotros: nuevo mensaje para Iberoamérica (1942), as well as travelogues America Hispana and South American Journey (1943) and Memoirs of Waldo Frank (1973); traces the evolution of his utopian ideas about the unity of the Americas. The correspondence between Frank and Glusberg sheds light on many joint projects of the writers. The paper uses materials from the Latin American press of the 1920–1940s, for the first time systematizes publications on W. Frank’s work in Babel and La vida literaria. The study is complemented by a brief analisis of North American book reviews of Frank’s books on Latin America and the Argentinean chronicles of August 1942 from The New York Times. A list of the Argentine editions of Frank’s books is published in the addendum.

The Universal Child Allowance (AUH) is an Argentine cash transfer programme that conditions payment to parents on the fulfilment of health and education conditions for their children. While the impact of the AUH on education is well known, its effects on health have been less explored. This paper assesses the direct effect of the programme on children attending routine medical exams and receiving scheduled vaccinations, the health conditions of the programme, along with indirect health-related outcomes to explore the wider potential effects on child health. Using microdata from the Argentine Social Debt Survey (EDSA), a quasi-experimental design is implemented to determine the average treatment effect on AUH recipients. The AUH is found to have no effect on the behaviours on which it is conditioned or on dental visits, but it does increase food security. The paper discusses the implications of these findings for the design and implementation of programme conditionalities.

Abstract This paper examines the behaviour of credit rating agencies (CRAs) during the ebbing ‘pink tide’. It claims that the actions of S&P Global, Moody’s and Fitch contributed to dismantling left-wing regimes in Latin America, to the benefit of their right-wing competitors. The methodology draws on case studies of Brazil and Argentina, where the governments of Dilma Rousseff and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner were replaced by those of Michel Temer and Mauricio Macri, respectively. The research is based on sovereign ratings, reports and press releases the agencies issued during those transitions, which are analysed in the light of critical theories of their modus operandi and confronted with the political processes unfolding in both countries. This allows us to draw conclusions that are consistent with the presented argument, thereby contributing to advance the research agenda around the CRAs and to shed light on Brazil and Argentina’s recent critical presidential transitions.

Analizar las políticas públicas exige conocer cómo operan sus dinámicas propias. Ante la crisis excepcional provocada por COVID-19, el presente trabajo exploratorio busca identificar y reflexionar sobre las mejores opciones teóricas para comprender y explicar el cambio desencadenado en las políticas públicas. Ello es particularmente relevante dado el prolífico paisaje teórico reciente en la policy change literature. Con ello, y tomando como caso el proceso argentino en la gestión de la pandemia, se revisa la usabilidad del marco teórico y conceptual del equilibrio puntuado o interrumpido (PET) desarrollado por Jones, y Baumgartner (1993) y de otros marcos sintéticos asociados. Se asume el COVID-19 como una excepcionalidad, un punto de interrupción en las políticas públicas de salud, que han forzado cambios repentinos y de calado en varias áreas de política. Como en muchos países del mundo, las políticas de salud en Argentina históricamente se han caracterizado por sufrir mayormente cambios de naturaleza incremental, reflejando en todo caso saltos entre el paradigma universalista de la salud pública y el paradigma neoliberal de privatización, ajuste fiscal y reformas estructurales. Se concluye preliminarmente que la gestión de la crisis COVID-19 en Argentina no siguió una lógica de racionalidad limitada tradicional, de orden reactivo, sino más bien lógicas asociadas a complejos procesos proactivos, vinculados a sortear la incertidumbre con medidas experienciales en clave histórica, usando para ello procesos de toma de decisiones basados en evidencia y bajo un modelo de coordinación y gobernanza centralizada bajo un contexto federal. Ello en arreglo al cambio en la imagen de la política de salud que incorporó la variable social como indivisible de esta nueva imagen de la política, y que se materializó en los instrumentos diseñados e implementados por el gobierno nacional. La evolución posterior de la crisis COVID-19 y los interrogantes acerca de la nueva normalidad se abordan sobre esa misma cuestión de fondo.

La ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina, ha sido pionera en la región, desde ya varias décadas, en el desarrollo de gobierno electrónico y en el uso de las redes sociales para la difusión y comunicación de información dirigida a los ciudadanos. Frente al contexto global de pandemia a causa del COVID-19 y utilizando las herramientas digitales disponibles, el Municipio de esta localidad potenció el uso de gobierno electrónico para comunicar diariamente las novedades y acciones llevadas a cabo en tal situación. En este trabajo, en particular, se analiza la actividad del gobierno local en su página de la red social Facebook a fin de detectar los factores que influyen en una mayor interacción en los posteos en esta plataforma digital. Como resultados relevantes se destaca una relación positiva entre la popularidad de una publicación y menciones asociadas al COVID-19, a la cuarentena y a iniciativas solidarias por parte de los ciudadanos.

The social phenomena of poverty and social exclusion are widely studied by various disciplines. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted both social problems, due to the strong impact that the health situation has had on economies and their populations. Studies before and after the pandemic have shown some confusion in the treatment of the terms of poverty and social exclusion. However, these are not synonymous but refer to different social problems, with different characteristics and consequences for the society that suffers from them. This paper presents a theoretical discussion on poverty and social exclusion and, in turn, due to their shared origin, tries to measure the multidimensional deprivations in Argentina before and after the measure of Preventive and Compulsory Social Isolation established in the framework of the health crisis. To fulfill the objective, an exhaustive conceptual-theoretical review is outlined and the aggregate multidimensional deprivation indicator proposed by Ibáñez Martín (2018) is estimated for the years 2019 and 2021. The preliminary results allow us to argue that the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated deprivation situations in Argentina in multiple spheres. In turn, this crisis has deepened the differences between social groups with relations of domination.

This paper explores the historical long-term determinants of economic growth in Argentina along the XX century. The evidence indicates that at the beginning economic openness plays a key role to explain the successful performance achieved until the great crisis of 1930. From there on, and until the middle of the ´70s, Argentina maintained a similar growth of the previous period, which was driven by the domestic demand via investment. Nonetheless, in the last quarter of the past century economic growth slowed drastically, which was mainly associated with economic instability, approximated by inflation and the per capita growth rate output volatility. The intuition is that once the country lost foreign markets for its exports, could temporarily sustain growth thanks to domestic demand, but once this strategy petered out the economy was signed by a long period of turbulence and stagnation, specifically since 1975 onwards. Thus, economic policy recommendations are to develop new led export-oriented sectors, so that alleviate the external restriction, as to avoid procyclical policies in order to reduce the economic instability.

El presente trabajo se inscribe en una temática de dilatada tradición en el campo de las ciencias sociales en Argentina. Por motivaciones tanto científicas como políticas, la evolución del sector hidrocarburífero ha sido un tópico recurrente en las discusiones acerca de las distintas «etapas de desarrollo» que se sucedieron en el país a lo largo del siglo xx. En este sentido, el período abierto por la implementación de reformas neoliberales resulta relevante y ha concitado particular interés entre los investigadores. En el marco dado por un proceso general de reestructuración capitalista y metamorfosis de la forma de Estado, la industria petrolera sufrió profundos y perdurables cambios cualitativos. En este artículo analizamos las políticas de reorganización neoliberal del sector, en su articulación con las principales características de la «estrategia de acumulación» durante la etapa dominada por la convertibilidad (1989-2001). El cumplimiento de este objetivo pretende demostrar que la «comoditización» del petróleo y el gas —operada a través de la amplia desregulación y apertura del mercado a la competencia internacional— fue el reverso de la garantía del abastecimiento de combustibles para un modelo de crecimiento económico basado en el desarrollo de los sectores productivos. Para ello, recuperamos críticamente la bibliografía existente sobre el período, evaluamos cualitativamente las principales políticas implementadas y recurrimos al análisis cuantitativo de distintas variables económico-productivas. Entre sus resultados, el artículo sintetiza el carácter complejo de dicha articulación, así como los desafíos que quedarían planteados a la política hidrocarburífera del Estado una vez finalizada la etapa.

Over the last decade, studies on masculinities have become a growing field of scholarship in Argentina. This paper provides a preliminary state of the art and critical account of the latest research on the topic. We emphasize the relation of these studies with others on sexual diversity, identifying important ongoing debates and alerting about vacant areas of inquiry. Focusing on an assessment of both fields’ most important contributions, the paper deals with two major sets of disciplines: history, sociology and anthropology on one hand, and literary, cinematographic and cultural studies on the other.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the development of a catholic Hispanoamericanism prior to the First World War through the case of the offering-up of Hispano-American flags to the Virgin of el Pilar. Latin-American Catholics started reappraising the Spanish spiritual heritage as a way to get over the revolutionary spirit of the Independence movements and to forge a national catholic discourse. Finally, the paper reflects on how the building of horizontal networks within catholic hierarchies all over the world contributed to the Romanisation of the Catholic Church.

Systematic knowledge of Early and Middle Jurassic marine gastropods from Argentina has been supplied during the last decade through several contributions. The present paper describes a new marine gastropod fauna for the Jurassic of the Neuquén Basin, represented by four major taxa such as Patellogastropoda, Vetigastropoda, Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia, including 14 new species of the genera Scurriopsis (Hennocquia), Eucyclus, Pleurotomaria, Laevitomaria, Obornella, Crossostoma, Palaeorissoina, Euconactaeon, Striactaeonina and Sulcoactaeon; members of Ambercyclus and Rhabdocolpus are also described from the studied area. Most of these taxa are first reported in the Jurassic of Argentina, extending their palaeobiogeographical distribution in South America at that time. Particularly, the genera Obornella, Palaeorissoina, and Euconactaeon also extend their chronostratigraphic distribution in the Jurassic marine deposits of the Neuquén Basin, from the late Hettangian (Palaeorissoina) and late Pliensbachian (Obornella) to the Aalenian–Bajocian (Euconactaeon). The new fossils described here expand the known diversity of the marine gastropod faunas in the Jurassic of Argentina and contribute to the paleontological knowledge of the group in the Mesozoic of the Southern Hemisphere.

La afinadora de árboles (2019), largometraje escrito y dirigido por la cineasta argentina Natalia Smirnoff, narra la historia de Clara Mains (Paola Barrientos), una autora de literatura infantil que, luego de recibir un prestigioso premio internacional, intenta superar su bloqueo creativo reconectando con personas del pasado que la inspiran a esbozar un nuevo futuro. El presente trabajo explora la película de Smirnoff desde una perspectiva intermedial, abordando la articulación de la práctica creadora y trayectoria vital de la protagonista mediante un análisis del diálogo entre lenguajes, códigos y medios artísticos, y su vínculo con cruces y tensiones entre juventud y madurez, espacios privados y públicos, y producción individual y colectiva en el devenir de la cinta. La afinadora de árboles [The Tree Tuner] (2019), written and directed by the Argentine filmmaker Natalia Smirnoff, depicts the story of Clara Mains (Paola Barrientos), a children’s literature author who, after receiving a prestigious international award, tries to overcome a creative block reconnecting with people from her past who inspire her to imagine a new future. This paper explores Smirnoff’s film from an intermedial perspective, addressing the articulation of the protagonist’s creative practice and life trajectory through an analysis of the dialogue between artistic languages, codes and media, and their links to the intersecting themes of–and tensions between–youth and maturity, private and public spaces, and individual and collective production.

Demographic projections contain uncertainty and probabilistic models aim to quantify it. This paper develops probabilistic projections of Life Expectancy at birth for Argentina for the period 2025-2100 based on the Bayesian Hierarchical Model. Raftery et. to the. (2013) develop a model that allows estimating the rate of increase in life expectancy of a country using previous data from that country, and taking into account past patterns observed in all other countries. Then Raftery (2014) uses the female gap model to develop life expectancy in males. For this purpose, three adjustment periods are evaluated and the results are analyzed based on the selection of the most appropriate one; life expectancy for men and women, its trend and the gap between the two. Finally, the estimated results are compared with the official data from the national statistical agency. The BHM presents plausible results together with a measure of associated un-certainty that allows deciding until when the forecasts would be reliable or reportable, however, the base period includes projections as input data, generating a paradox of using projections to project. The difference that occurs in the projections for men shows the importance in the model of including or not the last point of the data series. Although the probabilistic models represent great advances, details remain to be discussed, such as the base period and its relationship with official sources (whether estimates or projections.

This paper recovers an exceptional homage paid by Argentinian cinema in 1945 to three medical pioneers of that country: Élida Passo, Cecilia Grierson and Elvira Rawson Guiñazú. The paper also makes a brief reference to their careers; it records the technical details of the film addressed for which a synopsis is laid out in order to finally establish similarities and differences between the reality experienced by the above women and that reflected in the film.

In this paper, the current state of knowledge of the taphonomic characteristics of micromammal (rodents and marsupials) remains generated by the action of the different predators (avian raptors and carnivore mammals) of South America (particularly of Argentina), known through actualistic studies, is reviewed. The analyzed taphonomic attributes enabled the adjustment, by means of extensive comparisons among different groups of predators and prey, of the modification categories indicated in the original papers. The data herein revised and assessed suggest that the evaluated South American predators may be grouped into four categories of modification: a) Light (Tyto alba, Bubo virginianus, Strix chacoensis and Asio flammeus); b) Moderate (Athene cunicularia, Geranoaetus melanoleucus, Geranoaetus polyosoma and Pseudoscops clamator); c) Heavy (Circus buffoni, Caracara plancus, Elanus leucurus, Didelphis albiventris, Leopardus geoffroyi and Lontra longicaudis); d) Extreme (Milvago chimango, Puma concolor, Puma yagouaroundi, Conepatus chinga and Lycalopex griseus). Finally, the research herein discussed evaluates how these studies were applied in the fossil record of both palaeontological and archaeological sites of South America.

The article focuses on the conditions of self-employed professionals in the European and Latin American labour markets, whose increase is linked to the expansion of on-demand service economy. Moving from a critic to the traditional segmentation theory, this group of high-skilled self-employed, expression of the upper-middle class and post-industrial work can be considered halfway between market and hierarchy, HR internalization and outsourcing. Dealing with social inequalities, the research questions are whether the conditions of the independent professionals (namely “self-employers without employees” and “cuenta propia profesionales”, characterized on average by higher levels of education and who works in the advanced service sectors) are comparable with employees and whether in the two contexts (specifically Italy and Argentina) there are similar trends. The article investigates work income (as a dependent variable) to measure how it changes controlling for the occupation (self-employed or employee) and the socio-demographic characteristics (as independent variables). The comparison of income levels was realized by using two datasets: EPH-INDEC (Encuesta Permanente des Hogares) for Argentina and ITA-SILC for Italy. Despite the limits -due to problems of comparison in the classification of occupations- the analysis highlights differences between the two countries, linked to a dissimilar expansion of the service economy, professional services and outsourcing of high-skilled competences. Moreover, within a frame of a high income inequalities in self-employment, graduated independent professionals in Argentina seem to retain a stronger economic performance, while in Italy they show lower earnings than other occupations, suggesting an unequal labour market impact of higher education in the two countries.

The paper centers on issues around the educational attention of the population through time in Argentina alongside the interpretation of the role of the State and the orientation of the public policies. The paper recognizes education as a social right of the population, including access to all educational levels from initial to university. First, the analysis supports the idea of a chronicity and worsening of educational inequality since the changes in the so-called welfare or social State that sustained the free and equal distribution of education as a discourse of citizen integration until the advent of a neoliberal policy and efficient modernization in the 1990s that continues as a policy-administrative matrix. The second part addresses the research findings concerning problems of benefited and excluded population from education in recent decades. The results refer to provincial differences, to estimations of the educational social debt with the infantile, adolescent and adult populations, and with limitations in implementing programs of inclusion throughout local territories, a spatial area that expresses what is possible for school and real actors.

This paper presents a sociological and legal analysis of a mode of action – municipal regulations promulgation – within a legal repertoire of action employed by opponents to Vaca Muerta’s unconventional hydrocarbon formation exploitation using the technology known as hydraulic fracturing (fracking). The inductive approach favoured here (textual analysis and comparison of the ordinances, information collection through semi-structured interviews) seeks to demonstrate that the choice of such a mode of action responds, on the one hand, to structural constraints of a political-legal nature and, on the other, reflects an attempt to foster a biocentric turn that is rooted in reflexive activist practices.

[es] En el presente trabajo se analizan los discursos polémicos que circularon durante el debate parlamentario de la Ley de Identidad de Género (Ley 26.743). El corpus de estudio está constituido por las transcripciones taquigráficas que las discusiones parlamentarias desarrolladas en la Cámara de Diputados del Congreso Nacional argentino del día 30 de Noviembre del año 2011. Se abordan una selección de alocuciones que versaron sobre aquellos aspectos de la Ley que afectan a los menores de edad (artículos N° 5 y N° 11). Para el análisis utilizamos las herramientas teóricas ofrecidas por la corriente francesa de análisis del discurso sobre el “discurso polémico” o “argumentación dialogada”. El artículo se propone al estudio de los debates públicos contemporáneos en torno a la identidad de género, la autonomía de decisión sobre el propio cuerpo y el acceso a las tecnologías médicas de transformación corporal. El análisis realizado permitió dar cuenta que el debate en torno del derecho a la identidad de género en menores de edad estuvo atravesado por una disputa simbólica sobre el modo de entender las intervenciones quirúrgicas que la Ley legaliza. [en] The aim of this paper is to analyze the polemical discourses developed during the parliamentary debate that ended with the enactment of the Gender Identity Law (Law 26,743). The study consists of an analysis of verbatim transcripts of parliamentary discussions held in the Chamber of Deputies of the Argentine National Congress on November 2011. A selection of speeches focused on those articles of the Law involving minors is analyzed. Particularly, discussions referred to articles No. 5 and No. 11. We employ theoretical and methodological tools offered by the French discourse theory centered on the problem of “controversial speech” or “dialogic argumentation”. This paper aims to collaborate to the study of contemporary public debates concerning the issues of gender identity, autonomous decision over one’s bodies and access to medical technologies of bodily transformation. The analysis points out that the debate about gender identity right for minors was affected by a symbolic dispute over how to understand the surgical practices legalized by this law.

[es] La revolución de las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación) acaecida en el último cuarto de siglo ha transformado diversas prácticas sociales, entre ellas, las comunicacionales. El acto del migrar transnacional también ha sido transfigurado por la apropiación y el uso de las TIC, en especial, la Internet. Ésta, junto a los programas de radio, las revistas y algunos programas televisivos, funcionan dentro de estos colectivos1 como medios de información, de participación comunitaria, de emisión de un discurso alternativo, así como espacios de construcción de identidades. Este trabajo se propone, a partir del estudio de casos, analizar las identidades construidas por los colectivos migratorios andinos en la Web, específicamente en la plataforma Facebook, pues su forma estandarizada favorece la accesibilidad para personas que no estaban acostumbradas a utilizar Internet. Nuestro principal interrogante apunta a desentrañar el lugar de las categorías tradicionales de identificación como nación, etnia o cultura en la conformación de estas identidades migrantes virtuales en contextos transnacionales. [en] The ICT (Information Technologies and Communication) revolution that took place in the last quarter century has produced changes in various social practices, including communications. International migrants also have been transformed by the appropriation and use of ICT, particularly the Web. Along with radio programs, magazines and some television programs, the World Wide Web operates within social groups as alternative media to the mainstream media, and they also provide community participation and identity construction spaces. From the case study, this paper analyzes the identity construction on the Web by Andean migrant groups in Argentina towards the Facebook social networking service. This paper questions about the place of the traditional categories of identification as a nation, ethnicity, culture in shaping these virtual migrant identities in transnational contexts.

This article analyzes Argentine news coverage of Nazi crimes during the period of liberation of prisoners from concentration camps, when Allied troops discovered the “atrocities” that had been committed in them. For this purpose, a corpus was put together of news articles taken from the four main Argentinean newspapers of the period: the morning papers La Prensa and La Nación, and the evening papers La Razón and Crítica. The analysis of these materials shows that the Argentine press consolidated an interpretive paradigm of Nazism as absolute “barbarity.” This type of coverage created confusion regarding the place specifically reserved for Jews in the Nazi system of destruction, despite the fact that the same press had been reporting on the systematic extermination of the Jewish populations in Europe ever since 1942.

This paper illustrates the insights that can be gained from using a multidimensional poverty measurement method based on the capability approach to analyse the scale, characteristics, and spatial distribution of poverty in segregated cities. We assess the poverty gaps between formal and informal neighbourhoods and across districts, compare the results with income-based poverty estimates, and analyse the dimensional composition of poverty and disparities across population subgroups. The results show a weaker correlation between multidimensional and income-based measures and less overlap in terms of who is identified as poor in informal settlements than in the rest of the city. After adjusting for underrepresentation of the slum population in the household survey, informal settlements account for 10% of the city's population but nearly half of the multidimensionally poor. The results highlight the need to design poverty reduction policies that target informal neighbourhoods.

En otros estudios, hemos analizado cómo la “periferialidad” científica ha devenido en un fenómeno cada vez complejo, que no se restringe a una dinámica espacial-nacional y mal puede explicarse con el concepto de “imperialismo académico”. El Sistema Académico Mundial se fue estructurando en circuitos, a través de un triple principio de jerarquización, construido históricamente en la intersección de la institución de origen, la lengua y la disciplina. Así, se fue jerarquizando el circuito autodenominado “mainstream”, sobre la base de la diferenciación entre científicos internacionalizados e investigadores restringidos a circuitos nacionales o “marginales”. En este trabajo, nos enfocamos en el universo de revistas de ciencias sociales y humanas en la Argentina con el fin de profundizar el estudio de la dinámica disciplinar de ese principio de jerarquización. En la primera parte, proponemos una clasificación de circuitos de circulación de acuerdo con su poder de consagración académica, para ir más allá de una mera medición de “visibilidad”. Luego, desarrollamos un análisis de la base de datos que hemos construido con todas las revistas argentinas para determinar en qué circuitos circula ese conocimiento. Observamos, en particular, un circuito local muy fuerte, con poca o nula repercusión internacional, constituido por revistas editadas en papel, sin indexación y con una distribución restringida = In other studies we have analysed to which extent scientific “peripherality” has become an increasingly complex phenomenon that is not restricted to national dynamics and cannot be explained with the concept of “academic imperialism”. The World Academic System was structured in the last four decades through a triple principle of hierarchy that created segmented circuits, historically constructed at the intersection of the institution of origin, language and discipline. The so-called “mainstream” circuit was based on the distinction between internationalized scientists and researchers restricted to domestic or “marginal” circuits. In this paper, we focus on the world of social science journals in Argentina in order to deepen our insight on the disciplinar specificity of that principle of hierarchy. In the first part, we describe the circuits according with their power of “international” recognition, in order to go beyond a mere measurement of “visibility”. Then, we develop an analysis of the database that we have built with the universe of Argentine journals to determine how this knowledge circulates. We observe, particularly, a strong domestic circuit, with little or none international impact, consisting of non- indexed journals published only in paper, resulting in a very restricted distribution.

In this paper we describe the results of bioarchaeological research conducted between 2006 and 2012 in 8 archaeological sites located on the southern coast of the Laguna Mar Chiquita, northeast Córdoba, Argentina. Intervention in such sites occurred in the context of archaeological rescue activities requested by public museums and residents of the region. We identified human remains of eleven adult individuals. In this paper we present the description of the archaeological sites, bioarchaeological analysis of the human remains, paleopathology and mortuary practices. We obtained six radiocarbon dates on skeletal material, which allows to locate the remains between 4058 ± 89 and 487 ± 45 C14 years BP.

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el problema del hipnotismo en la ciencia y la cultura de Buenos Aires durante el último cuarto del siglo xix. Desde el momento en que la medicina argentina comenzó a interesarse teórica y prácticamente por la hipnosis, se vio enfrentada a una multiplicidad de actores (espiritistas, ilusionistas, curanderos) que también hacían uso, con fines divergentes, de ese instrumento. En este texto se coloca el énfasis en la descripción de las tensiones y disputas sostenidas entre los médicos y sus competidores. Además de rastrear los profesionales que aportaron al estudio de la nueva terapia, se señalan las estrategias llevadas a cabo por los representantes de la ciencia oficial para acabar con otro tipo de utilizaciones del sonambulismo artificial. Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the topic of hypnotism in the science and the culture of Buenos Aires during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. When Argentine medicine became conceptually and practically interested in hypnosis it encoun­tered a multiplicity of actors (spirititsts, illusionists, quacks) that also used it with different aims. This text intends to describe the tensions and disputes sustained between physi­cians and their competitors. In addition to pointing out which were the professionals that contributed to the study of the new therapy, this paper identifies the strategies carried out by representatives of the official science in order to finish with other uses of artificial somnambulism

This paper examines the concerns which have led to the new wave of studies on populism in Argentina, focusing more on the debate surrounding the establishment of a new institutional framework typical of the 1980s than on the proliferation of 21st-century popular governments in South America. The typical characteristics and problems encountered in these studies are explained, and the defining features of the populist experience in 20th-century Argentina are analyzed by drawing comparisons with other populist processes in the region. Finally, the paper analyzes how certain features persist in the new political order, while others have gone through complete transformations since it was established in 1983.

The aim of this paper is to present the state of affairs concerning the population migrations between Argentina and Spain in the last quarter of the 20th century. We intend to shed light on a certain aspect of Latin American immigration that has not been very visible in the Spanish context. Despite the fact that the Argentineans are the third most numerous national group in the Spanish territory, neither public opinion nor researchers have so far paid much attention to them. We indicate the social evolution of the country of origin during the last decades with the purpose of identifying the principal «emigration movements». We identify various migratory waves that occurred during the end of the seventies, in the eighties, and at the beginning of the 21st century. The population composition according to gender and age groups and the patterns of geographical settlements show certain peculiarities of Argentinean immigration compared to the rest of non-communitarian immigrants. Their level of competence and academic achievement seems, at first hand, also to point to a peculiar situation. However, a rather high index of irregularity (of so-called immigrants «with no papers») and the modalities of occupational insertion of the newcomers indicate that we are dealing with economic migrants. This involves difficulties and problems comparable to those of immigrants coming from other countries. The difficulties in perceiving Argentinean nationals as «another group amongst other immigrants» lies in the perceptions of the autochthonous public opinion and in the lack of interest or attention granted by the responsible institutions of both countries in question

This paper proposes a reading of Las aventuras de la China Iron (2017) in relation to the literary canon and the ethnic imaginary in Argentina, to the language of a State that constituted itself as monolingual, and to heteropatriarchal hegemony. For this purpose, I use contributions from cultural (Jameson), gender (Haraway) and anthropological studies (Cadogan, Melià, Clastres), which ratify how the novel challenges pre-established orders, whether it is species, class or gender; or even ethnic, cultural and linguistic that nourish the national imaginary.

Se presentan los resultados del análisis tipológico y geoquímico sobre los materiales arqueológicos recuperados en el sitio Chapelco Chico 1, el más oriental ubicado en la cuenca binacional valdiviana. Se destaca el novedoso registro de obsidiana del grupo químico FHH, asociado a una tecnología lítica expeditiva y alfarería monocroma pintada e incisa, que permite asociarla a otros contextos boscosos y lacustres de ambas vertientes cordilleranas andinas: la Norpatagonia argentina y la Araucanía chilena. ENGLISH: This paper presents the results of the typological and geochemical analysis of the archaeological materials recovered from the Chapelco Chico 1 site, the easternmost site located in the binational Valdivian basin. A novel obsidian record of the FHH chemical group is highlighted, associated with an expeditive lithic technology and monochrome painted and incised pottery, which allows its association with other wooded and lacustrine contexts of both Andean mountain slopes: the Argentine Norpatagonia and the Chilean Araucania.

This paper analyzes the distribution of specialized subjects devoted to health care in the Argentine territory according to the First National Census (1869). We present statistical estimations and visual resources that contribute to illustrate the logic of the absolute and relative presence of graduates and empirical practitioners. By articulating census data with input from specialized bibliography, the paper provide evidence for certain variables associated with the presence of the State, the differential socio-economic development of the regions, and the rural-urban splits in the long first half of the nineteenth century.

This paper analyzes the distribution of cinema in the city of Rosario (Argentina) during the interwar period, focusing on the construction of cultural discourses, practices and relations. The paper explores representations, made by various agents, of cinema and the strategies of social and cultural discipline set regarding the films and the audience. Censorship and the disciplinary mechanisms are studied in light of their forms of production and reproduction in the urban social space, trying to (r)establish its sociological historicity.

Desde diferentes disciplinas, las ciencias sociales y humanas han dado cuenta del carácter contextual e histórico de las representaciones y actitudes acerca de la muerte y el morir, así como de las respuestas sociales frente a estas experiencias. Puntualmente, el trabajo analiza la gestión médica del proceso de morir en servicios de cuidados paliativos, disciplina médica especializada en la atención de pacientes terminales. Tomando como eje las similitudes y diferencias que este trabajo de gestión asume en Buenos Aires y Río de Janeiro, con base en dos investigaciones etnográficas realizadas en centros de cuidados paliativos de ambas ciudades, el artículo analiza y discute la noción de "buen morir" que estructura el ideario de los cuidados paliativos, al tiempo que explora sus relaciones con procesos sociales más amplios. El análisis comparativo permite revelar los aspectos comunes que caracterizan a la filosofía de esta disciplina, así como mostrar las apropiaciones y particularidades locales, que evidencian las dimensiones culturales e institucionales en torno a la muerte y el morir en ambos contextos.Humanities and social sciences have shown contextual and historical variations on representations and attitudes towards death and dying, as well as in social responses to these experiences. The article analyzes the medical organization of the dying process in palliative care settings, a medical branch specialized in hospice and terminal care. The paper addresses the similarities and differences of medical organization of dying in palliative care settings in Buenos Aires and Río de Janeiro, based on ethnographic researches conducted in hospices located in both cities. The paper analyzes and discusses the notion of "good death", central in palliative care philosophy, and explores their relationship with wider social processes. The comparative analysis reveals the common aspects that characterize the philosophy of palliative care and shows its local variations, which are shaped by cultural and institutional dimensions around death and dying in both contexts.

This paper analyzes the impact of external price shocks on fiscal policy in Argentina during the last two decades. The paper evaluates, through VAR models with long-term restrictions, the effects of the terms of trade, and the output gap, in revenues, expenditures and the primary fiscal deficit, for the period 1993-2015. The estimation results show that the fiscal policy would have been pro cyclical, since the expenditures and the primary fiscal deficit of the national government increased during periods of boom in commodity prices. The terms of trade and inflation rates would be more important, than shocks in the output gap, to explain the volatility of fiscal ratios, in the long run.

La hipótesis que guía el trabajo sostiene que el proceso de descentralización en la Argentina ha sido es el resultado de agendas circunstanciales y no ha constituido constituye en sí mismo una política de Estado consensuada entre los actores claves del sistema político ni forma parte de una estrategia integral de desarrollo. Con vista a esto, el trabajo se estructurará en cuatro momentos: en primer lugar se plantearán algunos aspectos teórico-conceptuales del proceso de descentralización; luego se presentarán algunas de las características político-institucionales de la Argentina que han influenciado el desarrollo de la descentralización en el país; a continuación se exponen los principales antecedentes del proceso de descentralización administrativa en Argentina, en particular, en términos de eficiencia y equidad, poniendo especial énfasis sobre los servicios públicos de educación y salud. Posteriormente, se describen las características actuales de los procesos de descentralización del Sistema Educativo y del Sistema de Salud. Por último, se sistematizarán algunas lecciones aprendidas.

(The Second Vatican Council and the catholic anticommunism in Brazil and Argentina) O artigo propõe analisar a disjunção interna surgida no catolicismo no contexto das renovações teóricas e doutrinárias suscitadas no entorno dos debates referentes ao Concílio Vaticano II, tendo como referência os jornais de Porto Alegre Correio do Povo (CP) e Diário de Notícias (DN) e os jornais de Buenos Aires Clarín (CL) e La Razón (LR). Percorrendo o período da publicação da primeira Encíclica de João XXIII (1961), perpassando pela realização das seções do Concílio (1962 a 1965) e chegando até as primeiras repercussões da Encíclica Populorum Progressio, de Paulo VI (1967), o artigo analisa os debates surgidos no interior da instituição entre os setores conservadores e aqueles considerados progressistas, buscando interpretar o lugar assumido pela prática anticomunista neste processo. Na primeira parte, a proposta é apresentar uma análise da forma como as renovações do catolicismo acabaram imergindo no bojo das disputas políticas que desencadearam nos golpes militares da década de 1960 em ambos os países (1964, no Brasil e 1966, na Argentina). Já na segunda, o artigo apresenta um eixo temático pelo qual é possível visualizar, através das imprensas, as representações anticomunistas manifestadas naquele cenário. Palavras-chave: Concílio Vaticano II. Anticomunismo católico. Brasil. Argentina. Abstract The paper aims to analyze the internal disjunction emerged in the Catholicism in the context of theoretical and doctrinal renovations raised in the environment of debates concerning to Second Vatican Council, having as reference the newspapers of Porto Alegre, Correio do Povo (CP) and Diário de Notícias (DN) and the newspapers of Buenos Aires, Clarín (CL) and La Razón (LR). Going through the time of publication of the first Encyclical of Pope John XXIII (1961), passing through the implementation of sections of the Council (1962-1965) and reaching to the first repercussions of Populorum Progressio Encyclical, by Paul VI (1967), the paper analyzes the debates that arose inside of the institution among the sectors considered conservative and those considered progressive, seeking to interpret the place assumed by the anticommunist practice in this process. In the first part, the proposal is to present an analysis of how the renewals of Catholicism immersed in the midst of political disputes that led to military coups of the 1960s in both countries (1964 in Brazil and 1966 in Argentina). In the second part, the paper presents a central theme which is possible to view, through the presses, the anticommunist representations manifested in that scenario. Keywords: Second Vatican Council. Catholic anticommunism.

El objetivo del presente documento de trabajo es presentar las transformaciones producidas en las políticas sociales argentinas durante el período de los gobiernos de Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007) y el mandato todavía vigente de Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (2007-2011). No haremos una enumeración de políticas, programas y medidas de modo exhaustivo, pero la descripción y análisis permitirán mostrar lo esencial de una época que está resultando en importantes cambios en la política social argentina. En especial, analizaremos los cambios producidos en el sistema de jubilaciones y pensiones, así como la universalización de las asignaciones familiares a través del programa de la Asignación Universal por Hijo, y mostraremos cómo estas dos iniciativas de amplios alcances señalan significativos puntos de ruptura con los patrones de funcionamiento tradicionales del sistema de políticas sociales.

Si bien la utilización de tecnologías de información y comunicación (TICs) está presente en los principales esfuerzos de modernización de la administración pública de los últimos años, paradójicamente este fenómeno no ha concitado la debida atención de aquellos que se dedican a estudiar los procesos de reforma del sector público. En este sentido, y desde una mirada que combina elementos de la ciencia política y de la administración, el presente trabajo pretende analizar los avances y desafíos que implica la utilización de TICs para mejorar la gestión pública, a partir del caso del municipio de Morón, en la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). La estrategia metodológica de la investigación está basada en un estudio instrumental de caso, en el cual el caso interesa no sólo por sí mismo sino principalmente para comprender en general los desafíos y oportunidades que los gobiernos locales enfrentan para hacer un uso intensivo de las TICs orientado a fortalecer la gestión pública local

El trabajo parte de una revisión de la literatura sobre exclusión social. Se argumenta que la combinación de instituciones estatales, de mercado o comunitarias/familiares, que conforman los regímenes de bienestar en América Latina, son claves a la hora de generar o mitigar la exclusión social. La insuficiencia de las políticas sociales públicas empujan las personas y los hogares a promover su propio bienestar por medio del trabajo familiar no remunerado o de la contratación de servicios privados en el mercado. El acceso al mismo está condicionado a los recursos económicos disponibles, lo que deriva en una estratificación de las estrategias de bienestar y una segmentación de los servicios sociales. Ya que esos recursos se obtienen del mercado laboral o de transferencias públicas, el estudio de ambos aspectos es fundamental a la hora de analizar la exclusión social en la región

Este trabalho procura entender, a partir da descrição de práticas judiciárias observadas nos Tribunais das Justiças Penal e Civil da Capital Argentina, o significado e a percepção jurídica acerca da oralidade processual. O objetivo da pesquisa empírica realizada foi lançar um olhar jurídico e brasileiro sobre as manifestações orais do processo argentino. Na Capital Argentina, o discurso jurídico produzido sobre a oralidade está atrelado, exclusivamente, à Justiça Penal. Todavia, o trabalho de campo permitiu perceber que existem manifestações orais também na Justiça Civil da Capital Federal de Buenos Aires. Os dados empíricos sugerem que a restrição do estudo da oralidade ao âmbito penal se vincula, especialmente, ao critério presencial e obrigatório da figura do Juiz na audiência, que não ocorre no processo civil, onde a sua presidência é, normalmente, delegada a funcionários. Este paper pretende apresentar, além de descrições, algumas perguntas sobre a administração judicial de conflitos em Buenos Aires.Este trabajo busca entender, desde la descripción de prácticas judiciales observadas en los Tribunales Civiles y Penales de la Capital Argentina, el significado jurídico y la percepción sobre el tema de la oralidad procesal. El objetivo de la investigación empírica fue lanzar una mirada jurídica y brasileña sobre las manifestaciones orales del proceso argentino. En la Capital Argentina, el discurso jurídico que se produce sobre el tema de la oralidad sólo focaliza la atención en la Justicia Penal. Sin embargo, el trabajo de campo permitió perceber que hay manifestaciones orales también en la Justicia Civil de la Capital Federal de Buenos Aires. Los datos empíricos sugieren que la restricción del estudio de la oralidad en lo ámbito penal tiene vinculación, sobre todo, con la obligación de la presencia fisica del juez en el juicio, distinto de lo que ocurre en el proceso civil, donde, por lo general, la presidencia de las audiencias es delegada a los funcionarios del juzgado. Este trabajo se propone a presentar, junto con las descripciones, algunas preguntas acerca de la administración de los conflictos en Buenos Aires.This paper aims to understand, from the description of practices observed in the criminal and civil judicial courts in the Capital of Argentina, the meaning and the percepction about the legal oral proceedings. The objective of empirical research that I realized was to look at oral manifestations that can occur in the argentine courts from a brazilian perception. In Argentine's capital city, the legal discourse produced about of the orality is links exclusively to Criminal Justice. However, the ethnography shows that there are oral manifestations also at Civil Justice level. Empirical data suggest that the restriction of the study of orality at the criminal trials is linked the presence of the judge, that in criminal trials is obligatory, but in the civil trials isn´t it, already as in these cases is delegated to civil servents. This paper intends to present, together with descriptions, some questions about the jurisdiction in Buenos Aires.