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Nacionalna identiteta je za 19. stoletje razumljena tradicionalno monolitno in monokulturno, vendar je formiranje slovenske identitete zaradi grožnje germanizacije potekalo vzporedno z oblikovanjem panslovanske zavesti, zlasti z nastankom rusofilskih idej. Analiza arhivskega gradiva in literature prikaže izrazito medkulturno podstat slovenske liberalne inteligence 19. stoletja in njen dvotirni odnos do konsolidacije nacionalne identitete. Prispevek se osredotoča na manj poznani krog narodnih delavk pri časopisu Slovenka, zlasti na Marico Strnad, ter njihov ambivalentni odnos do rodoljubnega, narodnega vprašanja in medkulturnega povezovanja. National identity for the nineteenth century is traditionally understood in a monolithic and monocultural manner, but the formation of Slovenian identity due to the threat of Germanization took place in parallel with the formation of pan-Slavic consciousness, especially with the emergence of Russophile ideas. An analysis of archival material and literature shows the distinctly intercultural nature of the nineteenth-century Slovenian liberal intelligentsia and its two-tiered attitude toward the consolidation of ethnic identity. This article focuses on the lesser-known circle of female promoters of ethnic identity at the Slovenian newspaper Slovenka, especially Marica Strnad, and their ambivalent attitude toward patriotism, the national movement, and intercultural integration.

Diplomsko delo skuša predstaviti razvoj slovenskega narodnega gibanja v deželi Koroški od revolucije leta 1848 do začetka prve svetovne vojne leta 1914. Navezuje se tudi na različne teorije, ki poskušajo pojasniti izvor nacionalizma. Izpostavljene so teorije modernistične paradigme in etno-simbolizma. Delo vključuje teorije avtorjev, kot so Benedict Anderson, Eric Hobsbawm, Anthony D. Smith in Ernest Gellner. Za slovensko narodno gibanje je bilo pomembno leto 1848, saj je revolucija tega leta dala gibanju močan zagon. Posamezniki so se začeli boriti za svoje narodnostne pravice tudi v slovenskih deželah, ki so bile vključene v večnacionalno državo Avstro-Ogrsko. Slovenci so se v nadaljnjih desetletjih še naprej zavzemali za svoje zahteve, vendar predvsem v deželi Koroški brez večjih uspehov. Bili so se politični boji med nemško in slovensko stranjo, večkrat pa je razmere za Slovence poslabšala tudi deželna uprava. Tako je delež slovensko opredeljenih prebivalcev v deželi ob začetku 20. stoletja začel padati. This paper tries to present the development of the Slovene national movement in Carinthia from the revolution in 1848 to the start of World War I in 1914. It also addresses different theories that seek to explain the origin of nationalism. Theories of modernist paradigm and ethnosymbolism are highlighted. The paper includes theories of the following authors: Benedict Anderson, Eric Hobsbawm, Anthony D. Smith, and Ernest Gellner. The year 1848 was very important for the Slovene national movement, as the revolution that broke out in that period provided great impetus for the movement. People started to fight for their national rights in Slovene lands that formed the multinational Austria-Hungary. In the following decades, Slovenes strove to have their demands met, yet, especially in Carinthia, their efforts yielded no results. Different political struggles took place between the German and the Slovene side moreover, the situation was oftentimes aggravated, from the Slovene perspective, by the Carinthian administration. In the early 20th century, the proportion of people who identified themselves as Slovenes in this land thus started to decrease.

Diplomsko delo prikazuje položaj slovenščine v drugi polovici 19. stoletja. Najprej je predstavljeno dogajanje v revolucionarnem letu 1848 in program Zedinjena Slovenija, v nadaljevanju pa je delo osredinjeno na poenotenje slovenščine sredi 19. stoletja. Opozorjeno je na nov črkopis, nove oblike in nastanek t. i. novoslovenščine, predstavljeni pa so tudi pomembni Slovenci tistega obdobja. V nadaljevanju so prikazana različna področja šolstva preverjena je vloga slovenščine kot učnega jezika in učnega predmeta, pregledano je slovensko učbeniško gradivo, raziskana pa so tudi prizadevanja za ustanovitev slovenske univerze. Poudarjena je slovenščina v političnem življenju. Raziskane so okoliščine prevajanja državnega zakonika v knjižno slovenščino in položaj slovenščine v dunajskem državnem parlamentu ter kranjskem deželnem zboru. Predstavljena je tudi vloga slovenščine na množičnih zborovanjih (taborih) in slovenščina v kulturnem življenju (na čitalnicah in bésedah). Analiziran je funkcijskozvrstni razvoj slovenščine, zlasti ¬razvoj publicističnega in strokovnega jezika ter z njim povezan razvoj slovenske terminologije. Ugotovljeno je, da je bila druga polovica 19. stoletja za slovenščino in njen razvoj prelomna, saj dobimo enoten knjižni jezik, ki se začne funkcijskozvrstno razvijati opaznejšo vlogo dobiva tudi v šolstvu in javnem političnem življenju. This diploma thesis presents status of Slovene language in the second half of 19th Century. It starts with presentation of events in revolutionary year 1848 and the program called “Zedinjena Slovenija” (United Slovenia). It continues with centering on uniformity of Slovene language in the middle of 19th Century. It is established a new alphabet, new forms and the creation of so called new Slovene language. Here are also presented important Slovene people of that era. Second chapter is focused on different parts of education. The part of Slovene language is verified as a teaching language and learning course. In this part there are also revised Slovene textbooks and efforts put in to create Slovene University. It is also focused on Slovene in political environment. Research was made about the circumstances of translating State Code into proper Slovene and the position of Slovene language in Vienna Parliament and in the provincial parliament. It is also presented the role of Slovene language in mass rallies and Slovene language in culture life. Analyzed is a functional genre development of Slovene language, especially development of journalism and professional language, and with it related Slovene terminology. It has been discovered that the second half of 19th Century is groundbreaking For Slovene Language and its development, because we got unify formal language, which started to develop functional genre. The language gets a bigger role in education and in public political environment.

V diplomskem delu je analizirana možnosti nastanka novih držav na ozemlju današnje Španije in Velike Britanije. Opredelil in analiziral sem vse bistvene elemente, ki so relevantni za nastanek novih držav na teh področjih. Osredotočil sem se na tiste ozemeljske celovite enote v obeh državah, kjer so omenjene tendence po samostojnosti najmočnejše in kjer je izpolnjenih največ pogojev za eventualno samostojnost, odcepitev, oziroma prekrojitev meja. V Španiji sem se osredotočil na avtonomne skupnosti Baskijo, Katalonijo in Galicijo, v Veliki Britaniji pa na dežele Škotsko, Wales in Severno Irsko. In my degree I analyzed the options for some of the regions in Spain and Great Britain to become independent countries. I defined and analyzed all essential elements, relevant for emancipation of new countries in these territories. I focused on regions with greatest tendencies for independence and with most completed conditions for eventual independence or secession. In Spain I focused on Basque Country, Catalonia and Galicia and in Great Britain on Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

V diplomskem delu je pregledno in strnjeno predstavljeno slovenjenje javnega življenja v 19. stoletju. Predstavljeni so tudi zametki slovenjenja v drugih zgodovinskih obdobjih. Na kratko so povzeta zgodovinska dejstva in okoliščine, ki so oblikovale zavedanje obstoja slovenskega naroda in jezika, nato pa njuno postopno vključevanje v javno življenje, kar je vodilo tudi do splošne rabe slovenskega jezika. V diplomskem delu so uporabljene deskriptivna metoda za opisovanje in predstavitev dejstev, zgodovinska metoda ter metoda analize/sinteze za združevanje vsebin v vzajemno celoto. In diploma thesis we integrated and transparently presented Slovenisation of public life in 19th century. As well it is presented the process of Slovenisation in other historic periods. Very briefly are summed up historic facts and circumstances, which created the notion of existence of the Slovene people and language, than their graduate inclusion into public life, which lead to the common use of Slovenian language. In the diploma thesis we used descriptive method for the descriptions and presentation, historical method and the method of analysis/synthesis for the joining of the contents into the wholeness.