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Slovenci na Ptuju so postali pred prvo svetovno vojno povsem razvit narod z razvito kulturo, znanostjo in umetnostjo, z izoblikovanim jezikom in jasno politično voljo. Na štajerski narodnostni meji so jih že močno ogrožali Nemci. Rešitev so iskali v slovanstvu in vse bolj v jugoslovanski ideji, ki so jo sprejele tudi vse tri slovenske stranke. Temelj države Slovencev, Hrvatov in Srbov je bil postavljen poleti 1918, ko je bilo slovensko ozemlje še vedno del Avstro-Ogrske monarhije. Uspehi narodnoobrambnih bojev so se pokazali ob koncu prve svetovne vojne, ki je zrušila temelje nekdaj na zunaj tako mogočne Avstro-Ogrske monarhije. Težavno uveljavljanje nove oblasti na Ptujskem se je pokazalo pri oblikovanju gerentskega sosveta, v katerem so Nemci izkoriščali strankarska nesoglasja. Z letom 1919 se je Narodni svet lotil spremembe zunanjega videza mesta, pri tem pa pozabil na notranje težave, izjemno nizko kmetijsko produktivnost in nerazvito industrijo. Večina industrijskih obratov je bila v lasti Nemcev in je delovala že pred vojno. V obdobju po vojni se za industrializacijo Ptuja ni kaj veliko storilo, nazadovanje mesta sta pospešili svetovna gospodarska kriza in nelikvidnost denarnih zavodov. Projekt o strateški in gospodarski povezanosti okraja z železniškimi prometnicami naj bi Ptuj povezal z mednarodnimi prometnicami, vendar ni bil sprejet niti en načrt o novi železniški infrastrukturi. Izpostaviti moramo ptujsko gimnazijo, ki je pričela z doslednim izobraževanjem učencev in je s pomočjo zavedne inteligence postala ponos ptujskih izobražencev. Before World War I, the Slovenian people living in Ptuj became a completely developed nation with its developed culture, science and art, with well-formed language and clear political will. Germans had already possessed a threat to them on Styria's national border. The Slovenes sought the solution in the Slavonic ancestry and the Yugoslav idea, accepted by all three Slovenian political parties. The foundations of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs were laid in the summer of 1918, when the Slovenian soil was still part of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The success of the national struggle was visible by the end of World War I, which helped destroy the foundations of once so powerful Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The troublesome enforcement of the new authority in Ptuj was evident in forming the regent’s advisory council, in which the Germans took advantage of the party disagreements. In 1919, the National council carried out changes that had an impact on the external appearance of the town, while overlooking the interior problems, extremely low agricultural productivity and undeveloped industry. The majority of the industrial factories was in German hands and had been in business even before the war. In the post-war era, not much of an effort was put into the industrialization of Ptuj, the town’s regression was deepened by the Great depression and by the illiquidity of the monetary institutions. The project of the strategic and economic connectivity of the district with the railway traffic routes would connect Ptuj with the international traffic routes. However, not even a single plan for a new railway infrastructure had been implemented. On the other hand, it is important to stress that the general upper secondary school in Ptuj began to implement a consistent education of pupils and with a help of nationally conscious intelligentsia it soon became the pride of cultivated people in Ptuj.

Republika Irska je izrazito centralizirana država. Sistem lokalne samouprave na Irskem ima korenine v britanski lokalni samoupravi iz leta 1922 in je bil deležen redkih sprememb. Irska ustava do leta 1999 ni vsebovala izrecne določbe, ki bi se nanašala na ureditev lokalne samouprave. Temeljno zakonodajo na področju strukture, delovanje in nalog lokalne samouprave predstavlja Zakon o lokalni samoupravi iz leta 2001. Primarno raven lokalne samouprave tvori 29 okrožnih svetov in pet mestnih svetov, sekundarno raven pa 80 občinskih svetov. Na lokalni ravni delujejo tudi številne lokalne javne agencije. Direktorski sistem v lokalni samoupravi predstavlja bistveno razliko med Irsko in drugimi članicami Evropske unije. Lokalna samouprava na Irskem ima manjši obseg funkcij v primerjavi z drugimi evropskimi državami. Sredstva iz državnega proračuna predstavljajo približno polovico vseh sredstev lokalne samouprave. Preostala sredstva lokalne oblasti zberejo s taksami, plačili za javne storitve in dajatvami za razvoj. The Republic of Ireland is a highly centralised country. The Irish system of local government was inherited from Britain in 1922 and has experienced very little change since. Until 1999, there was no specific constitutional provision for local government in Constitution of Ireland. Local Government Act, 2001 is the basic legislation governing local government structures, operations and functions. The top tier of local government consists of 29 county councils and five city councils. The second tier of local government consists of 80 town councils. Local governance includes a large number of local public agencies. The managerial system constitutes a major difference between Ireland and other EU member states. Local government in Ireland has fewer functions in comparison to other European countries. Approximately 50 per cent of local government funding comes from central coffers. Rates, service charges and development levies account for the remainder.

The term »town musicians« is here used to cover the so-called town pipers (Stadtpfeifer, Stadtturner) as well as the town fiddlers (Stadtgeiger), as distinct from the provincial musicians, known as provincial trumpeters (Landschaftliche Trompeter). The town pipers, who had developed from the mediaeval travelling musicians, are mentioned in the Ljubljana archives in the late 1520's and 30's. However, only in 1544 do we have evidence of a permanent organized body of four musicians. The duties of the pipers were various; they stood guard on a special tower of Ljubljana castle, sounded their instruments at certain hours, greeted with music secular and church dignitaries when these visited Ljubljana, took part in church music and in different town celebrations and taught instruments to the children of the wealthier burghers and aristocrats. In short, they were necessary and useful everywhere, for without them no performance, public or private, religious or secular, could take place. The master was usually the one who played the cornet, whereas his assistants played trombones. Individual members played other instruments as well----trumpets, Krummhorns, shawms, recorders, virginals as well as various string instruments. They reached the first peak of their development in the 16th century, during the Protestant era. The names of the pipers mostly reveal their German origin, understandable enough, since Protestantism had its roots in Germany, so that to spread and consolidate the new religion, German musicians came to Slovenia. With the victory of the Counter-Reformation at the beginning of the 17tn century the local element is more and more in evidence and in the 18tn century comes to prevail. Apart from the pipers, a contribution to the development of instrumental music in Ljubljana was made by the town fiddlers, first mentioned in the archives in 1571. They belonged to the lower levels of town society and apart from their regular employment they engaged in other music-making, for which, of course, they were paid separately. But for a few exceptions, they were unable to achieve any high quality of performance. However, in part-time playing, which represented an important additional source of income for the never very well paid town pipers, they were unwelcome rivals of the latter. Their quarrels went so far that the town council was obliged in 1712 to issue special regulations which minutely defined their duties and mutual relations. With the establishment of the Academia Philharmonicorum (1701) the town pipers decreased in importance, though they still remained active. Because of the fiscal and administrative reforms of Maria Theresa the town was obliged to cut its expenses. The town was thus compelled in 1754 to dismiss the town pipers, among other employees. Without any direction from above as was the case with provincial trumpeters, the institution of town pipers ceased to exist. Similar retarding circumstances to those operating on the Academia Philharmonicorum, which were a sign of general social development, brought the institution of town musicians to an end. The latter had for some decades been losing their importance; the efflorescence of the Baroque in music had left them behind. Musical performance demanded better qualified exponents, and the pipers were no longier suitable. Time had overtaken them.